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Leonhard Grill

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Leonhard Grill
Alma mater
OccupationExperimental physicist Edit this on Wikidata

Leonhard Grill is an Austrian experimental physicist. He is a professor at the University of Graz in the field of nanoscience, in particular with functional molecules on surfaces.

Education

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After his undergraduate studies in physics at the University of Graz,[1][2] Grill worked with Silvio Modesti at the Istituto Nazionale per la Fisica della Materia (INFM) in Trieste on his doctoral thesis: "Growth of thin metallic overlayers on Ge(111): Electron confinement and characterization of image resonances by selective electron scattering".[3][4] He then moved to the Free University of Berlin (FU Berlin) to work with Karl-Heinz Rieder[5] where he began to work on the manipulation of single molecules using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM).[6][7] In 2007 he submitted his habilitation at the FU Berlin.[8]

Academic career

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He was appointed Professor of Physical Chemistry at the University of Graz in 2013.[9]

Research

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Grill's research group uses scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy to study and selectively manipulate molecules on surfaces. His interests range from chemical processes of single atoms and molecules to the bottom-up growth of two-dimensional supra- and macromolecular assemblies. Additional research areas include molecules with mechanical, chemical, electronic, optical or electrical functionalities.[10]

By pulling individual polymers off of a surface with the tip of the scanning tunnelling microscope, Grill's group was able to measure for the first time the conductivity of individual molecular wires as a function of their length.[11][12] He studied the switching mechanism of single-molecule switches,[13] based on intramolecular isomerization or proton transfer. In addition, his group found that a strong influence of the immediate environment on each molecule existed – caused both by the atomic lattice of the surface[14] and single atoms in the vicinity of the molecule.[15] His contributions to the field of molecular dynamics on surfaces include rolling[16] the first molecular wheels across a surface, activating molecular motors with light,[17] and moving individual molecules over relatively large distances with extremely high precision.[18][19][20] By combining a molecule with a surface, his group discovered a novel type of molecular motor that can move unidirectionally with 100% efficiency, and even transport individual carbon monoxide molecules as "cargo".[21] This system has been described as "a nanoscale bulldozer".[22]

Grill developed, together with Stefan Hecht, "covalent on-surface polymerization",[23] in which molecular building blocks are connected to construct highly defined and stable networks on surfaces.[24][25]

Awards

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References

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  1. ^ "Leonhard Grill, Professor an der Universität Graz - nano-lab.uni-graz.at". nano-lab.uni-graz.at. Retrieved 2024-11-26.
  2. ^ Diploma thesis - Leonhard Grill, Struktur und Reaktivität der seltenen Erdmetalle Praseodym, Europium und Erbium auf Si(111) : auf der Suche nach zweidimensionalen Siliziden, 1996 Catalogue, Library of the University of Graz https://permalink.obvsg.at/UGR/AC01649386
  3. ^ "Leonhard Grill, Professor an der Universität Graz - nano-lab.uni-graz.at". nano-lab.uni-graz.at. Retrieved 2024-11-26.
  4. ^ PhD thesis - Leonhard Grill, Growth of thin metallic overlayers on Ge(111) : electron confinement and characterization of image resonances by selective electron scattering, 2001 Catalogue, Library of the University of Graz https://permalink.obvsg.at/UGR/AC03345182
  5. ^ "Research highlights". Nature. 445 (7126): 342–343. January 2007. Bibcode:2007Natur.445..342.. doi:10.1038/445342a. ISSN 1476-4687.
  6. ^ Rieder, Karl-Heinz; Meyer, Gerhard; Moresco, Francesca; et al. (2005). "Force induced and electron stimulated STM manipulations: Routes to artificial nanostructures as well as to molecular contacts, engines and switches". Journal of Physics: Conference Series. 19 (1): 175–181. Bibcode:2005JPhCS..19..175R. doi:10.1088/1742-6596/19/1/028.
  7. ^ ALEXANDER, Still (2011). "MaxPlanckResearch 2/2011 - Focus: Medicine of Tomorrow" (PDF). Research - the Science Magazine of the Max Planck Society. 2–2011: 73–77.
  8. ^ Leonhard, Grill (2007). Functionalized molecules studied by STM: Towards molecular nanotechnology: Habilitationsschrift (Thesis). doi:10.17169/refubium-45504.
  9. ^ "Journal of the University of Graz with the Appointment of Leonhard Grill as Professor, Section 329". mitteilungsblatt.uni-graz.at. Retrieved 2024-11-25.
  10. ^ "Leonhard Grill, Professor an der Universität Graz - nano-lab.uni-graz.at". nano-lab.uni-graz.at. Retrieved 2024-12-04.
  11. ^ Lafferentz, Leif; Ample, Francisco; Yu, Hao; Hecht, Stefan; Joachim, Christian; Grill, Leonhard (2009-02-27). "Conductance of a Single Conjugated Polymer as a Continuous Function of Its Length". Science. 323 (5918): 1193–1197. Bibcode:2009Sci...323.1193L. doi:10.1126/science.1168255. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 19251624.
  12. ^ Koch, Matthias; Ample, Francisco; Joachim, Christian; Grill, Leonhard (December 2012). "Voltage-dependent conductance of a single graphene nanoribbon". Nature Nanotechnology. 7 (11): 713–717. Bibcode:2012NatNa...7..713K. doi:10.1038/nnano.2012.169. ISSN 1748-3387. PMID 23064554.
  13. ^ Alemani, Micol; Peters, Maike V.; Hecht, Stefan; Rieder, Karl-Heinz; Moresco, Francesca; Grill, Leonhard (2006-11-01). "Electric Field-Induced Isomerization of Azobenzene by STM". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 128 (45): 14446–14447. Bibcode:2006JAChS.12814446A. doi:10.1021/ja065449s. ISSN 0002-7863. PMID 17090013.
  14. ^ Dri, Carlo; Peters, Maike V.; Schwarz, Jutta; Hecht, Stefan; Grill, Leonhard (November 2008). "Spatial periodicity in molecular switching". Nature Nanotechnology. 3 (11): 649–653. Bibcode:2008NatNa...3..649D. doi:10.1038/nnano.2008.269. ISSN 1748-3387. PMID 18989329.
  15. ^ Kumagai, Takashi; Hanke, Felix; Gawinkowski, Sylwester; Sharp, John; Kotsis, Konstantinos; Waluk, Jacek; Persson, Mats; Grill, Leonhard (January 2014). "Controlling intramolecular hydrogen transfer in a porphycene molecule with single atoms or molecules located nearby". Nature Chemistry. 6 (1): 41–46. Bibcode:2014NatCh...6...41K. doi:10.1038/nchem.1804. ISSN 1755-4330. PMID 24345945.
  16. ^ Grill, L.; Rieder, K.-H.; Moresco, F.; Rapenne, G.; Stojkovic, S.; Bouju, X.; Joachim, C. (February 2007). "Rolling a single molecular wheel at the atomic scale". Nature Nanotechnology. 2 (2): 95–98. Bibcode:2007NatNa...2...95G. doi:10.1038/nnano.2006.210. ISSN 1748-3387. PMID 18654226.
  17. ^ Saywell, Alex; Bakker, Anne; Mielke, Johannes; Kumagai, Takashi; Wolf, Martin; García-López, Víctor; Chiang, Pinn-Tsong; Tour, James M.; Grill, Leonhard (2016-12-27). "Light-Induced Translation of Motorized Molecules on a Surface". ACS Nano. 10 (12): 10945–10952. doi:10.1021/acsnano.6b05650. ISSN 1936-0851. PMID 27783488.
  18. ^ "Nano-Forscher der Uni Graz entwickelten neuartigen molekularen Motor". APA Science (in German). 6 September 2023. Retrieved 4 December 2024.
  19. ^ Civita, Donato; Kolmer, Marek; Simpson, Grant J.; Li, An-Ping; Hecht, Stefan; Grill, Leonhard (2020-11-20). "Control of long-distance motion of single molecules on a surface". Science. 370 (6519): 957–960. Bibcode:2020Sci...370..957C. doi:10.1126/science.abd0696. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 33214276.
  20. ^ mdr.de. "Grazer Forscher versenden und empfangen einzelne Moleküle | MDR.DE". www.mdr.de (in German). Retrieved 2024-12-04.
  21. ^ Simpson, Grant J.; Persson, Mats; Grill, Leonhard (2023-09-07). "Adsorbate motors for unidirectional translation and transport". Nature. 621 (7977): 82–86. Bibcode:2023Natur.621...82S. doi:10.1038/s41586-023-06384-y. ISSN 0028-0836. PMID 37673992.
  22. ^ Cutts, Elise (2023). "Nanoscale Bulldozer". Scientific American. 329 (5): 14. doi:10.1038/scientificamerican1223-14a. PMID 39017309.
  23. ^ Grill, Leonhard; Dyer, Matthew; Lafferentz, Leif; Persson, Mats; Peters, Maike V.; Hecht, Stefan (November 2007). "Nano-architectures by covalent assembly of molecular building blocks". Nature Nanotechnology. 2 (11): 687–691. Bibcode:2007NatNa...2..687G. doi:10.1038/nnano.2007.346. ISSN 1748-3387. PMID 18654406.
  24. ^ Grill, Leonhard; Hecht, Stefan (February 2020). "Covalent on-surface polymerization". Nature Chemistry. 12 (2): 115–130. Bibcode:2020NatCh..12..115G. doi:10.1038/s41557-019-0392-9. ISSN 1755-4330. PMID 31996811.
  25. ^ "Steirer des Tages: Auf Du und Du mit den kleinsten Maschinen". www.kleinezeitung.at (in German). 2023-04-03. Retrieved 2024-12-04.
  26. ^ Rupprecht, Wissenschaft-Land Steiermark, Anita. "Forschungspreise des Landes Steiermark". Wissenschaft - Land Steiermark (in German). Retrieved 2024-11-22.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  27. ^ Simpson, Grant J.; García-López, Víctor; Petermeier, Philipp; Grill, Leonhard; Tour, James M. (July 2017). "How to build and race a fast nanocar". Nature Nanotechnology. 12 (7): 604–606. Bibcode:2017NatNa..12..604S. doi:10.1038/nnano.2017.137. ISSN 1748-3387. PMID 28681857.
  28. ^ Rapenne, Gwénaël; Joachim, Christian (2017-06-06). "The first nanocar race". Nature Reviews Materials. 2 (6): 17040. Bibcode:2017NatRM...217040R. doi:10.1038/natrevmats.2017.40. ISSN 2058-8437.
  29. ^ unigraz (2017-10-05). American-Austrian NanoPrix Team is winner of the first NanoCarRace. Retrieved 2024-12-04 – via YouTube.
  30. ^ Jacquot De Rouville, Henri-Pierre; Kammerer, Claire; Rapenne, Gwénaël (2018). "From the Synthesis of Nanovehicles to Participation in the First Nanocar Race—View from the French Team". Molecules. 23 (3): 612. doi:10.3390/molecules23030612. PMC 6017560. PMID 29518034.
  31. ^ "2011 Foresight Institute Feynman Prize". legacy.foresight.org. Retrieved 2024-11-22.
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