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User:Chaswmsday/Hartsfield–Jackson Atlanta International Airport

Coordinates: 33°38′12″N 084°25′41″W / 33.63667°N 84.42806°W / 33.63667; -84.42806
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Hartsfield–Jackson Atlanta International Airport
[[File::Hartsfield–Jackson Atlanta International Airport Logo.svg|250px|upright=1]]
[[File::Atlanta_Hartsfield-Jackson.jpg|250px|upright=1]]
Summary
Airport typePublic
OwnerCity of Atlanta
OperatorDepartment of Aviation
ServesAtlanta, Georgia
Locationunincorporated areas, Atlanta, College Park, and Hapeville
Fulton & Clayton Counties
Hub for
Elevation AMSL1,026 ft / 313 m
Coordinates33°38′12″N 084°25′41″W / 33.63667°N 84.42806°W / 33.63667; -84.42806
Websiteatlanta-airport.com
Map
[[File::ATL - FAA airport diagram.png|frameless|upright=1|FAA airport diagram]]
FAA airport diagram
Map
Runways
Direction Length Surface
ft m
8L/26R 9,000 2,743 Concrete
8R/26L 10,000 3,048 Concrete
9L/27R 11,890 3,624 Concrete
9R/27L 9,001 2,743 Concrete
10/28 9,000 2,743 Concrete
Helipads
Number Length Surface
ft m
H1 52 16 Asphalt
Statistics (2010[1])
Aircraft operations950,119
Passengers89,331,622

[[:File:Delta check in at ATL.jpg|thumb|right|A line of automated and staffed ticketing counters for Delta, Atlanta's major tenant airline.]] Hartsfield–Jackson Atlanta International Airport (IATA: ATL, ICAO: KATL, FAA LID: ATL), known locally as Atlanta Airport, Hartsfield Airport, and Hartsfield–Jackson, is located seven miles (11 km) south of the central business district of Atlanta, Georgia, United States. It has been the world's busiest airport by passenger traffic and number of landings and take-offs since 2005, serving 89 million passengers per year.[2] The airport is the primary hub of AirTran Airways, Delta Air Lines, and Delta Connection partner ExpressJet; the Delta hub is the world's largest airline hub. Delta Air Lines flew 59.01% of passengers from the airport in February 2011, AirTran flew 17.76%, and Atlantic Southeast Airlines flew 13.86%.[3] The airport has 199 gates, domestic and international.[4]

Hartsfield–Jackson held its ranking as the world's busiest airport in 2010, both in terms of passengers and number of flights, by accommodating 89 million passengers (243,000 passengers daily) and 950,119 flights.[1] Many of the nearly one million flights are domestic flights from within the United States, where Atlanta serves as a major hub for travel throughout the Southeastern United States.

Hartsfield–Jackson International Airport has international service to North America, South America, Central America, Europe, Asia, and Africa. As an international gateway to the United States, Hartsfield–Jackson ranks seventh.[1] The airport is located mostly in unincorporated areas in Fulton and Clayton counties; the city limits of Atlanta,[5] College Park,[6] and Hapeville extend to the airport grounds.[7] The airport is served by MARTA's Red/Gold rail line.

History

[edit]

[[:Image:ATL-Tower.jpg|thumb|left|Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport's Air traffic control Tower]] Hartsfield–Jackson had its beginnings with a five-year, rent-free lease on 287 acres (116 ha) that was the home of an abandoned auto racetrack. The lease was signed on April 16, 1925, by Mayor Walter Sims, who committed the city to develop it into an airfield. As part of the agreement, the property was renamed Candler Field after its former owner, Coca-Cola tycoon and former Atlanta mayor Asa Candler. The first flight into Candler Field was on September 15, 1926, a Florida Airways mail plane flying from Jacksonville, Florida. In May 1928, Pitcairn Aviation began service to Atlanta, followed in June 1930 by Delta Air Service. Later these two airlines, known as Eastern Air Lines and Delta Air Lines, respectively, would both use Atlanta as their chief hubs.[8]

It was a busy airport from its inception and by the end of 1930 it placed third behind New York City and Chicago for regular daily flights with sixteen arriving and departing.[9] Candler Field's first control tower was opened March 1939.[10]

In October 1940, the U.S. government declared it a military airfield and the United States Army Air Force operated Atlanta Army Airfield jointly with Candler Field. The Air Force used the airport primarily for the servicing of transient aircraft, with many different types of combat aircraft being maintained at the airport. During World War II, the airport doubled in size and set a record of 1,700 takeoffs and landings in a single day, making it the nation's busiest airport in terms of flight operation. Atlanta Army Airfield closed after war's end.[10]

In 1946 Candler Field was renamed Atlanta Municipal Airport and by 1948, more than one million passengers passed through a war surplus hangar that served as a terminal building. During the postwar regulated period, both Delta and Eastern operated an extensive route network from ATL to destinations throughout the United States. Southern Airways also established itself at ATL shortly after the war and maintained a network of short-haul routes around the Southeast through 1979.

On June 1, 1956 an Eastern flight to Montreal, Canada was the first international flight out of Atlanta. (Atlanta's first scheduled international flight was the Delta/Pan Am interchange DC-8 to Europe starting in 1964; the first scheduled nonstop to a foreign country was Eastern's flight to Mexico City around 1972.) In 1957 Atlanta saw its first jet airliner: a prototype Sud Aviation Caravelle that was touring the country arrived from Washington D.C.[citation needed] Atlanta was the busiest airport in the country with more than two million passengers passing through that year and, between noon and 2 p.m. each day, it became the busiest airport in the world.[10] (The April 1957 OAG shows 165 weekday departures from Atlanta, including 45 between 12:05 and 2:00 PM (and 20 between 2:25 and 4:25 AM). Chicago Midway had 414 weekday departures, including 48 between 12:00 and 2:00 PM. For the year 1957 Atlanta was the ninth busiest airline airport in the country by flight count and about the same by passenger count.)

That same year, work on a new terminal began to help alleviate congestion. On May 3, 1961, a new $21 million terminal opened. It was the largest in the country and was able to accommodate over six million travelers a year. The new airport was stretched past its capacity the very first year when nine and half million people passed through.[11] In March 1962 the longest runway (9/27, now 8R) was 7860 ft; runway 3 was 5505 ft and runway 15 was 7220 ft.

In 1967, the city of Atlanta and the airlines began to work on a master plan for future development of Atlanta Municipal Airport.[citation needed] Construction began on the present midfield terminal in January 1977 under the administration of Mayor Maynard Jackson. It was the largest construction project in the South, costing $500 million. Named for former Atlanta mayor William Berry Hartsfield, who did much to promote air travel, William B. Hartsfield Atlanta International Airport opened on September 21, 1980, on-time and under budget.[12] It was designed to accommodate up to 55 million passengers per year and covered 2.5 million square feet (230,000 m²). In December 1984 a 9,000-foot (2,700 m) fourth parallel runway was completed, and another runway was extended to 11,889 feet (3,624 m) the following year.[10]

Although Eastern was a larger airline than Delta until airline deregulation in 1978, Delta was an early adopter of the hub and spoke route system, with Atlanta as its primary hub between the Midwest and Florida, giving it an early competitive advantage in the Atlanta market. Eastern ceased operations in 1991 due to labor issues and competition throughout the Eastern seaboard, leaving Delta with the only major airline hub in Atlanta. American Airlines considered establishing an Atlanta hub around the time of Eastern's demise, but determined that Delta was already too fortified there, and that the competitive environment was more favorable at Eastern's other hub in Miami.[13]

ValuJet was established in 1993 to provide low-cost competition for Delta at ATL following Eastern's demise. Its safety practices were called into question early in its life, and the airline was temporarily grounded after the 1996 crash of ValuJet Flight 592. It resumed operations in 1997 as AirTran Airways and remains the second-largest airline at ATL today. AirTran was acquired by Southwest Airlines in 2011 and Southwest plans to integrate its operations with AirTran in the future.

In May 2001, construction of a 9,000-foot (2,700 m) fifth runway (10–28) began. It was completed at a cost of $1.28 billion and opened on May 27, 2006,[14] and was the first runway added since 1984. It bridges Interstate 285 (the Perimeter) on the south side of the airport, making Hartsfield-Jackson the only civilian airport in the nation to currently have a runway above an interstate (although Runway 17R/35L at Stapleton International Airport in Denver crossed Interstate 70 until that airport was closed in 1995) . The massive project, which involved putting fill dirt eleven-stories high in some places, destroyed some surrounding neighborhoods, and dramatically changed the scenery of two cemeteries on the property, Flat Rock Cemetery and Hart Cemetery.[15] It was added to help ease some of the traffic problems caused by landing small- and mid-size aircraft on the longer runways which are also used by larger planes such as the Boeing 777, which generally require longer takeoff distances than the smaller planes. With the fifth runway, Hartsfield–Jackson is one of only a few airports that can perform triple simultaneous landings.[16] The fifth runway is expected to increase the capacity for landings and take-offs by 40%, from an average of 184 flights per hour to 237 flights per hour.[17]

Along with the construction of the fifth runway, a new control tower was built to see the entire length of the runway. The new control tower is the tallest airport control tower in the United States, with a height of over 398 feet (121 m). The old control tower, 585 feet (178 m) away from the new control tower, was demolished August 5, 2006.[18]

Atlanta City Council voted on October 20, 2003 to change the name from Hartsfield Atlanta International Airport to the current Hartsfield–Jackson Atlanta International Airport, in honor of former mayor Maynard Jackson, who died on June 23, 2003. The council initially planned on renaming the airport solely for Mayor Jackson, but public outcry,[19] especially by Mayor Hartsfield's descendants, prompted the compromise.[20]

In April 2007, an "end-around taxiway" opened, called Taxiway Victor. It is expected to save an estimated $26 million to $30 million in fuel each year by allowing airplanes landing on the northernmost runway to taxi to the gate area without preventing other aircraft from taking off. The taxiway drops approximately 30 feet (9.1 m) from the runway elevation to allow takeoffs to continue.[21]

As a result of the Southeastern U.S. drought of 2007, the airport (the eighth-largest water user in the state) has made changes to reduce water usage. This includes adjusting toilets, of which there are 725 commodes and 338 urinals, in addition to 601 sinks. (The two terminals alone use 917,000 gallons or about 3.5 million liters each day in average.) It also suspended the practice of using firetrucks to spray water over aircraft when the pilot made a last landing before retirement (a water salute).[22][23] The city of Macon offered to sell water to the airport, through a proposed pipeline.[24]

The airport today employs approximately 55,300 airline, ground transportation, concessionaire, security, federal government, City of Atlanta and Airport tenant employees and is considered the largest employment center in the U.S. state of Georgia. With a payroll of $2.4 billion, the airport has a direct and indirect economic impact of $3.2 billion on the local and regional economy and a total annual, regional economic impact of more than $19.8 billion.[25]

Expansion and renovations

[edit]

[[:File:Delta MD-88 at Atlanta.jpg|thumb|Delta Air Lines McDonnell Douglas MD-88 taking off]] thumb|A view of the International Concourse E and Control Tower at night

In 1999, Hartsfield–Jackson's leadership established the Development Program: "Focus On the Future" involving multiple construction projects with the intention of preparing the airport to handle a projected demand of 121 million passengers in 2015. The program was originally budgeted at $5.4 billion over a ten-year period, but due to project delays and increased construction costs, the total is now projected at over $9 billion.[26]

Hartsfield–Jackson Rental Car Center

[edit]
Main article: ATL Skytrain

The Hartsfield–Jackson Rental Car Center, which opened on December 8, 2009, houses all ten current airport rental agencies with capacity for additional companies.[27] The complex features 9,900 parking spaces split up between two four-story parking decks that together cover 2,800,000 square feet (260,000 m2), a 137,000-square-foot (12,700 m2) customer service center, and a maintenance center for vehicles, which features 140 gas pumps,and 30 bays for washing with each one equipped with a water recovery system.[27] The automated people mover, nicknamed the ATL Skytrain, (using Mitsubishi Crystal Mover equipment) connects the facility to the airport and to the Gateway Center of the Georgia International Convention Center and the Hartsfield–Jackson Rental Car Center.[27] A four-lane roadway was built across Interstate 85 to connect the Hartsfield–Jackson Rental Car Center to the existing airport road network.[28]

Maynard H. Jackson Jr. International Terminal

[edit]

In July 2003, then-Atlanta mayor Shirley Franklin announced a new terminal to be named for Maynard H. Jackson, Jr.. The new international terminal would be built on the east side of the airport near International Concourse E, on a site that had been occupied by air cargo facilities and the midfield control tower. It would add twelve new gates able to hold wide-body jets, which can be converted to sixteen narrow-body gates, as well as new check-in desks and a baggage claim area solely for international carriers. Additionally, the international terminal would have its own parking lot just for international passengers with over 1,100 spaces. Arriving international passengers whose final destination is Atlanta would be able to keep possession of their luggage as they proceed to exit the airport. Currently, such passengers must "recheck" their luggage and clear long security lines, along with transit passengers, at Concourse E. Then, they must enter the underground Transportation Mall to reach the main terminal where they must "reclaim" their luggage. The new terminal will be connected to Terminal E by the people mover tram and will also have ground transportation access via I-75.[29] The new terminal was slated to open in 2006; however, time and cost overruns led then Airport General Manager Ben DeCosta to cancel the design contract in August 2005. The next day, the architect sued the airport claiming "fraud" and "bad faith", blaming the airport authority for the problems.[30] In early 2007, the General Manager awarded a new design contract on the new international terminal to Atlanta Gateway Designers (AGD). Construction began in the summer of 2008. During late 2011, the construction is progressing rapidly with the exterior and interior almost completed. Estimates place the terminal's cost at $1.4 billion, and it is expected to open in April 2012.[26][31][32]

Also scheduled to be completed after the new international terminal and concourse is a new terminal south of the current terminals. The project is currently known as the South Gate Complex, and is expected to include up to 70 gates at an estimated cost of approximately $1.8 billion. The new terminal will be connected to the main terminal by an expanded automated people mover system.[33] When the South Gate Complex is completed, it is expected that most domestic carriers other than Delta will move to the SGC. This would leave Delta as the sole domestic carrier at the current terminal, which it will share with its SkyTeam partners. Since the SGC is not planned to have Customs and Border Protection facilities, international arrivals other than pre-cleared flights will also continue to use the current terminal (specifically British Airways and Lufthansa).

Accommodating the A380

[edit]

In addition to the terminal that will expand international operations at the airport, Sections of some midfield taxiways will be widened from 145 feet (44.2 m) to 162 feet (49.4 m), and a section of Runway 27R will be widened from 220 feet (67.1 m) to 250 feet (76.2m) in order to accommodate the Airbus A380 operations at the airport. Air France and Korean Air are considering whether they will commence A380 service from Atlanta once these sections of the taxiway and runway are completed. Additionally, two adjacent gates on the current International Concourse, Concourse E, will be fitted to allow lower-level boarding from one gate, and upper-level boarding from the other, allowing for quick boarding and the facilitation of passengers to other connecting flights around the airport.[34]

Modernization of Concourse D

[edit]

On June 6, 2011, Atlanta City Council awarded a contract to the joint venture of Holder/Moody/Bryson to renovate and expand Concourse D. There will be an additional 60,000 square feet (5,600 m2) of space, two new escalators between the main level and the Transportation Mall, three new elevators between the second and third levels, and there will be both expanded and new food, beverage and retail outlets. The project budget is not to exceed $37 million and it is set for completion by spring 2014.[34][35][36][37][38]

Layout

[edit]

thumb|right|The Transportation Mall. The portion between Concourse T and Concourse A also includes African-themed artwork and photographs

Hartsfield–Jackson Atlanta International Airport has a terminal and concourse space totaling 5,800,000-square-foot (540,000 m2).[4] The airport has two terminals where passengers check-in and claim bags, the North Terminal and the South Terminal. The two terminals are part of a larger building. The portions of the building between the two terminals include the Atrium, which is a large, open seating area featuring concessionaires, a bank, conference rooms, an interfaith chapel, and offices on the upper floors with the main security checkpoint, the Ground Transportation Center and a Metropolitan Atlanta Rapid Transit Authority (MARTA) train station on other levels.[39][40]

Six parallel concourse buildings are used for passenger boarding. The first concourse is connected to the main terminal, and is known as Concourse T (for Terminal). The remaining five concourses are designated successively by distance from the terminal as Concourses A, B, C, D, and E.[4] Concourse E replaced Concourse T as the international terminal when it opened in 1994 in time for the 1996 Summer Olympic Games, which were held in Atlanta .[41] International passengers who arrive in Atlanta are subjected to a security re-check after clearing customs due to a design flaw that routes these passengers into the concourse instead of the main terminal lobby. The concourses are connected by an underground Transportation Mall, which begins at the main terminal and passes under the center of each concourse.[42] At one time, there was a second underground walkway between Concourses B and C which connected the north end of the two concourses and made it possible to transfer without returning to the center of the concourse. This was constructed for Eastern Airlines, who occupied these two terminals. This is now closed and the entrance at Concourse B has been replaced by a bank of arrival/departure monitors.

[[:Image:ATL People Mover 2.jpg|thumb|left|A concourse entrance to the underground people mover.]]

Automated People Mover

[edit]
Main article: The Plane Train

In addition to a pedestrian walkway, which includes a series of moving walkways, connecting the concourses, the Transportation Mall also features an automated people mover. The Automated People Mover has a station at the east end of the main terminal for passengers who have cleared security screening and are entering the Transportation Mall. This station also serves as the station for Concourse T. Other stations are located at each of the five concourses. A seventh station is located in the Baggage Claim area, directly under the Main Terminal. Only hand luggage may be carried on the people mover which is the world's busiest automated system, with over 64 million riders in 2002.[42]

On August 10, 2010, the automated people mover was named "The Plane Train".[43] Previously it had not been given an official name.

MARTA Station

[edit]
Main article: Airport (MARTA station)

Hartsfield–Jackson also has its own train station on the city's rapid transit system, MARTA. The above-ground station is inside in the main building, between the north and south terminals on the west end. The Airport train station is currently the southernmost station in the MARTA system.[44]

Terminals, airlines, and destinations

[edit]

The seven concourses and their gates are:

  • Concourse T – 14 gates (T1–T5, T7-T15)
  • Concourse A – 34 gates (A1–A34)
  • Concourse B – 35 gates (B1–B34, B36)
  • Concourse C – 37 gates (C1–C22, C30–C57)
  • Concourse D – 33 gates (D1, D1A–D8, D8A–D11, D11A–D16, D21–D46)
  • Concourse E – 29 gates (E1–E12, E14–E18, E26–E37)
  • Concourse F – 12 gates (F1-F10, F12, F14, terminal opens in Spring 2012)
  • Note: All international arrivals (except flights with customs pre-clearance) are handled at Concourse E.
AirlinesDestinationsConcourse
Air Canada Express operated by
Jazz Air 		Toronto-Pearson D
Air France Paris-Charles de Gaulle E
AirTran Airways Akron/Canton, Aruba, Baltimore, Bloomington/Normal [ends June 3, 2012], Boston, Branson, Buffalo, Cancún, Charlotte, Chicago-Midway, Columbus (OH), Dayton, Denver, Detroit, Flint, Fort Lauderdale, Fort Myers, Houston-Hobby, Indianapolis, Jacksonville (FL), Kansas City, Las Vegas, Los Angeles, Memphis, Milwaukee, Minneapolis/St. Paul, Montego Bay, Nassau, New Orleans, New York-LaGuardia, Newport News [ends March 9, 2012], Orlando, Pensacola, Philadelphia, Phoenix, Pittsburgh, Punta Cana, Raleigh/Durham, Richmond, Rochester (NY), St. Louis, San Antonio, San Francisco, San Juan, Sarasota/Bradenton [ends August 12, 2012], Seattle/Tacoma [ends August 12, 2012], Tampa, Washington-Dulles [ends June 3, 2012], Washington-National, West Palm Beach, White Plains [ends August 12, 2012], Wichita
Seasonal: Bermuda, Portland (ME) 		C, D
Alaska Airlines Seattle/Tacoma B
American Airlines Dallas/Fort Worth, Miami T
American Eagle Chicago-O'Hare, Miami, New York-LaGuardia T
British Airways London-Heathrow E
Delta Air Lines Akron/Canton, Albany (NY), Albuquerque, Augusta (GA), Austin, Baltimore, Bermuda, Birmingham (AL), Boston, Buffalo, Charleston (SC), Charlotte, Chicago-Midway, Chicago-O'Hare, Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky, Cleveland, Colorado Springs, Columbia (SC), Columbus (OH), Dallas/Fort Worth, Dayton, Daytona Beach, Denver, Des Moines, Detroit, El Paso, Fayetteville (NC), Flint, Fort Lauderdale, Fort Myers, Fort Walton Beach, Freeport, Grand Rapids, Greensboro, Greenville/Spartanburg, Gulfport/Biloxi, Hartford, Honolulu, Houston-Hobby, Houston-Intercontinental, Huntsville/Decatur, Indianapolis, Jackson (MS), Jacksonville (FL), Kansas City, Key West, Las Vegas, Lexington, Little Rock, Los Angeles, Louisville, Manchester (NH), Melbourne (FL), Memphis, Miami, Milwaukee, Minneapolis/St. Paul, Mobile, Nashville, Nassau, New Orleans, New York-JFK, New York-LaGuardia, Newark, Newport News, Norfolk, Oklahoma City, Omaha, Ontario, Orange County (CA), Orlando, Panama City (FL), Pensacola, Philadelphia, Phoenix, Pittsburgh, Portland (ME), Portland (OR), Providence, Raleigh/Durham, Richmond, Rochester (NY), Sacramento, St. Croix, St. Louis, St. Thomas, Salt Lake City, San Antonio, San Diego, San Francisco, San Jose (CA), San Juan, Sarasota/Bradenton, Savannah, Seattle/Tacoma, Syracuse, Tallahassee, Tampa, Tucson, Washington-Dulles, Washington-National, West Palm Beach, Wichita
Seasonal: Allentown/Bethlehem, Bozeman, Eagle/Vail, Harrisburg, Hayden/Steamboat Springs, Jackson Hole, Kalispell, Knoxville, Montrose/Telluride, Myrtle Beach, Tulsa, Vancouver 		T, A, B, C, D, E
Delta Air Lines Accra, Amsterdam, Antigua, Aruba, Barbados,[citation needed] Barcelona, Belize City, Bonaire, Bogotá, Brasília, Brussels, Buenos Aires-Ezeiza, Cancún, Caracas, Cozumel, Dubai, Dublin, Düsseldorf, Frankfurt, Grand Cayman, Guadalajara, Guatemala City, Johannesburg-OR Tambo, Lagos, Liberia (Costa Rica), Lima, London-Gatwick, London-Heathrow, Madrid, Managua, Manchester (UK), Mexico City, Milan-Malpensa, Monrovia, Montego Bay, Munich, Panama City (Panama), Paris-Charles de Gaulle, Port-au-Prince [begins April 7, 2012], Providenciales, Puerto Vallarta, Punta Cana, Quito, Rio de Janeiro-Galeão, Roatán, Rome-Fiumicino, St. Lucia, St. Maarten, San José (Costa Rica), San José del Cabo, San Salvador, San Pedro Sula, Santiago (Chile), Santo Domingo, São Paulo-Guarulhos, Stuttgart, Tegucigalpa, Tokyo-Narita, Zürich
Seasonal: Acapulco,[citation needed] Guayaquil,[citation needed] Mumbai, St. Kitts, Venice-Marco Polo
Charter: Havana[45][citation needed] 		T*, A*, E

*Departing flights only

Delta Connection operated by Comair Birmingham (AL), Fayetteville (AR),[citation needed] Fort Wayne,[citation needed] Greensboro, Huntsville/Decatur, Knoxville, Memphis, Nashville, South Bend[citation needed] C, D
Delta Connection operated by Compass Airlines Birmingham (AL), Louisville, Oklahoma City
Seasonal: Grand Rapids 		C, D
Delta Connection operated by ExpressJet Akron/Canton, Albany (GA), Albany (NY), Alexandria, Appleton, Asheville, Augusta (GA), Baton Rouge, Birmingham (AL), Bloomington/Normal, Brunswick, Cedar Rapids/Iowa City, Charleston (SC), Charleston (WV), Charlotte, Charlottesville, Chattanooga, Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky, Cleveland, Columbia (SC), Columbus (GA), Columbus (MS), Columbus (OH), Dayton, Des Moines, Dothan, Evansville, Fayetteville (AR), Fayetteville (NC), Flint, Fort Walton Beach, Gainesville, George Town/Great Exuma Island, Greensboro, Greenville/Spartanburg, Gulfport/Biloxi, Houston-Hobby, Houston-Intercontinental, Huntsville/Decatur, Jackson (MS), Jacksonville (NC), Key West, Killeen/Fort Hood, Knoxville, Lafayette, Lewisburg (WV), Lexington, Little Rock, Louisville, Madison, McAllen, Memphis, Meridian, Mobile, Moline/Quad Cities, Monroe, Montgomery, Montréal-Trudeau, Myrtle Beach, Nashville, New Bern, Newburgh, Newport News, Oklahoma City, Omaha, Panama City (FL), Pensacola, Peoria [begins April 9, 2012], Pittsburgh, Roanoke, Savannah, Shreveport, Springfield (MO), Syracuse, Tallahassee, Toronto-Pearson, Tri-Cities (TN/VA), Tulsa, Valdosta, Washington-Dulles, White Plains, Wichita, Wilkes Barre/Scranton, Wilmington (NC)
Seasonal: Allentown/Bethlehem, Daytona Beach, Grand Rapids, Halifax, Harrisburg, Hartford, Montrose/Telluride, Providence 		C, D
Delta Connection operated by ExpressJet Monterrey E
Delta Connection operated by GoJet Airlines Rochester (NY) [begins March 25, 2012] C, D
Delta Connection operated by Pinnacle Airlines Birmingham (AL), Chattanooga, Cleveland, Des Moines, Fayetteville (AR), Fort Wayne, Greensboro, Greenville/Spartanburg, Houston-Hobby, Houston-Intercontinental, Huntsville/Decatur, Knoxville, Louisville, Memphis, Montréal-Trudeau, Nashville,[citation needed] Newark,[citation needed] Norfolk, Oklahoma City, Omaha, Pensacola, Pittsburgh, Raleigh/Durham, Richmond, Roanoke, Rochester (NY), Savannah, South Bend, Tallahassee, Toronto-Pearson, Tulsa, White Plains C, D
Delta Connection operated by Pinnacle Airlines Seasonal: Belize City, Cozumel, Guadalajara, Providenciales E
Frontier Airlines Denver D
Frontier Airlines operated by Republic Airlines Denver D
GeorgiaSkies[46] Athens (GA), Macon E
KLM Amsterdam E
Korean Air Seoul-Incheon E
Lufthansa Frankfurt E
Southwest Airlines Austin [begins February 12, 2012],[47] Baltimore [begins February 12, 2012], Chicago-Midway [begins February 12, 2012], Denver [begins February 12, 2012], Houston-Hobby [begins February 12, 2012], Las Vegas [begins March 10, 2012],[48] Louisville [begins August 12, 2012], Los Angeles [begins June 10, 2012],[49] Norfolk [begins August 12, 2012], Phoenix [begins March 10, 2012], Seattle/Tacoma [begins August 12, 2012] C, D[50]
Spirit Airlines Dallas/Ft. Worth [begins February 9, 2012], Fort Lauderdale D
United Airlines Chicago-O'Hare, Houston-Intercontinental, Newark T, D
United Express operated by Chautauqua Airlines Cleveland, Houston-Intercontinental D
United Express operated by ExpressJet Cleveland, Houston-Intercontinental, Newark D
United Express operated by Mesa Airlines Washington-Dulles T
United Express operated by Shuttle America Chicago-O'Hare, Denver, Newark, Washington-Dulles T, D
United Express operated by SkyWest Airlines Cleveland, Denver, Houston-Intercontinental, Washington-Dulles T, D
US Airways Charlotte, Philadelphia, Phoenix D
US Airways Express operated by Air Wisconsin Philadelphia D
US Airways Express operated by Mesa Airlines Charlotte D
US Airways Express operated by PSA Airlines Charlotte D
US Airways Express operated by Republic Airlines Charlotte, Philadelphia D
Vision Airlines Fort Walton Beach [ends February 29, 2012],[51] Louisville D, E[52]

Cargo airlines

[edit]

Traffic and statistics

[edit]
Top domestic destinations (October 2010 – September 2011)[54]
Rank Airport Passengers Carriers
1 Orlando, Florida 1,289,000 AirTran, Delta
2 Fort Lauderdale, Florida 1,149,000 AirTran, Delta, Spirit
3 New York (LaGuardia), New York 1,140,000 AirTran, American, Delta
4 Dallas/Fort Worth, Texas 1,092,000 AirTran, American, Delta
5 Los Angeles, California 939,000 AirTran, Delta
6 Tampa, Florida 905,000 AirTran, Delta
7 Washington (National), D.C. 812,000 AirTran, Delta
8 Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 804,000 AirTran, Delta, US Airways
9 Charlotte, North Carolina 766,000 AirTran, Delta, US Airways
10 Minneapolis/St. Paul, Minnesota 760,000 AirTran, Delta
Busiest International Routes from Atlanta (July 2010 - June 2011) [55]
Rank Airport Passengers Carriers
1 20px Cancún, Mexico 569,352 AirTran, Delta
2 20px Paris (Charles de Gaulle), France 511,010 Air France, Delta
3 20px Amsterdam, Netherlands 397, 185 Delta, KLM
4 20px Montego Bay, Jamaica 392,349 AirTran, Delta
5 20px Toronto (Pearson), Canada 346,554 Air Canada, Delta
6 20px London (Heathrow), United Kingdom 319,558 British Airways, Delta
7 20px Nassau, Bahamas 317,642 AirTran, Delta
8 20px Mexico City, Mexico 292,516 Delta
7 20px Frankfurt, Germany 283,236 Delta, Lufthansa
10 20px Seoul (Incheon), Korea 256,086 Korean Air
Traffic by calendar year
Passengers Change from previous year Aircraft operations Cargo
(metric tons)[56]
1999 78,092,940 909,911 883,149
2000 80,162,407 Increase02.65% 915,454 865,991
2001 75,858,500 Decrease05.37% 890,494 735,796
2002 76,876,128 Increase01.34% 889,966 734,083
2003 79,087,928 Increase02.88% 911,727 802,248
2004 83,606,583 Increase05.71% 964,858 862,230
2005 85,907,423 Increase02.75% 980,386 767,897
2006 84,846,639 Decrease01.23% 976,447 746,502
2007 89,379,287 Increase05.34% 994,346 720,209
2008 90,039,280 Increase00.74% 978,824 655,277
2009 88,001,381 Decrease02.23% 970,235 563,139
2010 89,331,622 Increase01.51% 950,119 659,129
Source: Hartsfield–Jackson Atlanta International Airport [1]

Notable events

[edit]

Crashes en route

[edit]
  • April 4, 1977 Southern Airways Flight 242 (Huntsville to Atlanta, crashed en route in New Hope, Georgia). 72 fatalities (including 9 on the ground). There were 22 survivors.
  • September 6, 1985 Midwest Express Airlines Flight 105 (Milwaukee to Atlanta, crashed on takeoff at the airport in Milwaukee, Wisconsin). 31 fatalities: 27 passengers and 4 crew members. There were no survivors.
  • August 21, 1995 Atlantic Southeast Airlines Flight 529, crashed near Carrollton, Georgia while on a flight from the Hartsfield–Jackson Atlanta International Airport to Gulfport-Biloxi International Airport in Gulfport, Mississippi. 26 were on board with 9 fatalities and 17 survivors.
  • May 11, 1996 ValuJet Flight 592 (Miami to Atlanta, crashed en route from Miami International Airport in the Florida Everglades) 110 fatalities: 105 passengers and 5 crew members, there were no survivors.
  • August 27, 2006 Comair Flight 191 operating as Delta Connection Flight 5191 (Lexington to Atlanta, crashed on takeoff at the Blue Grass Airport) 47 passengers and 3 crew members were on board. There were 49 fatalities. The only survivor was the first officer (co-pilot).[57]

Ground facility events

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Public safety

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On November 16, 2001, a man left the secure area to retrieve his camera bag, which he had left behind, and then tried to bypass the wait at the security checkpoint by running the wrong way down the escalators at the secure area's exit. As a result, the entire airport was evacuated, including all aircraft, and operations halted for three hours.[58]

The man said that he tried to bypass the security line because he would be late for a flight he was taking to see a Georgia Bulldogs football game. As part of his sentence, he was not allowed to attend any Bulldogs games for the 2002 season.[59]

From December 2006 to March 2007, there were 30 arrests for indecent exposure involving reported sex acts in airport restrooms.[60] Several prominent persons were arrested, including an advisor for the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, a Spelman College professor, and the Chairman of the Metropolitan Atlanta Rapid Transit Authority board of directors.[61]

Lightning strike

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In 2009, a severe thunderstorm on the evening of April 23 caused a lightning strike directly to the control tower at 8:45 (20:45) EDT. The airport was already in a ground stop due to dangerous wind shear, and four minutes after the strike, the tower was evacuated after a smoke odor was detected. After returning at 9:10, a power outage at 9:20 caused further problems, including major flight delays and diversions due also to the lightning (at over 1000 strikes per hour) and large amounts of hail that continued in the vicinity. Partial power outages continued to affect the airport and the northern runway lighting for more than an hour afterward, leaving only three other runways to handle the backlog. An FAA official said that neither the new nor the old tower had been struck in at least 18 years.[62] Several storm chasers east of the airport reported a wall cloud and descending funnel over the airport during the severe thunderstorm.

Culture

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As the dominant airport in the Southern United States, and the nation's busiest in terms of passengers handled (mainly due to being Delta's flagship hub), there is an old joke in the South which states that, upon one's death, regardless of whether one goes to Heaven or Hell one will connect in Atlanta to get there.[63][64][65][66][67][68]

Hartsfield is the setting for the song "Terminals" by Relient K.

Scenes from the movies Due Date and Life As We Know It were filmed and had scenes take place on location at Hartsfield Airport in 2010.[69]

In the Futurama episode, "The Deep South" it is revealed that in the future, Atlanta moved to the sea, where it becomes "a center for tourism and an even bigger Delta hub"

Other notes

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Air traffic controllers for tower and ground control operations refer to the letter "D" using the word "Dixie" instead of the ICAO phonetic term "Delta" to avoid confusion with Delta Air Lines aircraft (note the use of "DIXIE" for taxiway "D" in the FAA's airport diagram 2007, linked in the box at the top of this page). In the actual diagram the spot where "DIXIE" was to be found is in the "non movement aerea" to the left of the construction aerea for the new concourse.

The People Mover's recorded announcements list "Concourse D as in David," rather than "Delta" or "Dixie."

See also

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References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d "Operating Statistics". Department of Aviation, Hartsfield–Jackson Atlanta International Airport. Retrieved March 23, 2011.
  2. ^ "Atlanta airport still the "busiest"". Hartsfield-Jackson. January 4, 2010. Archived from the original (PDF) on January 6, 2007.
  3. ^ "Atlanta, GA: Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International (ATL)". Bureau of Transportation Statistics. February 2011.
  4. ^ a b c "Fact Sheet". City of Atlanta. February 2007. Retrieved June 12, 2008.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link)
  5. ^ Zoning Ordinance, City of Atlanta, Georgia
  6. ^ "City Maps." City of College Park. Retrieved on May 25, 2009.
  7. ^ "Official Zoning Map." City of Hapeville. Retrieved on May 19, 2009.
  8. ^ EASTERN AIRLINES HISTORY, FACTS AND PICTURES. (Since 2003). In Aviation Explorer. Retrieved September 14, 2010
  9. ^ Garrett, Franklin, Atlanta and Its Environs, 1954, Vol.II, p.851
  10. ^ a b c d "Airport History". Atlanta-airport.com. Retrieved March 11, 2010.
  11. ^ Henderson (November 2008). Sunshine Skies: Historic Commuter Airlines of Florida and Georgia (book). Atlanta, Georgia: Zeus Press. p. 262. ISBN 9781440424748. {{cite book}}: |first1= missing |last1= (help); More than one of |pages= and |page= specified (help); Unknown parameter |trim size= ignored (help)CS1 maint: date and year (link)
  12. ^ "Maynard Jackson Jr". Atlanta Journal-Constitution. June 25, 2003. Retrieved June 12, 2008.
  13. ^ Petzinger, Thomas (1996). Hard Landing: The Epic Contest For Power and Profits That Plunged the Airlines into Chaos. Random House. ISBN 978-0-307-77449-1.
  14. ^ "Atlanta International Airport: Fifth Runway". City of Atlanta. May 2006.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link)
  15. ^ "Flat Rock Cemetery". Retrieved September 9, 2009.
  16. ^ "Aviation "Bridges" the Gap for Future Growth". Williams-Russell and Johnson, Inc. Retrieved June 12, 2008.
  17. ^ "Atlanta International Airport: Benchmark Results" (PDF). Federal Aviation Administration. 2004.
  18. ^ Airport Business
  19. ^ David M. Halbfinger (August 13, 2003). "Atlanta Is Divided Over Renaming Airport for Former Mayor". The New York Times. Retrieved June 19, 2009.
  20. ^ Airline Industry Information (October 21, 2003). "Atlanta airport to be renamed Hartsfield–Jackson". AllBusiness.com. Retrieved June 19, 2009.
  21. ^ Tharpe, Jim (March 18, 2007). "An end-around to efficiency: Hartsfield–Jackson strip offers safety, boosts capacity". Atlanta Journal-Constitution. Archived from the original on March 22, 2007.
  22. ^ "Airport Hoping to Flush Away Less Water". Atlanta Journal-Constitution. October 29, 2007. Retrieved June 12, 2008.
  23. ^ "Fewer, Faster Flushes for Airport Toilets". WSB TV. October 29, 2007. Retrieved June 13, 2008.
  24. ^ "Drought: Macon Offers Water to ATL Airport". Georgia Public Broadcasting News. October 24, 2007. Retrieved June 13, 2008.
  25. ^ "Financial Statements June 30, 2007 and 2006" (PDF). City of Atlanta, Georgia Department of Aviation.
  26. ^ a b Ramos, Rachel Tobin (September 21, 2007). "Hartsfield project costs soar to $9B". Atlanta Business Chronicle. Retrieved November 1, 2007.
  27. ^ a b c "Rental Car Center (RCC) – Construction". Atlanta-airport.com. Retrieved March 11, 2010.
  28. ^ "HJAIA – Airport Construction". City of Atlanta. Retrieved November 1, 2007.
  29. ^ "HJAIA – Maynard H. Jackson, Jr. International Terminal". City of Atlanta. Retrieved November 1, 2007.
  30. ^ "City Sued Over Airport Terminal". 11Alive.com. August 17, 2005.
  31. ^ Jim Tharpe (February 27, 2008). "Passenger Perks the Buzz of Proposed International Terminal". Atlanta Journal-Constitution. Retrieved June 12, 2008.
  32. ^ "Maynard H. Jackson Jr. International Terminal: Overview". Department of Aviation. Retrieved 2011-08-30.
  33. ^ "Construction – Maynard". Atlanta-airport.com. Retrieved March 11, 2010.[dead link‍]
  34. ^ a b Kelly Yamanouchi (June 6, 2011). "A380 superjumbo could be in Atlanta next year". The Atlanta Journal-Constitution. Retrieved December 12, 2011.
  35. ^ Al Snedeker (June 6, 2011). "Airport moving forward on expansion projects". City of Atlanta, Department of Aviation. Retrieved December 12, 2011.
  36. ^ "A resolution by Transportation Committee, 11-R-0834" (PDF). Atlanta City Council. June 6, 2011. Retrieved December 12, 2011.
  37. ^ "Hartsfield's Concourse D gets expansion". Atlanta Business Chronicle. June 6, 2011. Retrieved December 12, 2011.
  38. ^ M.J. Subiria Arauz (June 6, 2011). "Hartsfield-Jackson proceeding with expansion projects". Henry Daily Herald. Retrieved December 12, 2011.
  39. ^ "2005 Annual Report" (PDF). City of Atlanta Department of Aviation. Retrieved June 12, 2008.
  40. ^ http://www.atlanta-airport.com/docs/terminal/mt_11_08.pdf
  41. ^ "Airport History". Hartsfield–Jackson Atlanta International Airport. Retrieved June 12, 2008.
  42. ^ a b "Transportation Mall/People Mover". Hartsfield–Jackson Atlanta International Airport. Retrieved July 6, 2007.
  43. ^ "Hartsfield people mover = The Plane Train". Atlanta Business Chronicle. August 10, 2010. Retrieved August 10, 2010. {{cite news}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
  44. ^ "Airport Station Helper". Metropolitan Atlanta Rapid Transit Authority. Archived from the original on July 3, 2008. Retrieved June 12, 2008.
  45. ^ "Hola Cuba: Delta to launch Atlanta to Havana charter flights".
  46. ^ "GeorgiaSkies : 877-849-4997 : Go Green!". Pacificwings.com. Retrieved March 11, 2010.
  47. ^ http://finance.yahoo.com/news/Southwest-announces-details-apf-3267749369.html?x=0&.v=2
  48. ^ http://finance.yahoo.com/news/Southwest-Airlines-Expands-prnews-300578630.html?x=0&.v=1
  49. ^ http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/southwest-airlines-announces-new-route-between-atlanta-and-los-angeles-137109513.html
  50. ^ http://travel.southwest.com/travel/airportDetails.html?airportCode=ATL&cityName=Atlanta
  51. ^ http://www.nwfdailynews.com/news/vision-46941-suspends-airline.html
  52. ^ http://www.visionairlines.com/airport-information-airport-atl.html
  53. ^ http://www.aircargoworld.com/Air-Cargo-News/2011/10/qatar-airways-cargo-announces-north-american-expansion-plan/102550
  54. ^ "Atlanta, GA: Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International (ATL)". Bureau of Transportation Statistics. July 2011. Retrieved July 3, 2011.
  55. ^ "U.S. International Air Passenger and Freight Statistics Report". Office of Aviation Analysis, U.S. Department of Transportation. 2012. Retrieved January 15, 2012.
  56. ^ Total cargo (Freight, Express, & Mail).
  57. ^ "Altered taxiway cited in crash that killed 49". International Herald Tribune. August 28, 2009. Retrieved September 27, 2008.
  58. ^ "Suspect in custody in Atlanta airport incident". CNN. November 16, 2001. Retrieved August 2, 2007.
  59. ^ Font size Print E-mail Share By Bootie Cosgrove-Mather (March 6, 2002). "Fan Gets Jail Time For Airport Shutdown". CBS News. Retrieved March 11, 2010.
  60. ^ Shirek, Jon (March 31, 2007). "Delta Employee Suspended for Sex Arrest". 11 Alive News.
  61. ^ Donsky, Paul (March 15, 2007). "MARTA chairman won't resign: Ed Wall arrested for having sex in airport bathroom". Atlanta Journal Constitution.
  62. ^ "Atlanta airport reopens after lightning strike". CNN.com. April 23, 2009. Retrieved March 11, 2010.
  63. ^ King, Wayne. "All of the South Changing Planes at Atlanta; Complaints Are Rising More Service Sought Another Disturbing Fact Petitions to C.A.B." The New York Times. Thursday July 27, 1978. A14. Retrieved on August 4, 2009.
  64. ^ Rawls, Wendell, Jr. "Atlanta Opening New Air Terminal." The New York Times. Sunday September 14, 1980. Travel Page XX16. Retrieved on August 4, 2009.
  65. ^ Moorhead, Jim. "Flying Is More Than Taking Off." The Evening Independent. October 25, 1980. 1B. 8 of 32 at Google News. Retrieved on August 4, 2009.
  66. ^ Martin. Janice. "Hooray for Ray, a pilot too fed up to take off." St. Petersburg Times. Saturday July 26, 1986. 1-B. Google News 15 of 94. Retrieved on August 4, 2009.
  67. ^ Warner, Gary A. "Flight Layovers / Essay – Stuck In Atlanta: The Pits In The Heart Of The Peach." The Orange County Register at The Seattle Times. Sunday March 16, 1997. Retrieved on August 4, 2009.
  68. ^ Nance, John. "Flying Like a CEO." ABC News. August 3, 2006. 1. Retrieved on August 4, 2009.
  69. ^ [1], Roishina C. Henderson(2009, "Filming at the Airport" .
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