Myrmotherula
| Myrmotherula | |
|---|---|
| |
| Unicolored antwren (Myrmotherula unicolor) | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Passeriformes |
| Family: | Thamnophilidae |
| Genus: | Myrmotherula Sclater, PL, 1858 |
| Type species | |
| Muscicapa pygmaea[1] Gmelin, 1789
| |
| Species | |
|
See text | |
Myrmotherula is a genus of insectivorous passerine birds in the antbird family, Thamnophilidae. These are all small antbirds, measuring 9–11.5 cm (3.5–4.5 in).
The genus was erected by the English zoologist Philip Sclater in 1858.[2] The type species is the pygmy antwren.[3]
The genus currently contains the following species:[4]
Streaked group:
| Image | Common Name | Scientific Name | Distribution |
|---|---|---|---|
 |
Moustached antwren | Myrmotherula ignota | western Amazonia and Tumbes-Chocó-Magdalena |
 |
Pygmy antwren | Myrmotherula brachyura | Amazonia |
.jpg) |
Guianan streaked antwren | Myrmotherula surinamensis | Giuana Shield |
| - | Amazonian streaked antwren | Myrmotherula multostriata | Amazonia |
.jpg) |
Pacific antwren | Myrmotherula pacifica | Tumbes-Chocó-Magdalena |
_,_Novo_Air%C3%A3o,_Amazonas,_Brazil.jpg) |
Cherrie's antwren | Myrmotherula cherriei | northern Amazonia |
,_Anavilhanas,_Novo_Air%C3%A3o,_Amazonas,_Brazil_02.jpg) |
Klages's antwren | Myrmotherula klagesi | Branco and lower Amazon River |
.jpg) |
Stripe-chested antwren | Myrmotherula longicauda | eastern foothills of northern Andes |
| - | Yellow-throated antwren | Myrmotherula ambigua | north of upper Rio Negro |
| - | Sclater's antwren | Myrmotherula sclateri | southern Amazonia |
Grey group:
| Image | Common Name | Scientific Name | Distribution |
|---|---|---|---|
;_Ramal_do_Noca,_Rio_Branco,_Acre_,_Brazil.jpg) |
White-flanked antwren | Myrmotherula axilliaris | Central America and northern South Amrica |
.jpg) |
Silvery-flanked antwren | Myrmotherula luctuosa | Atlantic Forest |
| - | Slaty antwren | Myrmotherula schisticolor | Central America and Northern Andes |
| - | Rio Suno antwren | Myrmotherula sunensis | sparse range across western Amazonia |
;_S%C3%A3o_Sebasti%C3%A3o;_S%C3%A3o_Paulo,_Brazil.jpg) |
Salvadori's antwren | Myrmotherula minor | mid Atlantic Forest |
.jpg) |
Long-winged antwren | Myrmotherula longipennis | Amazonia |
| - | Band-tailed antwren | Myrmotherula uristicta | Bahia coastal forests |
;_Atalaia_do_Norte,_Amazonas,_Brazil_(cropped).jpg) |
Ihering's antwren | Myrmotherula iheringi | southern Amazonia |
| - | Rio de Janeiro antwren | Myrmotherula fluminensis | Serra dos Órgãos |
| - | Yungas antwren | Myrmotherula grisea | Yungas |
 |
unicolored antwren | Myrmotherula unicolor | southern Atlantic Forest |
| - | Alagoas antwren | Myrmotherula snowi | Pernambuco coastal forests |
| - | Plain-winged antwren | Myrmotherula behni | tepuis and sparsely across northern Andes |
;_Serra_do_Navio,_Amap%C3%A1,_Brazil.jpg) |
Grey antwren | Myrmotherula menestriesii | Amazonia |
.jpg) |
Leaden antwren | Myrmotherula assimilis | riverine Amazonia |
Several species previously included in this genus as the "stipple-throated group" have now been transferred to a new genus, Epinecrophylla based on a 2006 study of nest architecture, foraging behaviour and vocal repertoire.[4][5] A molecular genetic study published in 2012 found that the genus was not monophyletic.[6] As a step in creating monophyletic genera, two species that were only distantly related to the other members of Myrmotherula, the rufous-bellied antwren and the plain-throated antwren, were moved to the newly erected genus Isleria.[4][6] A further study published in 2014 confirmed that the species remaining in Myrmotherula formed a paraphyletic group with respect to the genera Terenura, Formicivora, Stymphalornis and Myrmochanes.[7]
References
[edit]- ^ "Thamnophilidae". aviansystematics.org. The Trust for Avian Systematics. Retrieved 2023-07-16.
- ^ Sclater, Philip Lutley (1858). "Synopsis of the American Ant-birds (Formicariidae). Part II containing the Formicivorinae or Ant-wrens". Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London. Part 26: 232–254 [234].
- ^ Peters, James Lee, ed. (1951). Check-list of Birds of the World. Vol. 7. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Museum of Comparative Zoology. p. 188.
- ^ a b c Gill, Frank; Donsker, David, eds. (2018). "Antbirds". World Bird List Version 8.1. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 4 February 2018.
- ^ Isler, M.L.; Lacerda, D.R.; Isler, P.R.; Hackett, S.J.; Rosenberg, K.V.; Brumfield, R.T. (2006). "Epinecrophylla, a new genus of antwrens (Aves: Passeriformes: Thamnophilidae)". Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. 119 (4): 522–527. doi:10.2988/0006-324X(2006)119[522:EANGOA]2.0.CO;2. S2CID 86322876.
- ^ a b Bravo, G.A.; Chesser, R.T.; Brumfield, R.T. (2012). "Isleria, a new genus of antwren (Aves: Passeriformes: Thamnophilidae)". Zootaxa. 3195: 61–67. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3195.1.5.
- ^ Bravo, G.A.; Remsen, J.V.; Brumfield, R.T. (2014). "Adaptive processes drive ecomorphological convergent evolution in antwrens (Thamnophilidae)". Evolution. 68 (10): 2757–2774. doi:10.1111/evo.12506. PMID 25135629. S2CID 25309573. See also Supporting Information Figure S.1
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