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Raven Software is an American video game developer based in Madison, Wisconsin. It was founded in 1990 by brothers Brian and Steve Raffel after getting a publishing deal for their first game, Black Crypt (1992). During that game's development, the company formed a relationship with id Software, which was briefly located on the same street. Raven spent the next few years working primarily on PC games in partnership with id, making ShadowCaster (1993) with a game engine by id Software and three games in the Heretic series between 1994 and 1997 with id as the publisher and id Software employees as the producers. In 1997, Raven made an exclusive publishing deal with Activision, and the Raffel brothers subsequently sold the company to Activision. Several employees left Raven Software at that time to form Human Head Studios.[1]

Raven spent the next decade working on a few original games such as Soldier of Fortune, as well as licensed games, including Star Trek: Voyager – Elite Force (2000), Quake 4 (2005), the Star Wars games Star Wars Jedi Knight II: Jedi Outcast (2002) and Star Wars Jedi Knight: Jedi Academy (2003), and the Marvel Entertainment games X-Men Legends (2004), X-Men Legends II: Rise of Apocalypse (2005), and Marvel: Ultimate Alliance (2006). By 2009, the company had three development teams, and released the licensed games Wolfenstein (2009) and X-Men Origins: Wolverine (2009), while working on their first original game since 2002, Singularity (2010). Wolfenstein and Singularity sold poorly, however, and Raven laid off employees after each game, consolidating into a single development team by October 2010, shortly after Singularity's release.[1] Following the layoffs, Raven focused exclusively as an assistant developer for the Call of Duty series, which has the position of lead developer rotate between Infinity Ward, Treyarch, and Sledgehammer Games.[2] Raven was the primary developer on two games since then: the China-exclusive Call of Duty Online (2015) and Call of Duty: Modern Warfare Remastered (2016), a remaster of the 2007 Call of Duty 4: Modern Warfare packaged with Call of Duty: Infinite Warfare.

Games

[edit]
List of games
Title Details
Black Crypt

Original release date:
February 1992[3][4] 		Release years by system:
1992 – Amiga[4]
Notes:
ShadowCaster

Original release date:
September 1993[6][7] 		Release years by system:
1993 – MS-DOS[7]
1994 – PC-98[8]
Notes:
CyClones

Original release date:
November 1994[10][11] 		Release years by system:
1994 – MS-DOS[11]
Notes:
Heretic

Original release date:
December 23, 1994[12] 		Release years by system:
1994 – MS-DOS[12]
1999 – MacOS[13]
Notes:
  • First-person shooter
  • Divided into three episodes: "City of the Damned", "Hell's Maw", and "The Dome of D'Sparil"
  • Published as shareware by id Software: "City of the Damned" was released for free, with the other two episodes available for purchase[12]
  • Published as a retail title by GT Interactive as Heretic: Shadow of the Serpent Riders in 1996, with two additional episodes: "The Ossuary" and "The Stagnant Demesne"[14]
Hexen: Beyond Heretic

Original release date:
October 30, 1995[15] 		Release years by system:
1995 – MS-DOS[15]
1997 – MacOS, PlayStation, Sega Saturn, Nintendo 64[16]
Notes:
  • First-person shooter
  • Published by id Software through GT Interactive[16]
  • An expansion pack, Deathkings of the Dark Citadel, was released in 1996[17]
Necrodome

Original release date:
September 30, 1996[18] 		Release years by system:
1996 – Windows[18]
Notes:
Hexen II

Original release date:
August 31, 1997[19] 		Release years by system:
1997 – Windows[19]
2002 – macOS[20]
Notes:
  • First-person shooter
  • Published by id Software through Activision[19][20]
  • An expansion pack, Hexen II Mission Pack: Portal of Praevus, was published by Activision in 1998[21]
  • PlayStation and Sega Saturn versions were to be published by Activision but both were cancelled[22][23][24]
Take No Prisoners

Original release date:
September 30, 1997[25] 		Release years by system:
1997 – Windows[25]
Notes:
MageSlayer

Original release date:
September 30, 1997[26] 		Release years by system:
1997 – Windows[26]
Notes:
  • Action game
  • Published by GT Interactive[26]
Heretic II

Original release date:
October 31, 1998[27] 		Release years by system:
1998 – Windows[27]
1999 – Linux[28]
2000 – AmigaOS[29]
2002 – macOS[20]
Notes:
Soldier of Fortune

Original release date:
March 27, 2000[30] 		Release years by system:
2000 – Windows[30]
2001 – Dreamcast,[30] PlayStation 2,[31] Linux[32]
Notes:
  • First-person shooter
  • Published by Activision[30]
  • Two additional versions of the game were released with additional levels and enhancements: the "Gold Edition" (2000) and the "Platinum Edition" (2001)[31][33]
Star Trek: Voyager – Elite Force

Original release date:
September 19, 2000[34] 		Release years by system:
2000 – Windows, macOS[34]
2001 – PlayStation 2[34]
Notes:
  • First-person shooter
  • Published by Activision[34]
  • An expansion pack, Star Trek: Voyager – Elite Force: Virtual Voyager, was published by Activision in 2001[35]
Star Wars Jedi Knight II: Jedi Outcast

Original release date:
March 28, 2002[36] 		Release years by system:
2002 – Windows, macOS
2003 – GameCube, Xbox[36]
2019 – Nintendo Switch, PlayStation 4
Notes:
Soldier of Fortune II: Double Helix

Original release date:
May 22, 2002[38] 		Release years by system:
2002 – Windows, macOS[38]
2003 – Xbox[38]
Notes:
  • Action game
  • Published by Activision[38]
Star Wars Jedi Knight: Jedi Academy

Original release date:
September 16, 2003[39] 		Release years by system:
2003 – Windows, macOS, Xbox[39]
2020 – Nintendo Switch, PlayStation 4
Notes:
  • Action game
  • Published by Activision[39]
X-Men Legends

Original release date:
September 21, 2004[40] 		Release years by system:
2004 – GameCube, PlayStation 2, Xbox[40]
2005 – N-Gage[40]
Notes:
X-Men Legends II: Rise of Apocalypse

Original release date:
September 20, 2005[41] 		Release years by system:
2005 – GameCube, mobile phones, N-Gage, Windows, PlayStation 2, PlayStation Portable, Xbox[41]
Notes:
  • Action role-playing game
  • Published by Activision[41]
Quake 4

Original release date:
October 18, 2005[42] 		Release years by system:
2005 – Windows, macOS, Linux, Xbox 360[42][43]
Notes:
  • First-person shooter
  • Developed with assistance by id Software[42]
  • Published by Activision[42]
Marvel: Ultimate Alliance

Original release date:
October 24, 2006[44] 		Release years by system:
2006 – Game Boy Advance, Windows, PlayStation 2, PlayStation 3, PlayStation Portable, Wii, Xbox, Xbox 360[44]
2016 – PlayStation 4, Xbox One[44]
Notes:
  • Action role-playing game
  • Published by Activision[44]
  • The Game Boy Advance version was developed by Barking Lizards Technologies, and is substantially different from other versions of the game[44]
X-Men Origins: Wolverine

Original release date:
May 1, 2009[45] 		Release years by system:
2009 – Mobile phones, Nintendo DS, Windows, PlayStation 2, PlayStation 3, PlayStation Portable, Wii, Xbox 360[45]
Notes:
  • Action-adventure game
  • Published by Activision[45]
Wolfenstein

Original release date:
August 18, 2009[46] 		Release years by system:
2009 – Windows, PlayStation 3, Xbox 360[46]
Notes:
  • First-person shooter
  • Published by Activision[46]
Singularity

Original release date:
June 25, 2010[47] 		Release years by system:
2010 – Windows, PlayStation 3, Xbox 360[47]
Notes:
  • First-person shooter
  • Published by Activision[47]
Call of Duty: Black Ops

Original release date:
November 9, 2010[48] 		Release years by system:
2010 – Nintendo DS, Windows, PlayStation 3, Wii, Xbox 360[48]
2012 – macOS[48]
Notes:
  • First-person shooter
  • Developed primarily by Treyarch, with Raven assisting and developing DLC for the game[48][49]
  • Published by Activision[48]
Call of Duty: Modern Warfare 3

Original release date:
November 8, 2011[50] 		Release years by system:
2011 – Windows, PlayStation 3, Wii, Xbox 360[50]
Notes:
  • First-person shooter
  • Developed primarily by Infinity Ward, with Raven assisting and developing DLC for the game[49][50]
  • Published by Activision[50]
Call of Duty: Black Ops II

Original release date:
November 12, 2012[51] 		Release years by system:
2012 – Windows, PlayStation 3, Wii U, Xbox 360[51]
Notes:
  • First-person shooter
  • Developed primarily by Treyarch, with Raven assisting[51][52]
  • Published by Activision[51]
Call of Duty: Ghosts

Original release date:
November 5, 2013[53] 		Release years by system:
2013 – Windows, PlayStation 3, PlayStation 4, Wii U, Xbox 360, Xbox One[53]
Notes:
  • First-person shooter
  • Developed primarily by Infinity Ward, with Raven leading development on multiplayer[52]
  • Published by Activision[53]
Call of Duty: Advanced Warfare

Original release date:
November 4, 2014[54] 		Release years by system:
2014 – Windows, PlayStation 3, PlayStation 4, Xbox 360, Xbox One[54]
Notes:
  • First-person shooter
  • Developed primarily by Sledgehammer Games, with Raven leading development on multiplayer and Zombies[52]
  • Published by Activision[54]
Call of Duty Online

Original release date:
January 12, 2015[55] 		Release years by system:
2015 – Windows[55]
Notes:
Call of Duty: Black Ops III

Original release date:
November 6, 2015[56] 		Release years by system:
2015 – Windows, PlayStation 3, PlayStation 4, Xbox 360, Xbox One[56]
Notes:
  • First-person shooter
  • Developed primarily by Treyarch, with Raven assisting[52]
  • Published by Activision[56]
Call of Duty: Infinite Warfare

Original release date:
November 4, 2016[57] 		Release years by system:
2016 – Windows, PlayStation 4, Xbox One[57]
Notes:
  • First-person shooter
  • Developed primarily by Infinity Ward, with Raven assisting[52]
  • Published by Activision[57]
Call of Duty: Modern Warfare Remastered

Original release date:
November 4, 2016[58] 		Release years by system:
2016 – Windows, PlayStation 4, Xbox One[58]
Notes:
Call of Duty: WWII

Original release date:
November 3, 2017[60] 		Release years by system:
2017 – Windows, PlayStation 4, Xbox One[60]
Notes:
  • First-person shooter
  • Developed primarily by Sledgehammer Games, with Raven assisting[52]
  • Published by Activision[60]
Call of Duty: Black Ops IIII

Original release date:
October 12, 2018[61] 		Release years by system:
2018 – Windows, PlayStation 4, Xbox One[61]
Notes:
  • First-person shooter
  • Developed primarily by Treyarch, with Raven assisting[61]
  • Published by Activision[61]
Call of Duty: Modern Warfare

Original release date:
October 25, 2019[62] 		Release years by system:
2019 – Windows, PlayStation 4, Xbox One[62]
Notes:
  • First-person shooter
  • Developed primarily by Infinity Ward, with Raven assisting[62]
  • Published by Activision[62]
Call of Duty: Warzone

Original release date:
March 10, 2020[63][64] 		Release years by system:
2020 – Windows, PlayStation 4, Xbox One[65]
Notes:
  • First-person shooter
  • Co-developed with Infinity Ward[65]
  • Published by Activision[65]
Call of Duty: Black Ops Cold War

Original release date:
November 13, 2020[66] 		Release years by system:
2020 – Windows, PlayStation 4, PlayStation 5, Xbox One, Xbox Series X/S[66]
Notes:
  • First-person shooter
  • Co-developed with Treyarch[66]
  • Lead development on campaign mode
  • Published by Activision
Call of Duty: Warzone 2.0

Original release date:
November 16, 2022 		Release years by system:
2022 – Windows, PlayStation 4, PlayStation 5, Xbox One, Xbox Series X/S
Notes:
  • First-person shooter
  • Co-developed with Infinity Ward
  • Published by Activision
Call of Duty: Black Ops 6

Proposed release date:
October 25, 2024 		Proposed system release:
2024 – Windows, PlayStation 4, PlayStation 5, Xbox One, Xbox Series X/S
Notes:
  • First-person shooter
  • Co-developed with Treyarch
  • Lead development on campaign mode
  • Published by Activision

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b Bailey, Kat (October 27, 2014). "From Dungeon & Dragons to Call of Duty: The Story of Raven Software". USgamer. Gamer Network. Archived from the original on August 27, 2017. Retrieved March 14, 2018.
  2. ^ Crecente, Brian (October 11, 2010). "Singularity Game Developer Hit with Layoffs". Kotaku. Univision Communications. Archived from the original on November 28, 2017. Retrieved March 14, 2018.
  3. ^ "Black Crypt Preview". Computer and Video Games. No. 122. EMAP Publishing. January 1992. p. 109. ISSN 0261-3697.
  4. ^ a b c d "Black Crypt". Raven Software. Archived from the original on February 23, 2007. Retrieved March 6, 2018.
  5. ^ "Great Expectations for 1992". GamePro. No. 31. IDG. February 1992. pp. 40, 42, 46. ISSN 1042-8658.
  6. ^ "Blueprint – Shadowcaster". PC Zone. No. 7. Dennis Publishing. October 1993. p. 102. ISSN 0967-8220.
  7. ^ a b c "GamesDetail: ShadowCaster". Raven Software. Archived from the original on September 14, 2010. Retrieved March 6, 2018.
  8. ^ "Shadowcaster Overview". GameSpot. CBS Interactive. Archived from the original on April 13, 2019. Retrieved February 11, 2020.
  9. ^ Kushner, pp. 118–121
  10. ^ "Read.Me - PipeLINE". Computer Gaming World. No. 124. Ziff Davis. November 1994. p. 24. ISSN 0744-6667.
  11. ^ a b c "CyClones". Raven Software. Archived from the original on October 5, 2003. Retrieved March 6, 2018.
  12. ^ a b c Kushner, p. 161
  13. ^ "Heretic" (PDF). Macworld. IDG. May 1999. p. 34. ISSN 0741-8647. Archived (PDF) from the original on August 16, 2017.
  14. ^ "Heretic: Shadow of the Serpent Riders". PC Magazine. Vol. 15, no. 13. July 1996. p. 453. ISSN 0888-8507.
  15. ^ a b Romero, John (October 30, 2013). "John Romero on Twitter". Twitter. Archived from the original on January 8, 2018. Retrieved January 8, 2018.
  16. ^ a b "Hexen – Mac". IGN. Ziff Davis. Archived from the original on May 30, 2016. Retrieved January 8, 2018.
  17. ^ "HeXen: Deathkings of the Dark Citadel". Steam. Valve. Archived from the original on June 23, 2017. Retrieved January 9, 2018.
  18. ^ a b c Soete, Tim (November 15, 1996). "Necrodome Review". GameSpot. CBS Interactive. Archived from the original on August 20, 2017. Retrieved March 7, 2018.
  19. ^ a b c "Hexen 2". Shacknews. Gamerhub Content Network. Archived from the original on September 18, 2011. Retrieved January 9, 2018.
  20. ^ a b c "Hexen II – Mac". IGN. Ziff Davis. Archived from the original on January 9, 2018. Retrieved January 9, 2018.
  21. ^ "Hexen II Mission Pack: Portal of Praevus". IGN. Ziff Davis. Archived from the original on January 9, 2018. Retrieved January 9, 2018.
  22. ^ "Protos: Hexen II". Electronic Gaming Monthly. No. 94. Ziff Davis. May 1997. p. 40.
  23. ^ "Hexen 2 Announced for Saturn!". Sega Saturn Magazine. No. 19. Emap International Limited. May 1997. p. 8.
  24. ^ "Hexen 2 Saturn bound?". Saturn Power. No. 1. Future Publishing. June 1997. p. 11.
  25. ^ a b c "Take No Prisoners Review". GameSpot. CBS Interactive. November 12, 1997. Archived from the original on January 20, 2016. Retrieved March 7, 2018.
  26. ^ a b c "MageSlayer Review". GameSpot. CBS Interactive. November 18, 1997. Archived from the original on November 12, 2016. Retrieved March 7, 2018.
  27. ^ a b c Kasavin, Greg (December 1, 1998). "Heretic II Review". GameSpot. CBS Interactive. Archived from the original on September 2, 2016. Retrieved March 7, 2018.
  28. ^ Shields, Jo (March 4, 2005). "Linux Games". Hexus. The Media Team. Archived from the original on July 30, 2017. Retrieved March 7, 2018.
  29. ^ Stroud, David (April 2000). "Heretic II". Amiga Active. No. 7. Pinprint Publishing. pp. 48–50. ISSN 1467-3533. Archived from the original on April 12, 2018. Retrieved March 7, 2018.
  30. ^ a b c d "Soldier of Fortune". IGN. Ziff Davis. Archived from the original on April 7, 2016. Retrieved March 7, 2018.
  31. ^ a b "Soldier of Fortune Gold Edition". IGN. Ziff Davis. Archived from the original on August 4, 2017. Retrieved March 7, 2018.
  32. ^ Smith, JT (February 16, 2001). "Loki's Soldier of Fortune: gold, guts, and glory". Linux.com. Linux Foundation. Archived from the original on March 8, 2018. Retrieved March 8, 2018.
  33. ^ "Soldier of Fortune Platinum Edition". IGN. Ziff Davis. Archived from the original on August 31, 2017. Retrieved March 7, 2018.
  34. ^ a b c d "Star Trek: Voyager: Elite Force". IGN. Ziff Davis. Archived from the original on March 13, 2017. Retrieved March 8, 2018.
  35. ^ "Star Trek Voyager: Elite Force Expansion Pack". IGN. Ziff Davis. April 19, 2001. Archived from the original on June 16, 2018. Retrieved March 8, 2018.
  36. ^ a b c "Star Wars Jedi Knight II: Jedi Outcast". IGN. Ziff Davis. Archived from the original on April 4, 2017. Retrieved March 8, 2018.
  37. ^ "Star Wars: The Best of PC (PC-DVD-ROM)". LucasArts. Archived from the original on May 17, 2007. Retrieved March 8, 2018.
  38. ^ a b c d "Soldier of Fortune II: Double Helix". IGN. Ziff Davis. Archived from the original on March 22, 2016. Retrieved March 9, 2018.
  39. ^ a b c "Star Wars Jedi Knight: Jedi Academy". IGN. Ziff Davis. Archived from the original on April 12, 2017. Retrieved March 9, 2018.
  40. ^ a b c d "X-Men Legends". IGN. Ziff Davis. Archived from the original on March 24, 2016. Retrieved March 12, 2018.
  41. ^ a b c "X-Men Legends II". IGN. Ziff Davis. Archived from the original on July 2, 2017. Retrieved March 12, 2018.
  42. ^ a b c d "Quake 4". IGN. Ziff Davis. Archived from the original on August 17, 2017. Retrieved March 12, 2018.
  43. ^ Barr, Joe (November 9, 2005). "Quake 4 for Linux". Linux.com. Linux Foundation. Archived from the original on January 11, 2018. Retrieved March 12, 2018.
  44. ^ a b c d e "Marvel: Ultimate Alliance". IGN. Ziff Davis. Archived from the original on March 25, 2017. Retrieved March 12, 2018.
  45. ^ a b c "X-Men Origins: Wolverine". IGN. Ziff Davis. Archived from the original on April 29, 2017. Retrieved March 12, 2018.
  46. ^ a b c "Wolfenstein". IGN. Ziff Davis. Archived from the original on August 8, 2017. Retrieved March 12, 2018.
  47. ^ a b c "Singularity". IGN. Ziff Davis. Archived from the original on April 5, 2016. Retrieved March 12, 2018.
  48. ^ a b c d e "Call of Duty: Black Ops". IGN. Ziff Davis. Archived from the original on June 5, 2017. Retrieved March 12, 2018.
  49. ^ a b Scammell, David (July 20, 2011). "Infinity Ward clarifies Raven's involvement with CoD franchise". GamerZines. Cranberry Publishing. Archived from the original on August 7, 2011.
  50. ^ a b c d "Call of Duty: Modern Warfare 3". IGN. Ziff Davis. Archived from the original on June 23, 2017. Retrieved March 12, 2018.
  51. ^ a b c d "Call of Duty: Black Ops 2". IGN. Ziff Davis. Archived from the original on February 4, 2018. Retrieved March 12, 2018.
  52. ^ a b c d e f "Raven Software | Games". Raven Software. Archived from the original on March 13, 2018. Retrieved March 12, 2018.
  53. ^ a b c "Call of Duty: Ghosts". IGN. Ziff Davis. Archived from the original on January 23, 2017. Retrieved March 13, 2018.
  54. ^ a b c "Call of Duty: Advanced Warfare". IGN. Ziff Davis. Archived from the original on March 16, 2017. Retrieved March 13, 2018.
  55. ^ a b c Selinger, Joshua (January 12, 2015). "Activision and Tencent Launch Call of Duty Online in China" (Press release). Activision Publishing. Archived from the original on March 14, 2018. Retrieved March 13, 2018.
  56. ^ a b c "Call of Duty: Black Ops III". IGN. Ziff Davis. Archived from the original on July 8, 2017. Retrieved March 14, 2018.
  57. ^ a b c "Call of Duty: Infinite Warfare". IGN. Ziff Davis. Archived from the original on January 9, 2017. Retrieved March 14, 2018.
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  63. ^ Machkovich, Sam (March 9, 2020). "Call of Duty's free-to-play, cross-platform battle royale launches March 10". ArsTechnica. Archived from the original on March 18, 2020. Retrieved March 10, 2020.
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  66. ^ a b c Chalk, Andy (August 4, 2020). "Activision confirms that Treyarch and Raven are making the new Call of Duty". PC Gamer. Archived from the original on August 5, 2020. Retrieved August 19, 2020.

Sources

[edit]

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