Wikipedia:Main Page history/2021 September 3b

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Cromwell and the English cavalry at Dunbar

The Battle of Dunbar was fought between the English New Model Army, under Oliver Cromwell, and a Scottish army, commanded by David Leslie, on 3 September 1650 near Dunbar, Scotland. The first major battle of the Third English Civil War, it was decisively won by the English. The English crossed into Scotland in July, and Cromwell attempted to draw the Scots into a set-piece battle, but the Scots resisted. At the end of August Cromwell withdrew to the port of Dunbar. The Scottish army followed, and before dawn the English launched a surprise attack on the Scots, who were poorly prepared. The fighting was restricted to the north-eastern flank. Leslie was unable to reinforce those fighting, while Cromwell used his last reserve to outflank the Scots. The Scottish cavalry broke and routed; the Scottish infantry made a fighting retreat but suffered heavily. Between 300 and 500 Scots were killed, with approximately 1,000 wounded and about 6,000 or more taken prisoner from an army of 12,500 or fewer. (Full article...)

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Did you know ...

Solow Building

... that the owner of the Solow Building (pictured) tried to evict the Bank of America under a law normally used for evicting drug dealers and prostitutes?
... that American Ken Whitlock played football in Canada because of segregation in the United States?
... that Germany's players sang "Three Lions" after winning the UEFA Euro 1996 Final?
... that Naoki Saito is a contributing artist of both the Duel Masters Trading Card Game and the Pokémon Trading Card Game?
... that the Global Action Fund for Fungal Infections calculates that every year, severe fungal infections affect more than 300 million people?
... that Martin Perscheid published more than 4,300 cartoons, exploring "abysses of sexism, racism, ignorance, corruption and stupidity"?
... that the Huanaki Cultural Centre & Museum was destroyed by a cyclone?
... that one of the first activities of The Coloured Women's Club of Montreal was to help veterans returning from the Second Boer War in South Africa?

In the news

Flooding in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania

Hurricane Ida results in more than 60 deaths and causes flooding (pictured) in the Gulf Coast and Mid-Atlantic regions of the United States, leading to widespread power outages.
Amid evacuations from Afghanistan, a suicide bombing kills at least 182 people at Hamid Karzai International Airport in Kabul.
The Summer Paralympics open in Tokyo, Japan.
Ismail Sabri Yaakob is appointed as prime minister by the King of Malaysia.
Hakainde Hichilema is elected President of Zambia.

On this day

September 3

Oliver Cromwell

36 BC – The Sicilian revolt against the Second Triumvirate of the Roman Republic ended when the fleet of Sextus Pompey, the rebel leader, was defeated at the Battle of Naulochus.
1651 – English Parliamentarian forces under Oliver Cromwell (pictured) won the Battle of Worcester, the final battle of the English Civil War.
1901 – The flag of Australia flew for the first time from the Royal Exhibition Building in Melbourne.
1991 – A fire killed 25 people locked inside a burning chicken processing plant in Hamlet, North Carolina, U.S.
2001 – The Troubles: Ulster loyalists resumed a picket outside a Catholic girls' primary school in the Protestant portion of Ardoyne, in Belfast, Northern Ireland.

Umar al-Aqta (d. 863)
Percy Chapman (b. 1900)
Pauline Kael (d. 2001)

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C. K. Nagaraja Rao

The Moortidevi Award is an Indian literary award annually presented by the Bharatiya Jnanpith, a literary and research organisation. The award is given only to Indian writers writing in Indian languages included in the Eighth Schedule to the Constitution of India, and in English, with no posthumous conferral or self nomination. From 2003, the award was given to the authors for their "contemplative and perceptive work" and consisted of a cash prize of ₹1 lakh (US$1,600), a citation plaque, a shawl, and a statue of Saraswati, the Hindu goddess of knowledge and wisdom. The cash prize was raised to ₹2 lakh (US$2,800) in 2011 and to ₹4 lakh (US$5,600) in 2013. The first recipient of the award was the Kannada writer C. K. Nagaraja Rao (pictured), who was honoured in 1983 for his novel, Pattamahadevi Shantala Devi, which was published in four volumes. The award has been conferred upon twenty-nine writers including one female author: In 1991, Odia academic and writer Pratibha Ray became the first woman to win the award and was honoured for the 1985 novel Yajnasani. Hindi writer and professor Vishwanath Tiwari is the most recent recipient of the award. (Full list...)

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Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‑CoV‑2) is the virus that causes COVID-19, the respiratory illness responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic. Like other coronaviruses, SARS-CoV-2 has four structural proteins, known by the letters S (spike), E (envelope), M (membrane), and N (nucleocapsid); the N protein holds the RNA genome, and the S, E, and M proteins together create the viral envelope. This colourised transmission electron micrograph shows SARS-CoV-2 virus particles emerging from the surface of cells cultured in a laboratory. The crown-like spikes on the outer edge of the virus particles give coronaviruses their name, derived from Latin corona, 'crown'.

Photograph credit: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Rocky Mountain Laboratories

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