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October 2024 Spain floods

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For other floods in Spain in 2024, see 2024 European floods § Spain.

October 2024 Spain floods
Map
Date29 October 2024 – ongoing
LocationSpain (especially the Valencian Community, Castilla–La Mancha, and Andalusia)
CauseCold drop
Deaths205+
Missingunknown
Property damage"substantial"

On 29 October 2024, torrential rain caused by an isolated low-pressure area at high levels brought over a year's worth of precipitation to several areas in southeastern Spain, including the Valencian Community, Castilla–La Mancha, and Andalusia. The resulting floodwaters caused the deaths of at least 205 people and substantial property damage.[1] It is one of the worst natural disasters in the history of Spain by the number of confirmed deaths.[2]

Background

[edit]

Reports of disastrous floods have been recorded throughout the history of Valencia, from the 14th century up to the contemporary period.[3] The 1957 Valencia flood, caused by a three-day cold drop (Spanish: gota fría), caused significant overflowing of the Túria river. A cold drop is a term used in Spain and France to describe heavy rains in the autumn.

The 1957 flood resulted in at least 81 fatalities. In response to the disaster, the government of Francisco Franco approved a plan to reroute the Turia to the south of Valencia city, three kilometres from its original course.[4] In September 2019, floods killed six people in Vega Baja del Segura. As a measure to respond to future flooding incidents, the government of Ximo Puig established the Valencian Emergencies Unit (Valencian: Unitat Valenciana d'Emergències; Spanish: Unidad Valenciana de Emergencias). After the 2023 Valencian regional election, the government of Carlos Mazón shut down the unit, which it considered to be a "superfluous expense".[5]

On 25 October 2024, AEMET meteorologist Juan Jesús González Alemán warned that the upcoming cold drop had the potential to become a high impact storm. His statement was initially met with ridicule and accusations of "alarmism" on the social media platform X.[6]

Flooding

[edit]

In the Valencian Community

[edit]
Multiple cars damaged by the collapsed façade of a convenience store in Alginet, a town in the Ribera Alta of Valencia

Starting on 29 October 2024, a cold drop brought drastic flash flooding to southern and south-eastern Spain, primarily in the Valencia region.[7] At 06:42, the State Meteorological Agency (AEMET) issued an orange weather warning for the south of Valencia. Less than 20 minutes later, the port of Valencia announced it would be shutting down.[8] At 07:36, the AEMET issued a red weather warning for the Valencian interior and upgraded its previous warning to the highest level. By this time, the Plana d'Utiel was already receiving heavy rain.[8] By 10:30, emergency services were rescuing people from their vehicles in Ribera.[8]

At 11:30, the ravine in Chiva overflowed and flooded the municipality;[8] Chiva saw nearly 500 millimetres (20 in) of rainfall during the day.[7] At 11:45, emergency services issued an alert to municipalities situated along the Magro River. At 12:00 the Magro burst its banks in Utiel,[8] which recorded 200 mm (7.9 in) in rainfall.[9] At 12:20, emergency services alerted municipalities situated along the Poyo ravine. By the following hour, municipalities affected by the storm had been left without electricity or telephone services.[8] At noon, the Provincial Deputation of Valencia [es; ca] sent all of its workers home, citing the "very high risk to the population" of the cold drop. By 14:00, all of its offices were closed.[10] The Poyo ravine registered peaks of discharge of about 2,300 m3·s-1 in Paiporta.[11]

Horta Sud, one of the most affected comarques of Valencia

At 13:00, Valencian President Carlos Mazón held a press conference, in which he claimed that the intensity of the storm would decrease by 18:00. But by 17:35, emergency services were already issuing alerts regarding the overflow of the Magro and Júcar rivers.[8] At 18:30, the Poyo burst its banks in Torrent and flooded downstream through several towns in Horta Sud. Many people were killed, while others sought refuge on the Autovía V-30 [es; ca] or in shopping centres.[8]

At 19:25, a bridge in Picanya was destroyed by the surging waters.[8] At 20:12, the Generalitat Valenciana issued an SMS alert, advising Valencian citizens to remain indoors. At 20:36, the Spanish government received a request for the intervention of the Military Emergencies Unit (UME) in the Valencian Community.[8] At 21:00, Mazón reappeared to declare the floods an "unprecedented situation".[8] Around midnight on 30 October, Mazón's social media team deleted a tweet in which he claimed that the storm would dissipate.[12]

On 30 October 2024, the 1973 New Turia Riverbed surged to capacity, sparing Valencia's city proper.[11]

The South Plan [es; ca]—a new riverbed for the Turia built after the catastrophic 1957 flood—protected the city of Valencia proper from major damage.[13][11] However, in the municipality of Paiporta alone, 62 people died.[14] The floods eventually affected all population centers in Horta Sud and most of those in Camp de Túria and Requena-Utiel.[15][16]

Other regions

[edit]
Storm clouds over Andalusia and Extremadura on 1 November 2024

In Andalusia, the storm caused landslides[17][18] and damage to buildings, roads, bridges and agricultural land.[19][20][21] Several people had to be rescued by the Civil Guard.[22] Meteorologists issued predictions for further storms to hit the regions on 31 October 2024.[23]

The Region of Murcia was also affected by the flooding, although to a lesser degree than other regions.[24] Flooding also reached the provinces of Teruel and Zaragoza in Aragon.[25]

Several videos taken of flash flooding showed civilians holding on to trees to resist the flood's rapid flow, with 30 people in Letur, Castilla–La Mancha, being trapped by floodwaters.[26] Two dead women and five missing people were reported in the municipality.[27]

Casualties

[edit]

The resulting floodwaters caused the deaths of more than 205 people,[1] including 202 in the province of Valencia,[28] two more in Castile-La Mancha[29] and one in Andalusia.[30][31][32] According to provisional figures by the Valencian government, based on calls to an emergency number regarding missing family members, around 1,900 people have been declared missing;[33] five more people are also missing in Castilla–La Mancha.[27] Among the missing were 16 members of Spain's Romanian community.[34] The flooding also caused significant damage to buildings and infrastructure, sweeping away cars and derailing a high-speed train but not injuring any of its nearly 300 passengers.[26] According to José Ángel Núñez, the chief climatologist of the AEMET, most of the deaths occurred in localities where there had not been any rain.[35]

Among the fatalities were two men from Colombia and the United Kingdom.[36][37]

Aftermath

[edit]
The facade of a residential building in Alginet destroyed by the storm
Destruction caused by flooding in parks and streets of Catarroja

Spanish rail operator Administrador de Infraestructuras Ferroviarias announced the suspension of all Valencia rail services for as long as it took for the situation to normalize.[38] This included suspensions for high-speed rail services from Valencia to Madrid, and all commuter train services in Valencia. Moreover, parts of the Autovía A-3/E-901 and Autovía A-7/E-15, both major highways in the region, were blocked as a result of the floods and subsequent crashes,[39] as well as various other roads, which were impossible to transit.[40] Metrovalencia services were suspended, with the lines south of the city particularly badly affected. It was expected that it would take months to restore normal service.[41]

Empty meat shelves in a Mercadona on 31 October in Castellón after panic buying

Twelve flights were diverted away from Valencia Airport due to heavy rainfall and winds, while 10 more arrivals and departures at the airport were cancelled.[citation needed] At Málaga Airport, numerous flights were cancelled or rerouted on 29 October,[42] until normal services resumed on 30 October.[22]

In the initial aftermath and the following days of the disaster and lack of government coordination, thousands of Valencians volunteered and organized to help affected towns with both material (foodstuffs) and physical help (helping clean up streets and debris).[43][44][45] Over 30 October and 1 November, about 1,000 Spanish troops were gradually deployed to the worst impacted areas [46] Due to the saturation of the emergency number caused by the high number of incidents being reported, many people took to social networks to ask for help for themselves or their family members.[47] The Circuit Ricardo Tormo race track in Cheste, Valencian Community was used as a relief centre, but some of its access roads were destroyed by the flooding.[48][49][50] The Valencia MotoGP scheduled on 17 November was cancelled, with its organisers saying that the event would be held elsewhere.[51] The FIA Formula E Official Test and Women's Test, which were due to be held at the circuit on 4–7 November, were cancelled, and moved to Circuito del Jarama in San Sebastián de los Reyes, Community of Madrid. They were postponed to 5–8 November.[52][53][54]

The city government of Valencia suspended all sports events and school classes for 30 October.[55] Football games in the Copa del Rey involving teams from the Valencia region on 30 October were postponed to the following week.[56] The Seville book fair was suspended on 29 and 30 October.[22] Five games in the province of Valencia due to take place on 2 and 3 November, including Valencia against Real Madrid, were postponed.[57]

The electric grid suffered grave damage, and natural gas distribution services were suspended for safety reasons.[58] The monetary damage caused by the floods was expected to be the worst in Spanish history, superseding the 1983 Spanish floods.[59]

Response

[edit]

The Spanish government established a crisis committee to coordinate the national response to the disaster, with Prime Minister Pedro Sánchez publicly noting his monitoring of damage reports and missing persons updates. The Military Emergencies Unit was deployed to Valencia to aid rescue efforts. Emergency responders needed to use helicopters to lift trapped residents in Álora, Andalusia from a nearby swollen river.[38] King Felipe VI expressed his "desolation and concern at the tragedy" and "together with the Queen, we wish to convey our condolences to all the families affected who have lost loved ones and who still do not know what has happened to their relatives" and held a video conference with the Military Emergency Unit.[60][61] Three days of mourning were declared nationwide, from 31 October to 2 November.[62]

President of the Government of Catalonia Salvador Illa sent all of its "support and solidarity" to all affected by the floods, whilst it was reported that the Support Group for Special Operations [ca] (GRAE) of the Corps of Firefighters of Catalonia was assembling in Terres de l'Ebre waiting approval of the Valencian Government to come in to help. In one instance on 30 October, GRAE sent a rescue team with doctors and half-way through were ordered to back off by political orders, prompting members of the corps to decry Carlos Mazón's "prioritization of politics above rescue and helping victims" while accepting help from firefighters from the Community of Madrid and Asturias.[63] On 1 November, after 48 hours of refusing Catalan aid, they were finally cleared to come in.[64] Other regional governments, such as those from the Community of Madrid, Asturias and Navarre, also sent numerous resources to the region.[65][66][67]

Valencian regional president Carlos Mazón reported that a number of residents were unaccounted for due to living in isolated areas rendered inaccessible to emergency rescuers due to flood damage. Mayor of Utiel Ricardo Gabaldon reported that water levels in the city rose to three meters, leaving several residents trapped in their homes and several others unaccounted for. He described 29 October as "the worst day of my life".[46]

The Mazón administration has been criticised for its management of the response to the flooding. Compromís spokesperson Àgueda Micó [es; ca] held Mazón personally responsible for the deaths caused by the floods and accused him of "shirking his responsibilities".[68] Alberto Núñez Feijóo, the leader of the People's Party to which Mazón belongs defended the conduct of the Valencian president and instead held AEMET responsible for failing to promptly alert Valencians.[69] Feijóo's comments were contradicted by the timeline of events: AEMET issued its first red weather warning at 07:36; at 13:00, Mazón downplayed the severity of the storm and claimed it would dissipate by 18:00.[70] Meteorologists criticised Feijóo for questioning the AEMET's work, which they warned could cultivate distrust in weather warnings and put people at further risk.[71] Twenty Valencian civic organisations and trade unions have called for Mazón to resign.[72]

On 1 November it was reported that French Minister of the Interior Bruno Retailleau had offered a contingent of firefighters to help with the relief effort, with Spanish Minister of the Interior Fernando Grande-Marlaska rejecting the offers due to the fact that currently the Valencian regional government is still in charge of managing the crisis and hadn't asked yet to elevate decision-making to the central government.[73][74]

German climatologist Friederike Otto of the Centre for Environmental Policy said that there was "no doubt" that the heavy rain had been aggravated by climate change.[75] Italian climatologist Stefano Materia also attributed the severity of the flooding to the effects of climate change and described the current Mediterranean as a "timebomb".[76] According to an analysis by Climate Central, the floods were influenced by the rising temperature of the Atlantic Ocean.[77]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b Kassam, Ashifa (1 November 2024). "Spain floods disaster: death toll rises to 205 as extra troops mobilised". The Guardian. Retrieved 1 November 2024.
  2. ^ "Spain's deadliest floods in decades: Death toll reaches 205 as temporary morgue opens". ITVX. 1 November 2024. Retrieved 1 November 2024.
  3. ^ "La primera gran riada en la historia de Valencia fue en 1517: derribó tres puentes de cinco y hubo cientos de muertos" [The first major flood in the history of Valencia was in 1517: it destroyed three of the five bridges and left hundreds dead.]. El Español (in Spanish). 30 October 2024. Retrieved 31 October 2024.
  4. ^ Carrión, R.; Nicasio, B. (13 August 2007). "Hasta aquí llegó la riada" [This is where the flood came]. ABC (in Spanish). Retrieved 31 October 2024.
  5. ^ Martínez, Laura (30 October 2024). "Qué era la Unidad Valenciana de Emergencias, el servicio de coordinación que Mazón suspendió al llegar al Gobierno" [What was the Valencian Emergency Unit, the coordination service that Mazón suspended when he took office?]. elDiario.es (in Spanish). Retrieved 30 October 2024.
  6. ^ "Un experto de AEMET avisó hace cinco días del peligro que suponía esta DANA y fue ridiculizado en redes sociales" [An AEMET expert warned five days ago of the danger posed by this DANA and was ridiculed on social networks]. elDiario.es (in Spanish). 30 October 2024. Retrieved 31 October 2024.
  7. ^ a b "La peor gota fría en décadas devasta Valencia con al menos 70 víctimas mortales, decenas de desaparecidos y pueblos anegados" [Worst cold snap in decades devastates Valencia with at least 70 dead, dozens missing and villages flooded]. Artículo 14 (in Spanish). 30 October 2024. Retrieved 30 October 2024.
  8. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Pitarch, Sergi (30 October 2024). "Cronología de una alerta que llegó tarde: "Cuando Utiel y Requena se inundan, se sabe lo que va a pasar después río abajo"" [Chronology of a warning that came too late: "When Utiel and Requena are flooded, you know what will happen next downstream"]. elDiario.es (in Spanish). Retrieved 31 October 2024.
  9. ^ "At least 51 dead in Spain after heavy rain causes flooding". euronews. 30 October 2024. Retrieved 30 October 2024.
  10. ^ Pitarch, Sergi (31 October 2024). "La Diputación de Valencia cerró sus centros de trabajo por la DANA seis horas antes de la alerta por SMS a la población" [The Deputation of Valencia closed its workplaces due to the DANA six hours before the SMS alert to the population]. elDiario.es (in Spanish). Retrieved 1 November 2024.
  11. ^ a b c "El efecto embudo y el brutal caudal de la rambla del Poyo, claves en el desastre" [The funnel effect and the brutal flow of the Poyo ravine, key to the disaster]. Levante-EMV (in Spanish). 31 October 2024. Retrieved 31 October 2024.
  12. ^ "Mazón borra el tuit en el que el martes afirmaba que el temporal disminuiría de intensidad a las 18.00 horas" [Mazón deletes the tweet in which he stated on Tuesday that the storm would diminish in intensity at 18.00 hours.]. elDiario.es (in Spanish). 30 October 2024. Retrieved 31 October 2024.
  13. ^ Torres, Andoni (30 October 2024). "Así está el nuevo cauce del Turia a su paso por Valencia: una imagen nunca vista" [This is how the new Turia's riverbed in Valencia is: a never-seen-before image]. Las Provincias (in Spanish). Retrieved 30 October 2024.
  14. ^ Kassam, Ashifa (31 October 2024). "'It was a trap': flood alert came too late for residents of Paiporta, Spain". The Guardian. Retrieved 1 November 2024.
  15. ^ Lorao, David (30 October 2024). "Se confirma la tragedia: al menos 62 muertos por la DANA en Valencia" [Tragedy is confirmed: at least 62 dead because of the cold drop in Valencia]. Artículo14 (in Spanish). Retrieved 30 October 2024.
  16. ^ Olmos, Isabel (30 October 2024). "Riada en València: La alarma sonó demasiado tarde" [River overflow in Valencia: the alarm sounded too late]. Levante (in Spanish). Retrieved 30 October 2024.
  17. ^ Jiménez Troyano, Andrea (29 October 2024). "Los estragos del temporal en Málaga a causa de la fuerte tormenta: desprendimientos e inundaciones en la capital" [The havoc of the storm in Málaga: landslides and flooding in the capital city]. El Español (in Spanish). Retrieved 30 October 2024.
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  19. ^ Sánchez, Nacho (29 October 2024). "Granizos como pelotas de golf en El Ejido: "Parecía el fin del mundo"" [Hail like golf balls in El Ejido: "It looked like the end of the world"]. El País (in Spanish). Retrieved 30 October 2024.
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  21. ^ Europa Press (29 October 2024). "Más de un centenar de incidencias por el temporal de lluvia y granizo en Almería" [More than a hundred incidents caused by the rain and hail storm in Almería]. Diario de Almería (in Spanish). Retrieved 30 October 2024.
  22. ^ a b c "Última hora de la DANA en Andalucía, en directo: inundaciones y carreteras cortadas por lluvias en Sevilla, Huelva, Málaga y Cádiz hoy" [Latest news from the DANA in Andalusia, live: floods and roads cut off by rain in Seville, Huelva, Malaga and Cadiz today]. ABC (in Spanish). 30 October 2024. Retrieved 30 October 2024.
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  25. ^ Poveda, Ismael (30 October 2024). "La DANA irrumpe en Aragón y provoca inundaciones en varias localidades de Teruel y Zaragoza" [The DANA bursts into Aragon and causes flooding in several towns in Teruel and Zaragoza]. El Mundo. Retrieved 30 October 2024.
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  27. ^ a b "Vecinos de Letur tras la tragedia". ABC. 31 October 2024.
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  31. ^ "A DINA deixa xa 92 mortos só en Valencia; o Goberno decreta tres días de loito oficial" [The DANA already leaves 92 dead in Valencia alone; the Government decrees three days of official mourning]. G24 (in Galician). 30 October 2024. Retrieved 30 October 2024.
  32. ^ López, Adriana; Martínez, Marta; Vargas, Lino (31 October 2024). "Los muertos ascienden a 158 y el temporal pone en alerta máxima a Castellón y al sur de Tarragona" [Death toll rises to 158 and storm puts Castellón and southern Tarragona on high alert]. El Confidencial (in Spanish). Retrieved 31 October 2024.
  33. ^ Marco, Lucas (1 November 2024). "El acta de la reunión de crisis entre Mazón y Marlaska: 1.900 personas denunciadas como desaparecidas en el 112" [The minutes of the crisis meeting between Mazón and Marlaska: 1,900 people reported missing at 112]. elDiario.es (in Spanish). Retrieved 1 November 2024.
  34. ^ Otopeanu, Cristian (30 October 2024). "6 români găsiți în viață, 16 români rămân dispăruți în inundațiile din Spania, anunță MAE" [6 Romanians found alive, 16 Romanians remain missing in floods in Spain, announces MAE]. Libertatea (in Romanian).
  35. ^ Navarro Castelló, Carlos (31 October 2024). "José Ángel Núñez, de AEMET: "La mayoría de personas murieron en zonas donde no llovía. Hay que hacer una reflexión"" [José Ángel Núñez of the AEMET: "Most people died in areas where it didn't rain. We need to reflect"]. elDiario.es (in Spanish). Retrieved 1 November 2024.
  36. ^ "Confimaron la muerte del primer colombiano por la DANA en Valencia, España". Infobae (in Spanish). 31 October 2024.
  37. ^ "Varios países están pendientes de la identificación de las víctimas de la DANA por si hubiera extranjeros entre ellas". Cadenaser (in Spanish). 31 October 2024.
  38. ^ a b "Dozens killed as heavy rains, flash floods slam Spain". France 24. 30 October 2024. Retrieved 30 October 2024.
  39. ^ Gonález, L; Quílez, S; Gómez, L; Fedriani, I (29 October 2024). "Inundaciones por la DANA, en directo" [Live: floods caused by the cold drop]. Radio-televisión española (in Spanish). Retrieved 30 October 2024.
  40. ^ @DGTes (30 October 2024). "📢⚠️ Actualizamos la información por DANA:⚫️ Valencia, cortadas: A-3, Chiva y Mislata. ➡️A-7, en La Alcudia, y Sagunto. ➡️V-30, Mislata. ➡️V-31 y CV-36, Horno de Alcedo y Silla. ➡️CV-35,Titaguas. ➡️N-3, Villar de Olmos y Utiel. ➡️CV-33, Torrent. ➡️CV-50, Alzira" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
  41. ^ Torres, Begoña (31 October 2024). "Metrovalencia tardará meses en recuperar el servicio entre la capital y los municipios del sur" [It will take months to restore normal Metrovalencia service to the southern municipalities] (in Spanish). Retrieved 1 November 2024.
  42. ^ "Atascos y retrasos en los vuelos por las intensas lluvias y la tormenta de rayos en Málaga" [Traffic jams and flight delays due to heavy rain and lightning in Malaga]. ABC (in Spanish). 29 October 2024. Retrieved 30 October 2024.
  43. ^ "Miles de valencianos se lanzan a la calle con palas y alimentos en ayuda de los damnificados" (in Spanish). La Vanguardia. 1 November 2024.
  44. ^ "Decenas de miles de voluntarios se auto organizan para ayudar en la zona cero de la riada: "¿Qué comida podéis hacer en casa? ¿Cuántos sois? ¿Estáis bien?"" (in Spanish). El Mundo. 1 November 2024.
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  57. ^ Valle, Conrado (31 October 2024). "Oficial: el Valencia-Real Madrid, aplazado por la DANA" [Valencia-Real Madrid, moved due to DANA]. Diario AS (in Spanish). Retrieved 31 October 2024.
  58. ^ @generalitat (31 October 2024). "La Generalitat coordina amb les companyies energètiques els treballs per al restabliment del subministrament Municipis afectats per la #DANA La xarxa elèctrica està greument danyada Talls de subministrament de gas per a garantir la seguretat @GVAinicotur" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
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  62. ^ Romero, Patricia (30 October 2024). "El Gobierno decreta luto oficial y declarará la zona como «altamente afectada por fenómeno natural»" [The government declares official mourning period and will declare the zone as "highly affected by a natural phenomena"]. ABC (in Spanish). Retrieved 30 October 2024.
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  69. ^ Riveiro, Aitor (31 October 2024). "Feijóo sale en defensa de Mazón y cuestiona las previsiones de la AEMET sobre la DANA" [Feijóo comes to Mazón's defence and questions the AEMET's forecasts on the DANA.]. elDiario.es (in Spanish). Retrieved 31 October 2024.
  70. ^ Fraguas, Toño (31 October 2024). "Los datos de la AEMET desmienten a Feijóo: la primera alerta se difundió a las 7.36 del martes" [The AEMET data refutes Feijóo: the first alert was issued at 7.36 a.m. on Tuesday]. elDiario.es (in Spanish). Retrieved 31 October 2024.
  71. ^ Martínez Ron, Antonio (1 November 2024). "Los científicos advierten: cuestionar a la AEMET, como ha hecho Feijóo, nos pone a todos en peligro" [Scientists warn: questioning AEMET, as Feijóo has done, puts us all in danger]. elDiario.es (in Spanish). Retrieved 1 November 2024.
  72. ^ "Convocada la primera manifestación para exigir la dimisión de Carlos Mazón" [First demonstration called to demand the resignation of Carlos Mazón]. El Salto (in Spanish). 31 October 2024. Retrieved 1 November 2024.
  73. ^ "Marlaska rechaza 200 bomberos ofrecidos por Francia por la DANA: "De momento no es necesario"" (in Spanish). elnacional.cat. 1 November 2024.
  74. ^ "Francia asegura que ofreció ayuda con el envío de 250 bomberos a Valencia y que España la rechazó: "Gracias, pero ahora no hace falta"" (in Spanish). El Mundo. 1 November 2024.
  75. ^ Kassam, Ashifa; Ali, Faisal (1 November 2024). "Why were the floods in Spain so bad? A visual guide". The Guardian. Retrieved 1 November 2024.
  76. ^ Niranjan, Ajit (30 October 2024). "Spain's deadly floods and droughts are two faces of the climate crisis coin". The Guardian. Retrieved 31 October 2024.
  77. ^ "Analysis: Valencia floods fueled by ocean warming in the Tropical Atlantic linked to climate change". Climate Central. 31 October 2024. Retrieved 31 October 2024.
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