Pesisir language
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| Pesisir | |
|---|---|
| Bahaso Pasisi | |
| Native to | Indonesia (North Sumatra) |
| Region | Sibolga and the surrounding regions |
| Ethnicity | Pesisir |
Native speakers | (36,500 cited 1986)[1] |
Austronesian
| |
| Latin (Indonesian alphabet) | |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | – |
| Glottolog | None |
 Areas where Pesisir is spoken by the majority of the population
Areas where Pesisir is spoken by a significant minority of the population | |
Pesisir language (Pesisir: Bahaso Pasisi, Indonesian: Bahasa Pesisir, lit. 'coastal language'), is a dialect of the Minangkabau language spoken by the Pesisir people, descendants of the Minangkabau who migrated to Tapanuli in the 14th century and intermingled with other ethnic groups, including the Bataknese and Acehnese.[2] The Pesisir people reside in Central Tapanuli, Sibolga, the coastal areas of South Tapanuli, and Mandailing Natal, along the western coastline of North Sumatra, Indonesia. The history of this language began with the arrival of Minangkabau migrants from Pariaman in West Sumatra, who came to trade along the northern west coast of Sumatra. These migrants then made contact with other ethnic groups, resulting in a linguistic acculturation with both languages.[3] As a result, the Pesisir language shares similarities with the Pariaman dialect of Minangkabau and has also been influenced by the Batak language.[4]
The Pesisir language of Sibolga serves as a lingua franca for the people of Sibolga and Central Tapanuli. The Pesisir language is used as a means of communication. In daily interactions, the Pesisir language plays an important role. This role can be seen in many aspects of their lives, such as activities in the market, greetings, working on the beach and at sea, visiting, joking, and playing. The use of language in these aspects is not limited to certain groups but encompasses all members of society, from children to the elderly.[5]
Classification
[edit]The Pesisir language is a Malayic language. Speakers of Malayic languages are spread from Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Southern Thailand, to the southernmost part of the Philippines. Malay is a member of the Austronesian family of languages, which includes languages from Taiwan, Southeast Asia, and the Pacific Ocean, with a smaller number in continental Asia. Malagasy, a geographic outlier spoken in Madagascar in the Indian Ocean, is also a member of this language family. Although these languages are not necessarily mutually intelligible to any extent, their similarities are often quite apparent. In more conservative languages like Malay, many roots have come with relatively little change from their common ancestor, Proto-Austronesian. There are many cognates found in the languages' words for kinship, health, body parts and common animals. Numbers, especially, show remarkable similarities.[6]
The Pesisir language closely resembles the Minangkabau language, particularly the Pariaman dialect.[3] Lexically, it shares about 70% to 80% of its vocabulary with Standard Minangkabau.[7] Research suggests that Pesisir and Minangkabau were once the same language but began to diverge around the 14th century.[7] Over time, the Pesisir language has developed its own distinct features, influenced by interactions with other local languages such as Batak and Acehnese. Nevertheless, due to these linguistic similarities, most studies still classify the Pesisir language as a dialect of Minangkabau, though some also consider it a dialect of Malay.[8]
References
[edit]- ^ Simorangkir et. al. 1986, p. 5.
- ^ Fatmawaty, Rindu (24 Sep 2024). "Asal Usul Bahasa Pesisir Sibolga". Radio Republik Indonesia (in Indonesian).
- ^ a b Aisyah, Siti; Widayati, Dwi (2022-09-01). "Hubungan Kekerabatan Bahasa Pesisir Pasar, Kampung, dan Sorkam (Kajian Linguistik Historis Komparatif)". Aksara: Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan Nonformal. 8 (3): 2367. doi:10.37905/aksara.8.3.2367-2376.2022. ISSN 2721-7310.
- ^ Simatupang, Irfan (2022-10-30). "Eksistensi Masyarakat Pesisir di Sibolga: Studi Etnografi Tentang Keberadaan Etnis Pesisir di Sibolga". Aceh Anthropological Journal. 6 (2): 96. doi:10.29103/aaj.v6i2.6866. ISSN 2746-0436.
- ^ Syafitri, Febriyanti (2021-02-13). "Interferensi Bahasa Pesisir Sibolga Tapanuli Tengah pada Karangan Narasi Siswa Kelas X Madrasah Aliyah Darur Rachmad Sibolga Sibolga Kajian Fonologi". Jurnal Basasasindo (in Indonesian). 1 (1): 1–9. ISSN 2775-4693.
- ^ Adelaar, K. Alexander; Himmelmann, Nikolaus (2013-03-07). The Austronesian Languages of Asia and Madagascar. Routledge. ISBN 9781136755095.
- ^ a b Tarihoran, Rezky Khoirina; Widayati, Dwi (2022-07-20). "Lexicostatistics of Toba Language, Sibolga Language, and Minangkabau Language". Budapest International Research and Critics Institute-Journal (BIRCI-Journal). 5 (3): 18318–18328. ISSN 2615-3076.
- ^ Hutagalung, Rut Hotmaida; Siboro, Hensani Br; Hutagaol, Merina (2023-06-22). "Valensi Verba Bahasa Batak Pesisir Dialek Sibolga Tapanuli Tengah". Innovative: Journal Of Social Science Research. 3 (2): 13848–13855. ISSN 2807-4238.
Bibliography
[edit]- Simorangkir, Setiana; Lubis, Amir Husin; Sihombing, Heddina; Silitonga, Sortha (1986). Struktur Bahasa Pesisir Sibolga [Structure of the Pesisir Language in Sibolga] (PDF) (in Indonesian). Jakarta: Language Development and Cultivation Center, Department of Education and Culture.
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