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List of paintings by Hieronymus Bosch

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Bosch's signature from the triptych Adoration of the Magi. Only a few of the surviving paintings by him are signed.

Paintings by Hieronymus Bosch, as well as paintings attributed to him or his school, have been compiled by various organizations. An investigation undertaken by The Bosch Research and Conservation Project of a multitude of Bosch's paintings included dendrochronological research and made an approximate dating of the paintings possible.[1] The findings of this investigation were published in a book in 2016.[2] The book describes the other findings of the investigation as well, such as painting technique, layer structure and pigment analyses.[3]

Bosch's works are generally organized into three periods of his life dealing with the early works (c. 1470–1485), the middle period (c. 1485–1500), and the late period (c. 1500 until his death). According to Stefan Fischer, thirteen of Bosch's surviving paintings were completed in the late period, with seven surviving paintings attributed to his middle period.[4] Bosch's early period is studied in terms of his workshop activity and possibly some of his drawings. There are no surviving paintings attributed before 1485.

Examples of Bosch's work can be found in Austria, Australia, Belgium, Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Netherlands, New Zealand, Portugal, Serbia, Spain, the UK, and the US.[citation needed]

Triptychs

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Image Details
Adoration of the Magi
Adoration of the Magi
c. 1491–1498
Oil on wood
138 × 144 cm
Museo del Prado, Madrid, Spain
 
The outer panels form a single image, Saint Gregory's Mass, rendered in grisaille.
Outside of Adoration of the Magi
Saint Gregory's Mass
c. 1491–1498
Oil on wood
138 × 144 cm
Museo del Prado, Madrid, Spain
 
The outer panels form a single image, Saint Gregory's Mass, rendered in grisaille.
The Garden of Earthly Delights
The Garden of Earthly Delights
c. 1495–1505
Oil on wood
220 × 389 cm
Museo del Prado, Madrid, Spain
 
 
Outside panels of The Garden of Earthly Delights
The Creation of the World
c. 1495–1505
Oil on wood
220 × 389 cm
Museo del Prado, Madrid, Spain
 
The outer panels of the Garden of Earthly Delights form a single image, The Creation of the World, rendered in grisaille
Hermit Saints Triptych
Hermit Saints Triptych
c. 1495–1505
Oil on wood
86 × 100 cm
Gallerie dell'Accademia, Venice
The Last Judgment
The Last Judgment
c. 1495–1505
Oil on wood
99.5 × 117.5 cm
Groeningemuseum, Bruges, Belgium
 
Attributed to Bosch and/or his workshop. The outer panels form a single image, Christ Crowned with Thorns.
Outside panels of The Last Judgment
Outside panels of "The Last Judgment"
c. 1495–1505
Oil on wood
99.5 × 117.5 cm
Groeningemuseum, Bruges, Belgium
 
The outer panels form a single image, Christ Crowned with Thorns
The Martyrdom of St. Julia
The Martyrdom of St. Julia
c. 1495–1505
Oil on wood
104 × 119 cm
Gallerie dell'Accademia, Venice, Italy
X-rays of The Martyrdom of St. Julia
The Martyrdom of St. Julia
c. 1495–1505
Oil on wood
104 × 119 cm
Gallerie dell'Accademia, Venice, Italy
X-rays of The Martyrdom of St. Julia showing the painting originally depicted donors on the left and right
The Temptation of St. Anthony
The Temptation of St. Anthony (left, central and right panels)
c. 1500–1510
Oil on wood
131.5 × 225 cm
Museu Nacional de Arte Antiga, Lisbon, Portugal
Outside panels of The Temptation of St. Anthony
The Temptation of St. Anthony (Reverse side of the outer panels)
c. 1500–1510
Oil on wood
131.5 × 225 cm
Museu Nacional de Arte Antiga, Lisbon, Portugal
 
The outer panels show two images: The Arrest of Christ and Christ Bearing the Cross, both rendered in grisaille.
The Last Judgment
The Last Judgment
c. 1500–1505
Oil on wood
163.7 × 127 cm (central panel)
167.7 × 60 cm (left wing)
167 × 60 cm (right wing)
Academie für Bildenden Künste, Vienna, Austria
 
The outer panels show two images: Saint James the Greater and Saint Bavo, both rendered in grisaille.
Outside panels of The Last Judgment
c. 1500–1505
Oil on wood
167.7 × 60 cm (left wing)
167 × 60 cm (right wing)
Academie für Bildenden Künste, Vienna, Austria
 
The outer panels show two images: Saint James the Greater and Saint Bavo, both rendered in grisaille.
The Haywain (Prado version)  
The Haywain
1510–1516
Oil on wood
147 × 232 cm (Escorial version)
135 x 190 cm (Prado version)
El Escorial, Spain (version 1)
Museo del Prado, Madrid, Spain (version 2)
 
The outer panels form a single image, usually referred to as The Path of Life.
Outside panels of The Haywain Triptych"
1510–1516
Oil on wood
135 x 190 cm (Prado version)
Museo del Prado, Madrid, Spain (version 2)
 
The outer panels form a single image, usually referred to as The Path of Life aka The Pedlar.
Passion Triptych
Passion Triptych
c. 1530
Commissioned by Mencía de Mendoza (1508–1554) for her burial chapel (the Chapel of the Epiphany) in the convent of Santo Domingo, Valencia
Oil on panel
163 × 382 cm
Museu de Belles Arts de València, Valencia, Spain
Probably not a work by Bosch, but by a Flemish follower.
 

Diptychs and polyptychs

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Image Details
The Fall of the Rebel Angels (back: Mankind Beset by Devils)The Fall of the Rebel Angels (front)Noah's Ark on Mount Ararat (front)Noah's Ark on Mount Ararat (back: Mankind Beset by Devils) ;
Diptych (Hell and the Flood [nl])
  • Mankind Beset by Devils (Panel at left Outside of The Fall of the Rebel Angels)
  • The Fall of the Rebel Angels
  • Noah's Ark on Mount Ararat
  • Mankind Beset by Devils (Panel at right outside of Noah's Ark on Mount Ararat)
Oil on wood
69.5 × 35 cm (each panel)
34.5 cm (diameter of paintings on the reverse sides)
Museum Boijmans Van Beuningen, Rotterdam, Netherlands
Polyptych (Visions of the Hereafter)
1505–15
Oil on wood
86.5 × 39.5 (each)
Gallerie dell'Accademia, Venice, Italy
 
Also known as Cardinal Grimani's Altarpiece. Probably part of a larger (four more paintings) altarpiece, now lost.

Single panels and fragments of lost altarpieces

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The life of Christ

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Image Details
Adoration of the Child
Adoration of the Child
Oil on wood
66 × 43 cm
Wallraf-Richartz Museum, Cologne, Germany
 
Bosch's authorship is disputed; possibly a copy after a lost Bosch original. Another, wider version of the same painting is kept in Noordbrabants Museum, 's-Hertogenbosch (on loan from the Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam), and yet another is in the Royal Museums of Fine Arts of Belgium in Brussels.
Adoration of the Child
Noordbrabants Museum, 's-Hertogenbosch (on loan from the Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam),
 
Wider copy
Adoration of the Magi
c. 1470–1480
Oil on wood
71.1 × 56.5 cm
Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, USA
 
Described by Friedländer as ‘an especially early work by the master’; later deemed a 16th-century pastiche; more recently thought to be a work dating back to the 1470s from Bosch's immediate circle[5]
Philadelphia Adoration of the Magi
Adoration of the Magi
Oil on wood
94 × 74 cm
Museum of Art, Philadelphia, USA
Crucifixion With a Donor
Crucifixion With a Donor
Oil on wood
74.7 × 61 cm
Royal Museums of Fine Arts of Belgium, Brussels, Belgium
Christ Carrying the Cross (Vienna)[top panel]
Christ Child with a Walking Frame(Vienna)[bottom panel]
c. 1490–1510
Oil on wood
57 × 32 cm
Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna, Austria
 
The reverse side of the panel has another painting on it, Christ Child with a Walking Frame (diameter 28 cm).
Christ Carrying the Cross
Christ Carrying the Cross (Ghent)
c. 1530–1540
Oil on wood
74 × 81 cm
Museum voor Schone Kunsten, Ghent, Belgium
 
Bosch's authorship is disputed.
Christ Carrying the Cross
Christ Carrying the Cross (Escorial)
c. 1495–1505
Oil on wood
150 × 94 cm
El Escorial, Spain
Christ Crowned with Thorns
Christ Crowned with Thorns (London)
c. 1490–1500
Oil on wood
73 × 59 cm
National Gallery, London, UK
Christ Crowned with Thorns
Christ Crowned with Thorns (Escorial)
c. 1530–1540
Oil on wood
165 × 195 cm
El Escorial, Spain

Painted neither by Bosch nor his workshop.

Ecce Homo
Ecce Homo (Philadelphia)
Oil on wood
52 × 54 cm
Museum of Art, Philadelphia, USA
 
Previously attributed to Bosch; dendrochronological analysis proved[citation needed] it to be a late 16th-century work by a follower
Ecce Homo
Ecce Homo (Frankfurt)
c. 1475–1485
Oil on wood
71 × 61 cm
Städel Museum, Frankfurt, Germany
The Marriage Feast at Cana
The Marriage Feast at Cana
Oil on wood
93 × 72 cm
Museum Boijmans Van Beuningen, Rotterdam, Netherlands
 
Several versions of this painting exist. However, none of these date from Bosch’s lifetime.
Descent of Christ into Limbo
Descent of Christ into Limbo
Oil on panel
100 cm (39.3 in); Width: 74 cm (29.1 in)
private Collection
 
Christ Descent into Hell
Christ descent into Hell
National Museum of Warsaw
 

Saints

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Image Details
St. John the Baptist in the Wilderness
St. Jerome at Prayer
c. 1485–1495
Oil on wood
77 × 59 cm
Museum voor Schone Kunsten, Ghent, Belgium
St. Christopher Carrying the Christ Child
St. Christopher Carrying the Christ Child
c. 1490–1500
Oil on wood
113 × 71.5 cm
Museum Boijmans Van Beuningen, Rotterdam, Netherlands
St. John the Baptist in the Wilderness
St. John the Baptist in the Wilderness
c. 1490–1495
Oil on wood
48.5 × 40 cm
Museo Lázaro Galdiano, Madrid, Spain
St. John the Evangelist on Patmos
St. John the Evangelist on Patmos
c. 1490–1495
Oil on wood
63 × 43.3 cm
Gemäldegalerie, Berlin, Germany
 
The reverse side of the panel has a round double painting (diameter 39 cm) on it: Scenes from the Passion of Christ (outer circle) and The Pelican with Her Young (inner circle).
Outside panel of St. John the Evangelist on Patmos
c. 1490–1495
Oil on wood
diameter 39 cm.
Gemäldegalerie, Berlin, Germany
 
The reverse side of the panel has a round double painting (diameter 39 cm) on it: Scenes from the Passion of Christ (outer circle) and The Pelican with Her Young (inner circle).
The Temptation of St. Anthony
The Temptation of St. Anthony
c. 1500–1510
Oil on wood
38.6 x 25.1 cm
Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art, Kansas City, MO, USA
 
There was a dispute as to whether this work was a Bosch autograph or a piece by the workshop until the Bosch Research and Conservation Project concluded it to be autograph based on evidence present in the underdrawing.[6]
The Temptation of St. Anthony
The Temptation of St. Anthony
c. 1530–1540
Oil on wood
70 × 51 cm
Museo del Prado, Madrid, Spain
 
Bosch's authorship is disputed.

Other works

[edit]
Image Details
Terrestrial Paradise [left panel]
Death of the Reprobate [Right panel]
c. 1500 (1490–1510)
Oil on wood
Left panel:Height: 34.5 cm (13.5 in); Width: 21 cm (8.2 in).
Right panel: 34.6 × 21.2 cm
Private collection, New York, USA
 
"Paradise" and "Reprobate" are the left and right wings of a missing Last Judgement triptych
Ship of Fools
Ship of Fools
c. 1500–1510
Oil on wood
58 × 33 cm
Louvre, Paris, France
 
Fragment of a lost triptych which also included Allegory of Gluttony and Lust (which is the lower part of the Ship of Fools wing) and Death and the Miser (the other outer wing).
Allegory of Gluttony and Lust
Allegory of Gluttony and Lust
c. 1500–1510
Oil on wood
35.8 × 32 cm
Yale University Art Gallery, New Haven, USA
 
Fragment of a lost triptych which also included Ship of Fools (the Allegory would be the lower part of that outer wing) and Death and the Miser (the other outer wing).
Death and the Miser
Death and the Miser
c. 1500–1510
Oil on wood
92.6 × 30.8 cm
National Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C., USA
 
Outer wing of a lost triptych. The other outer wing comprised Ship of Fools (top) and Allegory of Gluttony and Lust (bottom).
The Ship of Fools/Death and the Miser triptych
A reconstruction of the left and right wings of the triptych: at upper left The Ship of Fools; at lower left: Allegory of Gluttony and Lust. Panel at right is Death and the Miser. At Bottom the outer panel The Wayfarer.
The Wayfarer
The Wayfarer
c. 1500–1510
Oil on wood
71.5 cm (diameter)
Museum Boijmans Van Beuningen, Rotterdam, Netherlands
 
This is the outer panel of a lost triptych. {possibly from the Ship of Fools triptych [?]
Cutting the Stone
Cutting the Stone
c. 1500–1520
Oil on wood
48 × 35 cm
Museo del Prado, Madrid, Spain
 
Also known as The Cure of Folly.
The Seven Deadly Sins and the Four Last Things
The Seven Deadly Sins and the Four Last Things
c. 1510–1520
Oil on wood
120 × 150 cm
Museo del Prado, Madrid, Spain
Bosch's authorship is disputed.
The Last Judgment (fragment)
The Last Judgment (fragment)
c. 1530–1540
Oil on wood
60 × 114 cm
Alte Pinakothek, Munich, Germany
 
Fragment of a lost triptych. Bosch's authorship is disputed.
The Conjurer
The Conjurer
c. 1530–1540
Oil on wood
53 × 65 cm
Musée Municipal, Saint-Germain-en-Laye, France
Bosch's authorship is disputed.
Head of a Halberdier
Head of a Halberdier
Oil on wood
28 × 20 cm
Museo del Prado, Madrid, Spain
 
Fragment of a Christ Crowned with Thorns by a follower of Bosch.
Head of a Woman
Head of a Woman
Oil on wood
13 × 5 cm
Museum Boijmans Van Beuningen, Rotterdam, Netherlands
 
Fragment. Attribution uncertain.

See also

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References

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  1. ^ "BOSCH". boschproject.org.
  2. ^ Luuk Hoogstede, Ron Spronk, Robert G. Erdmann, Rik Klein Gotink, Matthijs Ilsink, Jos Koldeweij, Hanneke Nap, and Daan Veldhuizen, Hieronymus Bosch, Painter and Draughtsman – Technical Studies, Yale University Press, New Haven, 2016.
  3. ^ "Pigments in paintings". ColourLex.
  4. ^ Stefan Fischer. Bosch: The Complete Works.
  5. ^ See: Gallery Label Metropolitan Museum of Art Collection Database
  6. ^ "Authentication of Hieronymus Bosch Panel at Nelson-Atkins Called Significant". February 2016.

Further reading

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  • Matthijs Ilsink, Jos Koldeweij, Ron Spronk, Luuk Hoogstede, Robert G. Erdmann, Rik Klein Gotink, Hanneke Nap, and Daan Veldhuizen. Hieronymus Bosch: Painter and Draughtsman – Catalogue raisonné, Yale University Press, New Haven and London, 2016.
  • Luuk Hoogstede, Ron Spronk, Robert G. Erdmann, Rik Klein Gotink, Matthijs Ilsink, Jos Koldeweij, Hanneke Nap, and Daan Veldhuizen, Hieronymus Bosch, Painter and Draughtsman – Technical Studies, Yale University Press, New Haven, 2016.
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