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The Commonwealth
Member states of the Commonwealth
HeadquartersMarlborough House
London, SW1
United Kingdom
Working languageEnglish
TypeVoluntary Association[1]
Member states
Leaders
• Head
Charles III
Patricia Scotland
Boris Johnson
Establishment
19 November 1926
11 December 1931[2]
28 April 1949
Area
• Total
29,958,050 km2 (11,566,870 sq mi)
Population
• 2016 estimate
2,418,964,000
• Density
75/km2 (194.2/sq mi)
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
A flag featuring both cross and saltire in red, white and blue
Anthem: "God Save the King"[note 1]
Location of the Ric36/sandbox (dark green)

in Europe (dark grey)

Capital
and largest city
London
51°30′N 0°7′W / 51.500°N 0.117°W / 51.500; -0.117
Official language
and national language
English
Regional and minority languages[note 2]
Ethnic groups
(2011)
Religion
Demonym(s)
Constituent countries
GovernmentUnitary parliamentary
constitutional monarchy
• Monarch
George VII
Liz Truss
LegislatureParliament
House of Lords
House of Commons
Formation
1535 and 1542
24 March 1603
1 May 1707
1 January 1801
5 December 1922
Area
• Total
242,495 km2 (93,628 sq mi)[11] (78th)
• Water (%)
1.51 (2015)[10]
Population
• 2020 estimate
Neutral increase 67,886,004[12] (21st)
• 2011 census
63,182,178[13] (22nd)
• Density
270.7/km2 (701.1/sq mi) (50th)
GDP (PPP)2021 estimate
• Total
Increase $3.174 trillion[14] (10th)
• Per capita
Increase $47,089[14] (24th)
GDP (nominal)2021 estimate
• Total
Increase $3.124 trillion[14] (5th)
• Per capita
Increase $46,344[14] (21st)
Gini (2018)Negative increase 33.5[15]
medium inequality (33rd)
HDI (2019)Increase 0.932[16]
very high (13th)
CurrencyPound sterling[note 4] (GBP)
Time zoneUTC (Greenwich Mean Time, WET)
• Summer (DST)
UTC+1 (British Summer Time, WEST)
[note 5]
Date formatdd/mm/yyyy
yyyy-mm-dd (AD)
Drives onleft[note 6]
Calling code+44[note 7]
ISO 3166 codeGB
Internet TLD.uk[note 8]
November 2024
Week Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat Sun
W44 28 29 30 31 01 02 03
W45 04 05 06 07 08 09 10
W46 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
W47 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
W48 25 26 27 28 29 30 01



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"The Post-Modern Prometheus" is the fifth episode of the fifth season of the American science fiction television series The X-Files, originally airing on the Fox network on November 30, 1997. It was written and directed by series creator Chris Carter. The story follows FBI agents Fox Mulder (David Duchovny) and Dana Scully (Gillian Anderson) as they investigate a creature called "The Great Mutato" that has impregnated a middle-aged woman; it turns out to be the genetic creation of a Frankenstein-like doctor. The creature is first ostracized and then accepted by his community. Carter's story draws heavily on Mary Shelley's Frankenstein (subtitled The Modern Prometheus) and particularly on James Whale's 1931 film version of the story. The episode was filmed in black and white, with a sky backdrop imitating the style of old Frankenstein films. Talk-show host Jerry Springer appeared as himself, and Chris Owens played The Great Mutato. Many critics praised the episode; some even called it a "classic". It was nominated for seven awards at the 1998 Emmys, winning one. (Full article...)

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SMS Gefion
A 1902 lithograph showing SMS Gefion, an unprotected cruiser of the Imperial German Navy completed in 1895. Gefion was involved in the Battle of Taku Forts (1900) before being modernized. During World War I, Gefion served as a barracks ship. In 1920 it was sold for service as a freighter, only to be scrapped three years later.

Though Gefion was intended for service in the German colonial empire and as a fleet scout, the design was unsuccessful in both roles and soon replaced by the newer Gazelle class of light cruisers.Lithograph: Hugo Graf; restoration: Adam Cuerden

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  1. ^ "Commonwealth Charter". Retrieved 5 March 2019. Recalling that the Commonwealth is a voluntary association of independent and equal sovereign states, each responsible for its own policies, consulting and co-operating in the common interests of our peoples and in the promotion of international understanding and world peace, and influencing international society to the benefit of all through the pursuit of common principles and values
  2. ^ "Annex B – Territories Forming Part of the Commonwealth" (PDF). [[Civil Service (United Kingdom)|]]. September 2011. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-12-06. Retrieved 19 November 2013.
  3. ^ "National Anthem". Official web site of the British Royal Family. 15 January 2016. Retrieved 4 June 2016.
  4. ^ "List of declarations made with respect to treaty No. 148". Council of Europe. Retrieved 12 December 2013.
  5. ^ "Welsh language on GOV.UK – Content design: planning, writing and managing content – Guidance". www.gov.uk. Retrieved 3 August 2018.
  6. ^ "Welsh language scheme". GOV.UK. Retrieved 3 August 2018.
  7. ^ "Welsh language scheme". GOV.UK. Retrieved 3 August 2018.
  8. ^ "UNdata | record view | Population by religion, sex and urban/rural residence". data.un.org. Retrieved 13 October 2018.
  9. ^ Philby, Charlotte (12 December 2012). "Less religious and more ethnically diverse: Census reveals a picture of Britain today". The Independent. London.
  10. ^ "Surface water and surface water change". Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). Retrieved 11 October 2020.
  11. ^ "Demographic Yearbook – Table 3: Population by sex, rate of population increase, surface area and density" (PDF). United Nations Statistics Division. 2012. Retrieved 9 August 2015. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  12. ^ "World Population Prospects - Population Division - United Nations". population.un.org. Retrieved 31 March 2020.
  13. ^ "2011 UK censuses". Office for National Statistics. Retrieved 17 December 2012.
  14. ^ a b c d "World Economic Outlook database: April 2021". International Monetary Fund. April 2021.
  15. ^ "Gini coefficient of equivalised disposable income - EU-SILC survey". ec.europa.eu. Eurostat. Retrieved 22 June 2020.
  16. ^ "Human Development Report 2020" (PDF). United Nations Development Programme. 15 December 2020. Retrieved 15 December 2020.


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