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FX2–Division
A long green bus travels on exclusive bus lanes
FX bus on the busway to Tilikum Crossing
Overview
SystemFrequent Express
OperatorTriMet
GaragePowell
VehicleNova Bus LFS articulated
StatusOperational
Began serviceSeptember 18, 2022 (2022-09-18)[1]
Predecessors2–Division
Route
LocalePortland, Oregon, U.S.
Start5th & Hoyt, Union Station
ViaPortland Transit Mall, Division Street
EndCleveland Park and Ride, Gresham
Length15 mi (24 km)
Stations47
Service
LevelDaily
Frequency12 minutes
Daily ridership8,100 (Spring 2024)[2]
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FX2–Division, or simply FX2, is a rapid bus route in Portland, Oregon, United States, operated by TriMet as part of Frequent Express. The 15-mile (24 km) route runs east–west from 5th & Hoyt on the Portland Transit Mall in downtown Portland to Cleveland Avenue Park and Ride in Gresham via Division Street. It connects Portland City Center, Portland State University (PSU), South Waterfront, Southeast Portland, and central Gresham, with transfers to MAX Light Rail and the Portland Streetcar.

The Portland metropolitan area's regional government, Metro, adopted the Regional High Capacity Transit System Plan in 2009 and initially identified Powell Boulevard between downtown Portland and Gresham as a priority for public transit investment. Subsequent planning ultimately resulted in a bus route alternative farther north along Division Street. Construction of the Division Transit Project began in October 2019, and the FX2 route opened on September 18, 2022.

History

[edit]

Planning

[edit]
refer to caption
A TriMet bus on route 2–Division on the Hawthorne Bridge, which ceased to be part of the Division Street bus service's route when FX replaced route 2 and shifted to Tilikum Crossing[3]

High-capacity transit (HCT)[a] planning for the Portland metropolitan area, previously evaluated in the 1982 Light Rail System Plan,[5]: 2–3  was updated by Metro, the regional government, when it adopted the Regional High Capacity Transit System Plan on July 9, 2009.[5]: e [6] The updated plan identified corridors viable for HCT and deemed Powell Boulevard between downtown Portland and the eastern suburb of Gresham a "near-term regional priority".[5]: 22–23 [7] Four years later, Metro and the region's transit agency, TriMet, began studying alignment and mode alternatives for the corridor, as well as for Division Street several blocks farther north, with BRT, light rail, and streetcar under consideration.[8][9] At the time, Powell and Division were served by bus routes 9–Powell Blvd and 4–Division/Fessenden, respectively, which together carried more than 17,000 riders daily.[10]

In 2014, a steering committee for the Powell–Division Transit and Development Project was formed,[11] whose members voted that September to discontinue studying rail alternatives in favor of bus-only options, citing fewer property and roadway impacts and a shorter construction time.[12] Conceptual design work began two months later.[11] The following year, plans for dedicated bus lanes, a key feature of BRT, were abandoned;[13] planners defended this decision by claiming that reducing car lanes would "likely result in traffic diversion to other streets and significant delay".[14] The system would use transit signal priority to move buses quickly instead.[13]

The steering committee initially wanted a route that would use Powell Boulevard on its westernmost section, head north to Division Street somewhere between 52nd and 92nd avenues, and terminate at Mt. Hood Community College (MHCC) in Gresham.[12][15] In March 2016, a study conducted by TriMet revealed that this preferred route would take approximately 11 minutes longer to travel than the existing bus service.[16] It was also estimated to exceed $200 million;[17]: 8, 10  to ensure federal funding was acquired, a target cost was set at $175 million.[18] The steering committee recommended a locally preferred alternative (LPA) on November 7, 2016.[19] The LPA dropped the Powell segment in favor of a Division Street-only alignment, with a route through the Portland Transit Mall instead of Columbia and Jefferson streets in downtown Portland. The steering committee had remained undecided on whether the route would use the Hawthorne Bridge or Tilikum Crossing to cross the Willamette River,[17]: 6, 7  but TriMet planners later opted to use Tilikum Crossing.[20] The LPA had also scaled back the route's eastern end to terminate at Gresham Central Transit Center, rather than at MHCC, to lower cost,[17]: 10 [21] but subsequent LPA refinements re-extended the route slightly farther east to the Cleveland Avenue MAX station.[20]

Metro transferred the project to TriMet in December 2016,[22] and TriMet renamed it the "Division Transit Project".[23] The design contract for stations, traffic signals, and civil infrastructure improvements was awarded to WSP USA the following year.[24][25] In September 2018, scheduled service changes split bus route 4–Division/Fessenden into two lines, and a new 2–Division line took over the Division Transit Project route on the east side.[26][27] The following month, TriMet unveiled a mock-up station in Gresham with a borrowed articulated bus from C-Tran, the transit agency serving Clark County, Washington, to simulate boarding.[28][29] In March 2019, TriMet issued a request for proposals (RFP) for the procurement of 60-foot (18 m) articulated buses and received responses from BYD Auto, New Flyer, and Nova Bus. During an initial evaluation process, TriMet noted that the battery electric buses proposed by BYD and New Flyer did not meet the RFP's specifications and eliminated the bus type from further consideration. That August, TriMet selected Nova as the manufacturer and, in the following month, placed an initial order for 31 diesel buses with an option to purchase as many as 159 diesel and hybrid electric bus alternatives.[30][31]

Funding and construction

[edit]
An FX bus station surrounded by a chain link fence while it was under construction
SE 43rd Ave station in March 2022, during construction

The Division Transit Project was estimated at $175 million,[32] half of which was anticipated to be funded by the Federal Transit Administration (FTA) under the Small Starts program.[33][34] In August 2018, the Portland City Council authorized $17.7 million to cover its share of local funding, sourced through developer fees,[35] and Gresham allocated $500,000 the following month.[36] The project received tentative approval from the FTA for $87.4 million in April 2019,[37] and was formally awarded the grant on January 23, 2020.[38][39] Federal Highway Administration funds contributed another $27.9 million, while $40.7 million from TriMet, $240,000 from Metro, $150,000 from the Oregon Department of Transportation, and $130,000 from Multnomah County covered the remaining local share.[40]

TriMet appointed Portland-based Raimore Construction, a certified disadvantaged business enterprise (DBE), as the Division Transit Project's general contractor.[38] It was the largest contract ever awarded in Oregon to a DBE—a business majority-owned by women or minorities.[41] DBEs ultimately completed at least 84 percent of the overall project.[41] Early construction work began in October 2019. Work was split into three zones on the east side and progressed concurrently from east to west.[42][43] Construction of the first station platforms had begun by June 2020.[44] By October, 19 platforms had been poured, and seven bioswales and five pedestrian safety islands had been built.[45] Crews completed around 40 percent of the project within the first year despite working through the COVID-19 pandemic.[46][47] In April 2021, TriMet opened the first two upgraded stations at 130th Avenue eastbound and 135th Avenue westbound for use by buses on the existing 2–Division route.[48][49] That June, TriMet unveiled the articulated bus that would serve the project and announced that the service would be called "Frequent Express", or "FX".[50][51] Operator training of the new buses started in April 2022.[52][53]

While building the Division Transit Project, TriMet collaborated with the Portland Bureau of Transportation's (PBOT) Outer Division Safety Project, which focused on an area between 80th and 174th avenues, for additional safety improvements; PBOT lowered the speed limit to 30 miles per hour (48 km/h), installed speed cameras and more street lighting, filled in sidewalks, and painted signalized crosswalks.[54][55]

Opening and impact

[edit]
A TriMet Service Alert sign announcing the closure of a 2-Division bus stop upon FX2–Division's launch

In June 2022, TriMet announced service level reductions for 10 bus routes, including the future FX2–Division route, due to a lack of operators. The operator shortage was the largest in the agency's history,[56] and it was attributed to competition from other transit and delivery services and safety concerns amid an increase in assaults on drivers.[57] In its application for FTA funding, TriMet had promised service frequencies on FX2–Division as often as six minutes;[34]: 1  as a result of the driver shortage, service was reduced to every 12 minutes.[58][59]

TriMet held a grand opening celebration for FX on September 17, 2022. Festival venues included OMSI/Southeast Water station, Portland Community College Southeast campus, and Gresham Central Transit Center. FX rides between the sites were free,[60] and the Portland Streetcar also offered free rides to encourage people to transfer to FX and attend the festivities.[61] FX2–Division began revenue service the following day, on September 18.[3][62]

Several weeks after opening, the Willamette Week published an article that compared the travel times of FX2–Division with the former 2–Division route. TriMet had estimated that service would be 15 to 20 percent faster than the original route, which took 66 minutes to travel from Gresham to downtown Portland; the article claimed that FX took 67 minutes at peak commute hours for the same trip.[63]

Route

[edit]
FX2 uses the transit-only Tilikum Crossing to cross the Willamette River.

FX2 begins in downtown Portland, at the northern end of the Portland Transit Mall near Union Station on Irving and 5th streets; 5th and Hoyt station is its western terminus.[64] Within the transit mall, buses travel in a one-way pair, Portland-bound on 6th Avenue and Gresham-bound on 5th Avenue, except on a segment between Lincoln and Hall streets where Portland-bound buses use 4th Avenue. From Lincoln Street, the route follows the shared Portland–Milwaukie light rail transitway eastward through Harbor Viaduct and Tilikum Crossing. It diverges on 7th Avenue, circles one block, then enters Division Street from 8th Avenue.[65] The route stays on Division Street through Southeast Portland and Gresham until Roberts Avenue,[66][67] where buses turn for 8th Street and terminate at the Cleveland Ave Park & Ride. Buses bound for Portland in central Gresham turn from 8th Street back to Division Street via Kelley Avenue.[68]

Stations

[edit]

FX2 serves 42 stations within the cities of Portland and Gresham, primarily along Division Street.[69] They are spaced an average 13 mile (0.54 km) apart, and their locations were selected based on demand, safety, connections to other transit routes, and key destinations.[59] Stops east of Division Street and 11th Avenue were built as part of the Division Transit Project; four station types were designed to accommodate right-of-way restrictions,[70] with stations along the outer parts of the route (east of 82nd Avenue) built larger with more amenities.[43] Station areas vary in length, from 48 to 56 feet (14.6 to 17.1 m),[70] and typically consist of a shelter, station marker, trashcan, and utility cabinet.[71] Shelters also vary in length, from 8 to 20 feet (2.4 to 6.1 m), and are glass-covered.[72] Platforms are long enough to accommodate simultaneous boarding of the three-door buses,[69] and larger stations are wider to incorporate bicycle lanes.[73][74]

List of FX2–Division stations
Station[64] Location Connections and notes[75][76]
Eastbound Westbound
NW 5th & Hoyt Portland
Transit
Mall
Connects to Amtrak, MAX (Green, Orange, Yellow)
NW 5th & Davis NW 6th & Flanders Connects to MAX (Green, Orange, Yellow)
SW 5th & Washington SW 6th & Harvey Milk Connects to MAX (Green, Orange, Yellow)
SW 5th & Salmon SW 6th & Taylor Connects to MAX (Blue, Green, Orange, Red, Yellow)
SW 5th & Columbia SW 6th & Columbia Connects to MAX (Green, Orange, Yellow)
SW 5th & Hall SW Hall & 5th Connects to MAX (Green, Orange, Yellow), Portland Streetcar (A/B, NS)
SW Lincoln & 1st Southwest
Portland
Connects to MAX (Orange)
South Waterfront/S Moody South
Portland
Connects to MAX (Orange), Portland Streetcar (A/B, NS)
OMSI/SE Water Southeast
Portland
Connects to MAX (Orange), Portland Streetcar (A/B)
SE 11th/12th Ave
SE 20th Ave
SE 26th Ave
SE 30th Ave
SE 34th Ave
SE Cesar Chavez Blvd
SE 43rd Ave
SE 51st Ave
SE 59th/60th Ave
SE 67th/68th Ave
SE 75th/76th Ave
SE 82nd Ave
SE 85th/87th Ave
SE Division St MAX Station Connects to MAX (Green)
SE 101st Ave
11100 Block/SE 113th Ave
SE 116th Ave
SE 122nd Ave
SE 130th Ave
SE 135th/136th Ave
SE 142nd Ave/14200 Block
SE 148th Ave
SE 157th Ave
SE 162nd Ave
SE 168th Ave
SE 174th Ave
18000/18200 Block Gresham
NW Eastwood Ave
NW Angeline St
NW Civic Dr/Overlook Ave
NW Eastman Pkwy/Gresham City Hall Park & Ride Connects to MAX (Blue)
Gresham Central Transit Center Connects to MAX (Blue), Sandy Area Metro
Cleveland Ave Park & Ride Connects to MAX (Blue)

Service and ridership

[edit]

FX2 operates daily with service from 4:04 am to 2:35 am the following day on weekdays, and 4:26 am to 1:39 am on Saturdays and Sundays. Buses run with a headway of 12 minutes during most of the day; they run more frequently during weekday rush hours and less frequently during the early mornings and late evenings.[56][77] Fares are collected using the Hop Fastpass payment system. Card readers located on board next to each of the bus's three doors. Riders paying with cash must board at the front door, where there is a farebox and a ticket printer.[78]

In Fall 2022, TriMet recorded 5,860 rides during weekdays at a cost per ride of $6.93.[79] The agency had recorded 4,470 weekday rides on the former 2–Division line in Spring 2022, an increase of 23.7 percent.[80] However, ridership remains below pre-pandemic levels with 9,140 weekday rides recorded on the predecessor in Fall 2019.[81]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Introducing Frequent Express". TriMet. Archived from the original on May 6, 2022. Retrieved May 15, 2022.
  2. ^ "Route Ridership Report Spring 2024" (PDF). trimet.org. June 27, 2024. Archived (PDF) from the original on July 23, 2024. Retrieved July 22, 2024.
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  7. ^ "The Regional High Capacity Transit Plan (Fall 2009)" (PDF). Metro. September 1, 2009. p. 2. Archived from the original (PDF) on October 22, 2020. Retrieved October 22, 2020.
  8. ^ Powell–Division Transit and Development Project—Transit Alternatives Screening Report (PDF) (Report). Metro. September 29, 2014. p. 1. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 18, 2020. Retrieved October 31, 2020.
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  13. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference portland's-next-ride was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
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  30. ^ "Resolution No. 19-09-78 of the Tri-County Metropolitan Transportation District of Oregon (TriMet) authorizing a contract with Nova Bus, a division of Prevost Car (US), Inc. (Nova) for the purchase of sixty-foot diesel and diesel-hybrid transit buses for the Division Transit Project (DTP) and future service expansion" (PDF). TriMet. September 18, 2019. pp. 1–3. Archived from the original (PDF) on July 19, 2020. Retrieved November 16, 2020.
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  61. ^ @PDXStreetcar (September 17, 2022). "We're giving free rides all day today to celebrate the grand opening of @trimet's FX2-Division! Transfer to that line and check out a festival from our stop at OMSI" (Tweet). Retrieved September 17, 2022 – via Twitter.
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  77. ^ FX2–Division schedules:
  78. ^ Boarding and paying your fare on FX. TriMet. August 8, 2022. Archived from the original on August 30, 2022. Retrieved August 22, 2022 – via YouTube.
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[edit]


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