Wikipedia:Main Page history/2019 September 9

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From today's featured article

Lower jaw with three teeth

Ambondro mahabo is a mammal from the middle Jurassic (about 167 million years ago) of Madagascar. The only species of the genus Ambondro, it is known from a fragmentary lower jaw with three teeth (pictured), interpreted as the last premolar and the first two molars. The premolar consists of a central cusp with one or two smaller cusps and a cingulum (shelf) on the inner, or lingual, side of the tooth. The molars have a similar cingulum, three cusps at the front, and a talonid with a main cusp, a smaller cusp, and a crest at the back. Features of the talonid suggest that Ambondro had tribosphenic molars, the basic arrangement of molar features also present in marsupial and placental mammals. It is the oldest known mammal with putatively tribosphenic teeth; at the time of its discovery it antedated the second oldest example by about 25 million years. (Full article...)

Part of the Mesozoic mammals of Madagascar series, one of Wikipedia's featured topics.

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Did you know...

Aerial view of Mikhailovsky Garden

... that Carlo Rossi designed a pavilion and a bridge for his redevelopment of the Mikhailovsky Garden (pictured) in Saint Petersburg?
... that comic books by Magdalene Visaggio have been nominated for two Eisner Awards and three GLAAD Media Awards?
... that Andi Herzog is the most capped footballer in Austrian history and the only player to win more than 100 caps?
... that Petro Kilekwa from Zambia was enslaved because his mother could not pay the ransom – eight yards (7.3 m) of calico cloth?
... that after the September 11 attacks, a seldom-staffed temporary border patrol checkpoint was installed on Interstate 91 near White River Junction, Vermont, about 100 miles (160 km) from the Canadian border?
... that as general manager of the municipal theatres in Frankfurt, Harry Buckwitz staged plays by Brecht including Mutter Courage, and recruited Georg Solti for the opera?
... that China is the only country in the world to have a licensed vaccine for hepatitis E?
... that military historian Dominick Graham was a prisoner of war in Italy during World War II, and later returned as a member of the British Olympic skiing team?

In the news

Robert Mugabe

The Indian Space Research Organisation loses contact with Chandrayaan-2's Vikram lunar lander approximately 2.1 kilometres (1.3 mi) above the Moon's surface.
Former Zimbabwean president Robert Mugabe (pictured) dies at the age of 95.
A fire aboard a charter boat near Santa Cruz Island in California leaves at least thirty-three people dead and one other missing.
Hurricane Dorian makes landfall in the Bahamas as a Category 5 hurricane, killing at least 50 people and leaving hundreds of others missing.

On this day

September 9: Day of Tasu'a (Shia Islam, 2019); Day of the Foundation of the Republic in North Korea (1948); Independence Day in Tajikistan (1991)

Amalthea

1320 – Byzantine–Latin Wars: Byzantine forces defeated Achaean troops in the Battle of Saint George, taking control of the Morea region of Greece.
1493 – Ottoman wars in Europe: At the Battle of Krbava Field, a large Croatian army intercepted an Ottoman force returning to the Sanjak of Bosnia, but was defeated.
1892 – At the Lick Observatory, California, Edward Emerson Barnard discovered Amalthea (pictured), the third moon of Jupiter and the last natural satellite discovered by direct visual observation.
1969 – Allegheny Airlines Flight 853 collided in mid-air with a Piper PA-28 Cherokee flown by a student pilot near Fairland, Indiana, destroying both aeroplanes and killing all 83 occupants of both aircraft.
2001 – Ahmad Shah Massoud, leader of the Northern Alliance, was assassinated in Afghanistan.

Frank Chance (b. 1877) · Chaim Topol (b. 1935) · Edward Teller (d. 2003)

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From today's featured list

Nineteen specials of Casualty have been produced. Casualty is a British medical drama television series that premiered in the United Kingdom on BBC One on 6 September 1986. It is the longest-running emergency medical drama television series in the world, as well as the most enduring medical drama broadcast on primetime television in the world. Its special episodes include the first webisode commissioned for a BBC continuing drama. Casualty filmed a sketch for charity telethon Children in Need in 2009, featuring charity mascot Pudsey Bear. In 2010, cast members on the show filmed a tribute to BBC soap opera EastEnders and Blue Peter presenter Joel Defries presented a segment of the show from the Casualty set. Webisodes have been created to explore characters in more detail. Other webisodes are designed to help progress storylines on the main show. (Full list...)

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Today's featured picture

Cardinal Richelieu (9 September 1585 – 4 December 1642) was a French clergyman and statesman. He was consecrated as a bishop in 1607 and was appointed foreign secretary in 1616. Richelieu soon rose in both the Catholic Church and the French government, becoming a cardinal in 1622 and King Louis XIII's chief minister in 1624. He remained in office until his death in 1642; he was succeeded by Cardinal Mazarin, whose career he had fostered.

This picture is an oil-on-canvas painting by French artist Philippe de Champaigne, entitled Triple Portrait of Cardinal de Richelieu, completed c. 1642. The portrait shows the cardinal from three angles: right profile, face-on, and left profile. Aged nearly 60, he wears a scarlet liturgical skullcap (zucchetto) and cape (mozzetta). Under the broad collar of a white shirt, tied at the neck with a trailing string, is the characteristic blue ribbon of the Order of the Holy Spirit, from which hangs the Maltese cross of the order as a pectoral cross. The painting is now in the collection of the National Gallery, London.

Painting credit: Philippe de Champaigne

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