Portal:Peru

Introduction The Peru Portal Republic of Peru República del Perú (Spanish) Flag Coat of arms Capital Lima 12°2.6′S 77°1.7′W ISO 3166 code PE Peru, officially the Republic of Peru, is a country in western South America. It is bordered in the north by Ecuador and Colombia, in the east by Brazil, in the southeast by Bolivia, in the south by Chile, and in the south and west by the Pacific Ocean. Peru is a megadiverse country, with habitats ranging from the arid plains of the Pacific coastal region in the west, to the peaks of the Andes mountains extending from the north to the southeast of the country, to the tropical Amazon basin rainforest in the east with the Amazon River. Peru has a population of over 32 million, and its capital and largest city is Lima. At 1,285,216 km2 (496,225 sq mi), Peru is the 19th largest country in the world, and the third largest in South America. Peruvian territory was home to several cultures during the ancient and medieval periods, and has one of the longest histories of civilization of any country, tracing its heritage back to the 10th millennium BCE. Notable pre-colonial cultures and civilizations include the Caral–Supe civilization (the earliest civilization in the Americas and considered one of the cradles of civilization), the Nazca culture, the Wari and Tiwanaku empires, the Kingdom of Cusco, and the Inca Empire, the largest known state in the pre-Columbian Americas. The Spanish Empire conquered the region in the 16th century and Charles V established a viceroyalty with the official name of the Kingdom of Peru that encompassed most of its South American territories, with its capital in Lima. Higher education started in the Americas with the official establishment of the National University of San Marcos in Lima in 1551. Peru's population includes Mestizos, Amerindians, Europeans, Africans and Asians. The main spoken language is Spanish, although a significant number of Peruvians speak Quechuan languages, Aymara, or other Indigenous languages. This mixture of cultural traditions has resulted in a wide diversity of expressions in fields such as art, cuisine, literature, and music. (Full article...) Recognized content - Entries here consist of Good and Featured articles, which meet a core set of high editorial standards. The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) World Heritage Sites are places of importance to cultural or natural heritage as described in the UNESCO World Heritage Convention, established in 1972. Peru ratified the convention on February 24, 1982, making its historical sites eligible for inclusion on the list. As of 2021, Peru has 13 sites on the World Heritage List. The first sites within Peru were inscribed on the list at the 7th Session of the World Heritage Committee, held in Florence, Italy in 1983: "City of Cusco" and the "Historic Sanctuary of Machu Picchu". Nine sites are listed as cultural sites, two as natural, and two as mixed, meeting both cultural and natural selection criteria, as determined by the organization's selection criteria. The site Chan Chan Archaeological Zone was inscribed to the list in 1986 and immediately placed on the List of World Heritage in Danger as the adobe constructions are easily damaged by heavy rain and erosion. The Qhapaq Ñan, Andean Road System site is a transnational site, also shared with Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, and Ecuador. In addition, there are eight sites on the tentative list. (Full article...) List of recognized articles Guinea pig Norte Chico civilization 2007 Carancas impact event History of Lima Quyllurit'i LANSA Flight 502 Regional circumscriptions of Peru Mario Vargas Llosa Andean condor Battle of Ollantaytambo Edwin Donayre Peru national football team Pisco sour Tutupaca Ubinas Casiri (Tacna) Cutervo National Park Coropuna Juan Bielovucic Purupuruni Sabancaya Peru at the 2010 Winter Olympics Mariano Gagnon Andagua volcanic field Markham's storm petrel Selected image Osambela House Photo credit: Manuel González Olaechea Osambela House (Spanish: Casa de Osambela) is one of the biggest houses built in Lima during the colonial period. This mansion was built between 1803 and 1805, but was officially finished in 1807. It has five balconies and a mirador from which the first owner of the place, Don Martín de Osambela, watched with a spyglass the arrival of galleons to the port of Callao. It was renovated in 2003 and serves as a venue for art exhibitions and cultural events. (more...) Selected battle The Battle of (or Massacre at) Cajamarca (November 16, 1532) was a surprise attack on the Inca royal entourage orchestrated by Francisco Pizarro. Sprung in the evening in the great plaza of Cajamarca, the ambush claimed the lives of thousands of Incas and achieved the goal of capturing Emperor Atahualpa. The confrontation at Cajamarca was the culmination of a months-long struggle involving espionage, subterfuge, and diplomacy between Pizarro and the Inca via their respective envoys. Atahualpa had received the invaders from a position of immense strength. Encamped along the heights of Cajamarca with legions of battle-tested troops fresh from their victories in the civil war against his half-brother Huáscar, the Inca felt they had little to fear from Pizarro's tiny army, however exotic its dress and weaponry. In a calculated show of goodwill, Atahualpa had lured the adventurers deep into the heart of his mountain empire where any potential threat could be met with a show of force. (more...) In this month December  4, 1991 - The Andean Trade Preference Act (ATPA), a trade preference system eliminating tariffs on a number of products was enacted. December  9, 1824 - Commander Antonio José de Sucre won the decisive military encounter with Spain in the Battle of Ayacucho to seal the independence of Peru and South America. December 17, 1996 - The Japanese embassy hostage crisis began when 14 members of the Túpac Amaru Revolutionary Movement (MRTA) entered the official residence of Japan's ambassador to Peru in Lima. December 24, 1971 - Flight LANSA 508 crashes en route from Lima to Pucallpa killing all crew members and all but one of 87 passengers. December 30, 1965 - The Jorge Chávez International Airport was officially inaugurated by president Fernando Belaunde Terry after it began operations earlier in 1960. More anniversaries... General images The following are images from various Peru-related articles on Wikipedia. Map showing the Tacna-Arica dispute and its solution (from History of Peru) Population map of Peru in 2007 (regional) (from Demographics of Peru) The flag of Peru flies over the port of Leticia after the takeover (from History of Peru) Demonstration in Lima against Manuel Merino, 12 November 2020 (from History of Peru) Battle of Junín, 6 August 1824 (from History of Peru) Sánchez Cerro during the signing ceremony of the new constitution on April 9, 1933. (from History of Peru) Amerindian woman with child (from Demographics of Peru) Battle of Junín, 6 August 1824 (from History of Peru) Colonial tapestry, late 17th or early 18th century. It was woven by indigenous weavers for a Spanish client, incorporating then-fashionable Chinese imagery. (from History of Peru) Sánchez Cerro during the signing ceremony of the new constitution on April 9, 1933. (from History of Peru) Peruvian girls (from Demographics of Peru) Colonial tapestry, late 17th or early 18th century. It was woven by indigenous weavers for a Spanish client, incorporating then-fashionable Chinese imagery. (from History of Peru) Plan of the City of Kings (Lima), 1674. (from History of Peru) Plan of the City of Kings (Lima), 1674. (from History of Peru) Peru's football team in 1970; the ethnic diversity of Peruvians is visible, with players showing African, Amerindian and European ancestry in various mixes. (from Demographics of Peru) Dissolution of Peru-Bolivia:   Peru-Bolivia   Controlled by the United Restoration Army   First Provisional Government of Peru   Northern Peruvian Republic   Second Provisional Government of Peru   Provisional Government of Bolivia   New Peruvian State   New Bolivian State   Controlled by the United Restoration Army during the restoration   De facto borders after the dissolution   Disputed between Peru-Bolivia and Argentina   Disputed between Bolivia and Argentina (from History of Peru) The Main Square of Lima during the attempted coup of 1909. (from History of Peru) Territorial changes after the war (from History of Peru) Territorial changes after the war (from History of Peru) 1882-83 Sierra Campaign (from History of Peru) 1882-83 Sierra Campaign (from History of Peru) Dissolution of Peru-Bolivia:   Peru-Bolivia   Controlled by the United Restoration Army   First Provisional Government of Peru   Northern Peruvian Republic   Second Provisional Government of Peru   Provisional Government of Bolivia   New Peruvian State   New Bolivian State   Controlled by the United Restoration Army during the restoration   De facto borders after the dissolution   Disputed between Peru-Bolivia and Argentina   Disputed between Bolivia and Argentina (from History of Peru) Life expectancy in Peru since 1940 (from Demographics of Peru) The Main Square of Lima during the attempted coup of 1909. (from History of Peru) Demonstration in Lima against Manuel Merino, 12 November 2020 (from History of Peru) Life expectancy in Peru since 1960 by gender (from Demographics of Peru) Map showing the Tacna-Arica dispute and its solution (from History of Peru) Peruvian Paso (from Demographics of Peru) Chinatown in Lima (from Demographics of Peru) The flag of Peru flies over the port of Leticia after the takeover (from History of Peru) Historical population of Peru (from Demographics of Peru) Selected article - While Peru accounts for about four per cent of the world's annual renewable water resources, over 98% of its water is available east of the Andes, in the Amazon region. The coastal area of Peru, with most of economic activities and more than half of the population, receives only 1.8% of the national freshwater renewable water resources. Economic and population growth are taking an increasing toll on water resources quantity and quality, especially in the coastal area of Peru. The government of Peru is currently undertaking a major transformation of its water resources management from a centralized approach focused on irrigation development in the coastal area to a river basin integrated water resources management for the entire country. The 2009 Water Resources Law (Ley de Recursos Hídricos) and the draft National Water Resources Management Strategy of 2004 (Estrategia Nacional para la Gestión de los Recursos Hídricos Continentales del Perú) contain the necessary elements for Integrated Water Resources Management as stated in international good practices namely, integration of sectoral policies, participation of stakeholders, decentralization of management to the river basin level and recognition of water as a social and economic good. Despite the new law, several key challenges remain, including limited institutional capacity, increasing water stress in the coastal region, deteriorating water quality, poor efficiency in the irrigation sector, as well as inadequate access to and poor quality of water supply and sanitation. (Full article...) List of selected articles Machu Picchu Ollanta Humala Spanish conquest of Peru Peruvian Navy Jisk'a Iru Muqu Irrigation in Peru Reimond Manco Casma–Sechin culture Economy of Peru Peruvian Army 2017–20 Peruvian political crisis Alberto Fujimori Cenepa War Electricity sector in Peru Chavín culture Vinicunca Club Universitario de Deportes Trujillo, Peru Internal conflict in Peru Daniel Alomía Robles Mineral industry of Peru Immortal Technique Inés Melchor 2022 Peruvian protests History of the Ecuadorian–Peruvian territorial dispute Did you know (auto-generated) - ... that the Peruvian Civil Guard officer Mariano Santos Mateo was nicknamed the Brave Man of Tarapacá because he captured a banner of a Chilean military unit during the Battle of Tarapacá? ... that Swedish naval officer Axel Lagerbielke was imprisoned in Lima for over a year, held in Callao and eventually escaped from Panama on an English packet boat to Jamaica? ... that dominant males of Perugia's limia may be so preoccupied with fighting each other that the females end up mating with the subordinate males? ... that Josiane Lima won Brazil's first Paralympic rowing medal? ... that Ariana Orrego was the first Peruvian gymnast to compete at the Olympic Games? ... that Juan José Cabezudo was an openly gay chef and street-food seller in 19th-century Lima? ... that Naikilah Perusahaan Minang is the oldest operating autobus company in Indonesia? ... that a bust of former Peruvian president Justiniano Borgoño was stolen from its pedestal by thieves? Categories Category puzzle Select [►] to view subcategories Peru Peru-related lists Buildings and structures in Peru Culture of Peru Economy of Peru Education in Peru Environment of Peru Geography of Peru Government of Peru Health in Peru History of Peru Organisations based in Peru Peruvian people Peruvian websites Piura streets Politics of Peru Society of Peru Peru stubs Related portals Selected quote - “ Conscience is the best judge that a righteous man has. ” 1st Protector of Peru José de San Martín 1778–1850 Basic facts & figures More did you know... ...that the 17th century Cuzco School (painting pictured), centered on Cusco, Peru, is considered the first organized artistic center in the New World? ...that Alan García was reelected as president in the 2006 general election twenty years after a first term marked by economic crisis and social unrest? ...that José Carlos Mariátegui, a journalist, political philosopher, and founder of the Peruvian Socialist Party, was self-taught? ...that around a quarter of all Peruvian Hairless Dogs are actually born with hair? ...that the Quelccaya Ice Cap, the largest glaciated area in the tropics, has lost approximately 20% of its area since 1978? Peru Topics Recognized content Featured articles Andean condor Coropuna Cougar Huaynaputina Jaguar Peru national football team Pisco sour Quelccaya Ice Cap Tutupaca Ubinas Featured lists List of World Heritage Sites in Peru Regions of Peru Good articles 2007 Carancas impact event Gómez de Alvarado Ampato Andagua volcanic field Juan Bielovucic Justiniano Borgoño Casiri (Tacna) Chachani Sarita Colonia Cutervo National Park Edwin Donayre Mariano Gagnon History of Lima Huascarán National Park LANSA Flight 502 Misti Battle of Ollantaytambo Marcela Pérez de Cuéllar Peru at the 2010 Winter Olympics Pichu Pichu William H. Prescott Purupuruni Quyllurit'i Sabancaya Sara Sara Carlos Scharff Joran van der Sloot Squatting in Peru Lake Tauca Ticsani White-tailed jay Yucamane WikiProjects Things you can do Assess and prioritise articles (log) Check for copyvios at Special:Contributions/Priscilla D, tag as {{Db-copyvio}} where appropriate Create: Expand: new articles; top importance articles FAC / FLC: Peru national football team GAN: Merge requests: Amazonas before the Inca Empire, Chachapoyas culture Review: Shining Path, Universitario de Deportes Translate: National University of San Marcos Work on Lima, the current article improvement drive Wikify: articles needing attention New articles This list was generated from these rules. Questions and feedback are always welcome! The search is being run daily with the most recent ~14 days of results. Note: Some articles may not be relevant to this project. Rules | Match log | Results page (for watching) | Last updated: 2024-12-31 21:56 (UTC) Note: The list display can now be customized by each user. See List display personalization for details. 1866 Peruvian general election (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools) by Number 57 (talk · contribs · new pages (43)) started on 2024-12-31, score: 31 Cetopsis coecutiens (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools) by Kelubact (talk · contribs · new pages (6)) started on 2024-12-31, score: 16 1868 Peruvian general election (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools) by Number 57 (talk · contribs · new pages (43)) started on 2024-12-30, score: 31 Thomas Cochrane campaign (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools) by 45.173.72.69 (talk · contribs · new pages (1)) started on 2024-12-30, score: 16 Eduardo Carrasco Toro (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools) by Aamong Us (talk · contribs · new pages (2)) started on 2024-12-30, score: 31 2025 Copa América Femenina (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools) by Footballnerd2007 (talk · contribs · new pages (8)) started on 2024-12-30, score: 16 1872 Peruvian presidential election (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools) by Number 57 (talk · contribs · new pages (43)) started on 2024-12-29, score: 31 Buesst (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools) by Qaswa (talk · contribs · new pages (85)) started on 2024-12-29, score: 16 1915 Peruvian presidential election (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools) by Number 57 (talk · contribs · new pages (43)) started on 2024-12-29, score: 31 Luis Guzmán (footballer) (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools) by Barr Theo (talk · contribs · new pages (89)) started on 2024-12-28, score: 31 1876 Peruvian presidential election (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools) by Number 57 (talk · contribs · new pages (43)) started on 2024-12-28, score: 31 Pygmaeocereus (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools) by Peter coxhead (talk · contribs · new pages (51)) started on 2024-12-28, score: 16 Octavio Salazar Miranda (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools) by MoviesandTelevisionFan (talk · contribs · new pages (48)) started on 2024-12-26, score: 31 Javier González Olaechea (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools) by LordGarcia (talk · contribs · new pages (2)) started on 2024-12-25, score: 31 Pedro Mariano Cabello (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools) by Aamong Us (talk · contribs · new pages (2)) started on 2024-12-25, score: 31 2024 Lobitos oil spill (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools) by Noble Attempt (talk · contribs · new pages (10)) started on 2024-12-25, score: 31 Pachitea province (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools) by SafariScribe (talk · contribs · new pages (246)) started on 2024-12-24, score: 16 Otuzco province (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools) by SafariScribe (talk · contribs · new pages (246)) started on 2024-12-24, score: 16 Hernando de Grijalva (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools) by George Burgess (talk · contribs · new pages (1)) started on 2024-12-24, score: 16 La Unión province, Peru (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools) by SafariScribe (talk · contribs · new pages (246)) started on 2024-12-24, score: 16 Lambayeque province (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools) by SafariScribe (talk · contribs · new pages (246)) started on 2024-12-24, score: 16 Celendín province (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools) by SafariScribe (talk · contribs · new pages (246)) started on 2024-12-23, score: 16 Cajabamba province (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools) by SafariScribe (talk · contribs · new pages (246)) started on 2024-12-23, score: 16 Bongará province (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools) by SafariScribe (talk · contribs · new pages (246)) started on 2024-12-23, score: 16 Operation Hotel (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools) by 45.173.72.70 (talk · contribs · new pages (1)) started on 2024-12-19, score: 16 Shu-Peru (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools) by OsigbemheEJB (talk · contribs · new pages (35)) started on 2024-12-12, score: 16 Domingo Arrillaga (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools) by Barr Theo (talk · contribs · new pages (89)) started on 2024-12-23, score: 31 The Gods We Can Touch Tour (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools) by Bloodinthewine (talk · contribs · new pages (6)) started on 2024-12-23, score: 23 San Miguel province (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools) by SafariScribe (talk · contribs · new pages (246)) started on 2024-12-23, score: 16 Tarma province (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools) by SafariScribe (talk · contribs · new pages (246)) started on 2024-12-23, score: 16 Azángaro province (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools) by SafariScribe (talk · contribs · new pages (246)) started on 2024-12-23, score: 16 Yarowilca province (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools) by SafariScribe (talk · contribs · new pages (246)) started on 2024-12-23, score: 16 Víctor Fajardo province (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools) by SafariScribe (talk · contribs · new pages (246)) started on 2024-12-23, score: 16 Anna Abalkina (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools) by DrThneed (talk · contribs · new pages (13)) started on 2024-12-22, score: 15 What Happened to the Earth? (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools) by Bloodinthewine (talk · contribs · new pages (6)) started on 2024-12-22, score: 23 1784 Peru earthquake (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools) by Dora the Axe-plorer (talk · contribs · new pages (5)) started on 2024-12-22, score: 31 Flor de Loto (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools) by Victor Lopes (talk · contribs · new pages (1)) started on 2024-12-21, score: 31 Juan García Pizarro (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools) by Baal Nautes (talk · contribs · new pages (9)) started on 2024-12-21, score: 16 Opinion polling for the 2011 Peruvian general election (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools) by Number 57 (talk · contribs · new pages (43)) started on 2024-12-20, score: 23 Carlos Burella (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools) by SuperSkaterDude45 (talk · contribs · new pages (4)) started on 2024-12-19, score: 46 Enrique Rodríguez Piña (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools) by SuperSkaterDude45 (talk · contribs · new pages (4)) started on 2024-12-19, score: 31 Bentín Tacna Heroica (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools) by Ericbaudouin (talk · contribs · new pages (4)) started on 2024-12-19, score: 31 Víctor Calatayud (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools) by SuperSkaterDude45 (talk · contribs · new pages (4)) started on 2024-12-18, score: 31 Juventud Santo Domingo (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools) by Ericbaudouin (talk · contribs · new pages (4)) started on 2024-12-18, score: 31 Eduardo Wolf (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools) by SuperSkaterDude45 (talk · contribs · new pages (4)) started on 2024-12-17, score: 46 Miss International 1997 (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools) by Ky01535 (talk · contribs · new pages (39)) started on 2024-12-17, score: 16 Miss International 1989 (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools) by Ky01535 (talk · contribs · new pages (39)) started on 2024-12-17, score: 16 Miss International 1987 (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools) by Ky01535 (talk · contribs · new pages (39)) started on 2024-12-17, score: 16 Miss International 1968 (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools) by Ky01535 (talk · contribs · new pages (39)) started on 2024-12-17, score: 16 Miss International 1963 (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools) by Ky01535 (talk · contribs · new pages (39)) started on 2024-12-17, score: 16 Marmosa waterhousei (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools) by Memer15151 (talk · contribs · new pages (6)) started on 2024-12-16, score: 16 Associated Wikimedia The following Wikimedia Foundation sister projects provide more on this subject: Commons Free media repository Wikibooks Free textbooks and manuals Wikidata Free knowledge base Wikinews Free-content news Wikiquote Collection of quotations Wikisource Free-content library Wikiversity Free learning tools Wikivoyage Free travel guide Wiktionary Dictionary and thesaurus Discover Wikipedia using portals List of all portals The arts portal Biography portal Current events portal Geography portal History portal Mathematics portal Science portal Society portal Technology portal Random portal WikiProject Portals Purge server cache