List of battery electric vehicles
(Redirected from List of modern production plug-in electric vehicles)
 | This article needs additional citations for verification. (August 2022) |
Battery electric vehicles are vehicles exclusively using chemical energy stored in rechargeable battery packs, with no secondary source of propulsion (e.g., hydrogen fuel cell, internal combustion engine, etc.). The following list includes mass-produced vehicles, formerly produced vehicles, and planned vehicles.
Production models
[edit]Highway-capable automobiles
[edit]Highway-capable battery electric automobiles capable of 100 km/h (62 mph) highway speed:
Outside the Chinese market
[edit]Production highway-capable battery electric automobiles originating outside the Chinese market, both dedicated battery electric vehicles (without an ICE-powered counterpart sharing the same body) or non-dedicated battery electric vehicles (based on an ICE-powered vehicle):
| Model | Calendar year produced |
Body style | Platform | Dedicated battery electric vehicle?[nb 1] |
Manufacturer | Marque origin |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aspark Owl | 2021 | Coupé | Yes | Aspark | Japan | |
| Audi e-tron GT | 2021 | Sedan | J1[2] | Yes | Audi | Germany |
| Audi Q4 e-tron | 2021 | Crossover SUV | MEB[3] | Yes | Audi | Germany |
| Audi Q6 e-tron | 2024 | Crossover SUV | PPE | Yes | Audi | Germany |
| Audi Q8 e-tron | 2018 | Crossover SUV | MLB evo[4] | Yes | Audi | Germany |
| Abarth 500e | 2020 | Hatchback | Yes | Stellantis | Italy | |
| Acura ZDX | 2024 | Crossover SUV | BEV3 | Yes | Acura (produced by General Motors) | Japan |
| Alpine A290 | 2024 | Hatchback | CMF–B EV / AmpR Small | Yes | Alpine/Renault | France |
| Alfa Romeo 33 Stradale EV | 2024 | Sports Car | No | Stellantis | Italy | |
| Alfa Romeo Junior | 2024 | Crossover SUV | eCMP/ CMP | No | Stellantis | Italy |
| BMW i4 | 2021 | Liftback | CLAR[5] | No | BMW | Germany |
| BMW i5 | 2023 | Sedan | CLAR | No | BMW | Germany |
| BMW i5 Touring | 2024 | Station wagon | CLAR | No | BMW | Germany |
| BMW i7 | 2022 | Sedan | CLAR | No | BMW | Germany |
| BMW iX | 2021 | Crossover SUV | iX[6] | Yes | BMW | Germany |
| BMW iX1 | 2022 | Crossover SUV | UKL2 | No | BMW | Germany |
| BMW iX2 | 2023 | Crossover SUV | UKL2 | No | BMW | Germany |
| BMW iX3 | 2020 | Crossover SUV | CLAR[7] | No | BMW | Germany |
| Chevrolet BrightDrop | 2022 | Van | BT1 | Yes | General Motors | United States |
| Cadillac Lyriq | 2022 | Crossover SUV | BEV3[8] | Yes | General Motors | United States |
| Cadillac Optiq | 2023 | Crossover SUV | BEV3 | Yes | General Motors | United States |
| Cadillac Celestiq | 2024 | Liftback | BEV3 | Yes | General Motors | United States |
| Chevrolet BrightDrop | 2022 | Van | BT1 | Yes | General Motors | United States |
| Chevrolet Blazer EV | 2023 | Crossover SUV | BEV3 | Yes | General Motors | United States |
| Chevrolet Equinox EV | 2024 | Crossover SUV | BEV3 | Yes | General Motors | United States |
| Chevrolet Silverado EV | 2023 | Pickup truck | BT1 | Yes | General Motors | United States |
| Cupra Born | 2021 | Hatchback | MEB | Yes | SEAT | Spain |
| Cupra Tavascan | 2023 | Crossover SUV | MEB | Yes | SEAT | Spain |
| CMC E300 | 2018 | Van and Truck | No | CMC | Taiwan | |
| Citroën e-Berlingo | 2021 | Van | EMP2 | No | Stellantis | France |
| Citroën ë-C3 (Europe) | 2023 | Hatchback | Smart Car | No | Stellantis | France |
| Citroën ë-C3 (India) | 2023 | Hatchback | Smart Car | No | Stellantis | France |
| Citroën ë-C4 | 2021 | Crossover SUV | eCMP | No | Stellantis | France |
| Citroën ë-C4 X | 2022 | Crossover SUV | eCMP | No | Stellantis | France |
| Citroën ë-Jumper/Relay | 2021 | Van | No | Stellantis | France | |
| Citroën ë-Jumpy/Dispatch/SpaceTourer | 2021 | Van | EMP2 | No | Stellantis | France |
| DS 3 Crossback E-Tense | 2019 | Crossover SUV | eCMP | No | Stellantis | France |
| DS 7 Crossback E-Tense | 2017 | Crossover SUV | EMP2 platform | No | Stellantis | France |
| Dodge Charger Daytona EV | 2024 | Liftback | STLA Large | No | Stellantis | United States |
| Dacia Spring Electric | 2021 | Hatchback | CMFA-EV[9] | No | Dacia/Renault | Romania |
| Fiat e-Ducato | 2021 | Van | No | Stellantis | Italy | |
| Fiat e-Scudo/e-Ulysse | 2022 | Van | EMP2 | No | Stellantis | Italy |
| Fiat 500e | 2020 | Hatchback | Yes | Stellantis | Italy | |
| Fiat 600e | 2023 | Crossover SUV | eCMP / CMP | No | Stellantis | Italy |
| Fiat Grande Panda | 2024 | Hatchback | Smart Car | No | Stellantis | Italy |
| Faraday Future FF 91 | 2023 | Crossover SUV | Yes | Faraday Future | United States | |
| Ford Capri EV | 2024 | Crossover SUV | MEB | Yes | Ford | United States |
| Ford E-Transit | 2021 | Van | No | Ford | United States | |
| Ford E-Transit Courier | 2023 | Van | Ford Global B-car | No | Ford | United States |
| Ford E-Transit Custom | 2021 | Van | Ford Pro | No | Ford | United States |
| Ford F-150 Lightning | 2022 | Pickup truck | No | Ford | United States | |
| Ford Mustang Mach-E | 2020 | Crossover SUV | GE1[10] | Yes | Ford | United States |
| Ford Explorer EV | 2024 | Crossover SUV | MEB | Yes | Ford | United States |
| Foxtron Model C | 2023 | Crossover SUV | Foxtron MIH | Yes | Foxtron | Taiwan |
| Genesis Electrified G80 | 2021 | Sedan | M3 | No | Genesis Motor | South Korea |
| Genesis Electrified GV70 | 2022 | Crossover SUV | M3 | No | Genesis Motor | South Korea |
| Genesis GV60 | 2021 | Crossover SUV | E-GMP[11] | Yes | Genesis Motor | South Korea |
| GMC Sierra EV | 2023 | Pickup truck | BT1 | Yes | General Motors | United States |
| GMC Hummer EV | 2022 | Pickup truck and SUV | BT1[12] | Yes | General Motors | United States |
| Honda e:Ny1/e:N1 | 2023 | Crossover SUV | No | Honda | Japan | |
| Honda Prologue | 2023 | Crossover SUV | BEV3 | Yes | Honda (produced by General Motors) | Japan |
| Honda N-Van e: | 2024 | Microvan | No | Honda | Japan | |
| Hyundai Casper Electric / Inster | 2024 | Hatchback | Hyundai-Kia K1 | No | Hyundai | South Korea |
| Hyundai Ioniq 5 | 2021 | Crossover SUV | E-GMP[13] | Yes | Hyundai | South Korea |
| Hyundai Ioniq 6 | 2022 | Sedan | E-GMP | Yes | Hyundai | South Korea |
| Hyundai Kona Electric | 2019 | Crossover SUV | No | Hyundai | South Korea | |
| Hyundai Porter2 Electric | 2019 | Pickup truck | No | Hyundai | South Korea | |
| Hyundai ST1 | 2024 | Pickup truck / cab chassis | Hyundai-Kia N3 | No | Hyundai | South Korea |
| Iveco eMoovy | 2024 | Pickup truck / cab chassis | No | Iveco | Italy | |
| Jaguar I-Pace | 2018 | Crossover SUV | D7e[14] | Yes | Jaguar Land Rover | United Kingdom |
| Jeep Avenger | 2023 | Crossover SUV | eCMP / STLA Small | No | Stellantis | United States |
| Kia Bongo EV | 2020 | Pickup truck | No | Kia | South Korea | |
| Kia EV3 | 2024 | Crossover SUV | E-GMP | Yes | Kia | South Korea |
| Kia EV6 | 2021 | Crossover SUV | E-GMP[15] | Yes | Kia | South Korea |
| Kia EV9 | 2023 | Crossover SUV | E-GMP | Yes | Kia | South Korea |
| Kia Niro EV/e-Niro | 2018 | Crossover SUV | No | Kia | South Korea | |
| Kia Ray EV | 2012 | MPV/minivan | No | Kia | South Korea | |
| KGM Korando e-Motion | 2022 | Crossover SUV | No | KG Mobility | South Korea | |
| KGM Torres EVX | 2023 | Crossover SUV | No | KG Mobility | South Korea | |
| Lexus RZ | 2022 | Crossover SUV | e-TNGA | Yes | Toyota | Japan |
| Lexus UX 300e | 2020 | Crossover SUV | TNGA: GA-C[16] | No | Toyota | Japan |
| Lotus Eletre | 2023 | Crossover SUV | EPA[17] | Yes | Lotus Cars | United Kingdom |
| Lotus Emeya | 2024 | Liftback | EPA[17] | Yes | Lotus Cars | United Kingdom |
| Lotus Evija | 2023 | Coupé | Extreme[18] | Yes | Lotus Cars | United Kingdom |
| LEVC L380 | 2024 | MPV/minivan | SOA | Yes | LEVC (produced by Geely) | United Kingdom |
| Lucid Air | 2021 | Sedan | Yes | Lucid Motors | United States | |
| Luxgen n7 | 2024 | Crossover SUV | Foxtron MIH | Yes | Yulon Motors | Taiwan |
| Lancia Ypsilon | 2024 | Hatchback | eCMP | No | Stellantis | Italy |
| Mahindra XUV400 | 2022 | Crossover SUV | No | Mahindra | India | |
| Maserati Grecale Folgore | 2023 | Crossover SUV | FCA Giorgio | No | Stellantis | Italy |
| Maserati GranTurismo Folgore | 2023 | Coupé | Giorgio Sport | No | Stellantis | Italy |
| Maserati GranCabrio Folgore | 2024 | Convertible | Giorgio Sport | No | Stellantis | Italy |
| Mazda MX-30 | 2020 | Crossover SUV | e-Skyactiv | No | Mazda | Japan |
| Mercedes-Benz EQA | 2021 | Crossover SUV | MFA2 | No | Mercedes-Benz Group | Germany |
| Mercedes-Benz EQB | 2021 | Crossover SUV | MFA2 | No | Mercedes-Benz Group | Germany |
| Mercedes-Benz EQE | 2022 | Sedan | EVA | Yes | Mercedes-Benz Group | Germany |
| Mercedes-Benz EQE SUV | 2022 | Crossover SUV | EVA | Yes | Mercedes-Benz Group | Germany |
| Mercedes-Benz EQS | 2021 | Liftback | MEA | Yes | Mercedes-Benz Group | Germany |
| Mercedes-Benz EQS SUV | 2022 | Crossover SUV | MEA | Yes | Mercedes-Benz Group | Germany |
| Mercedes-Benz EQT | 2023 | Van | Renault–Nissan CMF-CD | No | Mercedes-Benz Group | Germany |
| Mercedes-Benz EQV | 2020 | MPV/minivan | No | Mercedes-Benz Group | Germany | |
| Mercedes-Benz eVito | 2020 | MPV/minivan | No | Mercedes-Benz Group | Germany | |
| Mercedes-Benz eSprinter | 2019 | Van | No | Mercedes-Benz Group | Germany | |
| Mercedes-Benz G 580 | 2024 | SUV | No | Mercedes-Benz Group | Germany | |
| Mini Cooper E/SE | 2023 | Hatchback | No | Mini/BMW | United Kingdom | |
| Mini Countryman E/SE | 2023 | Crossover SUV | UKL2 | No | Mini/BMW | United Kingdom |
| Mini Aceman | 2024 | Crossover SUV | Yes | Mini/BMW | United Kingdom | |
| Mitsubishi eK X EV | 2022 | Hatchback | KEI-EV | No | NMKV | Japan |
| Mitsubishi Minicab MiEV | 2011 | Van | No | Mitsubishi Motors | Japan | |
| Moskvitch 3e | 2022 | Crossover SUV | No | Moskvitch | Russia | |
| MAN eTGE | 2018 | Van | No | MAN Truck & Bus | Russia | |
| Nissan Ariya | 2021 | Crossover SUV | CMF-EV | Yes | Nissan | Japan |
| Nissan Townstar EV | 2021 | Van | CMF-CD | No | Nissan (produced by Renault) | Japan |
| Nissan Leaf | 2010 | Hatchback | Yes | Nissan | Japan | |
| Nissan Sakura | 2022 | Hatchback | KEI-EV | Yes | NMKV | Japan |
| Opel/Vauxhall Combo-e | 2021 | Van | EMP2 | No | Stellantis | Germany/United Kingdom |
| Opel/Vauxhall Corsa Electric | 2019 | Hatchback | eCMP[19] | No | Stellantis | Germany/United Kingdom |
| Opel/Vauxhall Mokka-e | 2020 | Crossover SUV | eCMP | No | Stellantis | Germany/United Kingdom |
| Opel/Vauxhall Frontera Electric | 2024 | Crossover SUV | Smart Car | No | Stellantis | Germany/United Kingdom |
| Opel/Vauxhall Grandland Electric | 2024 | Crossover SUV | STLA Medium | No | Stellantis | Germany/United Kingdom |
| Opel/Vauxhall Movano-e | 2021 | Van | No | Stellantis | Germany/United Kingdom | |
| Opel/Vauxhall Vivaro/Zafira-e | 2021 | Van | EMP2 | No | Stellantis | Germany/United Kingdom |
| Peugeot e-208 | 2019 | Hatchback | eCMP | No | Stellantis | France |
| Peugeot e-2008 | 2020 | Crossover SUV | eCMP | No | Stellantis | France |
| Peugeot e-3008 | 2024 | Crossover SUV | STLA Medium | No | Stellantis | France |
| Peugeot e-5008 | 2024 | Crossover SUV | STLA Medium | No | Stellantis | France |
| Peugeot e-308 | 2022 | Hatchback | EMP2 V3 | No | Stellantis | France |
| Peugeot e-308 SW | 2022 | Station wagon | EMP2 V3 | No | Stellantis | France |
| Peugeot e-408 | 2024 | Crossover SUV | EMP2 V3 | No | Stellantis | France |
| Peugeot e-Boxer | 2021 | Van | No | Stellantis | France | |
| Peugeot e-Expert/e-Traveller | 2021 | Van | EMP2 | No | Stellantis | France |
| Peugeot e-Rifter | 2021 | Van | EMP2 | No | Stellantis | France |
| Pininfarina Battista | 2022 | Coupé | Yes | Automobili Pininfarina | Germany/Italy | |
| Polestar 2 | 2020 | Liftback | CMA | Yes | Volvo Cars | Sweden |
| Polestar 3 | 2024 | Crossover SUV | SPA2 | Yes | Volvo Cars | Sweden |
| Polestar 4 | 2023 | Crossover SUV | SEA | Yes | Volvo Cars | Sweden |
| Porsche Macan (second generation) | 2024 | Crossover SUV | PPE | Yes | Porsche | Germany |
| Porsche Taycan | 2019 | Sedan and shooting brake | J1 | Yes | Porsche | Germany |
| Proton e.MAS 7 | 2025 | Crossover SUV | Geely (GEA) | Yes | Proton | Malaysia |
| Renault 5 E-Tech | 2024 | Hatchback | CMF–B EV / AmpR Small | Yes | Renault | France |
| Renault Kangoo E-Tech Electric | 2021 | Van | CMF-CD | No | Renault | France |
| Renault Master Z.E./E-Tech Electric | 2018 | Van | No | Renault | France | |
| Renault Trafic E-Tech | 2021 | Van | No | Renault | France | |
| Renault Megane E-Tech Electric | 2022 | Crossover SUV | CMF-EV | Yes | Renault | France |
| Renault Scenic E-Tech | 2024 | Crossover SUV | CMF-EV | Yes | Renault | France |
| Rimac Nevera | 2021 | Coupé | Yes | Rimac Automobili | Croatia | |
| Rivian EDV | 2021 | Van | Yes | Rivian | United States | |
| Rivian R1S | 2022 | SUV | Yes | Rivian | United States | |
| Rivian R1T | 2021 | Pickup truck | Yes | Rivian | United States | |
| Rolls-Royce Spectre | 2023 | Coupé | Architecture of Luxury | Yes | Rolls-Royce | United Kingdom |
| Škoda Enyaq | 2020 | Crossover SUV | MEB[20] | Yes | Škoda Auto | Czech Republic |
| Smart #1 | 2022 | Crossover SUV | SEA[21] | Yes | Smart Automobile (produced by Geely) | Germany |
| Smart #3 | 2023 | Crossover SUV | SEA | Yes | Smart Automobile (produced by Geely) | Germany |
| Subaru Solterra | 2022 | Crossover SUV | e-TNGA/e-SGP[22] | Yes | Subaru (produced by Toyota) | Japan |
| Tata Nexon.ev | 2020 | Crossover SUV | No | Tata Motors Cars | India | |
| Tata Punch.ev | 2024 | Crossover SUV | Acti.ev | No | Tata Motors Cars | India |
| Tata Harrier.ev | 2024 | Crossover SUV | No | Tata Motors Cars | India | |
| Tata Curvv.ev | 2024 | Crossover SUV | No | Tata Motors Cars | India | |
| Tata Tiago.ev | 2022 | Hatchback | No | Tata Motors Cars | India | |
| Tata Tigor EV | 2022 | Sedan | No | Tata Motors Cars | India | |
| Tesla Cybertruck | 2023 | Pickup | Yes | Tesla, Inc. | United States | |
| Tesla Model 3 | 2017 | Sedan | Model 3 | Yes | Tesla, Inc. | United States |
| Tesla Model S | 2012 | Liftback | Model S | Yes | Tesla, Inc. | United States |
| Tesla Model X | 2015 | Crossover SUV | Model S[23] | Yes | Tesla, Inc. | United States |
| Tesla Model Y | 2020 | Crossover SUV | Model 3[24] | Yes | Tesla, Inc. | United States |
| Togg T10X | 2022 | Crossover SUV | Yes | Togg | Turkey | |
| Toyota bZ4X | 2022 | Crossover SUV | e-TNGA[25] | Yes | Toyota | Japan |
| Toyota Proace City Electric | 2021 | Van | EMP2 | No | Toyota (produced by Stellantis) | Japan |
| Toyota Proace Electric | 2021 | Van | EMP2 | No | Toyota (produced by Stellantis) | Japan |
| Toyota Proace Max Electric | 2023 | Van | No | Toyota (produced by Stellantis) | Japan | |
| VinFast VF e34 | 2021 | Crossover SUV | Yes | VinFast | Vietnam | |
| VinFast VF 3 | 2024 | Crossover SUV | Yes | VinFast | Vietnam | |
| VinFast VF 5 | 2023 | Crossover SUV | Yes | VinFast | Vietnam | |
| VinFast VF 6 | 2024 | Crossover SUV | Yes | VinFast | Vietnam | |
| VinFast VF 7 | 2024 | Crossover SUV | Yes | VinFast | Vietnam | |
| VinFast VF 8 | 2022 | Crossover SUV | Yes | VinFast | Vietnam | |
| VinFast VF 9 | 2023 | Crossover SUV | Yes | VinFast | Vietnam | |
| Volkswagen e-Crafter | 2018 | Van | No | Volkswagen | Germany | |
| Volkswagen e-Caravelle / e-Transporter | 2024 | Minivan/Van | Ford Pro | No | Volkswagen (produced by Ford) | Germany |
| Volkswagen ID.3 | 2020 | Hatchback | MEB | Yes | Volkswagen | Germany |
| Volkswagen ID.4 | 2020 | Crossover SUV | MEB | Yes | Volkswagen | Germany |
| Volkswagen ID.5 | 2022 | Crossover SUV | MEB | Yes | Volkswagen | Germany |
| Volkswagen ID.7 | 2023 | Sedan | MEB | Yes | Volkswagen | Germany |
| Volkswagen ID.7 Tourer | 2024 | Station Wagon | MEB | Yes | Volkswagen | Germany |
| Volkswagen ID. Buzz | 2022 | MPV/minivan | MEB | Yes | Volkswagen | Germany |
| Volvo EC40 (previously C40 Recharge) | 2021 | Crossover SUV | CMA | No | Volvo Cars | Sweden |
| Volvo EM90 | 2023 | MPV/minivan | SEA | Yes | Volvo Cars | Sweden |
| Volvo EX30 | 2023 | Crossover SUV | SEA | Yes | Volvo Cars | Sweden |
| Volvo EX40 (previously XC40 Recharge) | 2020 | Crossover SUV | CMA | No | Volvo Cars | Sweden |
| Volvo EX90 | 2024 | Crossover SUV | SPA2 | Yes | Volvo Cars | Sweden |
Chinese-market origin
[edit]Production highway-capable battery electric automobiles originating within the Chinese market, including vehicles produced by Chinese manufacturers for domestic market and export markets, and vehicles developed by foreign manufacturers that are only offered in the Chinese market:
| Model | Calendar year produced |
Body style | Manufacturer | Marque origin | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aion S | 2019 | Sedan | GAC Group | China | [26] |
| Aion S Plus / ES | 2021 | Sedan | GAC Group | China | |
| Aion S Max | 2023 | Sedan | GAC Group | China | |
| Aion RT | 2024 | Sedan | GAC Group | China | |
| Aion LX | 2019 | Crossover SUV | GAC Group | China | |
| Aion V | 2020 | Crossover SUV | GAC Group | China | |
| Aion Y | 2021 | Crossover SUV | GAC Group | China | |
| Aiways U5 | 2019 | Crossover SUV | Aiways | China | |
| Aiways U6 | 2021 | Crossover SUV | Aiways | China | |
| Arcfox α-S | 2021 | Sedan | BAIC Group | China | |
| Arcfox α-T | 2020 | Crossover SUV | BAIC Group | China | |
| Arcfox αS5 | 2024 | Sedan | BAIC Group | China | |
| Arcfox αT5 | 2024 | Crossover SUV | BAIC Group | China | |
| Arcfox Kaola | 2023 | MPV/Minivan | BAIC Group | China | |
| Audi Q2L e-tron | 2019 | Crossover SUV | Audi | Germany | |
| Audi Q5 e-tron | 2021 | Crossover SUV | Audi | Germany | |
| Avatr 07 | 2024 | Crossover SUV | Changan Automobile | China | |
| Avatr 11 | 2022 | Crossover SUV | Changan Automobile | China | |
| Avatr 12 | 2023 | Sedan | Changan Automobile | China | |
| AITO M5 | 2022 | Crossover SUV | Seres | China | |
| AITO M9 | 2023 | Crossover SUV | Seres | China | |
| Aeolus Sky EV01 | 2023 | Crossover SUV | Dongfeng Motor | China | |
| Aeolus Yixuan | 2019 | Sedan | Dongfeng Motor | China | |
| Aeolus Yixuan Max | 2021 | Sedan | Dongfeng Motor | China | |
| Aeolus E70 | 2015 | Sedan | Dongfeng Motor | China | |
| Baojun KiWi EV | 2020 | Microcar hatchback | SAIC-GM-Wuling | China | |
| Baojun Yep | 2023 | Mini SUV | SAIC-GM-Wuling | China | |
| Baojun Yep Plus | 2024 | Mini SUV | SAIC-GM-Wuling | China | |
| Baojun Yunduo / Wuling Cloud EV / MG Windsor EV | 2023 | Hatchback | SAIC-GM-Wuling | China | |
| Baojun Yunhai | 2024 | Crossover SUV | SAIC-GM-Wuling | China | |
| BAW Yuanbao | 2021 | Hatchback | BAW | China | |
| Bestune E01 | 2021 | Crossover SUV | FAW Group | China | |
| Bestune NAT | 2021 | MPV/minivan | FAW Group | China | |
| Bestune Pony | 2023 | City car | FAW Group | China | |
| BJEV EU5/Beijing EU5 | 2018 | Sedan | BAIC Group | China | |
| BJEV EU7/Beijing EU7 | 2019 | Sedan | BAIC Group | China | |
| BJEV EX5/Beijing EX5 | 2019 | Crossover SUV | BAIC Group | China | |
| BMW i3 (G28) | 2022 | Sedan | BMW | Germany | |
| Buick Electra E4 | 2023 | Crossover SUV | General Motors (SAIC-GM) | United States | |
| Buick Electra E5 | 2022 | Crossover SUV | General Motors (SAIC-GM) | United States | |
| Buick Velite 6 | 2019 | Liftback | General Motors (SAIC-GM) | United States | |
| BYD Atto 3 / Yuan Plus | 2022 | Crossover SUV | BYD Auto | China | |
| BYD D1 | 2020 | MPV/minivan | BYD Auto | China | |
| BYD Dolphin | 2021 | Hatchback | BYD Auto | China | |
| BYD e2 | 2019 | Hatchback | BYD Auto | China | |
| BYD e3 | 2019 | Sedan | BYD Auto | China | |
| BYD e6 | 2011 | MPV/minivan | BYD Auto | China | |
| BYD e9 | 2021 | Sedan | BYD Auto | China | |
| BYD Han EV | 2020 | Sedan | BYD Auto | China | |
| BYD M6 / eMax 7 | 2024 | MPV/minivan | BYD Auto | China | |
| BYD Qin EV | 2012 | Sedan | BYD Auto | China | |
| BYD Qin Plus EV | 2018 | Sedan | BYD Auto | China | |
| BYD Seagull / Dolphin Mini | 2023 | Hatchback | BYD Auto | China | |
| BYD Seal | 2022 | Sedan | BYD Auto | China | |
| BYD Seal 06 GT | 2024 | Hatchback | BYD Auto | China | |
| BYD Sealion 07 EV / Sealion 7 | 2024 | Crossover SUV | BYD Auto | China | |
| BYD Song L EV | 2023 | Crossover SUV | BYD Auto | China | |
| BYD Song Plus EV / Seal U | 2015 | Crossover SUV | BYD Auto | China | |
| BYD T3/ETP3 | 2015 | MPV/minivan | BYD Auto | China | |
| BYD V3 | 2020 | Van | BYD Auto | China | |
| BYD Tang EV | 2015 | Crossover SUV | BYD Auto | China | |
| BYD Yuan Pro EV | 2019 | Crossover SUV | BYD Auto | China | |
| BYD Yuan Up / Yuan Pro / S1 Pro | 2024 | Crossover SUV | BYD Auto | China | |
| Changan CS55 EV | 2020 | Crossover SUV | Changan Automobile | China | |
| Changan Lumin | 2022 | Hatchback | Changan Automobile | China | |
| Changan Ruixing EM80 | Van | Changan Automobile | China | ||
| Changan Nevo E07 | 2024 | SUV pickup | Changan Automobile | China | |
| Changan Lantuozhe EV | 2023 | Pick Up | Changan Automobile | China | |
| Chery eQ1 | 2016 | Hatchback | Chery | China | |
| Chery eQ7 | 2023 | Crossover SUV | Chery | China | |
| Chery QQ Ice Cream / Jetour Ice Cream | 2021 | Hatchback | Chery | China | |
| Chery Omoda E5 / Omoda E5 | 2023 | Crossover SUV | Chery | China | |
| Chevrolet Menlo | 2020 | Hatchback | General Motors (SAIC-GM) | United States | |
| Ciimo M-NV | 2021 | Crossover SUV | Dongfeng Honda | China-Japan | |
| Ciimo X-NV | 2020 | Crossover SUV | Dongfeng Honda | China-Japan | |
| Deepal S05 | 2024 | Crossover SUV | Changan Automobile | China | |
| Deepal S07 | 2023 | Crossover SUV | Changan Automobile | China | |
| Deepal L07 | 2022 | Sedan | Changan Automobile | China | |
| Denza D9 EV | 2022 | Minivan | BYD Auto | China | |
| Denza N7 | 2023 | Crossover SUV | BYD Auto | China | |
| Denza Z9 EV | 2024 | Sedan | BYD Auto | China | |
| Denza Z9 GT EV | 2024 | Shooting brake | BYD Auto | China | |
| Dongfeng EM13 | 2018 | Van | Dongfeng Motor | China | |
| Dongfeng Fengon E3 | 2019 | Crossover SUV | Seres Automobile (Hubei) | China | |
| Dongfeng Fengxing T1 | 2019 | Hatchback | Dongfeng Liuzhou Motor | China | |
| Dongfeng Ruitaite EM10 | Van | Dongfeng Motor | China | ||
| Dongfeng Sokon EC31/EC35/EC36 | 2018 | Pickup truck and van | Seres Automobile (Hubei) | China | |
| Dongfeng eπ 007 | 2024 | Sedan | Dongfeng Motor | China | |
| Dongfeng eπ 008 | 2024 | Crossover SUV | Dongfeng Motor | China | |
| Dongfeng Nammi 01 | 2024 | Hatchback | Dongfeng Motor | China | |
| Everus VE-1 | 2019 | Crossover SUV | GAC Honda | China-Japan | |
| Everus EA6 | 2019 | Sedan | GAC Honda | China-Japan | |
| Exeed Sterra ES / Exlantix ES | 2023 | Sedan | Chery | China | |
| Exeed Sterra ET / Exlantix ET | 2024 | Crossover SUV | Chery | China | |
| Farizon E5/E5L | Van | Farizon Auto | China | ||
| Fengon Mini EV | 2022 | Hatchback | Seres Automobile (Hubei) | China | |
| Fengon E380 | 2022 | MPV/minivan | Seres Automobile (Hubei) | China | |
| Forthing Leiting / Friday EV | 2023 | Crossover SUV | Dongfeng Motor | China | |
| Foton Smart Smurf E7 | 2022 | Van | BAIC Group | China | |
| Geely Emgrand EV Pro | 2020 | Sedan | Geely | China | |
| Geely Panda Mini EV | 2022 | Hatchback | Geely | China | [27] |
| Geely Galaxy E5 / EX5 | 2024 | Crossover SUV | Geely | China | |
| Geely Galaxy E8 / E8 | 2023 | Fastback sedan | Geely | China | |
| Geely Xingyuan | 2024 | Hatchback | Geely | China | |
| Geometry A | 2019 | Sedan | Geely | China | |
| Geometry G6 | 2023 | Sedan | Geely | China | |
| Geometry C | 2019 | Hatchback | Geely | China | |
| Geometry M6 | 2022 | Hatchback | Geely | China | |
| Geometry E | 2022 | Crossover SUV | Geely | China | |
| Great Wall Wingle 7 EV | 2018 | Pickup truck | Great Wall Motors | China | |
| Great Wall Pao EV | 2020 | Pickup truck | Great Wall Motors | China | |
| Higer H4E | 2016 | Van | Higer | China | |
| HiPhi X | 2020 | Crossover SUV | HiPhi | China | |
| HiPhi Y | 2023 | Crossover SUV | HiPhi | China | |
| HiPhi Z | 2022 | Shooting brake | HiPhi | China | |
| Honda e:NS1 | 2022 | Crossover SUV | Honda (Dongfeng Honda) | Japan | |
| Honda e:NP1 | 2022 | Crossover SUV | Honda (GAC Honda) | Japan | |
| Honda e:NS2 | 2024 | Crossover SUV | Honda (Dongfeng Honda) | Japan | |
| Honda e:NP2 | 2024 | Crossover SUV | Honda (GAC Honda) | Japan | |
| Hongqi E-HS9 | 2020 | Crossover SUV | FAW Group | China | |
| Hongqi E-QM5 | 2022 | Sedan | FAW Group | China | |
| Hongqi EH7 | 2024 | Sedan | FAW Group | China | |
| Hongqi Tiangong 08 / EHS7 | 2024 | Crossover SUV | FAW Group | China | |
| Hyptec GT | 2023 | Sedan | GAC Group | China | [28] |
| Hyptec SSR | 2023 | Sports car | GAC Group | China | [29] |
| Hyptec HT | 2023 | SUV | GAC Group | China | [29] |
| Hycan 007 | 2020 | Crossover | Hycan | China | |
| Hycan Z03 | 2021 | Crossover | Hycan | China | |
| Hycan A06 | 2022 | Sedan | Hycan | China | |
| Hycan V09 | 2023 | MPV/minivan | Hycan | China | |
| IM L6 | 2024 | Sedan | IM Motors | China | |
| IM L7 | 2022 | Sedan | IM Motors | China | |
| IM LS7 | 2022 | Crossover SUV | IM Motors | China | |
| IM LS6 / MG IM LS6 / MG LS6 / MG IM6 | 2023 | Crossover SUV | IM Motors | China | |
| iCar 03 / Chery J6 | 2023 | Crossover SUV | Chery | China | |
| JAC iC5 / E J7 / Sehol E50A | 2019 | Sedan | JAC Motors | China | |
| JAC iEV7 | 2016 | Sedan | JAC Motors | China | |
| JAC iEVA50 | 2018 | Sedan | JAC Motors | China | |
| JAC Yiwei 3 | 2023 | Hatchback | JAC Motors | China | |
| JAC Yiwei Hua Xian Zi | 2024 | Hatchback | JAC Motors | China | |
| JAC Yiwei Aipao | 2024 | Sedan | JAC Motors | China | |
| JAC J3 EV | 2020 | Crossover SUV | JAC Motors | China | |
| JAC Lanmao M1 | 2022 | Van | JAC Motors | China | |
| Jaecoo J6 / EJ6 / 6 EV | 2024 | Crossover SUV | Chery | China | |
| Ji Yue 01 / Jidu Robo-01 | 2023 | Crossover SUV | Geely | China | |
| Ji Yue 07 / Jidu Robo-02 | 2024 | Sedan | Geely | China | |
| JMC Yuhu EV | 2019 | Pickup truck | JMC Motors | China | |
| JMC E-Lushun | 2022 | Van | JMC Motors | China | |
| JMEV Yi | 2022 | Sedan | JMEV | China | |
| JMEV Xiaoqilin | 2022 | Hatchback | JMEV | China | |
| Jiangnan U2 | 2023 | Hatchback | Jiangnan Automobile | China | |
| Kandi K23 | 2018 | Van | Kandi | China | |
| Kandi K27 | 2018 | Hatchback | Kandi | China | |
| Karry Dolphin | 2019 | Van | Chery | China | |
| Karry Porpoise | 2022 | Van | Chery | China | |
| Karry Little Elephant EV | 2022 | Truck | Chery | China | |
| Kia EV5 | 2023 | Crossover SUV | Kia | South Korea | |
| Kaiyi Shiyue | 2023 | Hatchback | Kaiyi Auto | China | |
| Leahead iA5 | 2019 | Sedan | GAC Toyota | China-Japan | |
| Leapmotor C11 | 2020 | Crossover SUV | Leapmotor | China | [30] |
| Leapmotor T03 | 2020 | Hatchback | Leapmotor | China | |
| Leapmotor C01 | 2022 | Sedan | Leapmotor | China | |
| Leapmotor C10 | 2023 | Crossover SUV | Leapmotor | China | |
| Livan 9 | 2022 | Crossover SUV | Geely | China | |
| Livan 8 | 2024 | MPV/minivan | Geely | China | |
| Livan 7 | 2023 | Crossover SUV | Geely | China | |
| Lynk & Co Z10 | 2024 | Sedan | Geely | China | |
| Luxeed S7 | 2023 | Sedan | Chery | China | |
| Li Mega | 2024 | MPV/minivan | Li Auto | China | |
| Landian E3 | 2023 | Crossover SUV | Seres | China | |
| Maple 60S | 2021 | Sedan | Geely | China | |
| Maple 80V | 2020 | MPV/minivan | Geely | China | |
| Maxus Dana V1 | 2023 | Van | SAIC Motor | China | |
| Maxus Dana M1 | 2024 | MPV/minivan | SAIC Motor | China | |
| Maxus EG10 | 2016 | MPV/minivan | SAIC Motor | China | |
| Maxus Mifa 5 | 2023 | MPV/minivan | SAIC Motor | China | |
| Maxus Mifa 7 / MG Maxus 7 | 2023 | Minivan/MPV | SAIC Motor | China | |
| Maxus Mira 9 / MG Maxus 9 / MG Mifa 9 / MG M9 EV | 2021 | Minivan/MPV | SAIC Motor | China | |
| Maxus EV30 | 2018 | Van | SAIC Motor | China | |
| Maxus EV70 | 2023 | Van | SAIC Motor | China | |
| Maxus EV80 | 2014 | Van | SAIC Motor | China | |
| Maxus T90 EV | 2021 | Pickup truck | SAIC Motor | China | |
| Maxus eTerron 9 | 2024 | Pickup truck | SAIC Motor | China | |
| Mazda EZ-6 EV | 2024 | Sedan | Mazda | Japan | |
| MG Cyberster | 2023 | Sports car | SAIC Motor | China | |
| MG4 EV | 2022 | Hatchback | SAIC Motor | China | |
| MG ZS EV | 2018 | Crossover SUV | SAIC Motor | China | |
| MG ES5 | 2024 | Crossover SUV | SAIC Motor | China | |
| MG Marvel R | 2021 | Crossover SUV | SAIC Motor | China | |
| Modern IN | 2021 | Crossover SUV | Beijing Automobile Works | China | |
| M-Hero 917 | 2023 | SUV | Dongfeng Motor | China | |
| Mecha Dragon | 2022 | Sedan | Great Wall Motor | China | |
| NAC Chang Da H9 | 2017 | Van | Nanjing Automobile-SAIC Motor | China | |
| Neta Aya / V | 2020 | Crossover SUV | Hozon Auto | China | |
| Neta GT | 2023 | Coupé | Hozon Auto | China | |
| Neta U / X | 2020 | Crossover SUV | Hozon Auto | China | |
| Neta S | 2021 | Sedan and Estate wagon | Hozon Auto | China | |
| Neta L | 2024 | Crossover SUV | Hozon Auto | China | |
| Nio EC6 | 2020 | Crossover SUV | Nio | China | |
| Nio EC7 | 2023 | Crossover SUV | Nio | China | |
| Nio ES6 | 2019 | Crossover SUV | Nio | China | |
| Nio ES7 | 2022 | Crossover SUV | Nio | China | |
| Nio ES8 | 2018 | Crossover SUV | Nio | China | |
| Nio ET5 | 2021 | Sedan | Nio | China | |
| Nio ET7 | 2021 | Sedan | Nio | China | |
| Nio ET9 | 2024 | Liftback | Nio | China | |
| Onvo L60 | 2024 | Crossover SUV | Nio | China | |
| Ora Ballet Cat | 2022 | Hatchback | Great Wall Motor | China | |
| Ora Good Cat / Funky Cat / 03 / GWM Ora | 2020 | Hatchback | Great Wall Motor | China | |
| Ora Lightning Cat / Next Cat / Grand Cat / 07 | 2022 | Sedan | Great Wall Motor | China | |
| Qiantu K20 | 2022 | Hatchback | Qiantu Motor | China | |
| Radar RD6 | 2022 | Pickup truck | Geely | China | |
| Renault City K-ZE | 2019 | Hatchback | Renault | France | |
| Roewe Clever | 2020 | Microcar hatchback | SAIC Motor | China | |
| Roewe Ei5/MG 5 EV/MG EP | 2017 | Station wagon | SAIC Motor | China | |
| Roewe D7 EV / MG D7 | 2023 | Sedan | SAIC Motor | China | |
| Roewe iMAX8 EV | 2022 | MPV/Minivan | SAIC Motor | China | |
| Ruixiang Hoen O2 | 2023 | Hatchback | BAIC Ruixiang | China | |
| SAIC Rising F7 / MG9 EV | 2022 | Liftback | SAIC Motor | China | |
| SAIC Rising R7 / MG S9 EV / MG R7 | 2022 | Crossover SUV | SAIC Motor | China | |
| Sehol E40X | 2020 | Crossover SUV | JAC Motors | China | |
| Sehol E50A | 2021 | Liftback | JAC Motors | China | |
| Sehol E50A Pro | 2022 | Liftback | JAC Motors | China | |
| Sehol E10X | 2021 | Hatchback | JAC Motors | China | |
| SRM Shineray X30LEV | 2018 | Van | Shineray Group | China | |
| Skyworth EV6 | 2021 | Crossover SUV | Skyworth Auto | China | |
| Stelato S9 | 2024 | Sedan | BAIC Group | China | |
| Sinogold GM3 | 2017 | MPV/Minivan | Sinogold | China | |
| SiTech DEV1 | 2018 | Hatchback | SiTech | China | |
| Seres M5 | 2024 | Crossover SUV | Seres | China | |
| Seres SF5 / A5 / 5 | 2019 | Crossover SUV | Seres | China | |
| Seres 3 / E3 | 2020 | Crossover SUV | Seres | China | |
| Seres E1 | 2023 | Microcar hatchback | Seres | China | |
| Toyota bZ3 | 2023 | Sedan | FAW Toyota | China-Japan | |
| ThunderPower EV/TP | 2019 | Sedan | Thunder Power | China | |
| ThunderPower Chloe | 2020 | Hatchback | Thunder Power | China | |
| Volkswagen ID.6 | 2021 | Crossover SUV | Volkswagen | Germany | |
| Volkswagen ID. UNYX | 2024 | Crossover SUV | Volkswagen | Germany | |
| Voyah Passion | 2022 | Sedan | Dongfeng Motor | China | |
| Voyah Dream | 2021 | MPV/Minivan | Dongfeng Motor | China | |
| Voyah Free | 2021 | Crossover SUV | Dongfeng Motor | China | |
| Venucia D60EV | 2019 | Sedan | Venucia | China | |
| Venucia T60EV | 2019 | Crossover SUV | Venucia | China | |
| Venucia VX6 | 2023 | Crossover SUV | Venucia | China | |
| Wuling EV50 / Dianka | 2020 | Van | SAIC-GM-Wuling | China | |
| Wuling Air EV / MG Comet EV / Chevrolet Spark EV | 2022 | Microcar hatchback | SAIC-GM-Wuling | China | |
| Wuling Binguo | 2023 | Hatchback | SAIC-GM-Wuling | China | |
| Wuling Binguo SUV | 2024 | Crossover SUV | SAIC-GM-Wuling | China | |
| Wuling Hongguang Mini EV | 2020 | Microcar hatchback | SAIC-GM-Wuling | China | |
| Wuling Nano EV | 2021 | Microcar hatchback | SAIC-GM-Wuling | China | |
| Wuling Starlight | 2023 | Sedan | SAIC-GM-Wuling | China | |
| Wuling Starlight S | 2024 | Crossover SUV | SAIC-GM-Wuling | China | |
| Wuling E10 EV | 2023 | Microvan | SAIC-GM-Wuling | China | |
| Wuling Yangguang | 2024 | Van | SAIC-GM-Wuling | China | |
| Weiwang 407 EV | 2018 | Van | BAIC Group | China | |
| Xiaohu FEV | 2021 | Hatchback | Henrey Automobile | China | |
| Xiaomi SU7 | 2024 | Sedan | Xiaomi Auto | China | |
| XPeng G6 | 2023 | Crossover SUV | XPeng | China | |
| XPeng G9 | 2022 | Crossover SUV | XPeng | China | |
| XPeng P5 | 2021 | Sedan | XPeng | China | |
| XPeng P7 | 2020 | Sedan | XPeng | China | |
| XPeng P7+ | 2024 | Sedan | XPeng | China | |
| XPeng X9 | 2023 | MPV/Minivan | XPeng | China | |
| XPeng Mona M03 | 2024 | Sedan | XPeng | China | |
| Yangwang U7 | 2024 | Sedan | BYD Auto | China | |
| Yangwang U9 | 2023 | Coupe | BYD Auto | China | |
| Yuanhang Y6 | 2023 | Sedan | Dayun Group | China | |
| Yudo Yuntu | 2023 | Hatchback | Yudo Auto | China | |
| Zhidou Rainbow | 2024 | Hatchback | Zhidou | China | |
| Zeekr 001 | 2021 | Shooting brake | Geely | China | [31] |
| Zeekr 007 | 2023 | Sedan | Geely | China | |
| Zeekr 009 | 2022 | MPV/Minivan | Geely | China | |
| Zeekr 7X | 2024 | Crossover SUV | Geely | China | |
| Zeekr X | 2023 | Crossover SUV | Geely | China | |
| Zeekr Mix | 2024 | MPV/Minivan | Geely | China |
Non-highway capable automobiles
[edit]Battery electric automobiles not capable of 100 km/h (62 mph) highway speed:
| Model | Calendar year produced |
Manufacturer | Marque origin |
|---|---|---|---|
| Aixam e-City/e-Coupe[32] | 2017 | Aixam | France |
| Citroën Ami / Opel Rocks Electric / Fiat Topolino | 2020 | Stellantis | France/Germany/Italy |
| Microlino | 2022 | Micro Mobility Systems | Italy/Switzerland |
| Mobilize Duo | 2024 | Mobilize/Renault | France |
| Tazzari Zero | 2009 | Tazzari Group | Italy |
| Toyota COMS | 2000 | Toyota Auto Body | Japan |
| XEV Yoyo | 2021 | XEV | Italy/Hong Kong |
Former production models
[edit]Post-1995
[edit]Outside the Chinese market
[edit]| Model | Calendar year produced |
Calendar year discontinued |
Manufacturer | Marque origin | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Azure Transit Connect Electric | 2010 | 2012 | Azure Dynamics and Ford | United States | Around 500 units were sold before Azure stopped production in March 2012.[33] |
| Audi R8 e-Tron | 2015 | Audi | Germany | Fewer than 100 units were sold at the end of production run. | |
| Bolloré Bluecar | 2011 | Véhicule Électriques Pininfarina Bolloré | France | Cumulative sales in France totaled 5,689 units by the end of September 2016.[34] | |
| BMW i3 (International) and BMW i3 REx | 2013 | 2022 | BMW | Germany | Global sales exceeded 220,000 throughout lifetime. |
| Chevrolet S-10 EV | 1997 | 1998 | General Motors | United States | S-10 with GM EV1 powertrain, over 100 produced and only about 60 sold to private owners. |
| Chevrolet Spark EV | 2013 | 2016 | General Motors | United States | The Spark EV was released in selected markets in California and Oregon in June 2013.[35] GM planned to sell the Spark in Canada, South Korea and select European markets.[36][37] |
| Chevrolet Bolt EUV | 2021 | 2023 | General Motors | United States | |
| Chevrolet Bolt EV | 2016 | 2023 | General Motors | United States | |
| Chrysler TEVan/EPIC | 1993 | 1999 | Chrysler | United States | Sold primarily to electric utilities, only 56 were produced and were sold for approximately $120,000 each. |
| Citroën AX Électrique | 1993 | 1996 | PSA Group | France | 374 produced between December 1993 and 1996.[38] |
| Citroën Berlingo électrique | 1998 | 2005 | PSA Group | France | |
| Citroën Berlingo Electric (2010) | 2010 | 2013 | PSA Group | France | In 2016 worldwide sales were 491, with just 19 sold in the UK.[39] |
| Citroën C1 ev'ie | 2009 | 2011 | PSA Group | France | EV conversion produced by Electric Car Corporation. |
| Citroën C-Zero | 2010 | 2020 | PSA Group (produced by Mitsubishi Motors) | France | Similar to Mitsubishi i-MiEV. |
| Citroën E-Méhari | 2016 | 2019 | PSA Group and Bolloré | France | Approximately 1,000 cars were planned to be produced in collaboration with the French electric car producer Bolloré.[40] |
| Citroën Saxo Électrique | 1997 | 2002 | PSA Group | France | 6,400 produced with Peugeot 106.[41] |
| Coda Sedan | 2012 | 2013 | Coda Automotive | United States | Sales began in California in March 2012. |
| Elcat Electric Vehicles | 1990 | 2002 | ELCAT | Finland | |
| Fiat 500e | 2013 | 2019 | Fiat Chrysler Automobiles | Italy | U.S. sales totaled 27,211 units.[42] |
| Ford Focus Electric | 2011 | 2018 | Ford | United States | U.S. sales totaled 9,226 units.[43] |
| Ford Ranger EV | 1998 | 2003 | Ford | United States | Several hundred were produced for lease only, almost all were recovered and most destroyed. |
| Ford Think City | 2000 | 2002 | Ford | United States | |
| Fisker Ocean | 2022 | 2024 | Fisker Inc. | United States | |
| General Motors EV1 | 1996 | 2003 | General Motors | United States | First generation (1996–1997) used VRLA batteries, second generation (1999–2003) used NiMH batteries. |
| Honda Clarity Electric | 2017 | 2019 | Honda | Japan | |
| Honda EV Plus | 1997 | 1999 | Honda | Japan | About 300 produced.[44] |
| Honda Fit EV | 2012 | 2014 | Honda | Japan | Production was to be limited to only 1,100 units over the first three years. Deliveries to retail customers in the U.S. began in July 2012 and availability is limited to California and Oregon.[45] |
| Honda e | 2020 | 2024 | Honda | Japan | |
| Hyundai Ioniq Electric | 2016 | 2022 | Hyundai | South Korea | |
| Kia Soul EV | 2014 | 2023 | Kia | South Korea | |
| Lordstown Endurance | 2022 | 2023 | Lordstown Motors | United States | |
| Lumeneo Smera | 2013 | 2013 | Lumeneo | France | Highway speed-capable microcar. Sold 10 cars in 2013 before going bankrupt.[46] |
| Luxgen 7 MPV EV+ | 2010 | Yulon Motors | Taiwan | ||
| Luxgen S3 EV+ | 2017 | 2020 | Yulon Motors | Taiwan | |
| Luxgen U5 EV+ | 2019 | 2020 | Yulon Motors | Taiwan | |
| Mahindra e2o | 2013 | 2017 | Mahindra Electric | India | |
| Mahindra e2o Plus | 2016 | 2019 | Mahindra & Mahindra | India | [47] |
| Mahindra eVerito | 2016 | 2019 | Mahindra & Mahindra | India | [48] |
| Mercedes-Benz A-Class E-Cell | 2010 | 2010 | Daimler AG | Germany | Developed with Tesla Motors. Limited production of 500 A-Class E-Cell electric cars was built, for trial purposes and lease to customers in Europe.[49] |
| Mercedes-Benz B-Class Electric Drive | 2014 | 2019 | Daimler AG | Germany | Production for retail customers began in April 2014.[50] |
| Mercedes-Benz SLS AMG Electric Drive | 2013 | 2013 | Daimler AG | Germany | Fewer than 100 units were sold.[51] |
| Mercedes-Benz Vito E-Cell | 2010 | Daimler AG | Germany | ||
| Mercedes-Benz EQC | 2019 | 2023 | Mercedes-Benz Group | Germany | |
| Mia | 2011 | 2013 | Mia Electric | France | |
| Mitsubishi i-MiEV | 2009 | 2021 | Mitsubishi Motors | Japan | Was available in Asia, Europe and the Americas.[52] It was the first electric car to sell more than 10,000 units, including Citroën C-Zero and Peugeot iOn. According to Guinness World Records, the record was reached in February 2011.[53] Global sales totaled about 37,600 units through June 2016.[54] |
| Modec | 2007 | 2011 | Modec | United Kingdom | Electric delivery vans. |
| Mini Electric/Cooper SE | 2019 | 2023 | Mini/BMW | United Kingdom | |
| Mobilize Limo | 2022 | 2023 | Mobilize/Renault | France | |
| Navistar eStar | 2010 | 2013 | Navistar | United States | |
| NEVS 9-3 EV | 2017 | 2022 | NEVS AB | Sweden | |
| Nissan Hypermini | 1999 | 2001 | Nissan | Japan | 219 produced. |
| Opel Ampera-e | 2017 | 2020 | PSA Group (produced by GM) | Germany | |
| Peugeot 106 Électrique | 1996 | 2003 | PSA Group | France | Similar to Citroën Saxo |
| Peugeot iOn | 2010 | 2020 | PSA Group (produced by Mitsubishi Motors) | France | Similar to Mitsubishi i-MiEV. |
| Peugeot Partner Électrique | 1998 | 2005 | PSA Group | France | |
| Renault Fluence Z.E./Renault Samsung SM3 Z.E. | 2011 | 2020 | Renault | France | Global sales totaled 10,600 units through December 2019, mostly composed of SM3 Z.E. units.[55] |
| Renault Twingo Z.E. | 2020 | 2023 | Renault | France | |
| Renault Twizy | 2012 | 2023 | Renault | France | |
| Renault Zoe | 2012 | 2024 | Renault | France | |
| REVA/REVAi/G-Wiz i | 2001 | 2019 | Reva Electric Car Company | India | Since 2001 more than 4,000 cars were sold worldwide by March 2011 and was available in 26 countries.[56][57] Sales in the UK, where it was sold as the G-Wiz and became its main market, ended by late 2011.[58] |
| SEAT e-Mii | 2020 | 2021 | SEAT | Spain | [59][60] |
| Škoda/Tatra Beta | 1994 | 1997 | Škoda ELCAR Ejpovice | Czech Republic | About 100 produced, using nickel-cadmium batteries[61][62] |
| Škoda Citigo iV | 2019 | 2020 | Škoda Auto | Czech Republic | [63][64] Similar to Volkswagen e-Up. |
| Smart ED | 2007 | 2017 | Daimler AG | Germany | Available for lease in the United States since early 2011. Originally converted by Zytek from 100 Smart Fortwos. |
| smart EQ forfour | 2017 | 2021 | Daimler AG | Germany | |
| Smart EQ fortwo | 2017 | 2024 | Daimler AG | Germany | |
| Tesla Roadster (first generation) | 2008 | 2012 | Tesla Motors | United States | |
| The Kurrent | 2006 | 2007 | American Electric Motor Vehicle Company | United States | Neighborhood electric vehicle. |
| Think City | 2008 | 2011 | Think Global | Norway | Successor of the Ford Th!nk. |
| Toyota eQ/Scion iQ EV | 2011 | 2013 | Toyota | Japan | Deployed in limited quantities for research purposes. |
| Toyota RAV4 EV (1997) | 1997 | 2003 | Toyota | Japan | Leased and sold on US east and west coast. 1,484 were leased and/or sold in California.[65][66] |
| Toyota RAV4 EV (2012) | 2012 | 2014 | Toyota | Japan | Leased and sold only in California, from 2012 through 2015. 2,489 units were sold in the U.S. through April 2015.[67][68] |
| Toyota C+pod | 2021 | 2024 | Toyota | Japan | |
| Tobe M’Car EV | 2009 | 2013 | Yulon Motors | Taiwan | |
| Tobe W’Car EV | 2010 | 2013 | Yulon Motors | Taiwan | |
| Volkswagen e-Golf | 2014 | 2020 | Volkswagen | Germany | [69] |
| Volkswagen e-Up! | 2013 | 2023 | Volkswagen | Germany | NSF[70] |
| Volvo C30 Electric | 2010 | 2012 | Volvo Cars | Sweden | |
| Venturi Fétish | 2004 | 2007 | Venturi | Monaco | Only 25 units have been produced.[71] |
| Wheego Whip LiFe | 2011 | 2013 | Shuanghuan Auto and Wheego Technologies | China-United States | Sales began in the U.S. in April 2011.[72] A total of 34 units had been sold by March 2012,[73] and 400 had been produced when production ended in 2013. |
| ZENN | 2006 | 2010 | ZENN Motor Company | Canada | Based on the Microcar MC2 |
Chinese-market origin
[edit]Pre-1995
[edit]| Model | Calendar year produced | Calendar year discontinued | Manufacturer | Marque origin | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AM General Jeep DJ-5E Electruck | 1974 | 1974 | AM General | United States | Sold to United States Postal Service and Canada Post.[81] |
| Baker Electric | 1899 | 1914 | Baker Motor Vehicle | United States | |
| CitiCar | 1974 | 1977 | Sebring-Vanguard | United States | Microcar, a total of 4,444 units were produced up to 1979.[82] |
| Detroit Electric | 1907 | 1939 | Anderson Electric Car Company | United States | Between 1907 and 1939 a total of 13,000 electric cars were built.[83] |
| Enfield 8000 | 1973 | 1973 | Enfield Automotive | United Kingdom | 120 cars were built in total, of which 65 were used by the Electricity Council.[84] |
| Fiat Panda Elettra | 1990 | 1998 | Fiat | Italy | |
| Henney Kilowatt | 1959 | 1960 | Henney Motor Company | United States | |
| Scottish Aviation Scamp | 1964 | 1966 | Scottish Aviation | United Kingdom | Produced for the Central Electricity Generating Board. 13 prototypes only. |
| Sinclair C5 | 1985 | 1985 | Sinclair Vehicles | United Kingdom | Recumbent tricycle. Out of 14,000 C5s made, only 5,000 were sold.[85] |
| Studebaker Electric | 1902 | 1912 | Studebaker | United States | Produced from 1902 to 1912 in South Bend, Indiana |
| VAZ-111E | 1989 | 1998 | AvtoVAZ | Soviet Union | |
| Zagato Zele | 1974 | 1976 | Zagato | Italy | Made by the Italian design firm Zagato. About 500 vehicles were made. |
Demonstration fleets or prototypes
[edit]| Model | Calendar year produced | Calendar year discontinued | Manufacturer | Marque origin | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AC Propulsion tzero | 1997 | 1997 | AC Propulsion | United States | Two-seat sportster prototype, four produced.[citation needed] |
| Autobianchi Y10 Electrica | 1989 | 1990 | [86] | ||
| BMW 1602 Elektro-Antrieb | 1972 | BMW | Germany | BMW's first electric vehicle prototype, based on the production 1602 model. Unveiled during the 1972 Olympics and used to carry VIPs. | |
| BMW ActiveE | 2012 | 2012 | BMW | Germany | Field testing in the U.S. began in January 2012, after the Mini E trial ended.[87] Available only in select markets.[88] |
| Byton M-Byte | 2018 | 2021 | Byton | China | Supposed to go into production with concept model already being shown to the public, but the company went bankrupt in 2021 and cancelled the entire vehicle. |
| Byton K-Byte | 2018 | 2018 | Byton | China | Cancelled |
| Bordrin iV6 | 2019 | 2019 | Bordrin | China | Cancelled |
| Bordrin iV7 | 2019 | 2019 | Bordrin | China | Cancelled |
| Elcat Electric Vehicles | 2002 | Elcat Automotive | Finland | ||
| Electrorides ZeroTruck | 2008 | Electrorides | United States | Based on an Isuzu N-series platform, retrofitted with a UQM Technologies electric motor.[89] | |
| Electrosport | 1971 | 1974 | Electric Fuel Propulsion Company | United States | |
| EMC E36 | 2011 | 2011 | EnVision Motor Company | United States | Rebadged Dacia Logan I |
| Fisker Pear | 2024 | 2024 | Fisker Inc. | United States | Supposed to go into production with concept model already being shown to the public |
| Fisker Alaska / Kayak | 2024 | 2024 | Fisker Inc. | United States | Supposed to go into production with concept model already being shown to the public |
| Fisker Ronin | 2024 | 2024 | Fisker Inc. | United States | Supposed to go into production with concept model already being shown to the public |
| Hyundai BlueOn | 2009 | 2010 | Hyundai | South Korea | Field testing with 30 units began in South Korea by late 2010, production was planned.[90] |
| Iveco Daily | 2010 | Iveco | Italy | ||
| Lada Ellada | 2011 | AvtoVAZ | Russia | ||
| Mercedes-Benz Vito 108E | 1996 | Daimler AG | Germany | [91] | |
| Mini E | 2009 | 2010 | BMW | United Kingdom | Built for field trials.[92] |
| Miles ZX40ST | 2007 | Miles Electric Vehicles | United States | ||
| Mitsubishi Fuso eCanter | 2016 | Mitsubishi Fuso | Japan | ||
| Nissan Altra EV | 1998 | 2002 | Nissan | Japan | Only about 200 vehicles were ever produced mainly for fleet.[93] |
| Nissan Hypermini | 1999 | 2001 | Nissan | Japan | Only about 219 vehicles were ever produced mainly for Japanese market. |
| Optimal Energy Joule | 2008 | 2012 | Optimal Energy | South Africa | A concept car that was never released commercially; development ceased in April 2012. |
| Tango | 2005 | Commuter Cars | United States | ||
| Tata Indica Vista EV | 2008 | 2011 | Tata Motors Cars | India | |
| Volkswagen Golf blue-e-motion | 2011 | 2012 | Volkswagen | Germany | |
| Volkswagen Golf CITYStromer | Volkswagen | Germany | |||
| Volkswagen Jetta CITYStromer | Volkswagen | Germany | |||
| Wrightspeed X1 | 2006 | Wrightspeed | United States | An Ariel Atom sports car modified to use an all-electric powertrain. Production has been cancelled. | |
| Zytek Lotus Elise | 1998 | 2003 | Lotus Cars and Zytek | United Kingdom |
Vehicles planned for production
[edit]Outside the Chinese market
[edit]Chinese-market origin
[edit]| Model | Calendar year |
|---|---|
| Aion UT | 2025 |
| Bestune Yueyi 03 | 2024 |
| Baojun Yunguang | 2025 |
| Forthing Xinghai S7 | 2025 |
| Hyptec HL | 2025 |
| Honda Ye S7 | 2024 |
| Honda Ye P7 | 2024 |
| Hongqi E009 | 2025 |
| Hongqi Tiangong 06 | 2025 |
| Lynk & Co Z20 | 2025 |
| Luxeed R7 | 2024 |
| M-Hero M800 | 2024 |
| Maextro S800 | 2025 |
| Nissan N7 | 2025 |
| Rising Auto RC7 | 2024 |
| Toyota bZ3X | 2024 |
| Toyota bZ3C | 2024 |
| Voyah Courage | 2025 |
| Wuling Zhiguang EV | 2025 |
| Xiaomi YU7 | 2025 |
Motorcycles and scooters
[edit]- KTM Freeride
- Sur-Ron
- Niu Technologies
- Ola Electric
- Zero Motorcycles
- Gogoro
- LiveWire
- Energica Motor Company
- Yadea
- Segway
Buses
[edit]
- Alexander Dennis Enviro 200
- BYD C9
- BYD K9
- Higer Steed EV
- Optare Metrocity EV
- Optare Metrodecker EV
- Optare Versa EV
- Oreos 2X (PVI)
- Oreos 4X (PVI)
- eBuzz K7[98]
- VinBus
Trucks
[edit]- Tesla Semi, all-electric class 8 truck.[99]
- FR8, EVage Motors showcases 1-tonne electric delivery truck[3]
Three-wheelers
[edit]Passenger vehicles
[edit]
- FUV
Champion polyplast
- SAARTHI SHAVAK E AUTO[100]
Mahindra Electric Mobility Limited
- Treo[101]
Omega Seiki Mobility
- STREAM[102]
Piaggio Vehicles Private Limited
- Ape' E-City[103]
Cargo vehicles
[edit]
Altigreen Propulsion Labs Pvt Ltd[104]
- NEEV
- NEEV HD
- NEEV LR
Keto Motors Private Limited
- BULKe
- BULKe plus 2.0
Kinetic Green Energy & Power Solutions Ltd[105]
- KINETIC SAFAR STAR – 400
- KINETIC SAFAR JUMBO – PICKUP
Lohia Auto Industries
- Humsafar iB
Mahindra Electric Mobility Limited[106]
- Treo Zor
- Treo Zor FB
- Treo Zor DV
Omega Seiki Mobility [107]
- RAGE+
- SUN-RI
Rickshaws
[edit]
Kinetic Green Energy & Power Solutions Ltd[108]
- KINETIC SAFAR SMART
- Kinetic SAFAR SMART LFP
Mahindra Electric Mobility Limited[106]
- Treo Yaari HRT
- Treo Yaari SFT
Omega Seiki Mobility[107]
- RIDE
See also
[edit]- Battery electric multiple unit
- Battery electric vehicle
- Electric aircraft
- Electric boat
- Electric fire engine
- Electric motorcycles and scooters
- Electric vehicle conversion
- Plug-in electric vehicle
- Plug-in hybrid
Notes
[edit]- ^ Indicates whether the vehicle is a dedicated battery electric vehicle without any non-battery electric counterpart sharing the same underpinnings or body
References
[edit]- ^ Akhtar, Riz (29 January 2024). "Tesla Model Y confirmed as world's best-selling car in 2023, beating Rav4 and Corolla". TheDriven.io. Retrieved 17 February 2024.
- ^ "The J1 performance platform – the first e-tron GT concept". Audi Technology Portal.
- ^ a b "AutoCarPro". Retrieved 13 February 2022.
- ^ "The first all-electric Audi on the basis of the MLB evo". Audi Technology Portal.
- ^ Toma, Sebastian (19 October 2021). "BMW Prepping New Platform for 2025 Release, It Will Be Fit for Any Kind of EV". autoevolution. Retrieved 13 February 2022.
- ^ DeMattia, Nico (1 July 2021). "BMW iX: This is why an EV-focused platform is exciting". BMW BLOG. Retrieved 13 February 2022.
- ^ "BMW Has A Totally New Approach To Building EVs". CarBuzz. 20 July 2020. Retrieved 13 February 2022.
- ^ "2023 Cadillac Lyriq". GM Authority. 23 June 2021. Retrieved 13 February 2022.
- ^ "Renault-Nissan-Mitsubishi Alliance To Unveil 35 New EVs By 2030". Carscoops. 27 January 2022. Retrieved 28 January 2022.
- ^ Radu, Vlad (8 January 2021). "A Complete Overview of the Ford Mustang Mach-E's Diverse Powertrain Options". autoevolution. Retrieved 24 February 2021.
- ^ "Genesis presents the first E-GMP model". electrive.com. 19 August 2021. Retrieved 13 February 2022.
- ^ "GMC Hummer EV Won't Share Components With ICE Trucks From GM". InsideEVs. Retrieved 13 February 2022.
- ^ "Introducing the E-GMP | Brand – Hyundai Worldwide". HYUNDAI MOTORS. Retrieved 13 February 2022.
- ^ "Tesla Model S vs Jaguar I-Pace". Auto Express. Retrieved 13 February 2022.
- ^ "Kia presents first dedicated electric car Kia EV6 on E-GMP". electrive.com. 30 March 2021. Retrieved 13 February 2022.
- ^ "New 2021 Lexus UX 300e electric SUV on sale now with 196-mile range". Auto Express. Retrieved 13 February 2022.
- ^ a b Pappas, Thanos (31 August 2021). "Lotus Teases Four New EV Models, Including Three SUVs And A Sportscar". Carscoops. Retrieved 8 March 2022.
- ^ "1,973-hp Lotus Evija electric hypercar enters final stage of development". Motor Authority. 28 April 2021. Retrieved 13 February 2022.
- ^ "Modular Multi-Energy Platforms: For Efficient Variety of Models". www.media.stellantis.com. Retrieved 13 February 2022.
- ^ "Get to know the MEB platform, the base of the ŠKODA ENYAQ iV". ŠKODA Storyboard. 8 October 2020. Retrieved 13 February 2022.
- ^ "New Smart #1 is 268bhp spearhead for brand's all-EV relaunch". Autocar. Retrieved 8 April 2022.
- ^ "Subaru Unveils Solterra Global All-Electric SUV". InsideEVs. Retrieved 13 February 2022.
- ^ "Tesla Model X design & styling". Autocar. Retrieved 13 February 2022.
- ^ "Tesla Model Y: Features, Prices, Specs, and More". Electrek. Retrieved 13 February 2022.
- ^ "2023 Toyota BZ4X Debuts With Estimated 250-Mile Range, Up To 215 HP". Motor1.com. Retrieved 13 February 2022.
- ^ 28"GAC Aion S Is Equipped With 58.8 kWh CATL NCM 811 Battery". InsideEVs. 1 March 2019. Retrieved 7 July 2019.
- ^ "Geely's Cute New Panda Wants To Conquer China's EV Market". Carscoops. 18 November 2022.
- ^ "GAC Aion Hyper GT unveiled in China". ArenaEV.com. Retrieved 4 January 2024.
- ^ a b Bobylev, Denis (9 October 2023). "GAC Aion Hyper SSR launched with 1,224 hp. Price starts at 176,400 USD". CarNewsChina.com. Retrieved 4 January 2024.
- ^ "Leapmotor unveils electric SUV". AutoTimesNews.com. 30 December 2020. Retrieved 6 January 2021.
- ^ Drei Laurel (19 April 2021). "Geely wants to do away with 'dull' EVS with the Zeekr 001". topgear.com.ph.
- ^ "Voiture electrique sans permis e Aixam : votre voiture sans permis electrique – Aixam". Retrieved 10 December 2016.
- ^ John Voelcker (17 October 2012). "Nissan e-NV200: Driving Nissan's Prototype Electric Minivan". Green Car Reports. Retrieved 19 October 2012.
- ^ Cobb, Jeff (10 October 2016). "France Becomes Fifth Nation To Buy 100,000 Plug-in Vehicles". HybridCars.com. Retrieved 11 October 2016.
- ^ John Voelcker (20 June 2013). "First 2014 Chevrolet Spark EVs Now At CA, Oregon Dealers". Green Car Reports. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
- ^ "Chevrolet Spark EV priced below $25,000 with tax incentives; Oregon and Canada added to markets". Green Car Congress. 27 November 2012. Retrieved 27 November 2012.
- ^ Mike Szostech. "Chevy Spark EV will be sold in Europe Too". My Electric Car Forums. Retrieved 14 February 2013.
- ^ "Citroën Celebrates 20 Years of Pioneering the Electric Automobile". Citroënvie!. 16 December 2013. Retrieved 1 December 2021.
- ^ "Citroen E-Berlingo signals brand's electric ambitions". AutoCar. 21 March 2017.
- ^ Pander, Jürgen (4 March 2016). "Elektroautos in Kleinserie – Zum Knutschen" [Electric cars in limited series – Huggable] (in German). Spiegel.de. Retrieved 8 January 2017.
- ^ Museum, Lane Motor. "Citroën Saxo Electrique-1997 – Lane Motor Museum". www.lanemotormuseum.org. Retrieved 1 December 2021.
- ^ "Monthly plug-in sales scorecard". Inside EVs. Retrieved 30 November 2018.
- ^ Loveday, Steven. "Monthly Plug-In EV Sales Scorecard". InsideEVs.
- ^ Rechtin, Mark (26 April 1999). "Honda pulls the plug on EV Plus". Automotive News. Retrieved 8 April 2020.
- ^ Zach McDonald (20 July 2012). "Honda Registers First Fit EV Delivery". Plugincars.com. Retrieved 21 July 2012.
- ^ "SMERA specifications". Lumeneo.fr. Archived from the original on 2 November 2011. Retrieved 11 December 2010.
- ^ Mohile, Shally Seth (30 April 2019). "M&M stops producing India's first electric car model amid flagging sales". Business Standard India. Retrieved 1 December 2021.
- ^ "Mahindra e-Verito launched at Rs 9.50 lakh". Economic Times. 2 June 2016. Retrieved 16 February 2020.
- ^ "Mercedes-Benz Introduces the Battery-Powered A-Class E-CELL; Production Run of 500". Green Car Congress. 15 September 2010. Retrieved 4 May 2011.
- ^ Eric Loveday (11 April 2014). "Mercedes-Benz B-Class Electric Drive Enters Production – Job #1 Rolls Off The Line". InsideEVs.com. Retrieved 18 April 2014.
- ^ Siu, Jason (13 October 2016). "Audi Quietly Discontinues All-Electric R8 E-Tron – Again". HybridCars.com. Retrieved 13 October 2016.
- ^ "Mitsubishi Begins Sales of i-MiEV to Individuals in Hong Kong; First Individual Sales Outside of Japan". Green Car Congress. 20 May 2010. Retrieved 21 May 2010.
- ^ Guinness World Records (2012). "Best-selling electric car". Guinness World Records. Retrieved 22 January 2013.
- ^ Cobb, Jeff (10 August 2016). "Global 10 Best-Selling Plug-In Cars Are Accelerating Forward". HybridCars.com. Retrieved 13 August 2016. As of June 2016[update], cumulative global sales of the top selling plug-in electric cars were led by the Nissan Leaf (over 228,000), followed by the Tesla Model S (129,393), Votl/Ampera family (about 117,300), Mitsubishi Outlander PHEV (about 107,400), Toyota Prius PHV (over 75,400), BYD Qin (56,191), Renault Zoe (51,193), BMW i3 (around 49,500), Mitsubishi i-MiEV family (about 37,600) and BYD Tang (37,509).
- ^ Groupe Renaul (19 March 2020). "2019 Universal Registration Document" (PDF). Renault. Retrieved 22 May 2020. See pp. 24 and 39. Since the launch of the Renault electric program, the Group has sold more than 252,000 electric vehicles in Europe and more than 273,550 electric vehicles worldwide. Since inception, a total of 181,893 Zoe cars, 48,821 Kangoo Z.E. electric vans and 10,600 Fluence Z.E./SM3 Z.E. cars have been sold globally through December 2019.
- ^ Praveena Sharma (17 March 2011). "Govt subsidy may rev up Reva sales". Daily News & Analysis India. Retrieved 31 March 2011.
- ^ "Mahindra REVA: Petrol-free REVA". REVA Electric Car Company. Archived from the original on 15 February 2012. Retrieved 25 February 2012. Click on Sales and Service Locator
- ^ Nikki Gordon-Bloomfield (16 February 2011). "EXCLUSIVE: What Killed The Electric Car? For G-Wiz, Other Electric Cars". Green Car Reports. Retrieved 11 May 2013.
- ^ "2020 SEAT Mii Electric Revealed In Production Form". Motor1.com. Retrieved 4 December 2021.
- ^ EV, Discover. "SEAT ends Mii electric production after a year". www.discoverev.co.uk. Retrieved 4 December 2021.
- ^ "Elektromobily Tatra". Electroauto.cz. Retrieved 11 December 2010.
- ^ "Tři etapy rozvoje elektrických vozidel v České republice". Odbornecasopisy.cz. Retrieved 11 December 2010.
- ^ "Skoda Citigo to be released as EV in 2019". electrive.com. 7 March 2018. Retrieved 4 December 2021.
- ^ "Skoda Kills Off The All Citigo Models, Including All-Electric Citigo iV". InsideEVs. Retrieved 4 December 2021.
- ^ Jim Motavalli (16 July 2010). "Toyota and Tesla Plan an Electric RAV4". New York Times. Retrieved 18 July 2010.
- ^ "Toyota Concept Vehicles-- RAV4 EV". Toyota USA. Archived from the original on 23 January 2012. Retrieved 22 January 2012.
- ^ Jeff Cobb (6 January 2014). "December 2013 Dashboard". HybridCars.com and Baum & Associates. Archived from the original on 7 January 2014. Retrieved 20 August 2014.
- ^ Jeff Cobb (3 December 2014). "November 2014 Dashboard". HybridCars.com and Baum & Associates. Retrieved 7 December 2014. See section "November 2014 Battery Electric Car Sales Numbers"
- ^ Sensiba, Jennifer (31 December 2020). "End of the Line for Volkswagen e-Golf Makes Way for Volkswagen ID.3". CleanTechnica. Retrieved 24 February 2022.
- ^ "Volkswagen e-Up! price and specifications". Fleet News. Retrieved 13 February 2022.
- ^ Linde, Arvid (2010). Electric Cars – The Future is Now!. Veloce Publishing Ltd. ISBN 978-1-84584-498-1.
- ^ Blanco, Sebastian (17 December 2011). "Wheego delivers first LiFe vehicle in time for Earth Day". AutoblogGreen. Retrieved 21 January 2011.
- ^ Jim Motavalli (14 March 2012). "Can The Tiny Wheego Win The Electric Car Race?". Forbes. Retrieved 22 March 2012.
- ^ a b "烧光115亿，曾经的新势力，天际汽车到底是怎么玩砸的？". www.sohu.com. Retrieved 30 December 2023.
- ^ "Sales Performance". Hyundai Motor Company. Retrieved 2 September 2022.
- ^ "Neta N01 China auto sales figures". 17 January 2019.
- ^ "Ora iQ China Sales Figures". Retrieved 6 July 2020.
- ^ a b c Zhang, Phate (15 February 2022). "Ora reportedly discontinues two lower-priced models". CnEVPost. Retrieved 6 April 2023.
- ^ "FAW-Toyota Ranz E50 EV launched on the Shanghai Auto Show". CarNewsChina.com. 24 April 2015. Retrieved 1 December 2021.
- ^ "Zotye E200 China auto sales figures". carsalesbase.com. 15 March 2016. Retrieved 27 December 2021.
- ^ Committee on Appropriations; House of Representatives; Ninety-fifth Congress; second session (1978). Department of the Interior and related agencies appropriations for 1979. U.S. Government Printing Office. p. 343. Retrieved 26 December 2010.
- ^ "Electric car for the average Joe not far away". Wheels.ca. 14 September 2012. Retrieved 9 August 2014.
- ^ John Voelcker (19 March 2013). "All-Electric Sports Car Coming Next Month From Detroit Startup?". Green Car Reports. Retrieved 19 March 2013.
- ^ "Test Extra: Enfield 8000 Electric". Autocar. 144 (4137): 66–69. 21 February 1976.
- ^ Adamson, Ian; Kennedy, Richard (1986). Sinclair and the 'Sunrise' Technology. Harmondsworth, Middlesex: Penguin Books. p. 188.
- ^ "Y10Club – Y10 elettrica". www.y10club.it. Retrieved 1 December 2021.
- ^ Jim Motavalli (12 January 2012). "The Mini-E's True Believer Gets the Keys to the First BMW ActiveE". PluginCars. Retrieved 13 January 2012.
- ^ Jim Motavalli (27 September 2010). "BMW ActiveE Electric Car Headed for U.S. Trial". New York Times. Retrieved 28 September 2010.
- ^ "EV WORLDwire: Santa Monica Introduces Electric Zero Truck Into City Fleet". Evworld.com. 21 June 2009. Retrieved 25 October 2009.
- ^ Paul Stenquist (9 September 2010). "A Plug-In Electric for Hyundai's Home Market". The New York Times. Retrieved 9 September 2010.
- ^ "25 years ago: Premiere of the Mercedes-Benz Vito 108 E". marsMediaSite. Retrieved 9 December 2021.
- ^ Michael Thwaite (10 October 2010). "MINI E Meetup: End of the Line For Electric Car 'Experiment'". Green Car Reports. Retrieved 13 January 2012.
- ^ "Nissan Eltra Electric Retrieved from Vacaville". After Gutenberg. 2 July 2006. Archived from the original on 23 November 2008. Retrieved 31 October 2007.
- ^ "Exclusive: City Transformer CT-1 first drive | Move Electric". www.moveelectric.com. Retrieved 20 March 2023.
- ^ Carey, Nick (29 January 2023). "With tiny EV, City Transformer takes aim at Europe's urban markets". Reuters. Retrieved 20 March 2023.
- ^ "Ferrari is ahead of schedule with first all-electric model". Europe Autonews. 2 November 2023. Retrieved 15 November 2023.
- ^ a b "Izera SUV and Hatchback Prototypes Aim to Become the First Polish EVs in 2023". 3 August 2020.
- ^ "Himachal Roadways launches e-bus on Kullu-Manali-Rohtang Pass route – The Hindu BusinessLine". 4 April 2019. Archived from the original on 4 April 2019.
- ^ Lambert, Fred (7 October 2022). "Tesla Semi production starts; Pepsi to get first electric trucks". Electrek. Retrieved 31 October 2022.
- ^ "SAARTHI SHAVAK E AUTO". SAARTHI SHAVAK E AUTO.
- ^ "Treo". Mahindra Electric Mobility Limited.
- ^ "Stream". Omega Seiki Mobility.
- ^ "Ape' E-City". Ape' E-City. September 2023.
- ^ "Altigreen". Altigreen Propulsion Labs.
- ^ "Kinetic Green Energy". Kinetic Green Energy.
- ^ a b "Mahindra Electric Mobility Limited". Mahindra Electric Mobility Limited.
- ^ a b "Omega Seiki Mobility". Omega Seiki Mobility.
- ^ "Kinetic Green Energy". Kinetic Green Energy & Power Solutions Ltd.