List of equipment of the Vietnam People's Ground Forces

During the First Indochina War (1946–1954), Vietnam War (1955–1975), Cambodian–Vietnamese War (1977–1989), Sino-Vietnamese War (1979) and the Sino-Vietnamese conflicts 1979– 1991 (1979–1991), the Vietnam People's Ground Force relied almost entirely on Soviet-derived weapons and equipment systems. With the end of the Cold War in 1992 Soviet military equipment subsidies ended and Vietnam began the use of hard currency and barter to buy weapons and equipment.

Vietnam prioritizes economic development and growth while maintaining defense spending. The government does not conduct procurement phases or major upgrades of weapons. From the end of the 1990s the Government of Vietnam has announced the acquisition of a number of strategic systems equipped with modern weapons. Accordingly, Vietnam has been slow to develop naval and air forces to control shallow waters and its exclusive economic zone (EEZ). Currently most defense procurement programs focus on remedying this priority. For example, Vietnam has purchased a number of combat aircraft and warships with the capability to operate in high seas. Vietnam also plans to develop its defense industry, with priority placed on the Navy, combined with assistance from its former communist allies, India, and Japan.^[1]^[2]^[3]

Since 2015, Vietnam has begun exploring purchases of U.S. and European weapons while facing numerous political, historical, and financial barriers, as they cannot continue to rely on Soviet and Chinese weapons especially due to the increasing tensions in the South China Sea dispute.^[4]

Personal Equipment

Combat Helmet / Helmet Accessories

Name	Type	Origin	Notes
Modular Integrated Communications Helmet	Combat Helmet	United States Vietnam	Vietnamese copy. Used by People's Army of Vietnam Special Forces, police, and infantry soldiers. Manufactured locally at Factory Z176.^[5]
Type High Cut Helmet	Combat Helmet	United States Vietnam	Vietnamese copy. Used by People's Army of Vietnam Special Forces, police, and future infantry soldiers. Manufactured locally at Factory Z176.^[6]
PASGT Helmet	Combat Helmet	United States Vietnam	Limited use with Special Forces, Border Guards, and the Navy. They are gradually replacing older helmets in all branches of the Army. Most helmets are a Vietnamese-made version of the PASGT Helmet. Earlier models were imported from Israel.^[7]^[8]
Type A2 Helmet	Combat helmet	Vietnam	The PAVN's standard issue bump shell is a hard plastic replica of the PASGT helmets. It is used for training exercises and combat drill.
Vietnamese Pith Helmet	Helmet	Vietnam	Traditional standard issue hard hat, used as the army's utility and barracks cover. Commonly worn by enlisted members with their dress uniforms and during light training.
Utility Cover	Kepi	Vietnam	Standard issue soft cover, consisting of a four-point front panel and an elastic backstrap. The cap's camouflage print is worn matching with field fatigues during patrols.
SSh-68	Combat Helmet	Soviet Union	Limited use.
SSh-40	Combat Helmet	Soviet Union	Limited use.
M1 Helmet	Combat Helmet	United States	Limited use.
OD2M Night Vision Monocular	Night-vision device	Vietnam	Used by People's Army of Vietnam Special Forces.^[9]
MV5	Gas Mask	Vietnam

Body Armor

Name	Type	Origin	Notes
AG K51T Body Armour	Body armor	Vietnam	Been introduced in International Army Game's exhibition.^[10]
AG K53T Body Armour	Body armor	Vietnam	Been introduced in International Army Game's exhibition.^[10]
7.62 K56 Body Armour	Body armor	Vietnam	Been introduced in International Army Game's exhibition.^[10]
AG17	Body armor	Vietnam
Body Armour	Body armor	Vietnam	Limited use. NIJ level III.^[11]
Body Armour	Body armor	Vietnam	Modern battle uniform for standard Vietnamese infantry. It will be standard issue in the future. Manufactured at the Z176 factory.^[12]
Combat Leather Pads	Knee Pads & Elbow Pads	Vietnam	Standard Issued along with the new K20 military uniform.^[13]
Marom Dolphin Fusion System	Body armor	Israel	Used by People's Army of Vietnam Special Forces.^[14]
Flak jacket	Body armor	United States	Limited use by some infantry and anti-riot units

Camouflage Pattern

Name	Type	Origin	Notes
K-07 Woodland	Camouflage pattern	Vietnam	Replaced as the standard camo for ground forces by the K-17 Woodland. There are multiple variants of this Woodland camo in terms of slight differences in colors. Commonly used on training fatigues.^[15]^[16]
K-17 Woodland	Camouflage pattern	Vietnam	Former standard-issue camouflage for ground forces. Similar coloration to the K-07, there are also multiple variants for the other branches of the military.^[17]^[18] Replaced by the K-20 and observed limited usage since 2020s.
K-17 Multi-Terrain	Camouflage pattern	Vietnam	Used by Vietnamese forces deployed in arid and desert environment. Based on Multicam color schemes. Seen with Vietnamese troops undergoing peacekeeping missions in South Sudan with the United Nations.
K20 Pattern K21 Field Uniform^[19]	Camouflage pattern	Vietnam	Standard issue as of 2021, the PAVN's K20 camouflage pattern was developed with more subdued coloration. The new uniform will consist of 5 different variants for each branches of service: Ground Forces, Border Guard, Air Defence - Air Force, Navy and Coast Guard.^[13]
Modified Duck Hunter Pattern	Camouflage pattern	Vietnam	Used by People's Army of Vietnam Special Forces. Replaced by the Ground Forces-colored K20 camouflage.
Thermal imaging anti-reconnaissance clothing	Camouflage pattern	Vietnam	Used by People's Army of Vietnam Special Forces. Been introduced in International Army Games's exhibition.^[10]
U.S. Woodland	Camouflage pattern	United States	Limited use. Most commonly seen on old vests mix-matched with K07 uniform or K20
Ghillie suit	Ghillie suit	Vietnam	Used by the snipers and People's Army of Vietnam Special Forces, manufactured locally. Been introduced in International Army Games's exhibition.^[10]

Infantry Weapons

Weapons Attachment

Image	Model	Type	Variant	Origin	Notes
Scopes
	ITL MARS	Red dot sight		Israel	Mounted on Uzi, AKM-1, IWI Tavor.
	Meprolight M21	Red dot sight		Israel	Mounted on Uzi, AKM-1, IWI Tavor, STV Rifles and IWI ACE
	Aimpoint PRO	Red dot sight		United States	Mounted on STV Rifles.^[20]
	Aimpoint CompM4	Red dot sight		United States	Mounted on AKM-1, limited use.^[21]
	KBN-M1	Red-dot sight		Vietnam	Mounted on STV-380.
	Advanced Combat Optical Gunsight	Telescopic sight		United States	Mounted on Special Operations Assault Rifle, Tara TM4 rifle. Limited uses within Military Marksman Demonstration Team.^[22]
	KD41	Optical sight		Vietnam
	N12	Optical sight		Vietnam	Mounted on SBT12M1 (KSVK 12.7).
	NL-91	Night vision sight	NL-92	Vietnam	Mounted on Uzi, AKM-1, IWI Tavor, STV Rifles and IWI ACE.^[23]
	KND-PKMSH	Night vision sight		Vietnam
	KND-DKZ82-K65	Night vision sight		Vietnam
	KND-SCT7M2	Night vision sight		Vietnam	Mounted on SCT-7 (RPG-9).
	KNN-SCT105M1	Night vision sight		Vietnam	Day-night sight. Mounted on SCT-105 (RPG-29).
	KD-RPK	Night vision sight		Vietnam
Barrel
		Silencer		Vietnam
	CornerShot	Weapon accessory		Israel Vietnam	Used by the People's Army of Vietnam Special Forces and Mobile Police Force.^[24]^[25] There is a domestic copy.
Under Barrel
	OPL40M	Grenade launcher	SPL40	Vietnam	40 mm Grenade Launcher. Standard issue grenade launcher accompanying the STV-380 rifles.
	M203	Grenade launcher	T-40	United States Vietnam	40 mm Grenade Launcher. Replaces the trigger for a lever. Mounts on the Galil ACE 32, STL-1A, M18, M16A2 and TAR-21.^[26] Manufactured locally as T-40 at the Z111 Factory.
	IWI GL 40	Grenade launcher		Israel Vietnam	40 mm Grenade Launcher. Used by Naval Infantry Force. Manufactured locally.

Pistol

Model	Type	Caliber	Variant	Origin	Notes
IWI Jericho 941	Semi-automatic pistol	9×19mm Parabellum		Israel Vietnam	Limited use in the army and police, they are being manufactured to slowly replace the K54 and K14VN pistols. Manufactured locally at the Z111 Factory.^[27]^[28]^[29]
CZ P-07 Duty	Semi-automatic pistol	9x19 Parabellum		Czech Republic	Used by People's Army of Vietnam Special Forces and Mobile Police Forces.^[30]
Glock	Semi-automatic pistol	9x19 Parabellum	Glock 19 Glock 34 SN19-T (SN-VN)	Austria Vietnam	Used by People's Army of Vietnam Special Forces and Mobile Police Forces. The SN19-T (SN-VN) is a domestic copy.
Makarov pistol	Semi-automatic pistol	9×18mm Makarov	Type 59 K59 (SN9)	Soviet Union China Vietnam	Used by police officers. Limited use in the army. Manufactured locally as the K59 (SN9).^[31]
CZ-82	Semi-automatic pistol	9×18mm Makarov		Czechoslovak Socialist Republic	Used by police officers. Limited use in the army.^[31]
SN7VN-M24	Semi-automatic pistol	7.62×25mm Tokarev		Vietnam	Derivative of Glock that uses steel frame and chambered in 7.62x25 mm. Can be attached with silencer and scope.
TT-33	Semi-automatic pistol	7.62×25mm Tokarev	Type 54/K54 K14 SN7M SN7TD SN7N	Vietnam Soviet Union China Vietnam	Standard issue service pistol (K14NV) used alongside the K54. This model is equipped with a longer barrel, and a double-stack magazine that holds an increased capacity of 13 rounds.^[32]^[33] Manufactured locally at the Z111 Factory. Standard issue service pistol. Manufactured locally as the K54 (from the Type 54 Chinese TT-33 copy), now being phased out by the new domestic K14. SN7M, SN7TD, and SN7N are all modernized versions of the TT pistols. The SN7M is a basic modernization, SN7TD24 has an integrated silencer, and SN7N has an intrinsic sight.
M1911A1	Semi-automatic pistol	.45 ACP 7.62×25mm Tokarev		United States Vietnam	Captured US M1911A1s in .45 ACP used by the Viet Cong and the North Vietnamese Army during Vietnam War. Locally manufactured copies chambered in 7.62×25mm Tokarev.

Assault Rifle

Model	Type	Caliber	Variant	Origin	Notes
STV	Assault rifle	7.62×39mm	STV-215 STV-270 STV-380 STV-410 STV-416	Vietnam	Standard issue rifle. The STV-215 is the carbine version of the STV-380, it has a barrel length of 215 mm.^[34]^[35] Developed and manufactured at the Z111 Factory. STV-380 muzzle can now be tweaked with various attachments. Can be equipped with indigenous KBN-M1 Red-dot sight. STV-410 and STV-416 were the disconnected variants.
Galil ACE	Assault rifle	7.62×39mm		Israel Vietnam	The domestically made version has the charging handles located on the right side similar to traditional AK-47s. They have been replaced as the standard-issue rifle by the domestically manufactured STV-215/STV-380. The majority of them may have been transferred to Laos and since then rarely spotted in Vietnamese service.^[36]^[37]^[38] Manufactured at the Z111 Factory.
AKM	Assault rifle	7.62×39mm	AKMS AKM-1 AKn	Soviet Union Vietnam	Old models are being converted to domestic AKM-1/AKn plasticized refurbishment. Succeeded and replaced as the standard-issue rifle by the STV-215/STV-380.^[39]^[40] Manufactured locally with some new detail.^[41]
Type 56	Assault rifle	7.62×39mm		China Vietnam	Limited use. Refurbished to become AKn-equivalent and replaced as the standard-issue rifle by the STV-215/STV-380.
AK-47	Assault rifle	7.62×39mm	STL-A1	Soviet Union Vietnam	Limited use. Refurbished domestically as STL-A1 with a polymer stock, polymer handguard, and side rail.
IWI Tavor TAR-21	Bullpup rifle	5.56×45mm NATO		Israel Vietnam	Used by People's Army of Vietnam Special Forces and Naval Infantry.^[36]^[37] Manufactured locally.
STL-556VN	Assault rifle	5.56×45mm NATO		Vietnam	Chambered in 5.56x45mm NATO. Has foldable, adjustable stock and continuous picatinny rail on top.
M16A1	Assault rifle	5.56×45mm NATO	M16A2 CAR-15	United States Vietnam	M16A1 and XM16E1 is used by Militia Forces in southern provinces. Upgraded and manufactured locally as the M16A2VN base on M16A1 and M18 with new stock and Picatinny rail.^[42] M16A2 used by Coast Guard in small numbers. Used by People's Army of Vietnam Special Forces, Naval Infantry, and Coast Guard. Converted locally as the M18 at the Z111 Factory.
CZ 805 BREN	Assault rifle	5.56×45mm NATO	STL-M24	Czech Republic Vietnam	Domestic copy is the STL-M24, chambered in 7.26x39mm. Has a foldable SCAR stock. Use in Military Marksman Demonstration Team.
Special Operations Assault Rifle	Assault rifle	5.56×45mm NATO		United States	Use in Military Marksman Demonstration Team.
FN FNC	Assault rifle	5.56×45mm NATO		Belgium	Use in Military Marksman Demonstration Team.
Tara TM4 Assault rifle	Assault rifle	5.56×45mm NATO		Montenegro	Use in Military Marksman Demonstration Team.
SHMT-M1	Underwater rifle	5.56×45mm NATO flechettes		Vietnam	Designed to fire under or around water. Has gas regulator to seamlessly cycle water in and out.

Submachine Gun

Model	Type	Caliber	Variant	Origin	Notes
PP-19 Bizon	Submachine gun	9×19mm Parabellum 7.62×25mm Tokarev	SN9P SN-7P	Russia Vietnam	Used by People's Army of Vietnam Special Forces. The locally produced version comes with a Galil-style stock, and is chambered in 9×19mm Parabellum.^[43]^[26] Manufactured locally as the SN9P at the Z111 Factory. The SN-7P is chambered in 7.62x25mm.
MP5	Submachine gun	9×19mm Parabellum	MP5A3 MP5K-A4	Germany Turkey Pakistan Vietnam	Used by Mobile Police Command. Domestic copy has picatinny rails. Will eventually be moved to Mobile Police Command section as the Vietnamese is stated to not be user of the MP5 due to a lack of stopping power.
Uzi Pro	Submachine gun	9×19mm Parabellum		Israel Vietnam	Used by People's Army of Vietnam Special Forces and Naval Special Operation Force. Manufactured locally at the Z111 Factory.^[44]
Micro Uzi	Submachine gun	9×19mm Parabellum	TL-K12	Israel Vietnam	Used by People's Army of Vietnam Special Forces. Manufactured locally at the Z111 Factory.^[44] TL-K12 is the domestic copy. Noted to have slight changes.
CZ Scorpion Evo 3	Submachine gun	9×19mm Parabellum		Czech Republic	Use in Military Marksman Demonstration Team.
STV-022	Submachine gun	7.62×39mm		Vietnam	Derivative of the STV rifle. Used by bodyguard unit under the General Staff of the Vietnam People's Army and other units.

Shotgun

Image	Model	Type	Caliber	Variant	Origin	Notes
	Remington Model 870	Shotgun	12 Gauge		United States
	Armsel Striker	Combat shotgun	12 Gauge		South Africa	Limited use.^[45]

Sniper Rifle

Model	Type	Caliber	Variant	Origin	Notes
IWI Galatz	Sniper rifle	7.62×51mm NATO	SBT-7.62VN	Israel Vietnam	Used by People's Army of Vietnam Special Forces and Naval Infantry. Manufactured locally at the Z111 Factory.^[44] SBT-7.62VN has alterations to handguard, grip, stock, etc. The design is based on the SR-99
CZ 750 S1M2	Sniper rifle	7.62×51mm NATO		Czech Republic	Used by the People's Army of Vietnam Special Forces and Mobile Police Force.
PSR-90	Sniper rifle	7.62×51mm NATO		West Germany Pakistan	Used by the People's Army of Vietnam Special Forces and Mobile Police Force.
Dragunov SVD	Designated marksman rifle	7.62×54mmR	SBT-7.62M1	Soviet Union Vietnam	Used by Naval Special Operation Force and Naval Infantry. Manufactured locally at the Z111 Factory.^[46] SBT-7.62M1 is the modernized variant.
OSV-96	Anti-materiel rifle	12.7×108mm	SBT-12M1	Russia Vietnam	Used by People's Army of Vietnam Special Forces. Manufactured locally at the Z111 Factory.^[47] SBT-12M1 is the domestic copy.
KSVK	Anti-materiel rifle	12.7×108mm	SBT12M1^[48]	Russia Vietnam	Used by People's Army of Vietnam Special Forces. Manufactured locally at the Z111 and Z199 Factory as the SBT12M1 to suit local conditions.^[44] Can be equipped with indigenously made N12 optical sight 10x magnification.
Orsis Т-5000	Sniper rifle	.338LM 7.62×51mm NATO .308 Winchester	SBT-7.62M2	Russia Vietnam	Used by People's Army of Vietnam Special Forces. SBT-7.62M2 is modernized with multiple picatinny rails on the barrel. Can be chambered in 7.62x51mm NATO and .308 Winchester, likely due to the similarities between these rounds.
WKW Wilk	Anti-materiel rifle	.50 BMG		Poland	+50 examples were bought.^[49]

Machine Gun

Model	Type	Caliber	Variant	Origin	Notes
IWI Negev	Light machine gun	5.56×45mm NATO 7.62×39mm	STrL-5.56 STrL-7.62	Israel Vietnam	Manufactured locally at the Z111 Factory. STrL-5.56 is the exact domestic copy. Uses PKM handle. Domestic copy is designated as STrL-7.62, chambered in 7.62x39mm. Has foldable stock, PKM handle, 1913 picatinny rail, and fluted barrel that can quickly be swapped.
FN Minimi Mk3	Light machine gun	5.56×45mm NATO		Belgium	Limited use in People's Army of Vietnam Special Forces, Vietnam People's Navy, and Military Marksman Demonstration Team.^[50]
FN MAG	General-purpose machine gun	7.62×51mm NATO		Belgium	Limited use by Military Marksman and Demonstration Team.^[51]
M60	General-purpose machine gun	7.62×51mm NATO		United States	Used by PAVN. Limited use.
Mk 21 Mod 0	Medium machine gun	7.62×51mm NATO		United States	Limited use.
RPD	Light machine gun	7.62×39mm	STrL-D	Soviet Union Vietnam	Standard issue machine gun, modernized with picatinny and side rails. Manufactured locally.
RPK	Light machine gun	7.62×39mm		Soviet Union Vietnam	Standard issue machine gun. Manufactured locally.
PKM	General-purpose machine gun	7.62×54mmR		Soviet Union Vietnam	Standard issue machine gun, Manufactured locally as ĐL7N.
NSV	Heavy machine gun	12.7×108mm		Soviet Union Vietnam	Standard issue tank-mounted machine gun. Manufactured locally at the Z111 Factory.^[52]^[53] Replacing the DShK.
KPV	Heavy machine gun	14.5×114mm		Soviet Union

Mortar

Model	Type	Caliber	Origin	Notes
STA-50 (Fly-K)	Light mortar	50 mm Mortar	Vietnam	Silenced Mortar, inspired from Belgian design. Manufactured locally at the Z117 Factory.^[54]
M2 mortar	Infantry mortar	60 mm Mortar	United States
M1 mortar	Infantry mortar	81 mm Mortar	United States
M29 mortar	Infantry mortar	81 mm Mortar	United States
82-PM-41	Mortar	82 mm Mortar	Soviet Union
M1938	Mortar	107 mm Mortar	Soviet Union
PM-43	Mortar	120 mm Mortar	Soviet Union
M1943	Mortar	160 mm Mortar	Soviet Union

Grenade launcher

Model	Type	Caliber	Variant	Origin	Notes
AGS-30	Automatic grenade launcher	30×29mm Grenade	SPL-30	Russia Vietnam	Manufactured locally as the SPL-30. Unlicensed copy. 29 round capacity.
AGS-17	Automatic grenade launcher	30×29mm Grenade	SPL-17	Soviet Union Vietnam	Standard issue. Manufactured locally at the Z125 Factory as the SPL-17.
Milkor MGL	Grenade launcher	40×46mm Grenade	MGL-VN1 (SPL-6)	South Africa Vietnam	Used by People's Army of Vietnam Special Forces. Manufactured locally as the MGL-VN1 (SPL-6) or SPL40L as it's industry name.^[55] 6 round capacity.
M79	Grenade launcher	40×46mm Grenade	M79-VN	United States Vietnam	Standard issue. Manufactured locally at the Z125 Factory as the M79-VN or SPL40 as its industry name.^[56]

Rocket-propelled Grenade (RPG) / Anti-Armor Weapon

Image	Model	Type	Caliber	Variant	Origin	Notes
Rocket-propelled Grenade (RPG)
	RPG-7V	Rocket-propelled grenade	40 mm HEAT	RPG7V-VN (SCT-7) SCT-7X	Soviet Union Vietnam	Internally codenamed B-41. Manufactured locally as RPG7V-VN or SCT-7. Codename B-41. Can be equipped with indigenous KNND-SCT7 Day-night vision sight. Able to produce ammunition for launcher at Factory Z131. SCT-7X has no rear grip, has a picatinny rail as substitute.
	M72 LAW	Anti-tank weapon	66 mm HEAT		United States
	MATADOR	Anti-armour	90 mm anti-armour		Israel	Used by Naval Infantry Force.
	RPO-A Shmel	Thermobaric rocket-propelled	93 mm FAE		Russia Vietnam	Only for chemical forces. Manufactured locally at Factory Z117.
	RPG-29	Rocket-propelled grenade	105 mm HEAT	SCT-29	Soviet Union Vietnam	Manufactured locally under the name of SCT-29 at Factory Z117 and Z125.^[57]^[58] Also known as SCT-105 or SCT-105M1. Launcher can be equipped with locally made KNN-SCT105M1 day sights. Able to produce ammunition for launcher.
	RPG-30	Rocket-propelled grenade	105 mm HEAT		Russia Vietnam	Manufactured locally at Factory Z117.^[59]
	9K111 Fagot (AT-4 Spigot)	Wire-guided SACLOS missile	120 mm HEAT		Soviet Union Vietnam	Locally manufactures an upgraded 9P135 launcher.^[60] The launcher includes a day/night sight, laser rangefinder, remote control abilities, etc.
	9M14 Malyutka (AT-3 Sagger)	Wire-guided SACLOS missile	125 mm HEAT	9M14P1-2F 9M14P1-2T CTVN-18	Soviet Union Vietnam	Manufactured locally under license from Serbia version with improved semi-automatic command to line of sight guidance. The domestic copy is known as the CTVN-18. CTVN-18 able to pierce up to 750-800 mm of RHA. Not as powerful as 9M14P1-2T, which can pierce 1,000 mm of RHA.
	9M113 Konkurs (AT-5 Spandre)	Wire-guided SACLOS missile	135 mm HEAT		Soviet Union Vietnam	The upgraded 9P135M launcher also used for the 9M133 Konkurs. The Center for Precision Mechanical Technology hints at being capable of developing critical parts of the new generation of anti-tank missile.^[60]
Recoilless Rifle
	SPG-9	Anti-tank recoilless rifle	73 mm HEAT	SPG-9-T2	Soviet Union Vietnam	Manufactured locally as SPG-9-T2 at Factory Z125.
	B-10	Anti-tank recoilless rifle	82 mm HEAT	B10VN	Soviet Union Vietnam	Manufactured locally as the DKZ82-B10 VN or B10VN for short. It's more similar to a Type 65 recoilless rifle.

Portable Surface-to-Air Weapon

Image	Model	Type	Caliber	Variant	Origin	Notes
	9K130 Igla-1	Man-portable air-defense system	72 mm	9K38 Igla 9K338 Igla-S 9K32 Strela-2 TL-01	Soviet Union Vietnam	Manufactured locally under license.^[61] The TL-01 is a domestic copy at Factory Z131. Can produce missile domestically.

Portable Anti-drone Weapon

Image	Model	Type	Caliber	Variant	Origin	Notes
	CA-18GL	Portable Anti-drone Weapon			Vietnam	CA-18GL flycam suppression device creates "artificial no-fly zone" by deceiving GPS signals, positioning, and navigation. Researched and produced by the Institute of System Integration.

Ground Vehicles

Tank

Model	Type	Variant	Quantity	Origin	Notes
T-90S	Main battle tank	T-90SK	64^[62]	Russia	The T-90SK is the commander's version.
T-54/55	Main battle tank	Type-59 T-54M/55M^[63]	440^[64] 350^[64] ~410	Soviet Union China Vietnam	Currently around 310 T-54/55 tanks undergo refits and upgrades to Vietnamese/Israeli T-54M/55M modernized program at Z153 factory. As of January 2024, 100 tanks have been upgraded to the T-54M/55M standard in stage 1. The quantity of T-54/55 have shrank down to around 440 units from 850. There are around 350 units of Type-59. Unknown if any have been upgraded or are capable of upgraded with the modernization plan. The T-54M/55M is an upgraded variant of the T-54/55 that's equipped with the TIFCS-3BU Fire Control System from Indra, new 1000 hp engine, and locally manufactured Explosive Reactive Armor. Armed with a 100 mm D-10T2S rifled cannon, 7.62 mm PKT, and 12.7 mm DShKM / NSV. Upgrade done at Factory Z153.^[65] Vietnam is now capable of domestically producing its own FCS, it's designated as the S-FCS.
T-62	Main battle tank	T-62	70^[66]	Soviet Union
Type-63	Amphibious Light tank	Type-63	150^[67]	China	Called PT-85 in local service because of its 85 mm gun, similar to the PT-76.
PT-76	Amphibious Light tank	PT-76	300^[64]	Soviet Union Vietnam	76.2 mm D-56T series rifled tank gun. Has domestic production/refurbishment line at Factory X70. Practically every component is replaced with it's local counterpart/copy. Notable mentions include FCS, laser range finder, thermals, optics, radios, track links, and a turbocharged engine. Plans to include laser range finder and thermals was likely been a prototype that was abandoned in 2022.
T-34	Medium tank	T-34	45^[68]	Soviet Union	Used only for training and coastal defense. 76.2 mm tank gun.

Infantry Fighting Vehicle (IFV)

Model	Type	Variant	Quantity	Origin	Notes
BMP-1	Infantry fighting vehicle	BMP-1	300^[69]	Soviet Union
BMP-2	Infantry fighting vehicle	BMP-2	300^[69]	Soviet Union
XCB-01	Infantry fighting vehicle		(+18)	Vietnam	The XCB-01 is a Vietnamese domestic copy and modification of the BMP-1 and BMP-2. It features domestically a produced 2A28 Grom gun with upgraded gun sights and a magazine system, FCS system, laser rangefinder, thermal sight, dual channel day/night sight, IR warning receivers, and auto deploying smoke grenades. Specs: Crew: 3 + 8 troops Weight empty/combat (respectively) in metric tons: 12.7 & 14.85 Length/Width/Height (respectively) in meter: 6.95 / 3.25 / 2.14 Ground Clearance: ≥ 370 mm Max speed on road/water/reverse (respectively) in km/h: 65 / 7 / 2 Engine (hp): 300 Info about armor composition and thickness is unknown but it may be as thick or thicker than what is equipped on the BMP-1/2. The hull is noticeably more angular compared to the BMP-1/2 and that choice may be due to ease of manufacturing. Also amphibious. Armament is the same as everything on the BMP-1, but could include up to 4 CTVN-18 (domestic Malyutka). Prototype being built at Z189 shipyard and Z125 factory. Turret made by Z189, cannon, FCS, laser warning, smoke grenades, and weapons by Z125.

Armored Personnel Carrier (APC)

Image	Model	Type	Quantity	Origin	Notes
Armored Personnel Carriers (Wheeled)
	GAZ-59037A	Wheeled armoured personnel carrier		Russia	Used in natural disaster rescue and response missions.^[70]
	BTR-40	Wheeled armoured personnel carrier	1,100^[71]	Soviet Union
	BTR-60	Wheeled armoured personnel carrier		Soviet Union	Used by both Army and Naval Marines.
	BTR-152	Wheeled armoured personnel carrier		Soviet Union	Being upgraded with new diesel engine.^[72] One is converted to an armored ambulance to support the field hospital in Bentiu, South Sudan, as a part of the UN peacekeeping mission in South Sudan.
Armored Personnel Carriers (Tracked)
	MT-LB	Armoured personnel carrier		Soviet Union	Was seen used by artillery troops preparing for the 2020 International Army Games.^[73]
	BTR-50PK	Armoured personnel carrier	280^[74]	Soviet Union
	M113	Armoured personnel carrier	200^[64]	United States	Equipped with DShK or NSVT 12.7 mm heavy machine gun and sometimes with the SPG-9. 1970s photos show M40 recoilless rifles from capture.
	M106 mortar carrier	Mortar carrier		United States	Self-propelled 107 mm mortars сaptured in the Vietnam War.
	Type 63	Armoured personnel carrier	80^[64]	China

Armored Car

Model	Type	Quantity	Origin	Notes
Dongfeng EQ2050	Military light utility vehicle		China	Used by Engineers at United Nations Interim Security Force for Abyei.^[75]
Cadillac V-100	Armoured scout car		United States	Upgraded by the Military Mechanical Engineering Institute with assistance from Z751 factory to replace old and worn out parts after Vietnam was reunified with American-made weapons replaced with Russian-based weapons.^[76]^[77] Acquired through capturing them in the Vietnam War.^[78]
BRDM-2	Armoured scout car	200^[79]	Soviet Union

Artillery

Towed Artillery

Model	Type	Variant	Origin	Notes
D-44	85 mm field gun	PTH85D44-VN18	Soviet Union Vietnam	The D-44 may be put into reserves soon as the ammunition it uses is unconventional and not standardized. The production of this ammo type will cease in the future and so will the service of the D-44. The PTH85D44-VN18 is a mobile artillery unit that contains a D-44 artillery gun mounted on a Ural-375 6x6 truck. This may just be a prototype that never went into full production.
D-30	122 mm towed howitzer	PTH122	Soviet Union Vietnam	While the current number in service is unclear, the Soviet Union provided 50 pieces of the D-30 in 1974.^[80] Some may have been taken out of service over the years. The PTH122 is domestic self-propelled artillery prototype.
M-46	130 mm field gun	Type 59 PTH130-K225B	Soviet Union China Vietnam	While the current number in service is unclear, the Soviet Union provided 519 pieces of the M-46 from 1968 - 1973.^[80] Some were most likely lost in combat or taken out of service over the years. The PTH130-K225B is domestic self-propelled artillery prototype. Efforts be made to produce projectile that extends the range from 27 km to 30 - 40 km.
D-20	152 mm towed gun-howitzer		Soviet Union	While the current number in service is unclear, the Soviet Union provided 500 pieces of the D-20 from 1966 - 1970.^[80] Some were most likely lost in combat or taken out of service over the years.

Self-propelled Artillery / Mobile Artillery

Model	Type	Variant	Quantity	Origin	Notes
2S1 Gvozdika	122 mm self-propelled artillery	PTH-01		Soviet Union Vietnam	Unlicensed copy known as PTH-01.
2S3 Akatsiya	152 mm self-propelled artillery		30^[81]	Soviet Union
K9 Thunder	155 mm self-propelled artillery		(+108)	South Korea	Vietnam is in talks with South Korea to acquire the K9 Thunder Self-propelled Howitzer to replace its aging mobile artillery fleet.^[82]

Rocket / Missile Artillery

Image	Model	Type	Variant	Quantity	Origin	Notes
	BM-21	122 mm multiple rocket launcher		350^[64]	Soviet Union Vietnam	Received modernization. Launcher can be aimed digitally along with other digitalization upgrades. Monitor displays type of ammunition selected. Can maintenance the rockets of the BM-21.
	BM-14	140 mm multiple rocket launcher	BM-14MM BM-14-17M	<100^[83]	Soviet Union	100 launchers exported from the USSR in 1965-1966 period.^[83]^[84]^[85]
	SS-1 Scud Missile Launcher	Tactical ballistic missile	(All Missiles) Scud B Scud C Scud D Hwasong-5 Hwasong-6	24^[86]	Soviet Union Vietnam	24 TEL in total. 100 Hwasong-6 missiles and many more Scud missiles. Received domestic upgrades that increased range and reduced Circular Error Probable (CEP).
Coastal Artillery
	ACCULAR	122–160 mm rocket artillery			Israel	40 km range, used for coastal defence.^[87]
	Redut-M	P-5 Pyatyorka P-15 Termit	4K44 Redut		Soviet Union	80 km range, use for coastal defence.
	VLV-01	VSM-01			Vietnam	80 - 130 km range, used for coastal defense. Apart of VCS-01 mobile coastal defense system. Based on KAMAZ-6560 8×8 truck chassis. Weighs around 40 tons and is ready to fire in 10 minutes. Can carry up to 8 canister but usual carries 4.^[88]
	EXTRA	306 mm rocket artillery		20 launchers	Israel	150 km range, used for coastal defense.^[89]
	K-300P Bastion-P	P-800 Oniks		10 launchers	Russia	120 - 300 km range, used for coastal defense. Two systems were acquired in 2011; a single system consists of 4 TEL along with radars, command, and support vehicles. Mainly used for coastal defense.^[90]

Air Defense System

Image	Model	Type	Variant	Quantity	Origin	Notes
Surface-to-Air Defense System
	S-300PMU1	Long range air defense and anti-ballistic missile system.	S-300PMU1	12 launchers	Russia Vietnam	Two systems were acquired.^[91] Received upgrade to the command center and range of the missile. Said to be upgraded to S-300PMU2 standards. Factory A31 capable of domestically manufacturing spare and critical parts for SAM missile.
	SPYDER-MR	Medium to long range air defense system.		30 launchers	Israel	80 km range. Five systems (including 6 launchers each) and 750 missiles ordered.^[92] The SPYDER-MR variant has a nonrotatable, vertical launcher. Used more as stationary air defense. Can domestically maintenance Derby and Python SAM missiles. There is a patent to reverse engineer the Derby SAM missile.^[93]
	SPYDER-SR	Short to medium range air defense system.		30 launchers	Israel	40 km range. The SPYDER-SR variant has a rotatable, slanted launcher. Can possibly be used as mobile AA due to quick deployment.
	SA-2 Dvina	Short to medium range air defense system.	S-125TM Pechora-2TM S-125M Pechora-M S-125-VT S-75M/M3 Dvina	~25 launchers	Soviet Union Vietnam	~27 - 35 km range. The Volga S-75M/M3 air defense missile complex (modern version of SAM-2) uses 5IA23 missiles and is a high-altitude air defense system. All SAM-2 complex systems have been modernized. Able to domestically produce complexes and equipment. Factory A31 capable of domestically manufacturing spare and critical parts for SAM missile. Old missiles had certain analog parts replaced with digital systems.
	S-125 Neva/Pechora	Short to medium range air defense system.	S-125TM Pechora-2TM S-125M Pechora-M S-125-VT	51 launchers	Soviet Union Vietnam	~35 km range. 30 S-125TM Pechora-2TM and 21 S-125M Pechora-M batteries as of 2024.^[94] The S-125-VT modernized variant was reported to be in service in July 2024.^[95] Factory A31 capable of domestically manufacturing spare and critical parts for SAM missile. Old missiles had certain analog parts replaced with digital systems.
	9K35 Strela-10	Short range air defense system.		20 launchers	Soviet Union	Tracked air defense system.
Anti-air Artillery
	ZSU-23-4 Shilka	Self-propelled anti-aircraft gun	ZSU-23-4M1		Soviet Union Vietnam	Modernization upgrade includes 4 Igla SAM launchers, digital fire-control system, thermal camera, day-night camera, laser range finder, electro-optic vision, improved weapon radar, replaced mechanical transmission with hydrostatic transmission, added hydraulic boosters, and significant speed improvement to turret traversal. There are more additions.
	ZU-23-2	Twin Autocannon	23mm-2M 23mm-2ML		Soviet Union Israel Vietnam	The 23mm-2M variant upgrade included cabin for gunner, electromechanic turn system, modern control systems, and potentially a ballistic computer and fire-control system. This project was jointly carried out by Israel and Vietnam. Similar to the 23mm-2M, the 23mm-2ML additionally includes optronics sensor, laser rangefinder, and potentially a digital fire-control system Further modernization projects includes installing the platform on logistic trucks and adding an automatic control system that's being developed.
	AZP S-60	Autocannon			Soviet Union Vietnam	Apart of VPK-57 project. 57 mm automatic anti-air autocannon. The Vietnamese heavily upgraded the AZP S-60 by equipping it with a fire-control system with radar, optoelectronic reconnaissance equipment, an electromechanical gun control complex, and a digital firing element identification system connected to a computer. Has an LCD screen. Controlled by X-band AESA radar integrated with fire-control system. The upgraded AZP S-60 can operate without a gunner, is fully automatic, and no longer needs to be manually reloaded.^[96]

Radar System

Image	Model	Type	Variant	Quantity	Origin	Notes
3D Radar
	VRS-3TL-1	3D L-Band Tactical Surveillance Radar			Vietnam	Surveillance, detection, tracking, narrow pencil-beam (ability to emit high precision & reduce interference concentrated radar beam), electronic scanning in elevation,^[97] and other capabilities. Detect targets flying at low altitude and short range. Produced and developed by Viettel.
	VRS-MRS	3D S-Band Medium-Range Surveillance Radar			Vietnam	This radar has AESA tech, narrow pencil-beam, electronic scanning in elevation, Look-down, Burn-through function (detect targets through interference/clutter), ECM, IFF identification, and open architecture for CS5SIR system.^[98] Can also do Surveillance, detection and tracking. Detect targets flying at medium altitude and medium range. Produced and developed by Viettel.
	VRS-SRS	3D S-Band Tactical Surveillance Radar	VRS-S54S		Vietnam	Easy assemble, dissemble, transport, and cheaper. Has all the advantages of the VRS-MRS except weather monitoring abilities.^[99] Produced and developed by Viettel.
2D Radar
	VRS-M2D-1	2D Medium-Altitude Surveillance Radar			Vietnam	2D radars are much cheaper and easier to build than 3D radars, but are less capable. Compared to 3D radars, the VRS-M2D-1 and its similar counterparts have lacking ECM abilities but still possess ECM.^[100] Air Traffic Control, provides info for command/control and air defense system. Detect targets flying at low altitude and medium range. Produced and developed by Viettel.
	VRS-2DM-1	2D Low-Altitude Surveillance Radar			Vietnam	Seamlessly integration with SAM systems along with other radar abilities^[101] and provides info for command/control and air defense system. Detect targets flying at low altitude and medium range. Produced and developed by Viettel.
	VRS-MCX	2D X-band Mobile Coastal Surveillance Radar		15	Vietnam	Apart of VCS-01 mobile coastal defense system. Based on KAMAZ-6560 8×8 truck chassis. Has range of 180 km. Used for tracking naval and low ariel targets. Designed to precisely locate and predict future moments. Cooperates well with other systems due to standard data link. Produced and developed by Viettel.
	VRS-2DM	2D UHF Radar			Soviet Union Vietnam	Based off of the Soviet Union's P19 radar. Works proficiently in low altitude and used to control/track airspace. Works in semi or automatic mode. Produced and developed by Viettel.
	Radar P18M	2D VHF Radar			Soviet Union Czech Republic Vietnam	Produced and developed based of Transfer of Technology (ToT) from Czech Republic. Specs: Frequency: VHF Range: 250 km Altitude: 35 km Azimuth: 360-degrees
	RV-02	2D Metric Band Surveillance Radar / Digital VHF Radar			Belarus Vietnam	Domestic copy of mobile Vostok-E radar system of Belarus; original system claimed to have major anti-stealth capabilities.^[102] Specs: Frequency: VHF RPM: 6 Height: 11 m Weight: 18 tons 21.6 m long antennae 28 channel, antennas, and receiver Ready in 10-15 minutes of arrival Fiber optic installation The RV-02 is the successor to the RV-01. Latest edition addressed the precursor's limitations and weak points.^[103] Produced and developed by Viettel.
	VCPV-01	Command & Processing Vehicle			Vietnam	Apart of VCS-01 mobile coastal defense system. Based on KAMAZ-5350 6×6 truck chassis. Has communications and C4SIR system to manage costal defense system. Produced and developed by Viettel.
Special Purpose Radar
	V-Elint 18 Passive Radar	Intelligent Ultra-high Frequency Electronic Reconnaissance System			Vietnam	Used for detecting air, sea, and land targets without having location compromised. Has range of hundreds of kilometer and capable of observing stealth. System includes 1 central receiving and processing system and 3 peripheral receiving station. Produced and developed by Viettel.
	VTAR-01	Target Acquisition Radar Vehicle			Vietnam	Apart of VCS-01 mobile coastal defense system. Based on KAMAZ-6560 8×8 truck chassis. Weighs nearly 40 tons. Has hydraulic mast. Ready to operate within 25 minutes of arriving. Only one radar needed to operate costal defense system but using another radar increases range. Used for tracking naval targets and transfers data of azimuth, range, speed, and direction to C4SIR system. Operates continuously and has inherit ECM. Produced and developed by Viettel.
	VRS-S55X	X-Band Fire-control Radar			Vietnam	Apart of VPK-57 project. Fire-control system integrated with X-band AESA radar. Ready to operate within 20 minutes of arriving. Produced and developed by Viettel.
Coastal Radar
	VRS-CSX-1	X-Band Medium-Range Coastal Surveillance Radar			Vietnam	Detect targets at sea and those flying at a low altitude. Produced and developed by Viettel.^[104]
	VRS-SRX	X-Band Short-Range High Resolution Coastal Surveillance Radar			Vietnam	Detect targets at sea and those flying at a low altitude. Produced and developed by Viettel.^[105]
	Coast Watcher 100				France
	SCORE-3000				France

Electronic Warfare (EW)

Model	Type	Origin	Notes
GBR-EAS	Ground Based Radar - Electronic Attack System	Spain	Passive Surveillance and Analysis. Electronic Defence: Area Protection High Value Asset Protection Self-Protection Electronic Attack: Jamming, coherent and noise based Deception Generation of false targets Collaborative techniques^[106] Brought from Indra Sistemas.
C-UAS	Ku-band 3D VRS-U3K Drone-counter Radar	Vietnam	Counter unmanned aerial systems. Produced and developed by Viettel.
V-EMP/S	Ground-Based High-power Microwave Directed Energy Weapon	Vietnam	Designed to deal with aerial systems. Produced and developed by Viettel.
VEE-LRA	Long-range Air-defense Thermal Camera & Optronic Station	Vietnam	Produced and developed by Viettel.
VCUS/C	Compact Counter-UAV System	Vietnam	EW system is mounted on a Ford pick up truck. Produced and developed by Viettel.
VCUS/E	Mobile Tactical Anti-drone Reconnaissance Complex	Vietnam	Composed of two systems. Generates high-power electronic pulses at high frequencies that has the ability to compromise electronics. Produced and developed by Viettel.
VCUS/M		Vietnam	Apart of the VCUS/E system. Produced and developed by Viettel.

Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV)

Image	Model	Type	Variant	Quantity	Origin	Notes
	IAI Heron	MALE UAV		3^[107]	Israel
	HS-6L	MALE UAV			Belarus Vietnam	Jointly developed by Vietnam's Academy of Science and Technology with Belarus; completed in 2015 around November.^[108]^[109] Specification: Range: 4,000 km (claimed) Endurance: 35 hours Wingspan: 22m
	UAV2-20	MALE UAV			Vietnam	Resembles MQ-9 Reaper drone. Certain parts painted in red.
Small UAV
	Insitu ScanEagle	Reconnaissance		6^[107]^[110]	United States
	Orbiter 2	Reconnaissance			Israel	Acquired from Israel.^[111]
	Orbiter 3	Reconnaissance	VT-Swift		Israel Vietnam	The VT-Swift is a license produced variant of the Orbiter 3 from Israel.
	VT-Patrol	Reconnaissance	VT-Pigeon		Vietnam	Specs of VT-Patrol: Range: 50 km Speed: 100 - 150 km/h Specs of VT-Pigeon: Wingspan: 3.25 m Length: 2.25 m Range: 50 - 200 km Endurance: 210 minutes Speed: 80 - 130 km/h Operational altitude (above sea level): 1 km Max altitude (above sea level): 3 km Max take-off weight: 26 kg Take-off method: Runways, catapults Landing method: Runway, net collection Engine type: Gasoline engine
	VU-R70	Reconnaissance			Vietnam	Medium-range, light weight reconnaissance UAV. Specs: Wingspan: 3.1 Length: 1.7 m Endurance: 270 minutes Speed: 120 km/h (max) Take-off method: VTOL Max take-off weight: 26 kg Payload: Optoelectronic Camera: Day/Night, laser range finder, HD resolution
	VU-50R	Reconnaissance			Vietnam	Short-range, light weight reconnaissance UAV. Specs: Wingspan: 3.2 m Length: 2.2 m Endurance: 180 minutes Speed: 120 km/h (max) Max take-off weight: 26 kg Payload: Optoelectronic Camera: Day/Night, laser range finder, HD resolution
	VU-QL1	Reconnaissance			Vietnam	Small quadcopter reconnaissance drone.
	RAV-80	Reconnaissance			Vietnam	Specs: Wingspan: 2.5 m Length: 1.3 m Height: 0.2 m Range: 80 km Endurance: 150 minutes Speed: 80 - 100 km/h (cruising), 120 km/h (max) Max altitude (above sea level): 3.5 km Max take-off weight: 15 kg Take-off method: VTOL
	HRU	Reconnaissance	HRU-13 HRU-131 HRU-132		Vietnam	Specs of HRU-13 & HRU-132: Wingspan: 2.6 m Length: 1.2 m Endurance: 90 minutes Speed: 64 - 130 km/h Max altitude (above sea level): 4 km Weight: 12 kg Max take-off weight: 14.5 kg Control mode: Automatic, manual Take-off method: Runway, VTOL Landing method: Runway Video transmission range: 50 km (mountainous), 80 km (coastal) Specs of HRU-131: Endurance: 4 hours Take-off method: Narrow runway, ships, boats Engine type: Gasoline engine, electric motor Operational features: Can carry light detectors, surveillance cams, small devices
	ARP-A-1	Reconnaissance			Vietnam	Payload of 1 - 3 kg. Classified as AI drone. Produced and developed by Viettel.
	ARP-A-2	Reconnaissance			Vietnam	Payload of 3 - 7 kg. Classified as AI drone. Produced and developed by Viettel.
	BB-01	Miniature UAV			Vietnam	Tricopter drone that's made with easily available commercial component. It's mainly used for firefighting as it's loadout is composed of two fire suppression rockets. Weighs 16 kg and can carry up to 5 kg of explosives. Demonstration shows dropping air burst bomb. Made at Factory Z113, which is known for making firefighting equipment. Factory also makes portable MRLS for putting out fires. Has built-in camera, laser rangefinder.
Training/Test UAV
	M400-CT2	Training / Test			Vietnam	Colored in bright orange. Specs: Wingspan: 3.2 m Length: 2.8 m Height: 1.1 m Endurance: 120 minutes Speed: 200 - 220 km/h (cruise), 260 km/h (max) Max altitude (above sea level): 3.5 km Max take-off weight: 110 kg (possible typo) Max Effective payload: 10 kg Operational features: Optical systems, thermal imaging, reflective lenses, infrared thermal decoys, smoke
	DIS-18	Training / Test			Vietnam	Specs: Wingspan: 2.8 Length: 3.1 m Height: 1.3 m Range: 100 km Endurance: 60 minutes Speed: 200 - 250 km/h (cruise), 360 km/h (max) Max altitude (above sea level): 5 km Max take-off weight: 102 kg Max effective payload: 5 kg Operational features: Optical systems, thermal imaging, reflective lenses, infrared thermal decoys, smoke

Loitering Munition

Model	Type	Origin	Notes
UAV-BXL.01	Loitering munition	Vietnam	Appearance resembles ZALA Lancet loitering munition. Specs: Range: 10 km Endurance: 10 minutes Speed: ≤ 100 - 120 km/h (cruising), ≤ 150 km/h (attack) Operational altitude (above ground level): 150 - 500 m Max altitude (above mean sea level): 1 km Max take-off weight: 10 kg Warhead weight: 1.2 kg CEP: ≤ 3 m Control mode: Automatic, manual Penetration: ≤ 250 mm Production year: 2024 Operational features: Automatic search, identify, lock targets, uses magnetic sensors. Produce at Factory Z131.
UAV-QXL.01	Loitering munition	Vietnam	Quadcopter loitering munition. Specs: Range: 10 km Endurance: 10 minutes Speed: ≤ 60 - 80 km/h (cruising), ≤ 100 km/h (attack) Operational altitude (above ground level): 150 - 500 m Max altitude (above mean sea level): 1 km Max take-off weight: 8 kg Warhead weight: 1.2 kg CEP: ≤ 2 m Control mode: Automatic, manual Penetration: ≤ 250 mm Production year: 2024 Produce at Factory Z131.
VU-C2	Loitering munition	Vietnam	Can be tube launched and controlled remotely. Resembles the Raytheon Coyote drone. Specs: Wingspan: 1.5 m Length: 1.1 m Endurance: 40 minutes Speed: 120 - 130 km/h Max take-off weight: 8 kg Take-off method: Canister or pneumatic launcher Produced and developed by Viettel.

Engineering / Logistic / Utility Vehicles

Image	Model	Type	Variant	Quantity	Origin	Notes
Engineering Vehicles
	BREM-1M	Armoured recovery vehicle			Russia	Based on T-90 chassis.^[112]
	TMM-3M	Armoured vehicle-launched bridge			Russia
	MS-20 Daglezja	Armoured vehicle-launched bridge		4^[113]	Poland
	Schweres Rüstfahrzeug (SRF)	Rescue vehicle			Germany
	VTIV-01	Inspection vehicle			Vietnam	Apart of VCS-01 mobile coastal defense system. Based on KAMAZ-5350 truck chassis. Utilized to check on status and health of missile, can be done with missile inside or outside of canister.
	MT-LB	Artillery reconnaissance			Soviet Union
	BTS-4	Armoured recovery vehicle			Soviet Union	Said to still be widely used and regularly maintenance.
	PTS-M	Tracked amphibious transport			Soviet Union
	GSP-55 [ru]	Self-propelled amphibious ferry		3	Soviet Union	Operated by 575th Engineer Brigade.^[114]
	PMP Floating Bridge	Pontoon bridge		≥1	Soviet Union	At least one equipped for 414th Engineer Brigade^[115]
	VSN-1500	Motor canoe			Vietnam	Equipped for engineer units as a light troop transport canoe.^[116]
	BMK-150	Motor canoe			Soviet Union	Equipped for pontoon bridge units.
	AT-L	Artillery tractor			Soviet Union
	ATS-59G	Artillery tractor			Soviet Union
	IMR-2	Armoured engineering vehicle		2	Soviet Union	Based on T-72 chassis.
	KrAZ-255	Military Excavator			Soviet Union
	PZM-2				Soviet Union
	M548	Artillery tractor			United States
	M578	Armored recovery vehicle			United States
Logistic Vehicles
	KamAZ 43118	Military Truck			Russia Vietnam	Domestically manufacture.^[117]^[118] Replacing older Ural trucks.^[119]
	KamAZ 65224	Military Truck			Russia Vietnam	Domestically manufacture.^[117]^[118] Replacing older Ural trucks.^[119]
	KamaZ-43253	Military Truck			Russia Vietnam	Domestically manufacture.^[117]^[118] Replacing older Ural trucks.^[119]
	KZKT-74281-012-chassis	Artillery tractor			Russia
	VTRV-01	Reloader vehicle			Vietnam	Apart of VCS-01 mobile coastal defense system. Based on KAMAZ-6560 8×8 truck chassis. Holds 8 spare canisters and takes less than 40 minutes to reload launcher. Uses hydraulic arm to reload.^[120]
	Isuzu F-Series	Military Truck			Japan
	Hyundai HD170	Military Truck			South Korea
	MAN HX58	Military Truck			Germany
	Renault ME160	Military Truck			France	Used by 410th Battalion, 683rd Transportation Brigade.^[121]
	Zil-130	Military truck	Zil-131 Zil-157		Soviet Union
	Gaz-66	Military Truck			Soviet Union
	Ural-375	Military Truck			Soviet Union
	Kraz-255B	Military Truck			Soviet Union
	MAZ-537	Artillery tractor			Soviet Union
Utility Vehicles
	Ford Transit	Van			GER (design) THA Vietnam (Manufacturing place)	Used by Army's communication force.^[122]
	Toyota Hilux	Pickup truck			Japan (design) THA Vietnam (Manufacturing place)	Used by Military control force.
	Toyota Innova	Light utility vehicles			Japan (design) IDN THA (Manufacturing place)	Used by Army officers.
	Mitsubishi Pajero	Utility Vehicle			Japan THA AUT (Manufacturing place)	Used by Army's communication force.^[123]
	UAZ-469	Military light utility vehicle			Soviet Union

Former

Infantry Weapon

Pistol

Image	Model	Type	Caliber	Variant	Origin	Notes
	Browning Hi-Power	Semi-automatic pistol	9×19mm Parabellum		Belgium	Stored in reserves for shooting ranges.

Sniper Rifle

Image	Model	Type	Caliber	Variant	Origin	Notes
	PSL	Designated marksman rifle	7.62×54mmR		Socialist Republic of Romania	May have been retired and replaced by IWI Galatz.

Assault Rifle

Model	Type	Caliber	Variant	Origin	Notes
AMD-65	Assault rifle	7.62×39mm		Hungarian People's Republic	Limited use. Does still seem used by People's Army of Vietnam Special Forces in 2010s
vz. 58	Assault rifle	7.62×39mm		Czechoslovakia	Limited use.^[124]
Type 63	Assault rifle	7.62×39mm		China	Used by Militia and Self-defense Forces.
Type 58	Assault rifle	7.62x39mm		North Korea	Sent as military aid by North Korea during the Vietnam War. Limited use.
SKS	Semi-automatic rifle	7.62×39mm		Soviet Union	Used by Honor Guards, Militia Forces, and Ceremonial Purposes.^{[citation needed]}
TUL-1	Light machine gun	7.62×39mm		Vietnam	Vietnamese TUL-1 light machine gun used the frame of Chinese Type 56 assault rifle but with stock of an RPK, barrel sights from an RPD and 30-round magazine used on the AK-47/Type 56, there are rare 40-round magazines. The TUL-1 body was thin, only 1 mm compared to the 1.5 mm of an RPK. It was also heavier and had an inferior rate of fire compared to the RPK. However, the firing rate and effective range of the weapon was successfully better than that of an AK-47/Type 56. The TUL-1 LMGs were manufactured between 1970–1974 and ended after Vietnam obtained production rights to the RPK itself.
M14	Battle rifle	7.62×51mm NATO		United States	Stored in reserves.
Lee-Enfield	Bolt-action rifle	.303 British	SBT7MK4	British Empire Vietnam	Limited used by Militia Forces.^[125] Modernized as the SBT7MK4, chamber in 7.62x51mm NATO.

Submachine Gun

Image	Model	Type	Caliber	Variant	Origin	Notes
	PM-63	Machine pistol/Submachine gun	9×18mm Makarov		Polish People's Republic	Used by People's Army of Vietnam Special Forces and Guard Police. Retired, may still be in reserve.
	Škorpion	Submachine gun	.32 ACP		Czechoslovak Socialist Republic	Formerly used by the North Vietnamese and Viet Cong. Potentially transferred to Militia.

Machine Gun

Model	Type	Caliber	Origin	Notes
Uk vz. 59	General-purpose machine gun	7.62×54mmR	Czechoslovakia	Used by PAVN and Viet Cong during the Vietnam War.
Type 67	General-purpose machine gun	7.62×54mmR	China	Used by PAVN and Viet Cong during the Vietnam War.
DShK	Heavy machine gun	12.7×108mm	Soviet Union Vietnam	Mounted on T-55 tanks. Currently being phased out by the NSV.

Anti-Tank Weapon / Rocket-propelled Grenade (RPG)

Recoilless Rifle
Image	Model	Type	Caliber	Variant	Origin	Notes
	B-11	Anti-tank recoilless rifle	82 mm HEAT		Soviet Union	Stored in reserves.
	M-40	Anti-tank recoilless rifle	105 mm HEAT		United States	Stored in reserves.

Artillery

Towed Artillery

Model	Type	Variant	Origin	Notes
M101	105 mm towed howitzer	M2A1 PTH-105	United States Vietnam	Received modernization. The PTH-105 is a truck mounted artillery gun prototype. The M101 artillery gun is mounted on a Ural truck. Stored in reserves and used for ceremonial purposes.
M-30^[126]	122 mm field gun		Soviet Union	While the current number is, the Soviet Union provided 450 pieces of the M-30 from 1964 - 1969.^[80] Some were most likely lost in combat or taken out of service over the years. Stored in reserves.
D-74^[127]	122 mm field gun		Soviet Union	While the current number is, the Soviet Union provided 200 pieces of the D-74 from 1970 - 1971 and China provided 100 pieces of the Type-60 (Chinese made version of D-74) in 1974.^[80] Some were most likely lost in combat or taken out of service over the years. Stored in reserves.
M114	155 mm towed howitzer		United States	Stored in reserves.

Self-propelled Artillery / Mobile Artillery

Image	Model	Type	Variant	Quantity	Origin	Notes
	ASU-85	85 mm assault gun			Soviet Union	The 2018 Military Balance reports that Vietnam is no longer an operator of the ASU-85.^[128]

Air Defense System

Image	Model	Type	Variant	Quantity	Origin	Notes
	61-K	Autocannon			Soviet Union Vietnam	Stored in reserves. 37 mm automatic anti-air autocannon. Modernized with a fire-control system and radar.

Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV)

Image	Model	Type	Variant	Quantity	Origin	Notes
	ITAD M-400	Reconnaissance			Vietnam	No longer in service. Designed in 2001 and produced in 2005. Produced and developed by Viettel.^[129]

Radar

Image	Model	Type	Variant	Quantity	Origin	Notes
Coastal Radar
	P-18 radar	2D VHF Radar			Soviet Union	May have been retired and replace by P18M radar, in reserve.

Development

This section will include weapons that are in the planning, development, or testing phase. It's important to note that not all the weapons in this particular section will progress to the point of being procured. To avoid confusion, existing weapon systems that are being modified or upgraded should have their progress recorded in the notes section and not moved to the development section.

Mortar

Image	Model	Type	Variant	Quantity	Origin	Notes
		Semi-automatic mortar	100 mm Mortar		Vietnam	Specs: Range: 6 - 10 km Fire rate (per minute): 6 - 10 Weight: 1.6 tons Built to be mounted on a vehicle. Domestically produce.

Armored Personnel Carrier (APC)

Image	Model	Type	Variant	Quantity	Origin	Notes
	XTC-02	Wheeled armoured personnel carrier			Vietnam	4x4 APC that can carry a driver, commander, and 10 other people; 12 people in total. Seems to be amphibious and might include a remote controlled weapons station.^[130]
		Wheeled armoured personnel carrier			Vietnam	Leaked photo showed a document of a proposed 8x8 APC. The APC somewhat resembles the BTR-60.

Unmanned Ariel Vehicle (UAV)

Image	Model	Type	Variant	Quantity	Origin	Notes
	VU-MALE	MALE UAV			Vietnam	Multi-purpose UAV.^[131] Specs: Range: 1,000 km Endurance: 12 hours Operational features: Carry long range weaponry, high-precision weapons, and reconnaissance equipment

Procurement

In 2006, Israel reported to the United Nations Register Organization of Conventional Arms (UNROCA) that two of its light armoured vehicles had been sold to Vietnam.^[132] A number of Israeli companies won a bid to modernize and upgrade T-54/55 tanks as well as establishing factories in the country. Israel's program includes upgrading armor, night vision system and a fire control system upgrade (produced in Poland). In May 2002, Vietnam and Ukraine reached an agreement of military technical co-operation which extended to 2005. Accordingly, Ukraine will support Vietnam primarily to upgrade its armor and artillery, and improve weapons co-production and repair facilities.^[132] In February 2005, the Ministry of Defence of Finland ceded to Vietnam about 70 T-54 and T-55 tanks from the Soviet era. In early March 2005, Poland signed a contract to sell to Vietnam 150 T-72 tanks which would have been used to support training, ammunition, equipment maintenance, and repair, but this contract was cancelled in 2006 because Vietnam wanted to focus more on its Navy and Air Force.^[132] In addition to upgrading tanks, the Ministry of Defence of Vietnam signed a military co-operation agreement with Russia. The Vietnamese have also developed the capacity to produce their own equipment and repair existing equipment.

References

^ "Tạp chí Bộ Ngoại giao Trung Quốc đánh giá về chiến lược và sức mạnh quân sự của Việt Nam" (in Vietnamese). VNTime. 24 August 2011. Archived from the original on 25 September 2011. Retrieved 25 April 2016.
^ Sergei Blagov (5 September 2003). "Russian missiles to guard skies over Vietnam". Asia Times. Archived from the original on 7 September 2003. Retrieved 27 June 2015.
^ Parameswaran, Prashanth. "Japan-Vietnam Defense Relations in the Indo-Pacific Spotlight". The Diplomat. Retrieved 2 April 2019.
^ Wendell Minnick (31 August 2015). "Vietnam Pushes Modernization as China Challenge Grows". Defense News. Retrieved 25 April 2016.
^ Half a century of branding of Z176
^ Vietnamese special forces catch up with the world's leading bulletproof helmet trend
^ "Mũ chống đạn của Quân đội Việt Nam chịu được đạn 9mm". netnews.vn. Archived from the original on 16 April 2019. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
^ "Tìm hiểu các loại mũ sắt, mũ chống đạn của QĐNDVN". soha.vn (in Vietnamese). 5 July 2014. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
^ "200 thiết bị quân sự Việt Nam sản xuất được giới thiệu ở Army Games 2021". www.qdnd.vn.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Vnexpress. "200 thiết bị quân sự Việt Nam sản xuất được giới thiệu ở Army Games". vnexpress.net.
^ "Cận cảnh áo giáp chống đạn 'Made in Việt Nam': đạt cấp III+ theo tiêu chuẩn Mỹ, chống đạn AK-47 ở khoảng cách 15m". genk.vn. 3 September 2018. Retrieved 1 February 2021.
^ "Việt Nam tự chủ sản xuất xe thiết giáp quân sự". comcom24.net. Archived from the original on 18 May 2021. Retrieved 18 May 2021.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
^ ^a ^b "Việt Nam chính thức lựa chọn trang bị quân phục dã chiến K20 mới - BAOMOI.COM". m.baomoi.com. Retrieved 17 February 2021.
^ VCCorp.vn (7 December 2018). "Áo giáp và ba lô thế hệ mới của Đặc công Việt Nam: Rất độc đáo". soha.vn (in Vietnamese). Retrieved 10 September 2021.
^ "Tìm hiểu về quân phục ngụy trang của quân đội Việt Nam (phần 2)". Tin tức Việt Nam – Cập nhật tin tức trong nước hôm nay (in Vietnamese). 4 March 2018. Retrieved 16 April 2019 – via tintucvietnam.vn.
^ "Baomoi". baomoi.com. Retrieved 17 April 2019.
^ "[ẢNH] Quân phục ngụy trang "kỹ thuật số" của Việt Nam có những ưu điểm nào?". Báo điện tử An Ninh Thủ Đô. 7 July 2018. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
^ "Ảnh: Quân phục dã chiến mới của QĐND Việt Nam". Kienthuc.net.vn. 16 November 2017. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
^ Thời sự Quốc phòng ngày 22/2/2021: Quân đội đảm bảo quân trang cho chiến sĩ mới, retrieved 24 February 2021
^ "Thủ tướng Phạm Minh Chính dự, theo dõi diễn tập của Quân đoàn 12". www.qdnd.vn. Retrieved 23 December 2023.
^ "Việt Nam nâng cấp súng AK để gắn kính ngắm hiện đại - Tạp chí Doanh nghiệp Việt Nam". Tạp chí Doanh nghiệp Việt Nam. 21 November 2019. Retrieved 27 February 2024.
^ "AARM-30: Đoàn xạ thủ của Quân đội nhân dân Việt Nam xuất sắc giành vị trí nhất bảng". VietNamNet News. Retrieved 27 February 2024.
^ "Chiến sĩ QĐND VN được trang bị kính nhìn xuyên đêm". ZingNews.vn. 5 October 2013.
^ "Trung Quốc 'choáng': CSCĐ Việt Nam dùng 'Súng bẻ góc' Israel". baodatviet.vn. Archived from the original on 29 August 2018. Retrieved 2 April 2019.
^ "Ngạc nhiên vũ khí tối tân đến không ngờ của Đặc công VN". Kienthuc.net.vn. 13 December 2018. Retrieved 2 April 2019.
^ ^a ^b "Trang bị súng phóng lựu thế hệ mới T40 cho Galil ACE?". baodatviet.vn. Archived from the original on 6 August 2019. Retrieved 2 April 2019.
^ "Ngạc nhiên vũ khí tối tân đến không ngờ của Đặc công VN". Kienthuc.net.vn. 13 December 2018. Retrieved 2 April 2019.
^ "Việt Nam sản xuất súng ngắn Jericho 941". datviet.trithuccuocsong.vn. Archived from the original on 5 February 2021. Retrieved 31 January 2021.
^ "Bên trong nhà máy sản xuất 25.000 khẩu Galil một năm của Việt Nam | Quán bia ComCom" (in Vietnamese). Archived from the original on 26 February 2021. Retrieved 31 January 2021.
^ tienphong.vn (10 June 2016). "Mẫu súng ngắn hiện đại nhất mà Công an Việt Nam sở hữu". baonghean.vn (in Indonesian). Retrieved 26 March 2023.
^ ^a ^b "Quân đội Nhân dân Việt Nam được trang bị những loại súng ngắn nào". soha.vn (in Vietnamese). 12 October 2014. Retrieved 1 April 2019.
^ "Sức mạnh dàn súng Việt Nam tự sản xuất". baodatviet.vn. Retrieved 1 April 2019.^{[permanent dead link‍]}
^ "K14-VN Pistol". Modern Firearms. 19 December 2015. Retrieved 1 April 2019.
^ "STV-380 and STV-215 - New Service Rifles of Vietnamese Army -". The Firearm Blog. 17 July 2020. Retrieved 31 January 2021.
^ "A Look Into Vietnamese Firearms Manufacturing in Z111 Factory -". The Firearm Blog. 20 October 2020. Retrieved 31 January 2021.
^ ^a ^b Yuval Azulai (18 July 2012). "Israel's defense industry targets Vietnam". Globes. Retrieved 25 April 2016.
^ ^a ^b Jon Grevatt (3 February 2014). "Israel Weapon Industries to begin assault rifle production in Vietnam". IHS Jane's 360. Archived from the original on 7 March 2014. Retrieved 25 April 2016.
^ tử, Báo Nghệ An điện (16 January 2019). "Việt Nam cung cấp súng trường Galil cho Lào". Báo Nghệ An điện tử (in Vietnamese). Retrieved 24 March 2024.
^ ""Lính mới" Hải quân Việt Nam luyện bắn súng AK". kienthuc.net.vn. 1 November 2013.
^ "Vietnam has upgraded Kalashnikov AKM under the name STL-1A | weapons defence industry military technology UK | analysis focus army defence military industry army". www.armyrecognition.com. Retrieved 1 April 2019.
^ "Việt Nam "cải lão hoàn đồng" súng trường AK-47 huyền thoại như thế nào?". 11 July 2020.
^ "Việt Nam nâng cấp thành công súng trường M16 - DVO - Báo Đất Việt". datviet.trithuccuocsong.vn. Archived from the original on 13 September 2021.
^ "[Indo Defense 2018] Vietnamese Small Arms Part One: Lee Enfield's, M79's, and Bizon's -". The Firearm Blog. 29 November 2018. Retrieved 1 April 2019.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d "Vietnam Begins Manufacture of 12.7mm KSVK, Expands Capabilities -". The Firearm Blog. 17 August 2017. Retrieved 2 April 2019.
^ "Khẩu súng shotgun liên thanh cực kỳ độc đáo của Quân đội Việt Nam". 2 February 2021.
^ "Vietnam Begins Manufacture of 12.7mm KSVK, Expands Capabilities -". The Firearm Blog. 17 August 2017. Retrieved 7 February 2021.
^ Administrator (22 January 2018). "Vietnam to start production of Russian OSV-96 anti-materiel rifle | January 2018 Global Defense Security army news industry | Defense Security global news industry army 2018 | Archive News year". Army Recognition. Retrieved 24 March 2024.
^ "Triển lãm Quốc phòng quốc tế Việt Nam 2022". People's Army Newspaper (in Vietnamese). Retrieved 24 March 2024. Súng bắn tỉa 12,7mm SBT12M1.
^ "E-RAPORT MSPO 3/2016 - Nowości i eksportowe sukcesy Tarnowa - Altair Agencja Lotnicza".
^ "Mổ xẻ' biến thể mới nhất súng máy FN Minimi Việt Nam" (in Vietnamese). Kiến Thức. 28 November 2013. Retrieved 29 November 2013.
^ baonghean.vn (16 November 2017). "Vũ khí 'khủng' của đội tuyển bắn súng quân dụng Việt Nam". baonghean.vn (in Vietnamese). Retrieved 11 September 2024.
^ "Sức mạnh T-54/55 Việt Nam tăng đáng kể" (in Vietnamese). Báo Đất Việt. 13 March 2012. Archived from the original on 15 March 2012. Retrieved 25 April 2016.
^ "Nhà máy Z111: Cái nôi sản xuất súng cho QĐ Việt Nam". soha.vn (in Vietnamese). 10 September 2016. Retrieved 2 April 2019.
^ "Súng cối và đạn cối triệt âm 50 mm Việt Nam có gì đặc biệt?". soha.vn (in Vietnamese). 16 November 2017. Retrieved 15 June 2019.
^ "Việt Nam chế tạo súng phóng lựu tự động" (in Vietnamese). Báo Đất Việt. 29 January 2012. Archived from the original on 6 March 2012. Retrieved 25 April 2016.
^ "Việt Nam sửa chữa súng phóng lựu Mỹ" (in Vietnamese). Báo Đất Việt. 8 December 2012. Archived from the original on 3 November 2012. Retrieved 29 April 2014.
^ "Giải mã vũ khí chống tăng "vặn cổ" được Type 99 của Việt Nam". trithuccuocsong.vn. 17 September 2018.
^ "Việt Nam bất ngờ sản xuất thành công 'hỏa thần diệt tăng' RPG-29".
^ "Súng chống tăng RPG-30 Kryuk do Việt Nam chế tạo khiến Nga bất ngờ". Báo điện tử An ninh Thủ đô (in Vietnamese). 28 December 2021. Retrieved 16 December 2024.
^ ^a ^b "Trung tâm Công nghệ cơ khí chính xác: "Bà đỡ" đề tài khoa học". www.qdnd.vn (in Vietnamese). Retrieved 26 September 2024.
^ Small Arms Survey (2004). Oxford University Press. 2004. p. 81.
^ "Vietnam Orders Russian T-90 Tanks". www.defenseworld.net. Retrieved 19 March 2021.
^ Giusti, Arturo (25 September 2021). "T-54M3 and T-55M3". Tank Encyclopedia. Retrieved 29 August 2024.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f "Vietnam Army Equipment". Global Security. Retrieved 25 April 2016.
^ Giusti, Arturo (25 September 2021). "T-54M3 and T-55M3". Tank Encyclopedia. Retrieved 29 December 2024.
^ "Chapter One: Defence and military analysis". The Military Balance. 117 (1): 7–18. January 2017. doi:10.1080/04597222.2017.1271206. ISSN 0459-7222. S2CID 219622408.
^ "Essay: International Terrorism". The Military Balance. 104 (1): 378–385. January 2004. doi:10.1080/725292364. ISSN 0459-7222. S2CID 219623724.
^ "Central and South Asia". The Military Balance. 104 (1): 309–317. January 2004. doi:10.1080/725292372. ISSN 0459-7222. S2CID 219627990.
^ "Chapter Seven: Middle East and North Africa". The Military Balance. 114 (1): 297–354. January 2014. doi:10.1080/04597222.2014.871884. ISSN 0459-7222. S2CID 219623759.
^ "Mơ thành thật: Việt Nam đã nhận xe thiết giáp BTR-80 phiên bản đặc biệt!". 22 December 2016.
^ "The Military Balance 2024, p. 324". IISS. Retrieved 30 August 2024.
^ "Lực lượng vũ trang tỉnh: Bảo đảm tốt công tác kỹ thuật đáp ứng yêu cầu hoạt động". Báo Hoà Bình. 22 May 2023. Retrieved 12 December 2023.
^ "Hóa ra Việt Nam có sử hữu xe thiết giáp MT-LB thiết kế cực độc". kienthuc.net. 27 June 2020. Retrieved 21 January 2023.
^ "Vietnamese Army developed BTR-152 armored vehicle medevac variant | April 2018 Global Defense Security army news industry | Defense Security global news industry army 2018 | Archive News year". www.armyrecognition.com. 30 April 2018.
^ Bỗng dưng Quân đội Việt Nam mua xe thiết giáp Trung Quốc - Ô, có sợ bị bắt bài không, 22 October 2021, retrieved 25 October 2021
^ "Việt Nam đã cải tiến xe thiết giáp Commando V-100 ra sao?".
^ "Việt Nam có nên tái biên chế thiết giáp V-100 Commando?". 14 June 2017.
^ "Điểm qua một số chương trình nâng cấp vũ khí nổi bật của VN (P3)". 19 July 2014.
^ "Caribbean and Latin America". The Military Balance. 105 (1): 315–358. January 2005. doi:10.1080/04597220500387670. ISSN 0459-7222. S2CID 161596649.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e "SIPRI Arms Transfers Database | SIPRI".
^ "SIPRI arms transfer database". Stockholm International Peace Research Institute. 6 November 2013. Retrieved 6 November 2013.
^ "Vietnam outlines intent to procure K9 howitzer". Default. 24 April 2024. Retrieved 28 August 2024.
^ ^a ^b "Trade Registers". armstrade.sipri.org. Retrieved 19 August 2022.
^ "Развитие отечественных РСЗО. Часть 4. Час испытаний" (in Russian). Альтернативная История. 28 May 2022. Archived from the original on 1 June 2022. Retrieved 1 June 2022.
^ "Sức mạnh pháo phản lực có cỡ nòng lớn nhất Việt Nam" (in Vietnamese). Kiến Thức. 20 August 2018. Retrieved 1 June 2022.
^ Brianna Starosciak (5 January 2012). "Worldwide Ballistic Missile Inventories (See Vietnam)". Arms Control Association; Missile Defense Agency; US Department of Defense; Congressional Research Service; National Air and Space Intelligence Center; US Department of State; Federation of American Scientists. Arms Control Association. Retrieved 27 June 2015.
^ "VietDefense". Retrieved 3 October 2020 – via Facebook.
^ Arthur, Gordon (22 December 2024). "Vietnam unveils new VCS-01 mobile coastal defence system". Naval News. Retrieved 23 December 2024.
^ Israel has delivered 20 EXTRA surface-to-surface guided rockets to Vietnam for coastal defence – Armyrecognition.com, 26 February 2016
^ Gady, Franz-Stefan. "Vietnam Deploys Precision-Guided Rocket Artillery in South China Sea". thediplomat.com. Retrieved 31 August 2024.
^ "Russian missiles to guard skies over Vietnam". atimes.com. Archived from the original on 30 June 2012. Retrieved 4 May 2015.
^ "Trade Registers". armstrade.sipri.org. Retrieved 5 July 2021.
^ "WIPO Publish". wipopublish.ipvietnam.gov.vn. Retrieved 17 December 2024.
^ "The Military Balance 2024, p. 326". IISS. Retrieved 30 August 2024.
^ "Hội thao, diễn tập chiến thuật phân đội hỏa lực tên lửa phòng không". qdnd.vn (in Vietnamese). Retrieved 30 August 2024.
^ hợp), Phong Vũ (Tổng (6 September 2019). "Báo Nga bình luận về pháo phòng không S-60 AZP Việt Nam tự nâng cấp - Tạp chí Doanh nghiệp Việt Nam". Cơ quan ngôn luận của Hiệp hội Doanh nghiệp Khoa học và Công nghệ Việt Nam (in Vietnamese). Retrieved 30 August 2024.
^ "3D L-Band Tactical Surveillance Radar". viettelhightech.vn. Retrieved 31 August 2024.
^ "3D S-Band Medium-Range Surveillance Radar". viettelhightech.vn. Retrieved 31 August 2024.
^ "3D S-Band Tactical Surveillance Radar". viettelhightech.vn. Retrieved 31 August 2024.
^ "Medium-Altitute Surveillance Radar". viettelhightech.vn. Retrieved 31 August 2024.
^ "Low-Altitude Surveillance Radar". viettelhightech.vn. Retrieved 31 August 2024.
^ "Russian / Soviet Weapon Systems / Regional Proliferation of Russian Weapons". www.ausairpower.net. Retrieved 23 December 2024.
^ Nurw (19 January 2018). "Anti-Stealth Radar RV-02 Vietnam is Stronger than Imports". Defense Studies. Retrieved 23 December 2024.
^ "Medium-Range Coastal Surveillance Radar". viettelhightech.vn. Retrieved 31 August 2024.
^ "Short-Range High Resolution Surveillance Radar". viettelhightech.vn. Retrieved 31 August 2024.
^ "Ground Based Radar EA Systems" (PDF). 2020.
^ ^a ^b Quân đội Việt Nam sắp nhận 334 UAV của Israel – Tưởng dừng hợp đồng, ai ngờ... vui quá, 17 March 2021, retrieved 15 September 2021
^ "Beyond ISR: is Vietnam developing an armed UAV?". IISS. Retrieved 21 October 2024.
^ Oryx. "Red Star Rising - Vietnam's Armed Drone Projects". Oryx. Retrieved 31 August 2024.
^ Yeo, Mike (6 June 2019). "These US partners in the Asia-Pacific are to receive ScanEagle drones". Defense News. Retrieved 11 June 2019.
^ Egozi2014-09-29T15:15:08+01:00, Arie. "Vietnam acquires unmanned Orbiter 2". Flight Global. Retrieved 16 September 2021.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
^ "Tăng T-90S Việt Nam sẽ có cận vệ BREM-1M đi kèm". BÁO ĐẤT VIỆT. Archived from the original on 25 February 2020. Retrieved 26 February 2020.
^ Vietnamese army gets Polish mechanized bridges MS-20 Daglezja Archived 26 August 2021 at the Wayback Machine Army Recognition
^ "Đoàn cán bộ, học viên Học viện Quốc phòng thăm và làm việc tại Lữ đoàn Công binh 575 (Quân khu 1)". Vietnam People's Army Newspaper. 13 July 2011. Retrieved 3 November 2023.
^ "Lữ đoàn Công binh 414 (Quân khu 4): Coi trọng thực hành, gắn với thực tế". People's Army Newspaper (Vietnam). 18 April 2023. Retrieved 1 November 2023.
^ "Giá liên kết máy đẩy với thuyền vượt sông nhẹ". Vietnam People's Army Newspaper. 7 October 2017. Retrieved 3 November 2023.
^ ^a ^b ^c office_zzam (11 January 2018). "Russia and Vietnam agreement to manufacture Kamaz & UAZ trucks". armyrecognition.com. Retrieved 25 December 2024.
^ ^a ^b ^c "Kamaz plans to start serial assembly of trucks in Vietnam in 2020". TASS. Retrieved 25 December 2024.
^ ^a ^b ^c "Việt Nam nhận loạt "ngựa thồ siêu khỏe" từ Nga". 9 November 2019. Archived from the original on 4 December 2020. Retrieved 10 November 2019.
^ Arthur, Gordon (22 December 2024). "Vietnam unveils new VCS-01 mobile coastal defence system". Naval News. Retrieved 23 December 2024.
^ "Thực hiện Nghị quyết 847 của Quân ủy Trung ương ở Tổng cục Hậu cần: Cách làm sáng tạo, hiệu quả thiết thực". Báo quân đội nhân dân. 29 August 2022. Retrieved 29 August 2022.
^ "Bảo đảm thông tin liên lạc kịp thời, chính xác, bí mật, an toàn". 28 June 2019.
^ "Vươn lên làm chủ công nghệ, bảo đảm thông tin liên lạc trong tình hình mới". 17 July 2020.
^ "Việt Nam mua nhiều vũ khí từ CH Czech". BBC News (in Vietnamese). 23 July 2014. Retrieved 25 April 2016.
^ "[ẢNH] Bất ngờ, Việt Nam sản xuất khẩu súng trường nổi tiếng của Anh quốc". 8 November 2018.
^ "Ngạc nhiên: Pháo M-30 vẫn trực chiến trong QĐND Việt Nam". kienthuc.net.vn. 10 December 2016.
^ Tisstore (14 October 2015). "Buổi bắn thử nghiệm 3 loại đạn pháo cấp chiến dịch do Việt Nam tự nghiên cứu sản xuất" – via YouTube.
^ office_zzam (19 September 2019). "Vietnam upgrades Soviet-made weapon systems". armyrecognition.com. Retrieved 30 August 2024.
^ "Báo Anh hé mở thông tin về UAV hiện đại của Việt Nam". trithuccuocsong.vn. 12 November 2018.
^ office_zzam (23 August 2022). "Vietnam army unveils new indigenous XTC-02 amphibious 4x4 APC". armyrecognition.com. Retrieved 8 September 2024.
^ "Báo VietnamNet". VietNamNet News (in Vietnamese). Retrieved 23 December 2024.
^ ^a ^b ^c Carlyle A. Thayer (30 April 2009). "Vietnam People's Army: Development and Modernization". Sultan Haji Bolkiah Institute of Defence and Strategic Studies, Ministry of Defence, Bolkiah Garrison, Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei Darussalam. Cite Seer X, National Science Foundation (NSF): 10/41. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.401.6314.

[:7-1] "Tạp chí Bộ Ngoại giao Trung Quốc đánh giá về chiến lược và sức mạnh quân sự của Việt Nam" (in Vietnamese). VNTime. 24 August 2011. Archived from the original on 25 September 2011. Retrieved 25 April 2016.

[:8-2] Sergei Blagov (5 September 2003). "Russian missiles to guard skies over Vietnam". Asia Times. Archived from the original on 7 September 2003. Retrieved 27 June 2015.

[:9-3] Parameswaran, Prashanth. "Japan-Vietnam Defense Relations in the Indo-Pacific Spotlight". The Diplomat. Retrieved 2 April 2019.

[4] Wendell Minnick (31 August 2015). "Vietnam Pushes Modernization as China Challenge Grows". Defense News. Retrieved 25 April 2016.

[branding-5] Half a century of branding of Z176

[:10-6] Vietnamese special forces catch up with the world's leading bulletproof helmet trend

[:11-7] "Mũ chống đạn của Quân đội Việt Nam chịu được đạn 9mm". netnews.vn. Archived from the original on 16 April 2019. Retrieved 16 April 2019.

[:13-8] "Tìm hiểu các loại mũ sắt, mũ chống đạn của QĐNDVN". soha.vn (in Vietnamese). 5 July 2014. Retrieved 16 April 2019.

[:14-9] "200 thiết bị quân sự Việt Nam sản xuất được giới thiệu ở Army Games 2021". www.qdnd.vn.

[vnexpress1-10] Vnexpress. "200 thiết bị quân sự Việt Nam sản xuất được giới thiệu ở Army Games". vnexpress.net.

[11] "Cận cảnh áo giáp chống đạn 'Made in Việt Nam': đạt cấp III+ theo tiêu chuẩn Mỹ, chống đạn AK-47 ở khoảng cách 15m". genk.vn. 3 September 2018. Retrieved 1 February 2021.

[12] "Việt Nam tự chủ sản xuất xe thiết giáp quân sự". comcom24.net. Archived from the original on 18 May 2021. Retrieved 18 May 2021.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)

[:6-13] "Việt Nam chính thức lựa chọn trang bị quân phục dã chiến K20 mới - BAOMOI.COM". m.baomoi.com. Retrieved 17 February 2021.

[14] VCCorp.vn (7 December 2018). "Áo giáp và ba lô thế hệ mới của Đặc công Việt Nam: Rất độc đáo". soha.vn (in Vietnamese). Retrieved 10 September 2021.

[:3-15] "Tìm hiểu về quân phục ngụy trang của quân đội Việt Nam (phần 2)". Tin tức Việt Nam – Cập nhật tin tức trong nước hôm nay (in Vietnamese). 4 March 2018. Retrieved 16 April 2019 – via tintucvietnam.vn.

[:4-16] "Baomoi". baomoi.com. Retrieved 17 April 2019.

[17] "[ẢNH] Quân phục ngụy trang "kỹ thuật số" của Việt Nam có những ưu điểm nào?". Báo điện tử An Ninh Thủ Đô. 7 July 2018. Retrieved 16 April 2019.

[18] "Ảnh: Quân phục dã chiến mới của QĐND Việt Nam". Kienthuc.net.vn. 16 November 2017. Retrieved 16 April 2019.

[19] Thời sự Quốc phòng ngày 22/2/2021: Quân đội đảm bảo quân trang cho chiến sĩ mới, retrieved 24 February 2021

[20] "Thủ tướng Phạm Minh Chính dự, theo dõi diễn tập của Quân đoàn 12". www.qdnd.vn. Retrieved 23 December 2023.

[21] "Việt Nam nâng cấp súng AK để gắn kính ngắm hiện đại - Tạp chí Doanh nghiệp Việt Nam". Tạp chí Doanh nghiệp Việt Nam. 21 November 2019. Retrieved 27 February 2024.

[22] "AARM-30: Đoàn xạ thủ của Quân đội nhân dân Việt Nam xuất sắc giành vị trí nhất bảng". VietNamNet News. Retrieved 27 February 2024.

[23] "Chiến sĩ QĐND VN được trang bị kính nhìn xuyên đêm". ZingNews.vn. 5 October 2013.

[24] "Trung Quốc 'choáng': CSCĐ Việt Nam dùng 'Súng bẻ góc' Israel". baodatviet.vn. Archived from the original on 29 August 2018. Retrieved 2 April 2019.

[kienthuc2-25] "Ngạc nhiên vũ khí tối tân đến không ngờ của Đặc công VN". Kienthuc.net.vn. 13 December 2018. Retrieved 2 April 2019.

[:1-26] "Trang bị súng phóng lựu thế hệ mới T40 cho Galil ACE?". baodatviet.vn. Archived from the original on 6 August 2019. Retrieved 2 April 2019.

[kienthuc-27] "Ngạc nhiên vũ khí tối tân đến không ngờ của Đặc công VN". Kienthuc.net.vn. 13 December 2018. Retrieved 2 April 2019.

[28] "Việt Nam sản xuất súng ngắn Jericho 941". datviet.trithuccuocsong.vn. Archived from the original on 5 February 2021. Retrieved 31 January 2021.

[29] "Bên trong nhà máy sản xuất 25.000 khẩu Galil một năm của Việt Nam | Quán bia ComCom" (in Vietnamese). Archived from the original on 26 February 2021. Retrieved 31 January 2021.

[30] tienphong.vn (10 June 2016). "Mẫu súng ngắn hiện đại nhất mà Công an Việt Nam sở hữu". baonghean.vn (in Indonesian). Retrieved 26 March 2023.

[:0-31] "Quân đội Nhân dân Việt Nam được trang bị những loại súng ngắn nào". soha.vn (in Vietnamese). 12 October 2014. Retrieved 1 April 2019.

[32] "Sức mạnh dàn súng Việt Nam tự sản xuất". baodatviet.vn. Retrieved 1 April 2019.^{[permanent dead link‍]}

[33] "K14-VN Pistol". Modern Firearms. 19 December 2015. Retrieved 1 April 2019.

[34] "STV-380 and STV-215 - New Service Rifles of Vietnamese Army -". The Firearm Blog. 17 July 2020. Retrieved 31 January 2021.

[35] "A Look Into Vietnamese Firearms Manufacturing in Z111 Factory -". The Firearm Blog. 20 October 2020. Retrieved 31 January 2021.

[targets_vietnam-36] Yuval Azulai (18 July 2012). "Israel's defense industry targets Vietnam". Globes. Retrieved 25 April 2016.

[israel_arms-37] Jon Grevatt (3 February 2014). "Israel Weapon Industries to begin assault rifle production in Vietnam". IHS Jane's 360. Archived from the original on 7 March 2014. Retrieved 25 April 2016.

[38] tử, Báo Nghệ An điện (16 January 2019). "Việt Nam cung cấp súng trường Galil cho Lào". Báo Nghệ An điện tử (in Vietnamese). Retrieved 24 March 2024.

[39] ""Lính mới" Hải quân Việt Nam luyện bắn súng AK". kienthuc.net.vn. 1 November 2013.

[:5-40] "Vietnam has upgraded Kalashnikov AKM under the name STL-1A | weapons defence industry military technology UK | analysis focus army defence military industry army". www.armyrecognition.com. Retrieved 1 April 2019.

[41] "Việt Nam "cải lão hoàn đồng" súng trường AK-47 huyền thoại như thế nào?". 11 July 2020.

[42] "Việt Nam nâng cấp thành công súng trường M16 - DVO - Báo Đất Việt". datviet.trithuccuocsong.vn. Archived from the original on 13 September 2021.

[43] "[Indo Defense 2018] Vietnamese Small Arms Part One: Lee Enfield's, M79's, and Bizon's -". The Firearm Blog. 29 November 2018. Retrieved 1 April 2019.

[:2-44] "Vietnam Begins Manufacture of 12.7mm KSVK, Expands Capabilities -". The Firearm Blog. 17 August 2017. Retrieved 2 April 2019.

[45] "Khẩu súng shotgun liên thanh cực kỳ độc đáo của Quân đội Việt Nam". 2 February 2021.

[46] "Vietnam Begins Manufacture of 12.7mm KSVK, Expands Capabilities -". The Firearm Blog. 17 August 2017. Retrieved 7 February 2021.

[47] Administrator (22 January 2018). "Vietnam to start production of Russian OSV-96 anti-materiel rifle | January 2018 Global Defense Security army news industry | Defense Security global news industry army 2018 | Archive News year". Army Recognition. Retrieved 24 March 2024.

[48] "Triển lãm Quốc phòng quốc tế Việt Nam 2022". People's Army Newspaper (in Vietnamese). Retrieved 24 March 2024. Súng bắn tỉa 12,7mm SBT12M1.

[49] "E-RAPORT MSPO 3/2016 - Nowości i eksportowe sukcesy Tarnowa - Altair Agencja Lotnicza".

[50] "Mổ xẻ' biến thể mới nhất súng máy FN Minimi Việt Nam" (in Vietnamese). Kiến Thức. 28 November 2013. Retrieved 29 November 2013.

[51] .vn (16 November 2017). "Vũ khí 'khủng' của đội tuyển bắn súng quân dụng Việt Nam". baonghean.vn (in Vietnamese). Retrieved 11 September 2024.

[52] "Sức mạnh T-54/55 Việt Nam tăng đáng kể" (in Vietnamese). Báo Đất Việt. 13 March 2012. Archived from the original on 15 March 2012. Retrieved 25 April 2016.

[53] "Nhà máy Z111: Cái nôi sản xuất súng cho QĐ Việt Nam". soha.vn (in Vietnamese). 10 September 2016. Retrieved 2 April 2019.

[54] "Súng cối và đạn cối triệt âm 50 mm Việt Nam có gì đặc biệt?". soha.vn (in Vietnamese). 16 November 2017. Retrieved 15 June 2019.

[55] "Việt Nam chế tạo súng phóng lựu tự động" (in Vietnamese). Báo Đất Việt. 29 January 2012. Archived from the original on 6 March 2012. Retrieved 25 April 2016.

[56] "Việt Nam sửa chữa súng phóng lựu Mỹ" (in Vietnamese). Báo Đất Việt. 8 December 2012. Archived from the original on 3 November 2012. Retrieved 29 April 2014.

[57] "Giải mã vũ khí chống tăng "vặn cổ" được Type 99 của Việt Nam". trithuccuocsong.vn. 17 September 2018.

[58] "Việt Nam bất ngờ sản xuất thành công 'hỏa thần diệt tăng' RPG-29".

[59] "Súng chống tăng RPG-30 Kryuk do Việt Nam chế tạo khiến Nga bất ngờ". Báo điện tử An ninh Thủ đô (in Vietnamese). 28 December 2021. Retrieved 16 December 2024.

[:15-60] "Trung tâm Công nghệ cơ khí chính xác: "Bà đỡ" đề tài khoa học". www.qdnd.vn (in Vietnamese). Retrieved 26 September 2024.

[61] Small Arms Survey (2004). Oxford University Press. 2004. p. 81.

[62] "Vietnam Orders Russian T-90 Tanks". www.defenseworld.net. Retrieved 19 March 2021.

[63] Giusti, Arturo (25 September 2021). "T-54M3 and T-55M3". Tank Encyclopedia. Retrieved 29 August 2024.

[vae-64] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f "Vietnam Army Equipment". Global Security. Retrieved 25 April 2016.

[65] Giusti, Arturo (25 September 2021). "T-54M3 and T-55M3". Tank Encyclopedia. Retrieved 29 December 2024.

[66] "Chapter One: Defence and military analysis". The Military Balance. 117 (1): 7–18. January 2017. doi:10.1080/04597222.2017.1271206. ISSN 0459-7222. S2CID 219622408.

[67] "Essay: International Terrorism". The Military Balance. 104 (1): 378–385. January 2004. doi:10.1080/725292364. ISSN 0459-7222. S2CID 219623724.

[68] "Central and South Asia". The Military Balance. 104 (1): 309–317. January 2004. doi:10.1080/725292372. ISSN 0459-7222. S2CID 219627990.

[69] "Chapter Seven: Middle East and North Africa". The Military Balance. 114 (1): 297–354. January 2014. doi:10.1080/04597222.2014.871884. ISSN 0459-7222. S2CID 219623759.

[70] "Mơ thành thật: Việt Nam đã nhận xe thiết giáp BTR-80 phiên bản đặc biệt!". 22 December 2016.

[71] "The Military Balance 2024, p. 324". IISS. Retrieved 30 August 2024.

[72] "Lực lượng vũ trang tỉnh: Bảo đảm tốt công tác kỹ thuật đáp ứng yêu cầu hoạt động". Báo Hoà Bình. 22 May 2023. Retrieved 12 December 2023.

[73] "Hóa ra Việt Nam có sử hữu xe thiết giáp MT-LB thiết kế cực độc". kienthuc.net. 27 June 2020. Retrieved 21 January 2023.

[74] "Vietnamese Army developed BTR-152 armored vehicle medevac variant | April 2018 Global Defense Security army news industry | Defense Security global news industry army 2018 | Archive News year". www.armyrecognition.com. 30 April 2018.

[:72-75] Bỗng dưng Quân đội Việt Nam mua xe thiết giáp Trung Quốc - Ô, có sợ bị bắt bài không, 22 October 2021, retrieved 25 October 2021

[76] "Việt Nam đã cải tiến xe thiết giáp Commando V-100 ra sao?".

[77] "Việt Nam có nên tái biên chế thiết giáp V-100 Commando?". 14 June 2017.

[78] "Điểm qua một số chương trình nâng cấp vũ khí nổi bật của VN (P3)". 19 July 2014.

[79] "Caribbean and Latin America". The Military Balance. 105 (1): 315–358. January 2005. doi:10.1080/04597220500387670. ISSN 0459-7222. S2CID 161596649.

[armstrade.sipri.org-80] "SIPRI Arms Transfers Database | SIPRI".

[armstrade-81] "SIPRI arms transfer database". Stockholm International Peace Research Institute. 6 November 2013. Retrieved 6 November 2013.

[82] "Vietnam outlines intent to procure K9 howitzer". Default. 24 April 2024. Retrieved 28 August 2024.

[Trade_Registers-83] "Trade Registers". armstrade.sipri.org. Retrieved 19 August 2022.

[84] "Развитие отечественных РСЗО. Часть 4. Час испытаний" (in Russian). Альтернативная История. 28 May 2022. Archived from the original on 1 June 2022. Retrieved 1 June 2022.

[85] "Sức mạnh pháo phản lực có cỡ nòng lớn nhất Việt Nam" (in Vietnamese). Kiến Thức. 20 August 2018. Retrieved 1 June 2022.

[86] Brianna Starosciak (5 January 2012). "Worldwide Ballistic Missile Inventories (See Vietnam)". Arms Control Association; Missile Defense Agency; US Department of Defense; Congressional Research Service; National Air and Space Intelligence Center; US Department of State; Federation of American Scientists. Arms Control Association. Retrieved 27 June 2015.

[87] "VietDefense". Retrieved 3 October 2020 – via Facebook.

[88] Arthur, Gordon (22 December 2024). "Vietnam unveils new VCS-01 mobile coastal defence system". Naval News. Retrieved 23 December 2024.

[89] Israel has delivered 20 EXTRA surface-to-surface guided rockets to Vietnam for coastal defence – Armyrecognition.com, 26 February 2016

[90] Gady, Franz-Stefan. "Vietnam Deploys Precision-Guided Rocket Artillery in South China Sea". thediplomat.com. Retrieved 31 August 2024.

[91] "Russian missiles to guard skies over Vietnam". atimes.com. Archived from the original on 30 June 2012. Retrieved 4 May 2015.

[:022-92] "Trade Registers". armstrade.sipri.org. Retrieved 5 July 2021.

[93] "WIPO Publish". wipopublish.ipvietnam.gov.vn. Retrieved 17 December 2024.

[94] "The Military Balance 2024, p. 326". IISS. Retrieved 30 August 2024.

[95] "Hội thao, diễn tập chiến thuật phân đội hỏa lực tên lửa phòng không". qdnd.vn (in Vietnamese). Retrieved 30 August 2024.

[96] ợp), Phong Vũ (Tổng (6 September 2019). "Báo Nga bình luận về pháo phòng không S-60 AZP Việt Nam tự nâng cấp - Tạp chí Doanh nghiệp Việt Nam". Cơ quan ngôn luận của Hiệp hội Doanh nghiệp Khoa học và Công nghệ Việt Nam (in Vietnamese). Retrieved 30 August 2024.

[97] "3D L-Band Tactical Surveillance Radar". viettelhightech.vn. Retrieved 31 August 2024.

[98] "3D S-Band Medium-Range Surveillance Radar". viettelhightech.vn. Retrieved 31 August 2024.

[99] "3D S-Band Tactical Surveillance Radar". viettelhightech.vn. Retrieved 31 August 2024.

[100] "Medium-Altitute Surveillance Radar". viettelhightech.vn. Retrieved 31 August 2024.

[101] "Low-Altitude Surveillance Radar". viettelhightech.vn. Retrieved 31 August 2024.

[102] "Russian / Soviet Weapon Systems / Regional Proliferation of Russian Weapons". www.ausairpower.net. Retrieved 23 December 2024.

[103] Nurw (19 January 2018). "Anti-Stealth Radar RV-02 Vietnam is Stronger than Imports". Defense Studies. Retrieved 23 December 2024.

[104] "Medium-Range Coastal Surveillance Radar". viettelhightech.vn. Retrieved 31 August 2024.

[105] "Short-Range High Resolution Surveillance Radar". viettelhightech.vn. Retrieved 31 August 2024.

[106] "Ground Based Radar EA Systems" (PDF). 2020.

[:12-107] Quân đội Việt Nam sắp nhận 334 UAV của Israel – Tưởng dừng hợp đồng, ai ngờ... vui quá, 17 March 2021, retrieved 15 September 2021

[108] "Beyond ISR: is Vietnam developing an armed UAV?". IISS. Retrieved 21 October 2024.

[109] Oryx. "Red Star Rising - Vietnam's Armed Drone Projects". Oryx. Retrieved 31 August 2024.

[110] Yeo, Mike (6 June 2019). "These US partners in the Asia-Pacific are to receive ScanEagle drones". Defense News. Retrieved 11 June 2019.

[111] Egozi2014-09-29T15:15:08+01:00, Arie. "Vietnam acquires unmanned Orbiter 2". Flight Global. Retrieved 16 September 2021.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)

[112] "Tăng T-90S Việt Nam sẽ có cận vệ BREM-1M đi kèm". BÁO ĐẤT VIỆT. Archived from the original on 25 February 2020. Retrieved 26 February 2020.

[113] Vietnamese army gets Polish mechanized bridges MS-20 Daglezja Archived 26 August 2021 at the Wayback Machine Army Recognition

[114] "Đoàn cán bộ, học viên Học viện Quốc phòng thăm và làm việc tại Lữ đoàn Công binh 575 (Quân khu 1)". Vietnam People's Army Newspaper. 13 July 2011. Retrieved 3 November 2023.

[115] "Lữ đoàn Công binh 414 (Quân khu 4): Coi trọng thực hành, gắn với thực tế". People's Army Newspaper (Vietnam). 18 April 2023. Retrieved 1 November 2023.

[116] "Giá liên kết máy đẩy với thuyền vượt sông nhẹ". Vietnam People's Army Newspaper. 7 October 2017. Retrieved 3 November 2023.

[:16-117] _zzam (11 January 2018). "Russia and Vietnam agreement to manufacture Kamaz & UAZ trucks". armyrecognition.com. Retrieved 25 December 2024.

[:17-118] "Kamaz plans to start serial assembly of trucks in Vietnam in 2020". TASS. Retrieved 25 December 2024.

[KamaZ_truck_orders-119] "Việt Nam nhận loạt "ngựa thồ siêu khỏe" từ Nga". 9 November 2019. Archived from the original on 4 December 2020. Retrieved 10 November 2019.

[120] Arthur, Gordon (22 December 2024). "Vietnam unveils new VCS-01 mobile coastal defence system". Naval News. Retrieved 23 December 2024.

[121] "Thực hiện Nghị quyết 847 của Quân ủy Trung ương ở Tổng cục Hậu cần: Cách làm sáng tạo, hiệu quả thiết thực". Báo quân đội nhân dân. 29 August 2022. Retrieved 29 August 2022.

[122] "Bảo đảm thông tin liên lạc kịp thời, chính xác, bí mật, an toàn". 28 June 2019.

[123] "Vươn lên làm chủ công nghệ, bảo đảm thông tin liên lạc trong tình hình mới". 17 July 2020.

[124] "Việt Nam mua nhiều vũ khí từ CH Czech". BBC News (in Vietnamese). 23 July 2014. Retrieved 25 April 2016.

[125] "[ẢNH] Bất ngờ, Việt Nam sản xuất khẩu súng trường nổi tiếng của Anh quốc". 8 November 2018.

[126] "Ngạc nhiên: Pháo M-30 vẫn trực chiến trong QĐND Việt Nam". kienthuc.net.vn. 10 December 2016.

[127] Tisstore (14 October 2015). "Buổi bắn thử nghiệm 3 loại đạn pháo cấp chiến dịch do Việt Nam tự nghiên cứu sản xuất" – via YouTube.

[128] _zzam (19 September 2019). "Vietnam upgrades Soviet-made weapon systems". armyrecognition.com. Retrieved 30 August 2024.

[129] "Báo Anh hé mở thông tin về UAV hiện đại của Việt Nam". trithuccuocsong.vn. 12 November 2018.

[130] _zzam (23 August 2022). "Vietnam army unveils new indigenous XTC-02 amphibious 4x4 APC". armyrecognition.com. Retrieved 8 September 2024.

[131] "Báo VietnamNet". VietNamNet News (in Vietnamese). Retrieved 23 December 2024.

[Vietnamese_army_d&m-132] Carlyle A. Thayer (30 April 2009). "Vietnam People's Army: Development and Modernization". Sultan Haji Bolkiah Institute of Defence and Strategic Studies, Ministry of Defence, Bolkiah Garrison, Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei Darussalam. Cite Seer X, National Science Foundation (NSF): 10/41. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.401.6314.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

[13]

[14]

[15]

[16]

[17]

[18]

[19]

[20]

[21]

[22]

[23]

[24]

[25]

[26]

[27]

[28]

[29]

[30]

[31]

[32]

[33]

[34]

[35]

[36]

[37]

[38]

[39]

[40]

[41]

[42]

[43]

[44]

[45]

[46]

[47]

[48]

[49]

[50]

[51]

[52]

[53]

[54]

[55]

[56]

[57]

[58]

[59]

[60]

[61]

[62]

[63]

[64]

[65]

[66]

[67]

[68]

[69]

[70]

[71]

[72]

[73]

[74]

[75]

[76]

[77]

[78]

[79]

[80]

[81]

[82]

[83]

[84]

[85]

[86]

[87]

[88]

[89]

[90]

[91]

[92]

[93]

[94]

[95]

[96]

[97]

[98]

[99]

[100]

Personal Equipment

Combat Helmet / Helmet Accessories

Infantry Weapons

Weapons Attachment

Rocket-propelled Grenade (RPG) / Anti-Armor Weapon

Ground Vehicles

Artillery

Self-propelled Artillery / Mobile Artillery

Rocket / Missile Artillery

Air Defense System

Radar System

Electronic Warfare (EW)

Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV)

Engineering / Logistic / Utility Vehicles

Former

Infantry Weapon

Pistol

Sniper Rifle

Assault Rifle

Submachine Gun

Machine Gun

Anti-Tank Weapon / Rocket-propelled Grenade (RPG)

Artillery

Self-propelled Artillery / Mobile Artillery

Air Defense System

Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV)

Radar

Development

Mortar

Armored Personnel Carrier (APC)

Unmanned Ariel Vehicle (UAV)

Procurement

See Also

References