October 2004 lunar eclipse
| Total eclipse | |||||||||||||||||
 Totality as viewed from Dunkirk, Maryland at 3:03 UTC, taken by Fred Espenak | |||||||||||||||||
| Date | October 28, 2004 | ||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gamma | 0.2846 | ||||||||||||||||
| Magnitude | 1.3100 | ||||||||||||||||
| Saros cycle | 136 (19 of 72) | ||||||||||||||||
| Totality | 85 minutes, 29 seconds | ||||||||||||||||
| Partiality | 218 minutes, 41 seconds | ||||||||||||||||
| Penumbral | 353 minutes, 46 seconds | ||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||
A total lunar eclipse occurred at the Moon’s ascending node of orbit on Thursday, October 28, 2004,[1] with an umbral magnitude of 1.3100. A lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon moves into the Earth's shadow, causing the Moon to be darkened. A total lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon's near side entirely passes into the Earth's umbral shadow. Unlike a solar eclipse, which can only be viewed from a relatively small area of the world, a lunar eclipse may be viewed from anywhere on the night side of Earth. A total lunar eclipse can last up to nearly two hours, while a total solar eclipse lasts only a few minutes at any given place, because the Moon's shadow is smaller. Occurring about 5.4 days before apogee (on November 2, 2004, at 13:10 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter was smaller.[2]
This lunar eclipse is the last of a tetrad, with four total lunar eclipses in series, the others being on May 16, 2003; November 9, 2004; and May 4, 2004.
Visibility
[edit]The eclipse was completely visible over much of North and South America, west Africa, and western Europe, seen rising over western North America and the Pacific Ocean and setting over Africa, eastern Europe, and west Asia.[3]
|
 Hourly motion shown right to left |
 The Moon's hourly motion across the Earth's shadow in the constellation of Aries. | |
Gallery
[edit]-
Timelapse photo from Hayward, California -
Ault Field, Washington, 2:29 UT -
Dunkirk, Maryland, 3:03 UT -
From Kiuruvesi, Finland, 3:21 UT -
Seattle, Washington
End of totality, 3:43 UT -
Bellevue, Washington, 3:51 UT -
Timelapse photo from A Coruña, Spain
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Eclipse details
[edit]Shown below is a table displaying details about this particular solar eclipse. It describes various parameters pertaining to this eclipse.[4]
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Penumbral Magnitude | 2.36560 |
| Umbral Magnitude | 1.31001 |
| Gamma | 0.28465 |
| Sun Right Ascension | 14h11m00.6s |
| Sun Declination | -13°12'05.3" |
| Sun Semi-Diameter | 16'06.0" |
| Sun Equatorial Horizontal Parallax | 08.9" |
| Moon Right Ascension | 02h10m32.6s |
| Moon Declination | +13°26'29.6" |
| Moon Semi-Diameter | 15'15.1" |
| Moon Equatorial Horizontal Parallax | 0°55'58.4" |
| ΔT | 64.6 s |
Eclipse season
[edit]This eclipse is part of an eclipse season, a period, roughly every six months, when eclipses occur. Only two (or occasionally three) eclipse seasons occur each year, and each season lasts about 35 days and repeats just short of six months (173 days) later; thus two full eclipse seasons always occur each year. Either two or three eclipses happen each eclipse season. In the sequence below, each eclipse is separated by a fortnight.
| October 14 Descending node (new moon) |
October 28 Ascending node (full moon) |
|---|---|
 |
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| Partial solar eclipse Solar Saros 124 |
Total lunar eclipse Lunar Saros 136 |
Related eclipses
[edit]Eclipses in 2004
[edit]- A partial solar eclipse on April 19.
- A total lunar eclipse on May 4.
- A partial solar eclipse on October 14.
- A total lunar eclipse on October 28.
Metonic
[edit]- Preceded by: Lunar eclipse of January 9, 2001
- Followed by: Lunar eclipse of August 16, 2008
Tzolkinex
[edit]- Preceded by: Lunar eclipse of September 16, 1997
- Followed by: Lunar eclipse of December 10, 2011
Half-Saros
[edit]- Preceded by: Solar eclipse of October 24, 1995
- Followed by: Solar eclipse of November 3, 2013
Tritos
[edit]- Preceded by: Lunar eclipse of November 29, 1993
- Followed by: Lunar eclipse of September 28, 2015
Lunar Saros 136
[edit]- Preceded by: Lunar eclipse of October 17, 1986
- Followed by: Lunar eclipse of November 8, 2022
Inex
[edit]- Preceded by: Lunar eclipse of November 18, 1975
- Followed by: Lunar eclipse of October 8, 2033
Triad
[edit]- Preceded by: Lunar eclipse of December 28, 1917
- Followed by: Lunar eclipse of August 29, 2091
Lunar eclipses of 2002–2005
[edit]This eclipse is a member of a semester series. An eclipse in a semester series of lunar eclipses repeats approximately every 177 days and 4 hours (a semester) at alternating nodes of the Moon's orbit.[5]
The penumbral lunar eclipse on June 24, 2002 occurs in the previous lunar year eclipse set.
| Lunar eclipse series sets from 2002 to 2005 | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Descending node | Ascending node | |||||||
| Saros | Date Viewing |
Type Chart |
Gamma | Saros | Date Viewing |
Type Chart |
Gamma | |
| 111 | 2002 May 26
|
Penumbral
|
1.1759 | 116 | 2002 Nov 20
|
Penumbral
|
−1.1127 | |
121
|
2003 May 16
|
Total
|
0.4123 | 126
|
2003 Nov 09
|
Total
|
−0.4319 | |
131
|
2004 May 04
|
Total
|
−0.3132 | 136
|
2004 Oct 28
|
Total
|
0.2846 | |
| 141 | 2005 Apr 24
|
Penumbral
|
−1.0885 | 146_(cropped).jpg)
|
2005 Oct 17
|
Partial
|
0.9796 | |
Metonic series
[edit]The metonic cycle repeats nearly exactly every 19 years and represents a Saros cycle plus one lunar year. Because it occurs on the same calendar date, the Earth's shadow will in nearly the same location relative to the background stars.
| Metonic events: May 4 and October 28 | |
|---|---|
| Descending node | Ascending node |
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Saros 136
[edit]This eclipse is a part of Saros series 136, repeating every 18 years, 11 days, and containing 72 events. The series started with a penumbral lunar eclipse on April 13, 1680. It contains partial eclipses from July 11, 1824 through September 14, 1932; total eclipses from September 26, 1950 through July 7, 2419; and a second set of partial eclipses from July 18, 2437 through October 3, 2563. The series ends at member 72 as a penumbral eclipse on June 1, 2960.
The longest duration of totality will be produced by member 35 at 101 minutes, 23 seconds on April 21, 2293. All eclipses in this series occur at the Moon’s ascending node of orbit.[6]
| Greatest | First | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| The greatest eclipse of the series will occur on 2293 Apr 21, lasting 101 minutes, 23 seconds.[7] | Penumbral | Partial | Total | Central |
| 1680 Apr 13 |
1824 Jul 11 |
1950 Sep 26
|
2022 Nov 08
| |
| Last | ||||
| Central | Total | Partial | Penumbral | |
| 2365 Jun 04 |
2419 Jul 07 |
2563 Oct 03 |
2960 Jun 01 | |
Eclipses are tabulated in three columns; every third eclipse in the same column is one exeligmos apart, so they all cast shadows over approximately the same parts of the Earth.
| Series members 8–29 occur between 1801 and 2200: | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 8 | 9 | 10 | |||
| 1806 Jun 30 | 1824 Jul 11 | 1842 Jul 22 | |||
| 11 | 12 | 13 | |||
| 1860 Aug 01 | 1878 Aug 13 | 1896 Aug 23 | |||
| 14 | 15 | 16 | |||
| 1914 Sep 04 | 1932 Sep 14 | 1950 Sep 26 | |||
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| 17 | 18 | 19 | |||
| 1968 Oct 06 | 1986 Oct 17 | 2004 Oct 28 | |||
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| 20 | 21 | 22 | |||
| 2022 Nov 08 | 2040 Nov 18 | 2058 Nov 30 | |||
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| 23 | 24 | 25 | |||
| 2076 Dec 10 | 2094 Dec 21 | 2113 Jan 02 | |||
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| 26 | 27 | 28 | |||
| 2131 Jan 13 | 2149 Jan 23 | 2167 Feb 04 | |||
| 29 | |||||
| 2185 Feb 14 | |||||
Tritos series
[edit]This eclipse is a part of a tritos cycle, repeating at alternating nodes every 135 synodic months (≈ 3986.63 days, or 11 years minus 1 month). Their appearance and longitude are irregular due to a lack of synchronization with the anomalistic month (period of perigee), but groupings of 3 tritos cycles (≈ 33 years minus 3 months) come close (≈ 434.044 anomalistic months), so eclipses are similar in these groupings.
| Series members between 1801 and 2200 | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1808 May 10 (Saros 118) |
1819 Apr 10 (Saros 119) |
1830 Mar 09 (Saros 120) |
1841 Feb 06 (Saros 121) |
1852 Jan 07 (Saros 122) | |||||
| 1862 Dec 06 (Saros 123) |
1873 Nov 04 (Saros 124) |
1884 Oct 04 (Saros 125) |
1895 Sep 04 (Saros 126) |
1906 Aug 04 (Saros 127) | |||||
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| 1917 Jul 04 (Saros 128) |
1928 Jun 03 (Saros 129) |
1939 May 03 (Saros 130) |
1950 Apr 02 (Saros 131) |
1961 Mar 02 (Saros 132) | |||||
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| 1972 Jan 30 (Saros 133) |
1982 Dec 30 (Saros 134) |
1993 Nov 29 (Saros 135) |
2004 Oct 28 (Saros 136) |
2015 Sep 28 (Saros 137) | |||||
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| 2026 Aug 28 (Saros 138) |
2037 Jul 27 (Saros 139) |
2048 Jun 26 (Saros 140) |
2059 May 27 (Saros 141) |
2070 Apr 25 (Saros 142) | |||||
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| 2081 Mar 25 (Saros 143) |
2092 Feb 23 (Saros 144) |
2103 Jan 23 (Saros 145) |
2113 Dec 22 (Saros 146) |
2124 Nov 21 (Saros 147) | |||||
| 2135 Oct 22 (Saros 148) |
2146 Sep 20 (Saros 149) |
2157 Aug 20 (Saros 150) |
2168 Jul 20 (Saros 151) |
2179 Jun 19 (Saros 152) | |||||
| 2190 May 19 (Saros 153) | |||||||||
Half-Saros cycle
[edit]A lunar eclipse will be preceded and followed by solar eclipses by 9 years and 5.5 days (a half saros).[8] This lunar eclipse is related to two solar eclipses of Solar Saros 143.
| October 24, 1995 | November 3, 2013 |
|---|---|
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See also
[edit]- List of lunar eclipses and List of 21st-century lunar eclipses
- May 2003 lunar eclipse
- November 2003 lunar eclipse
- May 2004 lunar eclipse
Notes
[edit]- ^ "October 27–28, 2004 Total Lunar Eclipse (Blood Moon)". timeanddate. Retrieved 13 November 2024.
- ^ "Moon Distances for London, United Kingdom, England". timeanddate. Retrieved 13 November 2024.
- ^ "Total Lunar Eclipse of 2004 Oct 28" (PDF). NASA. Retrieved 13 November 2024.
- ^ "Total Lunar Eclipse of 2004 Oct 28". EclipseWise.com. Retrieved 13 November 2024.
- ^ van Gent, R.H. "Solar- and Lunar-Eclipse Predictions from Antiquity to the Present". A Catalogue of Eclipse Cycles. Utrecht University. Retrieved 6 October 2018.
- ^ "NASA - Catalog of Lunar Eclipses of Saros 136". eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov.
- ^ Listing of Eclipses of series 136
- ^ Mathematical Astronomy Morsels, Jean Meeus, p.110, Chapter 18, The half-saros
External links
[edit]- NASA
- Total Lunar Eclipse of Oct. 27, 2004
- 2004 Oct 28 chart: Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak, NASA/GSFC
- Saros series 136
- NASA Astronomy Picture of the Day: Red Moon Triple (29 October 2004)
- NASA Astronomy Picture of the Day: Pumpkin Moon (30 October 2004)
- Lunar Eclipse gallery
- Photo by Wade B Clark Jr. near Lyman, Washington, USA
- [1]
- Spaceweather.com: Lunar eclipse gallery
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![[1]](http://www.skychasers.net/Lunar_Eclipse_October_27_2004_17_Low_Res.jpg){kind=link}
