List of sovereign states in the 1880s
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This is a list of sovereign states in the 1880s, giving an overview of states around the world during the period between 1 January 1880 and 31 December 1889. It contains entries, arranged alphabetically, with information on the status and recognition of their sovereignty. It includes widely recognized sovereign states, entities which were de facto sovereign but which were not widely recognized by other states, and 1 state which was initially unrecognized but then gained full recognition later in the decade.
Sovereign states
[edit]Name and capital city | Information on status and recognition of sovereignty | |
---|---|---|
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A[edit] | ||
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Abuja – Abuja Emirate Capital: Abuja |
Widely recognized state. | |
| ||
Agadez – Tenere Sultanate of Aïr[1] Capital: Agadez |
Widely recognized state. | |
| ||
![]() Capital: Andorra la Vella |
Widely recognized independent state. The President of France and Bishop of Urgell were ex officio Co-Princes of Andorra. The defense of Andorra was the responsibility of France and Spain. | |
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Angoche – Angoche Sultanate[3] Capital: Angoche | ||
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![]() Capital: Mbarara |
Widely recognized state. | |
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Annam – Empire of Annam (to 25 August 1883) Capital: Phú Xuân |
Widely recognized state to 1883. Internal imperial system within Chinese tributary to 1883. | |
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![]() Capital: Buenos Aires | ||
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![]() Capital: Arochukwu |
Widely recognized state. | |
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![]() Capital: Kumasi |
Widely recognized state. | |
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![]() Capital: Aussa |
Widely recognized state. | |
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![]() Capital: Vienna (Cisleithania), Budapest (Transleithania) |
Widely recognized state. | |
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B[edit] | ||
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Baguirmi – Kingdom of Baguirmi[9] Capital: Massenya |
Tributary state of the Bornu Empire. | |
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![]() Capital: Klungkung |
Widely recognized state. Bali was a series of kingdoms that ruled the island of Bali. | |
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Baol – Kingdom of Baol[10] Capital: Diourbel |
Widely recognized state. | |
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![]() Capital: Mongu |
Widely recognized state. | |
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![]() Capital: Brussels |
Widely recognized state. Belgium has sovereignty over 1 corporatocracy and 1 condominium:
| |
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![]() Capital: Edo |
Widely recognized state. | |
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Bhutan – Kingdom of Bhutan Capital: Punakha |
Widely recognized state. | |
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Biu – Biu Kingdom Capital: Biu |
Widely recognized state. | |
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![]() Capital: Sucre (official), La Paz (administrative) |
Widely recognized state. | |
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![]() Capital: Nunue, Vaitape |
Widely recognized state. | |
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![]() Capital: Ngazargamu |
Widely recognized state. | |
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Brakna – Brakna Emirate Capital: Aleg |
Widely recognized state. | |
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![]() ![]() ![]() Capital: Rio de Janeiro
|
Brazil was a federation of 20 states and one federal district.[a] | |
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![]() Capital: Kampong Ayer |
Widely recognized state to 1888. Annexed by the United Kingdom on 1888. | |
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![]() Capital: Mengo |
Widely recognized state. | |
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![]() Capital: Sofia |
De facto independent, and de jure vassal state under the suzerainty of the Ottoman Empire. | |
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![]() Capital: Tanjung Palas |
Widely recognized state to 1880. Vassal state of Sulu to 1880. Annexed by the Netherlands on 1880. | |
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![]() Capital: Hoima |
Widely recognized state. | |
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![]() Capital: Mandalay |
Widely recognized state to 1885. Annexed by the United Kingdom in 1885. | |
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Burundi – Kingdom of Burundi Capital: Gitega |
Widely recognized state. | |
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![]() Capital: Bugembe |
Widely recognized state. | |
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C[edit] | ||
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![]() Capital: Ottawa |
Widely recognized state. Commonwealth realm. | |
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![]() Capital: Champasak |
Widely recognized state. Vassal state of Siam. | |
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![]() Capital: Santiago |
Widely recognized state. | |
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![]() ![]() Capital: Beijing |
Widely recognized state. China had sovereignty over one territory:
| |
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Chokwe – Chokwe Kingdom Capital: Not specified |
Widely recognized state. | |
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![]() Capital: Bogota
|
Widely recognized state. | |
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![]() Capital: Boma
|
Sovereignty recognized on 8 November 1884. Widely recognized state from 1 July 1885. | |
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![]() Capital: San Jose |
Widely recognized state. | |
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D[edit] | ||
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Dagbon – Kingdom of Dagbon (to 1888) Capital: Yendi |
Widely recognized state to 1888. | |
| ||
![]() Capital: Abomey |
Widely recognized state. | |
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![]() Capital: Phú Xuân |
Widely recognized state to 25 August 1883. Tributary state of China to 25 August 1883. Annexed by France on 25 August 1883. | |
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Damagaram – Sultanate of Damagaram Capital: Zinder |
Widely recognized state. | |
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Dar al Kuti – Sultanate of Dar Al Kuti[22] Capital: N'Délé |
Widely recognized state. Vassal state of Dar Runga. | |
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![]() Capital: Copenhagen |
Widely recognized state. Denmark had sovereignty over the following overseas territories:
| |
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![]() Capital: Dhale |
Widely recognized state. | |
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![]() Capital: Santo Domingo |
Widely recognized state. | |
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Dosso – Dosso Kingdom Capital: Dosso |
Widely recognized state. | |
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E[edit] | ||
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![]() Capital: Quito |
Widely recognized state. | |
| ||
![]() Capital: San Salvador |
Widely recognized state. | |
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![]() Capital: Addis Ababa |
Widely recognized state. | |
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F[edit] | ||
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![]() Capital: Shuqrah |
Widely recognized state to 1888. | |
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![]() Capital: Paris |
Widely recognized independent state. France had sovereignty over the following overseas territories:
| |
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![]() Capital: Timbo |
Widely recognized state. | |
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G[edit] | ||
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Garo – Kingdom of Garo (to 1883) Capital: Not specified |
Widely recognized state to 1883. Annexed by Jimma in 1883. | |
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Gaza – Gaza Empire[24] Capital: Manjacaze |
Widely recognized state. | |
| ||
Geledi – Sultanate of the Geledi Capital: Afgooye |
Widely recognized state. | |
| ||
Gera – Kingdom of Gera (to 1887) Capital: Chala |
Widely recognized state to 1887. Annexed by the Ethiopian Empire in 1887. | |
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![]() Capital: Berlin |
Widely recognized independent state. Germany had sovereignty over the following overseas territories:
| |
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Gomma – Kingdom of Gomma (to 1886) Capital: Agaro |
Widely recognized state to 1886. Annexed by the Ethiopian Empire in 1886. | |
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![]() Capital: Jongaya |
Widely recognized state. | |
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![]() Capital: Athens |
Widely recognized state. | |
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![]() Capital: Guatemala City |
Widely recognized state. | |
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Gumma – Kingdom of Gumma[25] (to 1885) Capital: Not specified |
Widely recognized state to 1885. Annexed by the Ethiopian Empire in 1885. | |
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Gyaaman – State of Gyaaman Capital: Sampa, Drobo |
Widely recognized state. | |
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H[edit] | ||
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![]() Capital: Ha'il |
Widely recognized state. | |
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![]() Capital: Port-au-Prince |
Widely recognized state. | |
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![]() ![]() Capital: Ge |
Subject of the Khedivate of Egypt to 1884. Widely recognized state from 1884 to 1887. | |
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![]() Capital: Honolulu |
Widely recognized state. | |
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![]() Capital: Hobyo |
Widely recognized state to 1888. Annexed by Italy in 1888. | |
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![]() Capital: Tegucigalpa |
Widely recognized state. | |
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![]() Capital: Huahine |
Widely recognized state. | |
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![]() Capital: Baltit |
Widely recognized state. | |
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I[edit] | ||
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Igala – Igala Kingdom Capital: Idah |
Widely recognized state. | |
| ||
Igara – Kingdom of Igara
Capital: Not specified |
Widely recognized state. | |
| ||
Ilé-Ifẹ̀ – Ilé-Ifẹ̀ Kingdom Capital: Ilé-Ifẹ̀ |
Widely recognized state. | |
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![]() Capital: Hargeisa |
Widely recognized state to 1884. Annexed by the United Kingdom in 1884 | |
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![]() Capital: Rome |
Widely recognized independent state. Italy had sovereignty over the following overseas territories:
| |
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J[edit] | ||
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![]() Capital: Tokyo City |
Widely recognized state. Japan had sovereignty over the following overseas territories:
| |
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Jimma – Kingdom of Jimma (to 1884) Capital: Jiren |
Widely recognized state to 1884. Annexed by the Ethiopian Empire in 1884 | |
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![]() Capital: Singapore |
Widely recognized state from December 11, 1885. Recognised the United Kingdom on December 11, 1885. | |
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Jolof – Jolof Kingdom (to 1889) Capital: Ouarkhokh |
Widely recognized state to 1889. Annexed by France in 1889. | |
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K[edit] | ||
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Kaarta – Kingdom of Kaarta Capital: Diangounté, Nioros |
Widely recognized state. | |
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Kaffa – Kingdom of Kaffa Capital: Bonga, Anderaccha |
Widely recognized state. | |
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Kajara – Kajara Kingdom Capital: Not specified |
Widely recognized state. | |
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![]() Capital: Kinguele |
Widely recognized state to 1885. Incorporated into Portuguese Angola in 1885. | |
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![]() Capital: Takai |
Widely recognized state. Vassal of the Sokoto Caliphate | |
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Kasanje – Jaga Kingdom Capital: Not specified |
Widely recognized state. | |
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Kathiri – Hadhrami Kathiri Dynasty in Seiyun Capital: Seiyun |
Widely recognized state. | |
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Kebbi – Kebbi Emirate Capital: Argungu |
Widely recognized state. | |
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Kénédougou – Kénédougou Kingdom Capital: Sikasso |
Widely recognized state. | |
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Khasso – Kingdom of Khasso (to 1880) Capital: Médine |
Widely recognized state to 1880. Incorporated into French Sudan in 1880. | |
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Kong – Kong Empire Capital: Kong |
Widely recognized state. | |
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![]() Capital: Mbanza-Kongo |
Vassal of the Kingdom of Portugal. | |
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![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() Capital: Seoul |
Widely recognized state. | |
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Koya Temne – Kingdom of Koya Capital: Grand Cape Mount |
Widely recognized state. | |
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Kuba – Kingdom of Kuba (to 1884) Capital: Not specified |
Widely recognized state to 1884. Incorporated into the International Association of the Congo in 1884. | |
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L[edit] | ||
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Lafia Beri-Beri – Lafia Beri-Beri Kingdom Capital: Lafia |
Widely recognized state. | |
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![]() Capital: Monrovia |
Widely recognized state. | |
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![]() Capital: Vaduz |
Widely recognized state. | |
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Limmu-Ennarea – Kingdom of Limmu-Ennarea Capital: Saqqa |
Widely recognized state. | |
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![]() Capital: Buali |
Widely recognized state to 1883. Incorporated into French Congo in 1883. | |
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![]() Capital: Jaʿār |
Widely recognized state. | |
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Luba – Luba Empire (to 1889) Capital: Mwibele |
Widely recognized state to 1889. Incorporated into the Congo Free State in 1889. | |
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Lunda – Luba Empire (to 1887) Capital: Not specified |
Widely recognized state to 1887. Incorporated into the Chokwe Kingdom in 1887. | |
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![]() Capital: Luxembourg City |
Widely recognized state. | |
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M[edit] | ||
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![]() Capital: Kuta Watu |
Widely recognized state. | |
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Mahra – Sultanate of Mahra Capital: Qishn |
Widely recognized state. | |
| ||
![]() Capital: Alula |
Widely recognized state to 7 April 1889. Annexed by Italy on 7 April 1889. | |
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![]() Capital: Malé |
Widely recognized state to 1887. | |
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![]() Capital: Mangareva |
Widely recognized state to 21 February 1881. | |
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Manipur – Kingdom of Manipur Capital: Imphal |
Widely recognized state. | |
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Maravi – Kingdom of Maravi Capital: Manthimba |
Widely recognized state. | |
| ||
Matabeleland – Matabele Kingdom Capital: Bulawayo |
Widely recognized state. | |
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Mbunda – Mbunda Kingdom
Capital: Not specified |
Widely recognized state. | |
| ||
![]() Capital: Antananarivo |
Widely recognized state. | |
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![]() Capital: Mexico City |
Widely recognized state. | |
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![]() Capital: Monaco |
Widely recognized state. | |
| ||
![]() Capital: Cetinje |
Widely recognized state. | |
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![]() Capital: Fes |
Widely recognized state. | |
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Mossi Kingdoms – Mossi Empire Capital: Multiple capitals |
Widely recognized independent state. The following are a number of different kingdoms that make up the Mossi Empire: | |
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Mthwakazi – Kingdom of Mthwakazi Capital: Bulawayo |
Widely recognized state. | |
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![]() Capital: Muscat |
De jure independent state. De facto a British protectorate. | |
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Mutayr – Emirate of Mutayr
Capital: Not specified |
Widely recognized state. | |
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N[edit] | ||
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![]() Capital: Seremban |
Widely recognized state. | |
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![]() Capital: Riyadh |
Widely recognized state. | |
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![]() Capital: Kathmandu |
Widely recognized state. | |
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![]() Capital: Amsterdam |
Widely recognized state. | |
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![]() ![]() Capital: Managua |
Widely recognized state. | |
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Niue – Kingdom of Niue-Fekai Capital: Not specified |
Widely recognized state. | |
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Nri – Kingdom of Nri Capital: Igbo-Ukwu |
Widely recognized state. | |
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Nshenyi – Nshenyi Kingdom Capital: Not specified |
Widely recognized state. | |
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O[edit] | ||
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Obwera – Obwera Kingdom Capital: Not specified |
Widely recognized state. | |
| ||
Onitsha – Onitsha Kingdom Capital: Onitsha |
Widely recognized state. | |
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![]() Capital: Bloemfontein |
Widely recognized state. | |
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Oron – Oron Nation Capital: Oron |
Widely recognized state. | |
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![]() Capital: Constantinople |
Widely recognized state. The following are autonomous territories of the Ottoman Empire: | |
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Oyo – Oyo Empire Capital: Oyo-Ile |
Widely recognized state. | |
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P[edit] | ||
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![]() Capital: Pekan |
Widely recognized state to 8 September 1881. | |
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![]() Capital: Asunción |
Widely recognized state. | |
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![]() Capital: Patani |
Widely recognized state. | |
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![]() Capital: Tehran |
Widely recognized state. | |
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![]() Capital: Lima
|
Widely recognized state. | |
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![]() Capital: Lisbon |
Widely recognized state. The following are colonies, vassal state and possession of Portugal:
| |
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Potiskum – Potiskum Emirate Capital: Potiskum |
Widely recognized state. | |
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Q[edit] | ||
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![]() Capital: Al-Shihr |
Widely recognized state 1888. Incorporated into the British Aden Protectorate in 1888. | |
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R[edit] | ||
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![]() ![]() Capital: Uturoa |
Widely recognized state to 19 March 1888. Annexed by France on 19 March 1888. | |
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![]() Capital: Anakena |
Widely recognized state to 9 September 1888. Annexed by Chile on 9 September 1888. | |
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![]() ![]() Capital: Anakena |
Widely recognized state to 1888. Annexed by the United Kingdom in 1888. | |
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![]() Capital: Bucharest
|
Widely recognized state. | |
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Rujumbura – Rujumbura Kingdom Capital: Not specified |
Widely recognized state. | |
| ||
Rukiga – Rukiga Kingdom Capital: Not specified |
Widely recognized state. | |
| ||
![]() ![]() Capital: Saint Petersburg |
Widely recognized state. | |
| ||
Rwanda – Kingdom of Rwanda Capital: Nyanza |
Widely recognized state. | |
| ||
S[edit] | ||
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![]() Capital: Apia |
Widely recognized state. | |
| ||
![]() Capital: San Marino |
Widely recognized state. | |
| ||
![]() Capital: Kuching |
Widely recognized state to 14 June 1888. Annexed by the United Kingdom on 14 June 1888. | |
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![]() ![]() Capital: Belgrade
|
Widely recognized state. | |
| ||
![]() Capital: Kota Mambang Segara |
Widely recognized state. | |
| ||
![]() Capital: Bangkok |
Widely recognized state. The following are vassal states of Siam:
| |
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![]() Capital: Sokoto |
Widely recognized state. | |
| ||
![]() Capital: Madrid |
Widely recognized state. Spain had three colonies, and two possessions:
| |
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![]() Capital: Maimbung |
Widely recognized state. | |
| ||
![]() Capital: Stockholm, Christiania |
Personal union of the separate kingdoms of Sweden and Norway. | |
| ||
![]() Capital: Bern |
Widely recognized state. Switzerland was a federation of 25 cantons.[b] | |
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T[edit] | ||
| ||
Tagant – Emirate of Tagant Capital: Tidjikja |
Widely recognized state. | |
| ||
![]() Capital: Tidjikja |
Widely recognized state to 29 June 1880. Annexed by France on 29 June 1880. | |
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![]() Capital: Nuku'alofa |
Widely recognized state. | |
| ||
Toucouleur – Toucouleur Empire Capital: Segou |
Widely recognized state. | |
| ||
![]() Capital: Pretoria |
Boer republic. | |
| ||
Trarza – Emirate of Trarza Capital: Mederdra |
Widely recognized state. | |
| ||
U[edit] | ||
| ||
![]() Capital: London |
Widely recognized state. The following are colonies, territories, dependencies and protectorates of the United Kingdom:
| |
| ||
![]() Capital: Washington D.C. |
Widely recognized state. The following are territories of the United States of America:
| |
| ||
Upper Aulaqi Sultanate Capital: Nişāb |
Widely recognized state. | |
| ||
Upper Aulaqi Sheikhdom Capital: Sa'id |
Widely recognized state. | |
| ||
![]() Capital: Mahjaba |
Widely recognized state. | |
| ||
![]() Capital: Montevideo |
Widely recognized state. | |
| ||
V[edit] | ||
| ||
![]() Capital: Caracas |
Widely recognized state. | |
| ||
W[edit] | ||
| ||
Wadai – Wadai Empire Capital: Abéché |
Widely recognized state. | |
| ||
![]() Capital: Balhaf |
Widely recognized state. | |
| ||
![]() Capital: Habban |
Widely recognized state. | |
| ||
Wajoq – Kingdom of Wajoq Capital: Tosora |
Widely recognized state. | |
| ||
![]() Capital: Bissandugu |
Widely recognized state. | |
| ||
![]() Capital: Witu |
Widely recognized state to 1885. Annexed by the United Kingdom in 1885. | |
| ||
Wolaita – Kingdom of Wolaita (to November 1894) Capital: Lasho, Dalbo, Sodo |
Widely recognized state. | |
| ||
Y[edit] | ||
| ||
Yamma – Kingdom of Yamma Capital: Fofa |
Widely recognized state. | |
| ||
![]() Capital: Bunkeya |
Widely recognized state. | |
| ||
Z[edit] | ||
| ||
Zabarma – Zabarma Emirate Capital: Not specified |
Widely recognized state. | |
| ||
![]() Capital: Stone Town |
Widely recognized state. | |
| ||
![]() Capital: Bulawayo |
Widely recognized state to 1887. Annexed by the United Kingdom in 1887. | |
| ||
States claiming sovereignty[edit] | ||
![]() Capital: Kutaraja |
Protectorate of the Ottoman Empire. | |
| ||
![]() Capital: Counani |
Unrecognized state. | |
| ||
![]() Capital: Havana |
Unrecognized state. | |
| ||
![]() Capital: None |
Unrecognized state. | |
| ||
![]() Capital: Rooigrond |
Boer republic. | |
| ||
Goust – Republic of Goust Capital: None |
Unrecognized state. | |
| ||
![]() Capital: Vryheid |
Boer republic from 1884 to 1888. | |
| ||
![]() Capital: Batoche |
Unrecognized state, Provisional Government. | |
| ||
![]() Capital: Kon Gung |
Unrecognized state from 3 June 1888. | |
| ||
![]() ![]() Capital: Vryburg |
Boer republic. | |
| ||
![]() Capital: Grootfontein |
Boer republic to June 1887. Merged into German South-West Africa | |
| ||
![]() Capital: None |
Unrecognized state. | |
| ||
![]() Capital: None |
Unrecognized proto-state from 1883 to 1886. | |
|
Notes
[edit]- ^ 20 States: Alagoas, Amazonas, Bahia, Ceará, Espírito Santo, Goiás, Maranhão, Mato Grosso, Minas Gerais, Pará, Paraíba, Paraná, Pernambuco, Piauí, Rio Grande do Norte, Rio Grande do Sul, Rio de Janeiro, Santa Catarina, São Paulo, Sergipe. 1 Federal District: Federal District.
- ^ 25 Cantons: Aargau, Appenzell Ausserrhoden, Appenzell Innerrhoden, Basel-Stadt, Basel-Landschaft, Bern, Fribourg, Geneva, Glarus, Graubünden, Lucerne, Neuchâtel, Nidwalden, Obwalden, Schaffhausen, Schwyz, Solothurn, St. Gallen, Thurgau, Ticino, Uri, Valais, Vaud, Zug, Zürich
References
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Furthest afield were Vientiane and Bassac....
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This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
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