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List of most massive neutron stars

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Below is a list of high-mass neutron stars.

Name Mass
(M☉) 		Distance
(ly) 		Companion class Mass determination method Notes Refs.
PSR J1748-2021B 2.548+0.047
−0.078		 27,700 D Rate of advance of periastron. In globular cluster NGC 6440. [1][2][3][4]
4U 1700-37 2.44±0.27 6,910 ± 1,120 O6.5Iaf+ Monte Carlo simulations of thermal comptonization process. HMXB system. [5][6]
PSR J0952–0607 2.35±0.17 3,200–5,700 Substellar object Radio-measured Shapiro delay Black widow pulsar. Fastest spinning galactic pulsar. [7]
PSR J1311–3430 2.15–2.7 6,500–12,700 Substellar object Spectroscopic and photometric observation. Black widow pulsar. [8][9]
PSR J1600−3053 2.3+0.7
−0.6		 6,500 ± 1,000 D Fourier analysis of Shapiro delay's orthometric ratio. [10][11]
PSR J2215+5135 2.27+0.17
−0.15		 10,000 G5V Innovative measurement of companion's radial velocity. Redback pulsar. [12]
XMMU J013236.7+303228 2.2+0.8
−0.6		 2,730,000 B1.5IV Detailed spectroscopic modelling. In M33, HMXB system. [13]
PSR J0751+1807 2.10±0.2 6,500 ± 1,300 D Precision pulse timing measurements of relativistic orbital decay. [14]
PSR J0740+6620 2.08±0.07 4,600 D Range and shape parameter of Shapiro delay. Most massive neutron star with a well-constrained mass. [15][16][17]
PSR J0348+0432 2.01±0.04 2,100 D Spectroscopic observation and orbital decay due to radiation of gravitational waves. [10][18]
PSR B1516+02B 1.94+0.17
−0.19		 24,500 D Rate of advance of periastron. In globular cluster M5. [10][19]
PSR J1614−2230 1.908±0.016 3,900 D Range and shape parameter of Shapiro delay. In Milky Way's galactic disk. [10][11][20]
Vela X-1 1.88±0.13 6,200 ± 650 B0.5Ib Rate of advance of periastron. Prototypical detached HMXB system. [21]
PSR B1957+20 1.81±0.17 6,500 Substellar object Rate of advance of periastron. Prototype star of black widow pulsars. [22][23][24]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Jiang, Jin-Liang; Tang, Shao-Peng; Wang, Yuan-Zhu; Fan, Yi-Zhong; Wei, Da-Ming (20 March 2020). "Joint Constraints on Equation of State and Bulk Properties of Neutron Stars / 1.Introduction… PSR J1748-2021B = 2.548+0.047
    −0.078     M☉    "    . The American Astronomical Society (Astrophysical Journal). 892:55 (1): 1. arXiv:1912.07467. Bibcode:2020ApJ...892...55J. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab77cf.
  2. ^ Clifford, Nicholas; Scott, M.Ransom (13 May 2019). "Long-Term Timing of Pulsars in NGC 6440: An Updated Mass Limit of Millisecond Pulsar J1748-2021B" (PDF). www.virginia.edu. University of Virginia – Department of Astronomy, Charlottesville.
  3. ^ Rocha, Livia Silva; Bachega, R.R.A; Horvath, J.E; Moraes, P.H.R.S (15 Jul 2021). "The maximum mass of neutron stars may be higher than expected: an inference from binary systems / IV.Conclusions… PSR J1748-2021B = 2.59±0.08 M☉". University of São Paulo (USP). arXiv:2107.08822. Bibcode:2021arXiv210708822R.
  4. ^ Lattimer, James M. (2015-02-25). "Introduction to Neutron Stars". AIP Conference Proceedings. 1645 (1): 61–78. Bibcode:2015AIPC.1645...61L. doi:10.1063/1.4909560.
  5. ^ Clark, J. S.; Goodwin, S. P.; Crowther, P. A.; Kaper, L.; Fairbairn, M.; Langer, N.; Brocksopp, C. (2002). "Physical parameters of the high-mass X-ray binary 4U1700-37". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 392 (3): 909–920. arXiv:astro-ph/0207334. Bibcode:2002A&A...392..909C. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20021184. S2CID 119552560.
  6. ^ Martinez-Chicharro, M.; Torrej ́on, J. M.; Oskinova, L.; F ̈urst, F.; Postnov, K.; Rodes-Roca, J. J.; Hainich, R.; Bodaghee, A. (2018). "Evidence of Compton cooling during an X-ray flare supports a neutron star nature of the compact object in 4U1700−37". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters. 473 (1): L74–L78. arXiv:1710.01907. Bibcode:2018MNRAS.473L..74M. doi:10.1093/mnrasl/slx165. S2CID 56539478.
  7. ^ Romani, Roger W.; Kandel, D.; Filippenko, Alexei V.; Brink, Thomas G.; Zheng, WeiKang (2022-08-01). "PSR J0952−0607: The Fastest and Heaviest Known Galactic Neutron Star". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 934 (2): L17. arXiv:2207.05124. Bibcode:2022ApJ...934L..17R. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ac8007. ISSN 2041-8205. S2CID 250451299.
  8. ^ Romani, Roger W.; Filippenko, Alexei V.; Silverman, Jeffery M.; Cenko, S. Bradley; Greiner, Jochen; Rau, Arne; Elliott, Jonathan; Pletsch, Holger J. (2012-10-25). "PSR J1311-3430: A Heavyweight Neutron Star with a Flyweight Helium Companion". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 760 (2): L36. arXiv:1210.6884. Bibcode:2012ApJ...760L..36R. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/760/2/L36. S2CID 56207483.
  9. ^ Romani, Roger W. (2012-10-01). "2FGL J1311.7−3429 Joins the Black Widow club". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 754 (2): L25. arXiv:1207.1736. Bibcode:2012ApJ...754L..25R. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/754/2/L25. S2CID 119262868.
  10. ^ a b c d Elavsky, F; Geller, A. "Masses in the Stellar Graveyard". Northwestern University.
  11. ^ a b Arzoumanian, Zaven; Brazier, Adam; Burke-Spolaor, Sarah; Chamberlin, Sydney; Chatterjee, Shami; Christy, Brian; Cordes, James M.; Cornish, Neil J.; Crawford, Fronefield; Cromartie, H. Thankful (2018). "The NANOGrav 11-year Data Set: High-precision Timing of 45 Millisecond Pulsars". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 235 (2): 37. arXiv:1801.01837. Bibcode:2018ApJS..235...37A. doi:10.3847/1538-4365/aab5b0. hdl:1959.3/443169. S2CID 13739724.
  12. ^ Linares, M.; Shahbaz, T.; Casares, J.; Grossan, Bruce (2018). "Peering into the Dark Side: Magnesium Lines Establish a Massive Neutron Star in PSR J2215+5135". The Astrophysical Journal. 859 (1): 54. arXiv:1805.08799. Bibcode:2018ApJ...859...54L. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aabde6. S2CID 73601673.
  13. ^ Bhalerao, Varun B.; Van Kerkwijk, Marten H.; Harrison, Fiona A. (2012). "Constraints on the Compact Object Mass in the Eclipsing High-mass X-Ray Binary XMMU J013236.7+303228 in M 33". The Astrophysical Journal. 757 (1): 10. arXiv:1207.0008. Bibcode:2012ApJ...757...10B. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/757/1/10. S2CID 29852395.
  14. ^ Nice, David J.; Splaver, Eric M.; Stairs, Ingrid H.; Loehmer, Oliver; Jessner, Axel; Kramer, Michael; Cordes, James M. (2005). "A 2.1 Solar Mass Pulsar Measured by Relativistic Orbital Decay". The Astrophysical Journal. 634 (2): 1242–1249. arXiv:astro-ph/0508050. Bibcode:2005ApJ...634.1242N. doi:10.1086/497109. S2CID 16597533.
  15. ^ Fonseca, E.; Cromartie, H. T.; Pennucci, T. T.; Ray, P. S.; Kirichenko, A. Yu; Ransom, S. M.; Demorest, P. B.; Stairs, I. H.; Arzoumanian, Z.; Guillemot, L.; Parthasarathy, A. (1 July 2021). "Refined Mass and Geometric Measurements of the High-mass PSR J0740+6620". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 915 (1): L12. arXiv:2104.00880. Bibcode:2021ApJ...915L..12F. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ac03b8. ISSN 2041-8205. S2CID 233004363.
  16. ^ Kohler, Susanna (16 August 2021). "Reweighing a Heavy Neutron Star". Retrieved 2021-08-20.
  17. ^ Cromartie, H. T.; Fonseca, E.; Ransom, S. M.; et al. (2019). "Relativistic Shapiro delay measurements of an extremely massive millisecond pulsar". Nature Astronomy. 4: 72–76. arXiv:1904.06759. Bibcode:2020NatAs...4...72C. doi:10.1038/s41550-019-0880-2. S2CID 118647384.
  18. ^ Demorest, P. B.; Pennucci, T.; Ransom, S. M.; Roberts, M. S. E.; Hessels, J. W. T. (2010). "A two-solar-mass neutron star measured using Shapiro delay". Nature. 467 (7319): 1081–1083. arXiv:1010.5788. Bibcode:2010Natur.467.1081D. doi:10.1038/nature09466. PMID 20981094. S2CID 205222609.
  19. ^ Freire, Paulo C. C. (2008). "Super-Massive Neutron Stars". AIP Conference Proceedings. 983: 459–463. arXiv:0712.0024. Bibcode:2008AIPC..983..459F. doi:10.1063/1.2900274. S2CID 18565598.
  20. ^ Crawford, F.; Roberts, M. S. E.; Hessels, J. W. T.; Ransom, S. M.; Livingstone, M.; Tam, C. R.; Kaspi, V. M. (2006). "A Survey of 56 Midlatitude EGRET Error Boxes for Radio Pulsars". The Astrophysical Journal. 652 (2): 1499–1507. arXiv:astro-ph/0608225. Bibcode:2006ApJ...652.1499C. doi:10.1086/508403. S2CID 522064.
  21. ^ Quaintrell, H.; et al. (2003). "The mass of the neutron star in Vela X-1 and tidally induced non-radial oscillations in GP Vel". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 401: 313–324. arXiv:astro-ph/0301243. Bibcode:2003A&A...401..313Q. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20030120. S2CID 5602110.
  22. ^ Van Kerkwijk, M. H.; Breton, R. P.; Kulkarni, S. R. (2011). "Evidence for a Massive Neutron Star from a Radial-Velocity Study of the Companion to the Black-Widow Pulsar Psr B1957+20". The Astrophysical Journal. 728 (2): 95. arXiv:1009.5427. Bibcode:2011ApJ...728...95V. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/728/2/95. S2CID 37759376.
  23. ^ Clark, C. J.; Kerr, M.; Barr, E. D.; Bhattacharyya, B.; Breton, R. P.; Bruel, P.; Camilo, F.; Chen, W.; Cognard, I.; Cromartie, H. T.; Deneva, J.; Dhillon, V. S.; Guillemot, L.; Kennedy, M. R.; Kramer, M. (2023-01-26). "Neutron star mass estimates from gamma-ray eclipses in spider millisecond pulsar binaries". Nature Astronomy. 7 (4): 451–462. arXiv:2301.10995. Bibcode:2023NatAs...7..451C. doi:10.1038/s41550-022-01874-x. ISSN 2397-3366. PMC 10119022. PMID 37096051. S2CID 256274563.
  24. ^ "Gamma-ray eclipses shed new light on spider pulsars". www.aei.mpg.de. Retrieved 2023-01-27.
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