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George Floyd Jr. (born 1960) is an American former professional football player who was a defensive back for two seasons with the New York Jets in the National Football League. Floyd played college football for the Eastern Kentucky University Colonels, where he won the 1979 National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I-AA football championship and set several school records, including for the most career interceptions (22), and the most career interception return yards (328). Floyd appeared in ten games during the 1982 New York Jets season, including three playoff games. He missed the entire 1983 season and appeared in eight games during the 1984 season before retiring after his third knee injury. He was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame in 1999. After the murder of George Floyd, an unrelated black American man, in May 2020, his photograph was erroneously included in a montage at the funeral. As of 2023, Floyd is a defensive backs coach for Conner High School in Kentucky. (Full article...)
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Pyromorphite is a mineral species composed of lead chlorophosphate: Pb5(PO4)3Cl, sometimes occurring in sufficient abundance to be mined as an ore of lead. First distinguished chemically by Martin Heinrich Klaproth in 1784, it was named pyromorphite by Johann Friedrich Ludwig Hausmann in 1813. It is usually green, yellow or brown in color, with a resinous lustre. Crystals are common and have the form of a hexagonal prism terminated by the basal planes, sometimes combined with narrow faces of a hexagonal pyramid. Other forms include crystals with a barrel-like curvature and globular or reniform masses. Pyromorphite is part of the apatite group of minerals and bears a close resemblance physically and chemically with two other minerals, mimetite and vanadinite. This focus-stacked photograph, merged from 26 separate images, shows a sample of pyromorphite extracted from the Resuperferolitica Mine in Santa Eufemia, in the Spanish province of Córdoba. The sample measures 3.5 cm × 3.0 cm × 1.5 cm (1.38 in × 1.18 in × 0.59 in).

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十八 和 一个音符 一半


PURIN!!

Armadillos are small placental mammals, known for having a leathery armor shell. The Dasypodidae are the only surviving family in the order Cingulata, part of the superorder Xenarthra along with the anteaters and sloths. The word armadillo is Spanish for "little armored one."

There are approximately 10 extant genera and around 20 extant species of armadillo, some of which are distinguished by the number of bands on their armor. Their average length is about 75 centimeters (30 in), including tail; the Giant Armadillo grows up to 1.5 m (5 ft) and weigh 59 kg (130 lbs), while the Pink Fairy Armadillos are diminutive species with an overall length of 12–15 cm (4–5 in). All species are native to the Americas, where they inhabit a variety of environments.

In the United States, the sole resident armadillo is the Nine-banded Armadillo (Dasypus novemcinctus), which is most common in the central southernmost states, particularly Texas. Their range is as far east as South Carolina and Florida and as far north as Nebraska, and while cold winters have slowed the expansion of their range (due to a lack of sufficient body fat), they have been consistently expanding their range over the last century due to a lack of natural predators and have been found as north far as Illinois and Indiana, and are expected to eventually reach Ohio before the cold winters inhibit their expansion.

Contents [hide] 1 Habitat and anatomy 2 Classification 3 Armadillos and humans 3.1 In science 3.2 In American culture 4 Notes 5 References 6 External links


[edit] Habitat and anatomy Armadillos are prolific diggers. Many species use their sharp claws to dig for food, such as grubs, and to dig dens. The Nine-banded Armadillo prefers to build burrows in moist soil near the creeks, streams, and arroyos around which it lives and feeds. The diet of different armadillo species varies, but consists mainly of insects, grubs, and other invertebrates. Some species, however, are almost entirely formicivorous (feeding mainly on ants).[citation needed]

Armadillos have poor vision but are not blind.

The armor is formed by plates of dermal bone covered in relatively small, overlapping epidermal scales called "scutes," composed of bone with a covering of horn. In most species, there are rigid shields over the shoulders and hips, with a number of bands separated by flexible skin covering the back and flanks. Additional armor covers the top of the head, the upper parts of the limbs, and the tail. The underside of the animal is never armored, and is simply covered with soft skin and fur.[1]

This armor-like skin appears to be the main defense of many armadillos, although most escape predators by fleeing (often into thorny patches, from which their armor protects them) or digging to safety. Only the South American three-banded armadillos (Tolypeutes) rely heavily on their armor for protection. When threatened by a predator, Tolypeutes species frequently roll up into a ball. (Other armadillo species cannot roll up because they have too many plates.) The North American Nine-banded Armadillo tends to jump straight in the air when surprised, and consequently often collides with the undercarriage or fenders of passing vehicles.[2]

Armadillos have short legs but can move quite quickly, and have the ability to remain underwater for as long as six minutes. Because of the density of its armor, an armadillo will sink in water unless it inflates its stomach with air, which often doubles its size and allows it to swim across narrow bodies of water.[3]

Armadillos use their claws for digging and finding food, as well as for making their homes in burrows. They dig their burrows with their claws, only making a single corridor where they fit themselves. They have five clawed toes on the hindfeet, and three to five toes with heavy digging claws on the forefeet. Armadillos have a large number of cheek teeth, which are not divided into premolars and molars, but usually have incisors or canines.

Gestation lasts anywhere from 60 to 120 days, depending on species, although the nine-banded armadillo also exhibits delayed implantation, so that the young are not typically born for eight months after mating. Most members of the genus Dasypus give birth to four homozygous young (that is, identical quadruplets), but other species may have typical litter sizes that range from one to eight. The young are born with soft leathery skin, which hardens within a few weeks, and reach sexual maturity in 3-12 months, depending on the species. Armadillos are solitary animals, that do not share their burrows with other adults.[1]


[edit] Classification Order CINGULATA

†Family Pampatheriidae: giant armadillos Genus †Machlydotherium Genus †Kraglievichia Genus †Vassallia Genus †Plaina Genus †Scirrotherium Genus †Pampatherium Genus †Holmesina †Family Glyptodontidae: glyptodonts Genus †Glyptodon Genus †Doedicurus Genus †Hoplophorus Genus †Panochthus Genus †Parapropalaehoplophorus Genus †Plaxhaplous Family Dasypodidae: armadillos Subfamily Dasypodinae Genus Dasypus Nine-banded Armadillo or Long-nosed Armadillo, Dasypus novemcinctus Seven-banded Armadillo, Dasypus septemcinctus Southern Long-nosed Armadillo, Dasypus hybridus Llanos Long-nosed Armadillo, Dasypus sabanicola Great Long-nosed Armadillo, Dasypus kappleri Hairy Long-nosed Armadillo, Dasypus pilosus Yepes's Mulita, Dasypus yepesi †Beautiful Armadillo, Dasypus bellus Subfamily Euphractinae Genus Calyptophractus Greater Fairy Armadillo, Calyptophractus retusus Genus Chaetophractus Screaming Hairy Armadillo, Chaetophractus vellerosus Big Hairy Armadillo, Chaetophractus villosus Andean Hairy Armadillo, Chaetophractus nationi Genus †Peltephilus Horned Armadillo, Peltephilus ferox Genus Chlamyphorus Pink Fairy Armadillo, Chlamyphorus truncatusPink Fairy Armadillo, Chlamyphorus truncatus Genus Euphractus Six-banded Armadillo, Euphractus sexcinctus Genus Zaedyus Pichi, Zaedyus pichiy Subfamily Tolypeutinae Genus Cabassous Northern Naked-tailed Armadillo, Cabassous centralis Chacoan Naked-tailed Armadillo, Cabassous chacoensis Southern Naked-tailed Armadillo, Cabassous unicinctus Greater Naked-tailed Armadillo, Cabassous tatouay Genus Priodontes Giant Armadillo, Priodontes maximus Genus Tolypeutes Southern Three-banded Armadillo, Tolypeutes matacus Brazilian Three-banded Armadillo, Tolypeutes tricinctus † indicates extinct taxon


[edit] Armadillos and humans

[edit] In science Armadillos are often used in the study of leprosy, since they, along with mangabey monkeys, rabbits and mice (on their footpads), are among the few known non-human animal species that can contract the disease systemically. They are particularly susceptible due to their unusually low body temperature, which is hospitable to the leprosy bacterium.

The Nine-banded Armadillo also serves science through its unusual reproductive system, in which four genetically identical quadruplets are born in each litter.[4][5][6] Because they are always genetically identical, the group of four young provides a good subject for scientific, behavioral or medical tests that need consistent biological and genetic makeup in the test subjects. This is the only manifestation of polyembryony in the class mammalia, and only exists within the genus Dasypus and not in all armadillos, as is commonly believed. Other species which display this trait include parasitoid wasps, certain flatworms and various aquatic invertebrates.[5]

Armadillos (mainly Dasypus) make common roadkill due to their habit of jumping to about fender height when startled (such as by an oncoming car). Wildlife enthusiasts are using the northward march of the armadillo as an opportunity to educate others about the animals, which can be a burrowing nuisance to property owners and managers.[4]


[edit] In American culture During the Great Depression, this species was known as "Hoover Hog" by down-on-their luck Americans who had to eat them instead of the "chicken in every pot" Herbert Hoover had promised during his presidential campaign.[7] Earlier, German settlers in Texas would often refer to the armadillo as Panzerschwein ("armored pig").[citation needed] In 1995, The Nine-banded Armadillo was, with some resistance, made the state small mammal of Texas,[8] where it is considered a pest and is often seen dead on the roadside. They first forayed into Texas across the Rio Grande from Mexico in the 1800s, eventually spreading across the southeast United States.[7] David Schwimmer portrayed The Holiday Armadillo in an episode of Friends.


[edit] Notes ^ a b Dickman, Christopher R. (1984). in Macdonald, D.: The Encyclopedia of Mammals. New York: Facts on File, 781-783. ISBN 0-87196-871-1. ^ How high can a nine-banded armadillo jump? (Everyday Mysteries: Fun Science Facts from the Library of Congress) ^ Armadillos - Nine-Banded Armadillo - Texas Wildlife ^ a b The Nine-banded Armadillo (Dasypus novemcinctus) ^ a b http://www.valdosta.edu/~jloughry/Reprints/AmSci.pdf ^ http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0033-5770(193309)8%3A3%3C348%3APITAGO%3E2.0.CO%3B2-Q ^ a b Armadillo from the Handbook of Texas Online ^ Texas Symbols, Small Mammal: Armadillo - SHG Resources. Accessed March 2, 2008.