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Orange Line (Bangkok)

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MRT Orange Line
รถไฟฟ้ามหานคร สายสีส้ม
Min Buri Station
Overview
StatusStructure Complete :
 OR13  Thailand Cultural Centre -
 OR29  Yaek Rom Klao
Under Construction :
 OR02  Bang Khun Non -
 OR13  Thailand Cultural Centre
Future :
 OR01  Taling Chan -
 OR02  Bang Khun Non
OwnerMass Rapid Transit Authority of Thailand
LocaleBangkok, Thailand
Termini
  •  OR01  Taling Chan
  •  OR29  Yaek Rom Klao
Stations17 (Structure Complete)
11 (Under construction)
1 (future)
Service
TypeRapid transit
SystemMRT
Operator(s)Bangkok Expressway and Metro
Depot(s)Phra Ram 9
Rolling stockSiemens
32 three-car trains
History
Planned openingMay 2028 :
 OR13 Thailand Cultural Centre -
 OR29  Yaek Rom Klao
November 2030 :
 OR02  Bang Khun Non -
 OR13  Thailand Cultural Centre
TBA :
 OR01  Taling Chan -
 OR02  Bang Khun Non
Technical
Line length38.78 km (24.10 mi)
Elevated 8.43 km (5.24 mi)
Underground: 30.35 km (18.86 mi)
Track gauge1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) standard gauge
Electrification750 V DC third rail
Operating speed80 km/h (50 mph)
Route map

Legend
 Bang Khun Non
 MRT 
 Siriraj
Chao Phraya River
 Sanam Luang
Democracy Monument
 MRT 
 Lan Luang
Yommarat
 SRT 
 Ratchathewi
 BTS 
 Pratunam
Ratchaprarop
 ARL 
 Din Daeng
Pracha Songkhro
 MRL 
 Thailand Cultural Centre
 MRT 
 MRTA
Wat Phra Ram 9
Ramkhamhaeng 12
 MRL 
 Ramkhamhaeng University
SAT
Ramkhamhaeng 40
Yaek Lam Sali
 MRT 
 Si Burapha
Ban Ma
Sammakorn
Nom Klao
Rat Phatthana
Wat Bang Pheng
Kheha Ram
Min Buri
 MRT 
 Yaek Rom Klao
This diagram:

The MRT Orange Line (Thai: รถไฟฟ้ามหานคร สายสีส้ม) is a rapid transit line of the Mass Rapid Transit Authority of Thailand (MRTA) in the Bangkok Metropolitan Area, Thailand. When fully completed, the MRT Orange line will be 35.9 km (22.3 mi) long with 29 stations (7 stations will be elevated for 8.9 km (5.5 mi) and 22 will be underground for 27 km (16.8 mi)), including an interchange with the current Thailand Cultural Centre Station of MRT Blue Line).

The line is divided into two sections; the 22.5 km (14.0 mi) Eastern section from Yaek Rom Klao to Thailand Cultural Centre[1][2] and the 2nd phase, 13.4 km (8.3 mi) Western section from Thailand Cultural Centre to Bang Khun Non. Construction of the 22.5 km (14.0 mi) Eastern Section started in June 2017.

The line cannot open until a signalling system is installed and rolling stock is ordered, both of which have not been tendered as the processes have been delayed due to problems with the western extension tender process. The line is not expected to open until August 2025[3] or more likely late 2025 or early 2026.[4] Then it was later delayed again to 2028.

By the end of April 2023, construction had progressed to 99.50%.[5]

Route alignment

[edit]

The MRT Orange Line starts at Yeak Rom Klao station near the Ramkhamheang-Suwinthawong Junction in Min Buri District in Bangkok's eastern suburbs as an elevated line running west along Ramkhamhaeng Road. It interchanges with the MRT Pink Line at Min Buri station. It then continues along Ramkhamhaeng road for 7.5 km (4.7 mi) before transitioning to underground before Ban Ma Junction in Bang Kapi District. The Orange Line then interchanges with the elevated MRT Yellow Line at Yaek Lam Sali station. It continues farther southwest along Ramkhamhaeng rd passing Hua Mak Stadium and Ramkhamhaeng University to Rama 9 road intersection. The line then proceeds west along Rama IX road and crosses Pradit Manutham Road where it will interchange with the future MRT Grey Line before continuing to the current Mass Rapid Transit Authority of Thailand Headquarters where the Orange line depot is located, along with the MRT Blue Line depot. The line then routes north to the Thailand Cultural Centre Station to interchange with the MRT Blue Line where it terminates.

The western section of the MRT Orange Line, runs west from Thailand Cultural Centre Station via Din Daeng housing estates and Bangkok City Hall 2 to Vibhavadi Rangsit Road, Sam Liam Din Daeng Junction. Then turns left into Ratchaprarop Road towards Pratu Nam and turns right into Phetchaburi Road then interchanges with BTS Sukhumvit Line at Ratchathewi Station. It continues along Lan Luang Road and Ratchadamnoen Avenue, then crosses the Chao Phraya River near Phra Pinklao Bridge, passes Siriraj Hospital and goes along Bangkok Noi Rail line and terminates at Bang Khun Non at Charan Sanitwong road, where it interchanges with the MRT Blue Line.

History

[edit]

Development

[edit]

The original plan of the MRT Orange Line aimed to serve travel demand between the northwestern area of Thonburi, at Bang Bamru Railway Station in Bang Phlat District, and the east of Bangkok in Bang Kapi District. It was planned to run along Ramkhamhaeng Road and Ratchawithi Road, passing many public places like Hua Mak Stadium, Dusit Zoo and Victory Monument, and provide access to universities including Ramkhamhaeng University, Suan Sunandha and Suan Dusit Rajabhat University and many government offices. In the 1990s proposal for the Orange Line, it indicates a route length of 27.3 kilometers from Bang Kapi to Rat Burana District, while the planned extensions are to Ban Na for 16.4 kilometers and finally to Min Buri District for 10 kilometers.[6]

In 2009, OTP proposed that the original MRT Brown line plan from Bang Kapi District elevated along Ram Khamhaeng Road to the eastern suburbs in Saphan Sung District and Min Buri District, be merged with the Orange Line and updated Bangkok's mass rapid transit master plan accordingly.[7] In July 2011, the section from Bang Khun Non to Taling Chan was finally scrapped in favour of the SRT Light Red Line spur line which duplicates the same route.[8] In 2012, there were further notable changes made to the central and western sections of the Orange Line. The section from Din Daeng District to Bang Bamru was rerouted away from Victory Monument and Ratchawithi road route to further run south to Pratunam and then west along Petchaburi Road and Larn Luang Road. Continuing farther west along Ratchadamnoen Klang Road and Sanam Luang before passing under the Chao Praya river and finally terminating at Bang Khun Non to interchange with the MRT Blue Line extension.

The MRT Orange line Eastern section was originally planned to be tendered by the end of 2013. However, due to protests by residents regarding station footprint and compulsory land acquisition around stations at Pratunam, Ratchaprarop, Pracha Songkhro and Soesim stations the MRTA needed another 12 months to redesign sections of the line.[9] Subsequently, political protests against the Thai government led to the metro transport funding bill lapsing when parliament was dissolved in December 2013. On 9 December 2015, Cabinet finally approved the Orange Line. On 19 April 2016, the Cabinet further approved a budget of 82.9 billion baht for Phase 1 Eastern section to build 17 stations and 22.5 km (14.0 mi) of rail from the Thailand Cultural Centre to Minburi, of which 12.2 km (7.6 mi) will be underground and 9 km (5.6 mi) will be elevated.[10]

Western section tender delay and litigation

[edit]

On 3 July 2020, the MRTA released the tender for the design and construction of the Western extension.[11] However in late August 2020, the tender submission deadline was subsequently delayed.[12] and the MRTA amended the tender assessment criteria resulting in a lawsuit and an injunction suspending the tender decision.[13] The tender was subsequently cancelled by the MRTA in February 2021 given ongoing litigation by the BTSC.[14] After approval by the Administrative Court given ongoing litigation, a new tender issued in October has a deadline for bids of January 2022.[15]

The Criminal Court - Corruption and Malfeasance Division hearing into the cancelled tender process was conducted in late December 2021 which further delayed the reissued tender timeframe.[16] Subject to court approval, the MRTA planned to review tender bids for a period of 3 months before seeking Cabinet approval for a reissued tender in April or May 2022. The MRTA reissued the new tender on 24 May 2022 with tender packages available for purchase until 10 June.[17] 14 different companies purchased the auction envelopes.[18]

The 141 billion baht western extension consists of 86 billion baht for civil works, 14 billion for land appropriation and 31 billion for systems installation, rolling stock and maintenance. The winning bidder was announced by the MRTA on 9 September 2022 with BEM winning the right to build and run the extension over the ITD consortium.[3] However, continued litigation by the BTSC into 2023 has delayed the start of construction.

Construction progress

[edit]

Eastern section

[edit]

Construction contracts were signed on 9 February 2017 between the MRTA and CKST Joint Venture consortium.[19] Construction finally started in June 2017 with a 1980 day construction period with a scheduled opening in October 2022.[20]

At the end of the year, 31 December 2017, progress of civil works construction was at 4.66% according to the MRTA.[21] By the end of July 2018, overall construction progress was 13.57%. By 30 September 2018, overall construction had progressed to 18.33%. [22] At the end of March 2019, construction had progressed to 32.12%.[23] At the end of July 2019, civil construction was at 42.27%. [24] At the end of October 2019, construction had progressed to 49.05%.[25]

At the end of January 2020, construction had progressed to 54.93%.[26] By the end of May 2020, construction had progressed to 62.42%. [27] On 5 October 2020, TBM number 2 finished tunneling and reached Ramkhamhaeng 12 station box as part of contract 2.[28] At the end of September 2020, was at 69.82%.[29]

At the end of January 2021, construction had progressed to 76.09%.[30] Construction progress was 81.03% by the end of April 2021.[31] Construction progress was 87.24% by the end of October 2021.[32] By the end of March 2022, construction progress was at 92.69%.[33] By the end of May 2022, construction had progressed to 94.51%.[34] As of March 23 2023, construction had progressed to 99.00%[35]

By the end of June 2023, construction had progressed to 100.00%.[36]

Contract Notes Contractor(s) Kilometre Cost
E1  OR13  Thailand Cultural Centre to  OR16  Ramkhamhaeng 12 CKST Joint Venture 6.29 ฿20,633.00 million
E2  OR16  Ramkhamhaeng 12 to  OR19  Hua Mak 3.44 ฿21,507.00 million
E3  OR19  Hua Mak to  OR22  Klong Ban Ma Italian-Thai Development 4.04 ฿18,570.00 million
E4  OR22  Klong Ban Ma to  OR29  Yaek Rom Klao Unique Construction and Engineering 8.8 ฿9,990.00 million
E5 Depot and Park & Ride CKST Joint Venture ฿4,831.24 million
E6 Track and Electrical Unique Construction and Engineering ฿3,690.00 million
Total Budget ฿79,221.24 million

Rolling stock

[edit]

The tender for operation of the line and purchase of rolling stock for both the eastern and western sections was issued in May 2022, along with the construction of the western section.[37] However, it was delayed due to the ongoing litigation regarding the western extension, and the tender was suspended. In July 2024, it was announced at the signing ceremony of the joint investment contract for the Orange Line that they planned to have 32 electric trains, each with 3 carriages.[38]

In October 2024, BEM has concluded its selection by choosing Siemens as the manufacturer for the Orange Line trains, with a design similar to that of the Blue Line. The trains will be manufactured in Europe. However, there are currently no additional details about the Orange Line trains, as the parties involved are preparing to announce further information.[39]

Western section

[edit]

The Phase 2 Western extension of the Orange line will run from Thailand Cultural Centre to Bang Khun Non via Pratunam. The 13.4 km (8.3 mi) western section will run underground with 12 stations.

The Thai Cabinet was expected to approve the 121 billion baht budget for the Western extension in mid 2017 with a tender due for the 2nd half of 2017.[40] However, this decision was delayed until 2018 as Cabinet requested options to be considered for a joint public and private investment proposal.[41] There were further delays into 2019, but the MRTA finalised a joint PPP plan for Cabinet to approve in mid 2019.[42] On 28 January 2020, the Cabinet approved the 142 billion baht extension. It was originally expected to open in February 2026 and serve 439,000 passengers daily.[43][44]

On 3 July 2020, the MRTA released the tender for the design, construction and operation of the Western extension as a Public-Private Partnership project on a 30 year lease.[11] The tender deadline was 23 September 2020 with the successful bidder to be announced in early October 2020. The tender specified a construction period of 3 and a half years.

There were 10 tenderers that purchased the request for proposal (RFP) form with two major consortiums that submitted final bids:

  • Bangkok Expressway and Metro Public Company Limited (BEM) - operator of the MRT Blue Line and MRT Purple Lines.
  • BSR Consortium, led by Bangkok Mass Transit System Public Company Limited (BTSC), and supported by BTS Group Holdings (BTS Group) and Sino-Thai Engineering and Construction (STECON). BTSC is the operator of the MRT Pink Line and MRT Yellow Lines.

However, in late August 2020 the tender submission deadline was subsequently delayed by the MRTA.[12] Thereafter, the MRTA amended the tender assessment criteria resulting in a lawsuit being lodged by the BTSC in the Administrative Court on 17 September 2020 with the Court imposing an injunction suspending the tender decision.[13] The tender was subsequently cancelled by the MRTA in February 2021 due to litigation by the BTSC.[14] After approval by the Administrative Court given ongoing litigation, a new tender issued in October has a deadline for bids of January 2022.[15]

The Criminal Court Corruption and Malfeasance division hearings into the cancelled tender process were conducted from 14 to 24 December 2021 and have delayed the reissued tender timeframe.[45] Subject to court approval, the MRTA planned to review all tender bids for a period of 3 months before seeking final Cabinet approval of the winning bid in April 2022. However, there are also construction budget concerns for the extension as steel prices have increased by 40% since the previous budget was approved.[46] The EIA for the western extension was also updated in December 2021 as Din Daeng station was moved north by 500m, Pracha Songkhro station was moved east by 450m and Yommarat station was redesigned.[47]

The MRTA reissued the new tender auction on 24 May 2022 with tender packages available for purchase until 10 June.[17] The 141 billion baht western extension consists of 86 billion baht for civil works, 14 billion for land appropriation and 31 billion for systems installation, rolling stock and maintenance. The winning bidder was announced by the MRTA on 9 September 2022 with BEM winning the right to build and run the extension over the ITD consortium.[3]

On 18 July 2024, construction contracts were signed at the MRTA office. The Minister of Transport, Suriya Juangroongruangkit, instructed MRTA and BEM, the concession holder, to expedite the track and electrical works on the Orange Line's eastern section from the Thailand Cultural Centre to Yaek Rom Klao for completion as soon as possible. The primary objective is to open the eastern section by early 2028, with the western section set to be completed ahead of schedule by November 2028. It was confirmed that the Orange Line’s maximum fare will be capped at 20 Baht or with a flat rate of 20 Baht for the entire route.[48]

Stations

[edit]
Further information: List of rapid transit stations in Bangkok
Code Station Name Opened Platform Type Position Park

& Ride

Transfer Notes
English Thai
Taling Chan - Bang Khun Non: 4.54 km (Future)
 OR01  Taling Chan ตลิ่งชัน N/A Island Underground - Connecting station to;
•  BTS  (1 km walking distance; future)•  SRT 
• SRT Southern Line 		Appeared on the 2022 Final Reports.[49]
Bang Khun Non - Thailand Cultural Centre: 13.2 km (Under construction)
 OR02  Bang Khun Non บางขุนนนท์ November 2030 Island Underground - Connecting station to;
•  MRT 
•  SRT  (future)
 OR03  Siriraj ศิริราช Stacked - Connecting station with  SRT  (future) Exit to Siriraj Hospital.
 OR04  Sanam Luang สนามหลวง Island - Exit to:
• Sanam Luang
• The Grand Palace
• Khaosan Road
• National Theatre
 OR05  Democracy Monument อนุสาวรีย์ประชาธิปไตย Island - Interchange station to  MRT  (under construction) Exit to:
• Mahakan fort
• Rattanakosin Exhibition Hall
• Queen Sirikit Gallery
• Royal Pavilion Mahajetsadabadin
• Wat Saket.
 OR06  Lan Luang หลานหลวง Island -
 OR07  Yommarat ยมราช Island - Connecting station to  SRT  (future)
 OR08  Ratchathewi ราชเทวี Island - Connecting station to  BTS 
 OR09  Pratunam ประตูน้ำ Stacked - Exit to:
• Embassy of Indonesia
• Platinum Fashion Mall.
 OR10  Ratchaprarop ราชปรารภ Stacked - Connecting station to
•  ARL 
•  SRT  (future)
• SRT Eastern Line 		Exit to:
• Pratunam Market
• Indra Square
• Baiyoke Tower.
The station site has been moved 300 meters north to replace Rangnam station.[49]
 OR11  Din Daeng ดินแดง Island - Exit to Bangkok City Hall 2.
 OR12  Pracha Songkhro ประชาสงเคราะห์ Side - Connecting station to  MRL  (future)
Thailand Cultural Centre - Yaek Rom Klao: 21.04 km (Structure Complete)
 OR13  Thailand Cultural Centre ศูนย์วัฒนธรรมแห่งประเทศไทย May 2028 Side Underground √ Interchange station to  MRT  Exit to:
• The One Ratchada Market
• Esplanade Ratchada
• The Street Ratchada
• China Cultural Centre
• Thailand Cultural Centre.
 OR14  MRTA รฟม. Island - Exit to Royal City Avenue (RCA).
 OR15  Wat Phra Ram 9 วัดพระราม 9 Stacked - Connecting station to  MRL  (future) Formerly Pradit Manutham.
 OR16  Ramkhamhaeng 12 รามคำแหง 12 Stacked - Exit to The Mall Ramkhamhaeng.
 OR17  Ramkhamhaeng University มหาวิทยาลัยรามคำแหง Stacked - Exit to Ramkhamhaeng University.

Formerly Ramkhamhaeng.

 OR18  SAT กกท. Island - Exit to:
• Rajamangala Stadium
• Indoor Stadium Hua Mak
Formerly Rajamangala.
 OR19  Ramkhamhaeng 34 รามคำแหง 34 Island - Formerly Hua Mak and Ramkhamhaeng 40.
 OR20  Yaek Lam Sali แยกลำสาลี Island - Connecting station to;
•  MRT 
•  MRT  (future) 		Formerly Lam Sali.
 OR21  Si Burapha ศรีบูรพา Island -
 OR22  Khlong Ban Ma คลองบ้านม้า Side √
 OR23  Sammakorn สัมมากร Side Elevated -
 OR24  Nom Klao น้อมเกล้า Side -
 OR25  Rat Phatthana ราษฎร์พัฒนา Side -
 OR26  Min Phatthana มีนพัฒนา Side -
 OR27  Kheha Ramkhamhaeng เคหะรามคำแหง Side -
 OR28  Min Buri มีนบุรี Side √ Interchange station with  MRT 
 OR29  Yaek Rom Klao แยกร่มเกล้า Side - Formerly Suwinthawong.

Note: In February 2020, the MRTA changed the names of 3 stations  OR19 ,  OR20 , and  OR29 .[50]

Route map

[edit]

Network map

[edit]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Six contracts signed for construction of B79.2bn Orange Line". Bangkok Post. 9 February 2017. Retrieved 12 February 2017.
  2. ^ Mokkhasen, Sasiwan (5 July 2017). "MRT Orange Line construction to begin Monday". Khaosod English. Thailand. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
  3. ^ a b c "BEM wins bid for Orange Line project". Bangkok Post. 9 September 2022.
  4. ^ "MRT Orange Line summary of factual information". MRTA Website. 18 March 2023.
  5. ^ "MRT Orange Line construction update May 2023". MRTA Facebook site. 12 May 2023.
  6. ^ "Urban Railway Projects In Bangkok - Measures for Securing Financial Resources" (PDF).
  7. ^ "โครงการศึกษาเพื่อปรับแผนแม่บทระบบขนส่งมวลชนทางรางในเขตกรุงเทพมหานครและปริมณฑล". Archived from the original on 2010-06-11. Retrieved 2010-03-17.
  8. ^ "ข่าวผู้จัดการ แตกต่างกว่าที่นึก ลึกกว่าที่คิด | ผู้จัดการออนไลน์".
  9. ^ "คมนาคมสั่งรฟม.รื้อ "สายสีส้ม"1.8แสนล. | ไทยโพสต์". Archived from the original on 2014-03-20. Retrieved 2014-03-20.
  10. ^ "Orange Line wins cabinet approval". Bangkok Post.
  11. ^ a b "MRT Orange Line extension tender". MRTA Website. 3 July 2020.
  12. ^ a b "รถไฟฟ้าสายสีส้ม เลื่อนยื่นซอง 45 วัน รฟม.รื้อเกณฑ์ประมูลใหม่". Prachachat news. 21 August 2020.
  13. ^ a b "ด่วน! ศาลสั่งคุ้มครองบีทีเอส ให้ รฟม. ประมูลสายสีส้ม ตามเกณฑ์เดิม". Prachachat news. 20 October 2020.
  14. ^ a b "ภคพงศ์ ศิริกันทรมาศ ไขปมล้มประมูล "รถไฟฟ้าสายสีส้ม"". Prachachat news. 27 February 2021.
  15. ^ a b "1 ปีที่หายไป ประมูล 'รถไฟฟ้าสายสีส้ม'". BangkokBiz news. 5 September 2021.
  16. ^ "ศาลอาญาคดีทุจริตรับคำฟ้อง! "บีทีเอสร้องรถไฟฟ้าสีส้ม"". Daily News. 25 October 2021.
  17. ^ a b "ประมูลรอบใหม่! ขายซองรถไฟฟ้าสีส้ม "บางขุนนนท์-มีนบุรี"". Daily News. 24 May 2022.
  18. ^ "ประมูลสายสีส้มกระหึ่ม กัลฟ์ -ไชน่าฮาเบอร์ -ยักษ์เกาหลี -ญี่ปุ่นแจมซื้อซอง". Thansettakij. 11 June 2022.
  19. ^ "MRT Orange Line contracts signed". Thai PBS. 9 February 2017.
  20. ^ "Lane closures for Orange line start in Ramkhamhaeng". Bangkok Post. 9 February 2017.
  21. ^ "MRT Orange Line construction update December 2017 2023". MRTA PR. 7 January 2018.
  22. ^ "MRT Orange Line construction update October 2018". MRTA PR. 12 October 2018.
  23. ^ "การรถไฟฟ้าขนส่งมวลชนแห่งประเทศไทย on Facebook". Facebook. Archived from the original on 2022-04-30.MRTA Press
  24. ^ "MRT Orange Line construction update August 2019". MRTA PR. 9 August 2019.
  25. ^ "MRT Orange Line construction update October 2019". MRTA PR. 10 November 2019.
  26. ^ "MRT Orange Line construction update February 2020". MRTA PR. 7 February 2020.
  27. ^ "MRT Orange Line construction update June 2020 2023". MRTA PR. 5 June 2020.
  28. ^ "MRT Orange Line tunneling completed". MAA Consultants Co Ltd. 6 October 2020.
  29. ^ "MRT Orange Line construction update October 2020". MRTA PR. 8 October 2020.
  30. ^ "MRT Orange Line construction update February 2021". MRTA PR. 8 February 2021.
  31. ^ "MRT Orange Line construction update May 2021". MRTA PR. 7 May 2021.
  32. ^ "MRT Orange Line construction update November 2021". MRTA PR. 6 November 2021.
  33. ^ "MRT Orange Line construction update April 2022". MRTA PR. 8 April 2022.
  34. ^ "MRT Orange Line construction update June 2022". MRTA PR. 8 June 2022.
  35. ^ "MRTA Orange Line East Construction Progress". Retrieved 5 April 2023.
  36. ^ "The MRT Orange Line (East Section)". mrta-orangelineeast.com. Retrieved 2024-10-28.
  37. ^ "เปิดทีโออาร์ สายสีส้ม "เข้มสเปก" ซองเทคนิค BTS-BEM พร้อมสู้ศึกประมูล". กรุงเทพธุรกิจ. Archived from the original on 2022-06-27. Retrieved 27 June 2022.
  38. ^ Siripanjana, Maneerat. "วันนี้ที่รอคอย! ลงนามร่วมทุน "สายสีส้ม" เร่งเปิดเดินรถปลายปี 70 ของขวัญปีใหม่ประชาชน". เดลินิวส์ (in Thai). Retrieved 2024-07-18.
  39. ^ จิราสิต, จิรา. "BEMเลือก"ซีเมนส์"ผลิตรถไฟฟ้าสายสีส้ม32 ขบวนทยอยนำมา16ขบวนบริการปลายปี70". เดลินิวส์ (in Thai). Retrieved 2024-10-28.
  40. ^ "B385bn Rail Projects expected to go ahead". Bangkok Post. 26 May 2017.
  41. ^ "Ministry mulls Orange Line cost transfer". Bangkok Post. 15 August 2017.
  42. ^ "B230bn for Orange Line". Bangkok Post. 7 May 2019.
  43. ^ Theparat, Chatrudee (30 October 2020). "Tangled lines". Bangkok Post. Retrieved 31 October 2020.
  44. ^ "MRT extension approved". Bangkok Post. 29 January 2020.
  45. ^ "ศาลอาญาคดีทุจริตรับคำฟ้อง!! "บีทีเอสร้องรถไฟฟ้าสีส้ม"". Daily News. 25 October 2021.
  46. ^ "สายสีส้มลากยาว ดันต้นทุนก่อสร้างพุ่ง". Thansettakij News. 16 May 2021.
  47. ^ name="https://www.facebook.com/photo?fbid=1042977602926946&set=pcb.1042980006260039 National Environment Board, 20 December 2021
  48. ^ "รฟม.-BEM ลงนามก่อสร้างสายสีส้มตะวันตก 'สุริยะ' สั่งเดินรถช่วงมีนบุรี ภายในปี'71 – ราคา 20บ.ตลอดสาย". Matichon Online. 18 July 2024.
  49. ^ a b "MRT Orange Line western section final reports" (PDF).
  50. ^ "รฟม. สั่งเปลี่ยนชื่อ สถานีรถไฟฟ้า 4 สาย หวังให้ประชาชนจำง่ายขึ้น". Khaosod Online. 21 February 2020.
[edit]
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