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Draft:Siege of Nishapur

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Siege of Nishapur
Part of the Mongol invasion of Khorasan
Date1221 (3 days).[1]
Location
Nishapur, present-day Iran
Result Mongol victory
Belligerents
Mongol Empire Khwarazmian Empire
Commanders and leaders
Genghis Khan
Tolui		 Kaikhusraw  †
Strength
Unknown Unknown
Casualties and losses
Unknown Entire force[2]
Including civilians: 1,747,000 (Persian Chronicles)[3][4]
170,000 (other sources)[5]
Only 400 skilled workers survived[6][7]

The Siege of Nishapur occurred on April 1221 between the Mongol Empire led under Genghis Khan and Tolui and the Khwarazmian Empire under Kaikhusraw[8][9][10]. During the first assault, Genghis Khan’s son-in-law, Tuqachar Barlas, was killed by arrow that was shot from the city during an unsuccessful engagement with the city[11]. After the fall of Merv, Genghis and Tolui advanced to Nishapur and the city fell in only three days[12][13][14][15]. In an act of revenge, Genghis allowed his daughter, who was pregnant at the time, to carry out what the punishment of the city would be. She decreed that none of the citizen’s of the city would be spared and ordered the soldiers to pile the severed heads of the dead citizen’s into the three pyramids - one each for the men, women and children[16][17]. It’s been said that not even the animals were spared the massacre[18]. According to Persian chronicles, the Mongols massacred the population of 1,747,000 people, the worst Mongol atrocity until the siege of Baghdad[19][20][21]

References[edit]

  1. ^ "Welcome to Encyclopaedia Iranica".
  2. ^ Weatherford, Jack (2004). Genghis Khan and the Making of the Modern World. Crown and Three Rivers Press. pp. 117–118. ISBN 0-609-80964-4.
  3. ^ Weatherford, Jack (2004). Genghis Khan and the Making of the Modern World. Crown and Three Rivers Press. pp. 117–118. ISBN 0-609-80964-4.
  4. ^ Morgan, David (1986). The Mongols (Peoples of Europe). Blackwell Publishing. pp. 74–75. ISBN 0-631-17563-6.
  5. ^ "8 brutal acts of Genghis Khan and his successors".
  6. ^ "8 brutal acts of Genghis Khan and his successors".
  7. ^ "The History of the World Conqueror Vol I". Harvard University Press. 1958.
  8. ^ "Neyshābūr | Persian City, Turquoise Mosques & Carpets | Britannica".
  9. ^ Weatherford, Jack (2004). Genghis Khan and the Making of the Modern World. Crown and Three Rivers Press. pp. 117–118. ISBN 0-609-80964-4.
  10. ^ https://history-maps.com/story/History-of-Iran
  11. ^ "Facing the Wrath of the Khan". 23 March 2020.
  12. ^ Morgan, David (1986). The Mongols (Peoples of Europe). Blackwell Publishing. pp. 74–75. ISBN 0-631-17563-6.
  13. ^ Ratchnevsky, Paul (1991). Genghis Khan: His Life and Legacy. Blackwell Publishing. pp. 131–133. ISBN 0-631-16785-4.
  14. ^ "The History of the World Conqueror Vol I". Harvard University Press. 1958.
  15. ^ https://history-maps.com/story/History-of-Iran
  16. ^ Stubbs, Kim (2006). "Facing the Wrath of Khan". Military History. 23 (3): 30–37.
  17. ^ "Legend Says a Mongol Army Once Killed 1.7 Million People in a Single Hour". 10 April 2022.
  18. ^ Atwood 2004, p. 343; Boyle 2007, pp. 314–315; Morgan 1986, p. 74 sfnm error: multiple targets (3×): CITEREFMorgan1986 (help).
  19. ^ "Twentieth Century Atlas - Historical Body Count".
  20. ^ Morgan, David (1986). The Mongols (Peoples of Europe). Blackwell Publishing. pp. 74–75. ISBN 0-631-17563-6.
  21. ^ Ratchnevsky, Paul (1991). Genghis Khan: His Life and Legacy. Blackwell Publishing. pp. 131–133. ISBN 0-631-16785-4.
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