Jochi (c. 1182 – c. 1225) was a prince in the Mongol Empire. For months before his birth, his mother Börte had been a captive of the Merkit tribe, one of whom forcibly married and raped her. Although there was thus doubt over his parentage, Börte's husband Genghis Khan considered Jochi his son and treated him as such. Many Mongols, most prominently Börte's next son Chagatai, disagreed; these tensions eventually caused Jochi's exclusion from the line of succession. After Genghis founded the Mongol Empire in 1206, he entrusted Jochi with nine thousand warriors and a large territory in the west of the Mongol heartland; Jochi campaigned extensively to extend Mongol power in the region. He also commanded an army during the invasion of the Khwarazmian Empire, but tensions arose between him and his family during the siege of Gurganj in 1221. They were still estranged when Jochi died of ill health. His descendants continued to rule his territories, which became known as the Golden Horde. (Full article...)
... that in the 18th century the Mawali tribe (pictured) was driven from the Syrian steppe to the regions of Hama and Idlib, where their descendants live today?
... that a reviewer described Ceechynaa, who entered the UK singles chart earlier this month with "Peggy", as "proudly waving the sexual liberation flag"?
... that vitamin E was named "tocopherol" as it was identified as essential for live births in rats?
... that in the 1950s Michel Klein opened one of the first veterinary practices in Paris?
... that newspaper publisher Jacob Frolich built trapdoors and hiding places in his house in case it was raided by Radical Republicans?
... that nearly 300 construction workers showed up at 8 am to continue building Chernobyl Reactors 5 and 6, unaware of the Chernobyl disaster earlier that day?
... that war correspondent Bernard Gray was killed while travelling as an unofficial passenger aboard a Royal Navy submarine during the Second World War?
Law No 2289/1995, as amended by Law No. 4001/2011: [2] ("the continental shelf and the exclusive economic zone (once declared), to a distance of 200 nautical miles from the baselines from which the breadth of the territorial sea is measured […] the outer limit of continental shelf and of the exclusive economic zone (once declared) is the median line, every point of which is equidistant from the nearest points on the baselines (both continental and insular) from which the breadth of the territorial sea is measured"
2012/2013 oil concessions dispute, near Kastellorizo; Greek statement: [3] ("all Greek islands, including the islands of Rhodes and the insular group of Castellorizo, enjoy, beyond their territorial waters, maritime zones as any other land territory" [...] "ab initio and ipso facto sovereign rights"; pointing to "Law No 2289/1995, as amended by Law No. 4001/2011"
Turkish response, 2013: equity versus strict application of median lines, "semi-enclosed seas where special circumstances prevail"
2016, Turkish note [4]: "islands do not necessarily generate full maritime jurisdiction zones […] when they are competing against continental land areas", points to precedents (UK vs. France over Channel Islands, Tunisia vs Italy, Romania vs Ukraine over Serpent Island, Bangladesh vs Myanmar, Nicaragua vs Colombia)
Further refs
Yiallourides, Constantinos (2019). Maritime disputes and international law: Disputed waters and seabed resources in Asia and Europe. London: Routledge. "In some situations involving small islands that are remote from the coast of the State to which they belong and midway or even closer to the coast of another State, it is possible that they may [be] 'substantially discounted' for delimitation purposes if their use is perceived to have an inequitable distorting effect on the final boundary line". Several precedents from ICJ, ITLOS and others: Libya/Malta (discounting Filfla); Tunisia/Libya (discounting Djerba); Guinea/Guinea-Bissau arbitration (discounting Alcatraz); Qatar/Bahrain (discounting Qit'at al Jaradah and Fasht al Jarim); Romania/Ukraine (discounting Serpent Island)
The cinnamon hummingbird (Amazilia rutila) is a species of hummingbird in the "tribe of the emeralds", Trochilini. Currently, four regional subspecies are recognized. It is predominantly found along the Pacific western coast of Mexico and south through Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua and Costa Rica, with some also residing in Belize and the southern Mexican states of Campeche, Quintana Roo and Yucatán. Cinnamon hummingbirds are typically found at or just slightly above sea level, often inhabiting coastal and lowland areas, as well as further inland in warmer locations in the southern parts of their range. The hummingbird has a length of approximately 9.5 to 11.5 centimetres (3.7 to 4.5 in), and on average weighs about 5 to 5.5 grams (0.18 to 0.19 oz). Its diet usually consists of food foraged from the understory to the mid-story, but it will also visit taller flowering trees. The cinnamon hummingbird feeds on nectar from a very wide variety of flowering plants and also eats insects. It is a territorial species, defending its feeding sites from intrusion by other hummingbirds, bees, and butterflies. This cinnamon hummingbird feeding from a flower in flight was photographed in Los Tarrales Natural Reserve near Patulul, Guatemala.
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