Portal:Coffee

The Coffee Portal

Introduction

Coffee is a beverage brewed from roasted, ground coffee beans. Darkly colored, bitter, and slightly acidic, coffee has a stimulating effect on humans, primarily due to its caffeine content, but decaffeinated coffee is also commercially available. There are also various coffee substitutes. Typically served hot, coffee has the highest sales in the world market for hot drinks.

Coffee production begins when the seeds from coffee cherries (the Coffea plant's fruits) are separated to produce unroasted green coffee beans. The "beans" are roasted and then ground into fine particles. Coffee is brewed from the ground roasted beans, which are typically steeped in hot water before being filtered out. It is usually served hot, although chilled or iced coffee is common. Coffee can be prepared and presented in a variety of ways (e.g., espresso, French press, caffè latte, or already-brewed canned coffee). Sugar, sugar substitutes, milk, and cream are often added to mask the bitter taste or enhance the flavor.

Though coffee is now a global commodity, it has a long history tied closely to food traditions around the Red Sea. Medieval sources indicate that coffee was first consumed in the 'Land of Saʿd ad-Din" also known as the Adal Sultanate, which encompassed Somali territories and adjacent areas of the Horn of Africa. Credible evidence of coffee drinking as the modern beverage subsequently appears in modern-day Yemen in southern Arabia in the middle of the 15th century in Sufi shrines, where coffee seeds were first roasted and brewed in a manner similar to how it is now prepared for drinking. The coffee beans were procured by the Yemenis from the Ethiopian Highlands via coastal Somali intermediaries, and cultivated in Yemen. By the 16th century, the drink had reached the rest of the Middle East and North Africa, later spreading to Europe. (Full article...)

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Coffee production has been a major source of income for Vietnam since the early 20th century. First introduced by the French in 1857, the Vietnamese coffee industry developed through the plantation system, becoming a major economic force in the country. After an interruption during and immediately following the Vietnam War, production rose once again after Đổi mới economic reforms, making coffee second only to rice in value of agricultural products exported from Vietnam. (Full article...)

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The following are images from various coffee-related articles on Wikipedia.

Image 1A 1652 handbill advertising coffee for sale in St. Michael's Alley, London (from History of coffee)
Image 2A cup of coffee with cheesecake at a cafe in Helsinki, Finland (from Coffee culture)
Image 3Moka pot (from Coffee preparation)
Image 4German Empot coffee maker (from Coffee preparation)
Image 5Café Zimmermann, Leipzig (engraving by Johann Georg Schreiber, 1732) (from History of coffee)
Image 6A variation on the moka pot with the upper section formed as a coffee fountain (from Coffee preparation)
Image 7Trieste from where the cappuccino spread (from Coffeehouse)
Image 8The Grey Owl Coffee shop in Norman, Oklahoma (from Coffeehouse)
Image 9Filter coffee being brewed (from Coffee preparation)
Image 10The word coffee in various European languages (from Coffeehouse)
Image 11Drip coffee maker (from Coffee preparation)
Image 12A coffeehouse in Cairo, 18th century (from Coffeehouse)
Image 13Coffeepot (cafetière "campanienne"), part of a service, 1836, hard-paste porcelain, Metropolitan Museum of Art (from History of coffee)
Image 14A coffee shop at a library in Melbourne (2006) (from Coffee culture)
Image 15Interior of an espresso bar from Baliuag, Philippines (from Coffeehouse)
Image 16Moka 2 Cup Coffee Fountain (from Coffee preparation)
Image 17Caffè San Marco in Trieste, known for its artists, writers and intellectuals (2014) (from Coffee culture)
Image 18Café Mélange, Vienna (from Coffeehouse)
Image 19Café Kampela, Helsinki (from Coffeehouse)
Image 20Caffè Florian in Venice (from Coffeehouse)
Image 21A coffeehouse in Damascus (2003) (from Coffee culture)
Image 22"Café" neon sign in Breda (from Coffeehouse)
Image 23Dutch coffee-roasting machine, c. 1920 (from Coffee preparation)
Image 24Single serve Vietnamese drip filter (from Coffee preparation)
Image 25Caffè Florian in Venice (2015) (from Coffee culture)
Image 26Café Ekberg in 2024 (from Coffeehouse)
Image 27Wheel coffee grinder (from Coffee preparation)
Image 28Home espresso machine without pump (only with steam pressure) (from Coffee preparation)
Image 29Monsooned Malabar arabica, compared with green Yirgachefe beans from Ethiopia (from History of coffee)
Image 30Coffeehouses often sell pastries or other food items. (from Coffeehouse)
Image 31"Discussing the War in a Paris Café", The Illustrated London News, 17 September 1870, during the Franco-Prussian War (from Coffeehouse)
Image 32The Café de Flore on the Rive Gauche in Paris is one of the oldest coffeehouses in the city. It is celebrated for its famous clientele, which included high-profile writers and philosophers. (from Coffeehouse)
Image 33Statue of Fernando Pessoa by Lagoa Henriques, next to the A Brasileira café, in Chiado, Lisbon (from Coffeehouse)
Image 34A shop specialised in drip coffee in Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand (from Coffeehouse)
Image 35Various grinders for coffee and spices (from Coffee preparation)
Image 36Dutch engraving of Mocha in 1692 (from History of coffee)
Image 37Cafés in central Tirana (2017) (from Coffee culture)
Image 38Coffee grinder (from Coffee preparation)
Image 39Coffee break in Belgrade (2013) (from Coffee culture)
Image 40A Viennese café (from Coffeehouse)
Image 41Central European Habsburg coffee house culture: news, coffee, the glass of water and the marble table top (2004) (from Coffee culture)
Image 42Family in Söderhamn, Sweden, seated for fika (c. 1916) (from Coffee culture)
Image 43The Federal Coffee Palace, built on Collins Street, Melbourne, in 1888, was the largest and grandest Coffee Palace ever built. It was demolished in 1973. (from Coffeehouse)
Image 44Café Tortoni is an emblematic café in Buenos Aires. Frequented by Jorge Luis Borges among many other figures of Argentina. (from Coffeehouse)
Image 45Kaffa kalid coffeepot, by French silversmith François-Thomas Germain, 1757, silver with ebony handle, Metropolitan Museum of Art (from History of coffee)
Image 4618th century French plan of Mocha, Yemen. The Somali, Jewish and European quarters are located outside the citadel. The Dutch, English, Turkish and French trading posts are inside the city walls. (from History of coffee)
Image 47The Coffee Bearer by John Frederick Lewis (1857) (from History of coffee)
Image 48Allow cold brew to steep for 8 to 24 hours. (from Coffee preparation)
Image 49Home espresso machine with pump (from Coffee preparation)
Image 50In a pour-over, the water passes through the coffee grounds, gaining soluble compounds to form coffee. Insoluble compounds remain within the coffee filter. (from Coffee preparation)
Image 51Centre Place, Melbourne. Australia and New Zealand have competing claims as being the birthplace of the "flat white". (from Coffeehouse)
Image 52A coffee shop in Bacoor, Philippines (from Coffeehouse)
Image 53Commercial espresso machine (from Coffee preparation)
Image 54A café in a former church, Utrecht (from Coffeehouse)
Image 55Inside of a kopitiam, Malaysia (from Coffeehouse)
Image 56A coffeehouse in London, 17th century (from Coffeehouse)
Image 57Roadside café with a summer terrace. Buryatia, Russia (from Coffeehouse)
Image 58Palestinian women grinding coffee, 1905 (from History of coffee)
Image 59Rumah Loer, a contemporary-style coffee shop (Indonesian: rumah kopi kekinian) in Palembang, Indonesia (from Coffeehouse)
Image 60Syrian Bedouin from a beehive village in Aleppo, Syria, sipping the traditional murra (bitter) coffee, 1930 (from History of coffee)
Image 61Coffee plantation (from History of coffee)
Image 62A coffee bearer, from the Ottoman quarters in Cairo (1857) (from Coffee culture)
Image 63Caffe Reggio on MacDougal Street in New York City's Greenwich Village which was founded in 1927 (from Coffeehouse)
Image 64Pope Clement VIII: The Pope who popularised coffee in Europe among Christians (from History of coffee)
Image 65A Viennese coffeehouse (2004) (from Coffee culture)
Image 66Les Deux Magots in Paris, once a famous haunt of French intellectuals (2006) (from Coffee culture)
Image 67Coffee house culture between Vienna and Trieste: the coffee, the newspaper, the glass of water and the marble tabletop (from History of coffee)

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... that Maraba Coffee, the first Rwandan coffee to gain Fairtrade status, is used to make the only coffee beer sold in the British Isles?

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A flat white with latte art

A flat white is a coffee drink consisting of espresso and steamed milk. It generally has a higher proportion of espresso to milk than a caffè latte, and lacks the thick layer of foam in a cappuccino. While the origin of the flat white is unclear, various café owners in Australia and New Zealand claim its invention. (Full article...)

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Galão

Credit: Ondřej Žváček

Galão is a hot drink from Portugal made of espresso and foamed milk. In all similar to café latte or café au lait, it comes in a tall glass with about one quarter coffee, three quarters foamed milk, as opposed to the smaller Garoto (coffee) that is served in a demitasse/espresso smaller china cup.

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... that the Highfield Cocoa and Coffee House in Sheffield, England, sold tea, coffee and cocoa at a penny a pint and also provided billiards and reading rooms?
... that Franz Liszt's female admirers would fight over his cigar stubs and coffee dregs as souvenirs?
... that in a copyright infringement case over a coffee-table history of the Grateful Dead, the Second Circuit held that a reuser can still claim fair use despite negotiating with the rights holder?
... that a Vancouver TV station was intended to stop the "$1,500 cup of coffee"?
... that Mammillaria luethyi was not seen for 44 years after being discovered growing in a coffee can on the windowsill of Mrs Crosby's?
... that actor Tatsunari Kimura ate pancakes and drank coffee while talking for eight hours during the filming of the television drama Old-Fashioned Cupcake?
... that the city council of Bandung in the Dutch East Indies initially met at the site of a former coffee-packing factory?
... that Bob Dylan poked Emmylou Harris when he wanted her to start singing during the recording of "One More Cup of Coffee (Valley Below)"?

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Web resources

World Coffee Research – a 501 (c)(5) nonprofit program of the international coffee industry. (Wikipedia article: World Coffee Research)
Coffee Research Foundation – based in Kenya, and founded in 1908
Central Coffee Research Institute – based in Chickmagalur District, India, and founded in 1915

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v t e Coffee
Topics	Economics Fair trade History International Coffee Day Single-origin coffee Third-wave coffee
Production	Coffee production Organic coffee Shade-grown coffee Sustainable coffee List of countries by coffee production Coffee roasting Coffee wastewater Decaffeination Home roasting
Species and varieties	Arabica Benguet Blue Mountain Bonifieur Bourbon Geisha Kona Maracaturra Maragogipe Molokai S795 Sagada Charrieriana Liberica Barako Racemosa Robusta Sulu
Components	Cafestol Caffeic acid Caffeine Coffee bean Furan-2-ylmethanethiol Kahweol
Preparation	AeroPress Arabic coffee Jebena Brewed coffee Chemex Cezve Chorreador Coffeemaker Cold brew nitro Drip coffee Espresso doppio lungo ristretto Espresso machine French drip Karlsbad coffee maker French press Instant coffee Coffee syrup Knockbox Moka pot Neapolitan flip coffee pot Percolator Turkish coffee Yazdi coffee Vacuum maker Single-serve coffee container
Coffee drinks	Affogato Americano Beaten coffee Bica Bicerin Black Russian Cà phê sữa đá Café au lait Café com cheirinho Café con leche Café de olla Café Touba Caffè corretto Caffè crema Caffè macchiato Caffè mocha Cappuccino Carajillo Coffee cabinet Coffee milk Cortado Café Cubano Dalgona coffee Egg coffee Espresso Flat white Frappé coffee Frappuccino Galão Garoto Gassosa al caffè Iced coffee Indian filter coffee Ipoh white coffee Irish coffee Karsk Kopi Kopi luwak Kopi tubruk Kurdish coffee Latte macchiato Latte Liqueur coffee Long black Lungo Marocchino Mazagran Moretta Oliang Raf coffee Red eye Ristretto Rüdesheimer Kaffee Tenom coffee Turkish coffee White coffee White Russian Wiener Melange Yazdi coffee Yuenyeung
Organization lists	Bakery cafés Coffee companies Coffeehouses
Lifestyle	Barista Bikini barista Caffè sospeso Coffee break Coffee ceremony of Ethiopia and Eritrea CoffeeCon Coffee culture Australia Former Yugoslavia Coffee cupping Coffee palace Coffeehouse Historical coffeehouses Kopi tiam Latte art Viennese coffee house
Substitutes	Barley coffee Barley tea Barleycup Caro Cereal coffee Chicory Dandelion coffee Inka Maya nut Postum Qishr
Serving vessels	Coffee cup sleeve Cezve Demitasse spoon Tasse à café Zarf
Competitions	United States Barista Championship World Barista Championship World Brewers Cup
Misc.	Coffee and doughnuts Coffee bag Coffee service Coffee leaf rust Coffee wars Gustav III of Sweden's coffee experiment Canned coffee Coffee vending machine Used coffee grounds Sustainable coffee Low acid coffee
Coffee portal Category: Coffee

v t e Coffee production by region
Top 20 producers (2014)	Brazil Colombia Costa Rica Dominican Republic Ecuador El Salvador Ethiopia Guatemala Honduras India Indonesia Java Ivory Coast Mexico Nicaragua Papua New Guinea Peru Tanzania Thailand Uganda Vietnam
Other cultivators	Angola Bolivia China Cameroon Cuba Democratic Republic of the Congo Guadeloupe Guam Haiti Jamaica Kenya Laos Martinique Panama Paraguay Philippines Puerto Rico Sri Lanka Timor-Leste United States (Hawaii) Venezuela
Lists	List of countries by coffee production List of countries by coffee exports

v t e Coffee in Italy
Roasters	illy Lavazza Massimo Zanetti Beverage Group Caffè Pascucci Caffè del Doge Guglielmo Caffè
Historical Coffeehouses	Antico Caffè Greco Caffè Bardi Caffè-Pasticceria Cova Caffè Florian Caffè Giubbe Rosse Caffè Lavena Caffè Michelangiolo Caffè Quadri Caffè San Marco Caffè Fiorio Caffè Gambrinus Gran Caffè Doney Palazzina Majani, Bologna Pedrocchi Café Antico Caffè Spinnato
People	Alfonso Bialetti Francesco Illy Luigi Lavazza Angelo Moriondo
Technology	Bialetti Caffitaly Cimbali FrancisFrancis De'Longhi Elektra Faema Gaggia La Marzocco Lelit Rancilio Saeco Smeg
Drinks	Affogato Barbajada Bicerin Bombardino Caffè corretto Caffè crema Caffè macchiato Espressino Espresso Lungo Ristretto Doppio Latte macchiato Marocchino Mocaccino Shakerato Gassosa al caffè Moretta
Other	Barista Caffè sospeso Easy Serving Espresso Pod Espresso machine IperEspresso ISSpresso Lavazza A Modo Mio Moka pot Neapolitan flip coffee pot