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December 2011 lunar eclipse

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December 2011 lunar eclipse
Total eclipse
Totality as viewed from Singapore, 14:40 UTC
DateDecember 10, 2011
Gamma−0.3882
Magnitude1.1076
Saros cycle135 (23 of 71)
Totality51 minutes, 8 seconds
Partiality212 minutes, 15 seconds
Penumbral356 minutes, 21 seconds
Contacts (UTC)
P111:33:36
U112:45:43
U214:06:16
Greatest14:31:49
U314:57:24
U416:17:58
P417:29:57

A total lunar eclipse occurred at the Moon’s descending node of orbit on Saturday, December 10, 2011,[1] with an umbral magnitude of 1.1076. A lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon moves into the Earth's shadow, causing the Moon to be darkened. A total lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon's near side entirely passes into the Earth's umbral shadow. Unlike a solar eclipse, which can only be viewed from a relatively small area of the world, a lunar eclipse may be viewed from anywhere on the night side of Earth. A total lunar eclipse can last up to nearly two hours, while a total solar eclipse lasts only a few minutes at any given place, because the Moon's shadow is smaller. Occurring about 4.8 days after apogee (on December 5, 2011, at 20:10 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter was smaller.[2]

Visibility

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The eclipse was completely visible over east and northern Asia, Australia, and northern North America, seen rising over Europe and east and central Africa, and setting over North America.[3]


Hourly motion shown right to left
The Moon's hourly motion across the Earth's shadow in the constellation of Taurus.

Visibility map


Images

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NASA chart of the eclipse
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Asia

Australia and Oceania

a series of 27 images of the moon during the eclipse
Sequence from 20:12 Dec 11 until 00:19 Dec 12 (AWST, UTC +8) Serpentine Dam, Western Australia view right to left as the moon passed across the sky

Europe and Middle East

North America

Timing

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Times for Australia

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The eclipse occurred on Saturday evening in Australia. Eastern Daylight Saving Time: (+11:00 UTC)

  • Penumbral Eclipse Begins: 22:33:32 EDST
  • Partial Eclipse Begins: 23:45:42 EDST
  • Total Eclipse Begins: 01:06:16 EDST
  • Greatest Eclipse: 01:31:49 EDST
  • Total Eclipse Ends: 01:57:24 EDST
  • Partial Eclipse Ends: 03:17:58 EDST
  • Penumbral Eclipse Ends: 04:30:00 EDST

Times for India

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The eclipse was visible from India in the evening, given in India Standard Time (UTC+5:30):

  • Penumbral eclipse begins (P1): 17:04 IST
  • Partial eclipse begins (U1): 18:16 IST
  • Total eclipse begins (U2): 19:36 IST
  • Mid-eclipse: 20:02 IST
  • Total eclipse ends (U3): 20:27 IST
  • Partial eclipse ends (U4): 21:48 IST
  • Penumbral eclipse ends (P4): 23:00 IST

Times for North America

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The eclipse was visible on Saturday morning before sunrise over North America. For most location the moon set before full lunar eclipse. Only Alaska and northernmost Canada will be able to witness the entire event.

Contact North America UTC
AST
(UTC−9)		 PST
(UTC−8)		 MST
(UTC−7)		 CST
(UTC−6)		 EST
(UTC−5)
Penumbral begins (P1) 2:34 am 3:34 am 4:34 am 5:34 am 6:34 am 11:34
Partial begins (U1) 3:46 am 4:46 am 5:46 am 6:46 am 7:46 am 12:46
Totality begins (U2) 5:06 am 6:06 am 7:06 am 8:06 am 9:06 am 14:06
Mid-eclipse 5:32 am 6:32 am 7:32 am 8:32 am 9:32 am 14:32
Totality ends (U3) 5:57 am 6:57 am 7:57 am 8:57 am 9:57 am 14:57
Partial ends (U4) 7:18 am 8:18 am 9:18 am 10:18 am 11:18 am 16:18
Penumbral ends (P4) 8:30 am 9:30 am 10:30 am 11:30 am 12:30 pm 17:30
(Table entries are given a dark background for invisibility due to moonset)

Eclipse details

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Shown below is a table displaying details about this particular solar eclipse. It describes various parameters pertaining to this eclipse.[4]

December 10, 2011 Lunar Eclipse Parameters
Parameter Value
Penumbral Magnitude 2.18746
Umbral Magnitude 1.10757
Gamma −0.38819
Sun Right Ascension 17h08m35.0s
Sun Declination -22°54'38.7"
Sun Semi-Diameter 16'14.5"
Sun Equatorial Horizontal Parallax 08.9"
Moon Right Ascension 05h08m33.9s
Moon Declination +22°33'13.3"
Moon Semi-Diameter 15'02.4"
Moon Equatorial Horizontal Parallax 0°55'11.7"
ΔT 66.7 s

Eclipse season

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See also: Eclipse cycle

This eclipse is part of an eclipse season, a period, roughly every six months, when eclipses occur. Only two (or occasionally three) eclipse seasons occur each year, and each season lasts about 35 days and repeats just short of six months (173 days) later; thus two full eclipse seasons always occur each year. Either two or three eclipses happen each eclipse season. In the sequence below, each eclipse is separated by a fortnight.

Eclipse season of November–December 2011
November 25
Ascending node (new moon)
 December 10
Descending node (full moon)
Partial solar eclipse
Solar Saros 123		 Total lunar eclipse
Lunar Saros 135
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Eclipses in 2011

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Metonic

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Tzolkinex

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Half-Saros

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Tritos

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Lunar Saros 135

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Inex

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Triad

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Lunar eclipses of 2009–2013

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This eclipse is a member of a semester series. An eclipse in a semester series of lunar eclipses repeats approximately every 177 days and 4 hours (a semester) at alternating nodes of the Moon's orbit.[5]

The penumbral lunar eclipses on February 9, 2009 and August 6, 2009 occur in the previous lunar year eclipse set, and the lunar eclipses on April 25, 2013 (partial) and October 18, 2013 (penumbral) occur in the next lunar year eclipse set.

Lunar eclipse series sets from 2009 to 2013
Ascending node   Descending node
Saros Date
Viewing 		Type
Chart 		Gamma Saros Date
Viewing 		Type
Chart 		Gamma
110 2009 Jul 07
 Penumbral
 −1.4916 115
 2009 Dec 31
 Partial
 0.9766
120
 2010 Jun 26
 Partial
 −0.7091 125
 2010 Dec 21
 Total
 0.3214
130
 2011 Jun 15
 Total
 0.0897 135
 2011 Dec 10
 Total
 −0.3882
140
 2012 Jun 04
 Partial
 0.8248 145 2012 Nov 28
 Penumbral
 −1.0869
150 2013 May 25
 Penumbral
 1.5351

Saros 135

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This eclipse is a part of Saros series 135, repeating every 18 years, 11 days, and containing 71 events. The series started with a penumbral lunar eclipse on April 13, 1615. It contains partial eclipses from July 20, 1777 through October 28, 1939; total eclipses from November 7, 1957 through July 6, 2354; and a second set of partial eclipses from July 16, 2372 through September 19, 2480. The series ends at member 71 as a penumbral eclipse on May 18, 2877.

The longest duration of totality will be produced by member 37 at 106 minutes, 13 seconds on May 12, 2264. All eclipses in this series occur at the Moon’s descending node of orbit.[6]

Greatest First
The greatest eclipse of the series will occur on 2264 May 12, lasting 106 minutes, 13 seconds.[7] Penumbral Partial Total Central
1615 Apr 13
 1777 Jul 20
 1957 Nov 07
 2174 Mar 18
Last
Central Total Partial Penumbral
2318 Jun 14
 2354 Jul 06
 2480 Sep 19
 2877 May 18

Eclipses are tabulated in three columns; every third eclipse in the same column is one exeligmos apart, so they all cast shadows over approximately the same parts of the Earth.

Tritos series

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This eclipse is a part of a tritos cycle, repeating at alternating nodes every 135 synodic months (≈ 3986.63 days, or 11 years minus 1 month). Their appearance and longitude are irregular due to a lack of synchronization with the anomalistic month (period of perigee), but groupings of 3 tritos cycles (≈ 33 years minus 3 months) come close (≈ 434.044 anomalistic months), so eclipses are similar in these groupings.

Series members between 1801 and 2200
1804 Jul 22
(Saros 116) 		1815 Jun 21
(Saros 117) 		1826 May 21
(Saros 118) 		1837 Apr 20
(Saros 119) 		1848 Mar 19
(Saros 120)
1859 Feb 17
(Saros 121) 		1870 Jan 17
(Saros 122) 		1880 Dec 16
(Saros 123) 		1891 Nov 16
(Saros 124) 		1902 Oct 17
(Saros 125)
1913 Sep 15
(Saros 126) 		1924 Aug 14
(Saros 127) 		1935 Jul 16
(Saros 128) 		1946 Jun 14
(Saros 129) 		1957 May 13
(Saros 130)
1968 Apr 13
(Saros 131) 		1979 Mar 13
(Saros 132) 		1990 Feb 09
(Saros 133) 		2001 Jan 09
(Saros 134) 		2011 Dec 10
(Saros 135)
2022 Nov 08
(Saros 136) 		2033 Oct 08
(Saros 137) 		2044 Sep 07
(Saros 138) 		2055 Aug 07
(Saros 139) 		2066 Jul 07
(Saros 140)
2077 Jun 06
(Saros 141) 		2088 May 05
(Saros 142) 		2099 Apr 05
(Saros 143) 		2110 Mar 06
(Saros 144) 		2121 Feb 02
(Saros 145)
2132 Jan 02
(Saros 146) 		2142 Dec 03
(Saros 147) 		2153 Nov 01
(Saros 148) 		2164 Sep 30
(Saros 149) 		2175 Aug 31
(Saros 150)
2186 Jul 31
(Saros 151) 		2197 Jun 29
(Saros 152)

Half-Saros cycle

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A lunar eclipse will be preceded and followed by solar eclipses by 9 years and 5.5 days (a half saros).[8] This lunar eclipse is related to two total solar eclipses of Solar Saros 142.

December 4, 2002 December 14, 2020

See also

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References

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  1. ^ "December 10–11, 2011 Total Lunar Eclipse (Blood Moon)". timeanddate. Retrieved 15 November 2024.
  2. ^ "Moon Distances for London, United Kingdom, England". timeanddate. Retrieved 15 November 2024.
  3. ^ "Total Lunar Eclipse of 2011 Dec 10" (PDF). NASA. Retrieved 15 November 2024.
  4. ^ "Total Lunar Eclipse of 2011 Dec 10". EclipseWise.com. Retrieved 15 November 2024.
  5. ^ van Gent, R.H. "Solar- and Lunar-Eclipse Predictions from Antiquity to the Present". A Catalogue of Eclipse Cycles. Utrecht University. Retrieved 6 October 2018.
  6. ^ "NASA - Catalog of Lunar Eclipses of Saros 135". eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov.
  7. ^ Listing of Eclipses of series 135
  8. ^ Mathematical Astronomy Morsels, Jean Meeus, p.110, Chapter 18, The half-saros
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