1916 in Wales
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| See also: | List of years in Wales Timeline of Welsh history
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This article is about the particular significance of the year 1916 to Wales and its people.
Incumbents
[edit]- Archdruid of the National Eisteddfod of Wales – Dyfed[1]
- Lord Lieutenant of Anglesey – Sir Richard Henry Williams-Bulkeley, 12th Baronet
- Lord Lieutenant of Brecknockshire – Joseph Bailey, 2nd Baron Glanusk[2]
- Lord Lieutenant of Caernarvonshire – John Ernest Greaves[3]
- Lord Lieutenant of Cardiganshire – Herbert Davies-Evans[4]
- Lord Lieutenant of Carmarthenshire – John William Gwynne Hughes
- Lord Lieutenant of Denbighshire – William Cornwallis-West[5]
- Lord Lieutenant of Flintshire – Henry Gladstone, later Baron Gladstone[6]
- Lord Lieutenant of Glamorgan – Robert Windsor-Clive, 1st Earl of Plymouth
- Lord Lieutenant of Merionethshire – Sir Osmond Williams, 1st Baronet[7]
- Lord Lieutenant of Monmouthshire – Ivor Herbert, 1st Baron Treowen
- Lord Lieutenant of Montgomeryshire – Sir Herbert Williams-Wynn, 7th Baronet
- Lord Lieutenant of Pembrokeshire – John Philipps, 1st Viscount St Davids
- Lord Lieutenant of Radnorshire – Powlett Milbank[8]
- Bishop of Bangor – Watkin Williams[9]
- Bishop of Llandaff – Joshua Pritchard Hughes[10]
- Bishop of St Asaph – A. G. Edwards (later Archbishop of Wales)[11]
- Bishop of St Davids – John Owen[12]
Events
[edit]- 1 January
- The Port Eynon life-boat capsizes and three crew members die.
- The Royal laryngologist John Milsom Rees is knighted.[13]
- 8 January – The Apostolic Church in Wales is established.
- 2 February – Submarine HMS J4 is launched at Pembroke Dock.[14]
- 7 February – The Roman Catholic archdiocese of Cardiff is established.
- 1 March – Transfer of the National Library of Wales at Aberystwyth into its purpose-built premises is completed.[15]
- 3 March – Light cruiser HMS Cambrian is launched at Pembroke Dock.[16]
- 31 May–1 June – Hugh Evan-Thomas distinguishes himself in the Battle of Jutland;[17] he is later knighted.
- 1 June – Miners' wages in the South Wales Coalfield are increased by 15%.[18]
- 11 June – Frongoch internment camp is used as a place of imprisonment for approximately 1,800 Irishmen involved with the Easter Rising.[19]
- 4 July – Royal Welch Fusiliers Lieutenant Siegfried Sassoon attacks a German trench single-handed, and records the outcome in his memoirs.
- 7–12 July – The 38th (Welsh) Division loses so many men in the Mametz Wood engagement during the Battle of the Somme that it is unable to re-group for a year.
- 12 July – Railway worker James Dally is awarded the Edward Medal by King George V for his actions in saving a colleague from falling from the Crumlin Viaduct.
- July – Jimmy Thomas becomes General Secretary of the National Union of Railwaymen, which he had been instrumental in forming.
- October – T. E. Lawrence is sent into the desert to report on the Arab nationalist movements.
- 7 November – Charles Evans Hughes loses narrowly to Woodrow Wilson in the United States presidential election.
- November – Christopher Williams visits the scene of the Welsh losses at Mametz Wood and later paints his famous The Welsh at Mametz Wood at the request of David Lloyd George.[20]
- 1 December – Government takes control of mines in the South Wales Coalfield.[21]
- 2 December – Miners' wages in the South Wales Coalfield are again increased by 15%.[22]
- 7 December
- David Lloyd George is the first (and, as of a century later, only) Welshman to become Prime Minister of the United Kingdom.[23]
- David Alfred Thomas is created Baron Rhondda. He is appointed President of the Local Government Board.[24]
Awards
[edit]- National Eisteddfod of Wales (held in Aberystwyth)
- Chair - J. Ellis Williams, "Ystrad Fflur"[25]
- Crown - withheld
New books
[edit]- Llewelyn Powys and John Cowper Powys - Confessions of Two Brothers
- Richard Hughes Williams (Dic Tryfan) - Tair Stori Fer
Film
[edit]- 22 April – Edmund Gwenn makes his screen debut in The Real Thing at Last.
Sport
[edit]- Boxing: 14 February – Jimmy Wilde wins the British flyweight title at Liverpool.
Births
[edit]- 26 February - Joan Strothers (later Lady Curran), scientist (died 1999)[26]
- 2 March - Eddie Watkins, rugby player (died 1995)
- 1 May - Glenn Ford, Welsh-Canadian actor (died 2006)[27]
- 6 May - Ted Peterson, British baseball player (died 2005)
- 7 May - Huw Wheldon, broadcaster (died 1986)[28]
- 8 May - Sylvia Sleigh, painter (died 2010)[29]
- 22 May - Rupert Davies, actor (died 1976)
- 3 July - Nigel Heseltine, writer (died 1995)[30]
- 23 August - Willie Davies, Wales international rugby union and league player (died 2002)
- 29 August - Rhydwen Williams, poet, novelist and minister (died 1997)[31]
- 13 September - Roald Dahl, novelist (died 1990)[32]
- 14 September - Cledwyn Hughes, politician (died 2001)[33]
- 24 September - W. J. Gruffydd (Elerydd), poet and Archdruid (died 2011)[34]
- 31 October - Stan Trick, cricketer (died 1995)
Deaths
[edit]- 12 March - Llywarch Reynolds, solicitor and Celtic scholar, 72[35]
- 14 March - Lou Phillips, Wales international rugby player, 38 (killed in action)[36]
- 18 March - David Cuthbert Thomas ("Dick Tiltwood"), soldier, 21 (killed in action)[37]
- 14 April - Charlie Pritchard, Wales international rugby player, 32 (killed in action)[36]
- May - John Griffiths, mathematician, 79
- 5 June - James Williams, footballer, 32 (killed in action)
- 26 June - Henry Allan Rolls, younger brother and heir presumptive of 2nd Baron Llangattock, 44[38]
- 27 June - Sarah Jane Rees (Cranogwen), writer and temperance activist, 78[39]
- 7 July - Dick Thomas, Wales international rugby player, 32 (killed in action at Mametz Wood, during the Somme)
- 12 July - Johnnie Williams, Wales international rugby player, 34 (died of wounds received at Mametz, on the Somme)[36]
- 14 July - David Watts, Wales international rugby player, 30 (killed in action)[36]
- 30 July - Eveline Willett Cunnington, social reformer in New Zealand, 67[40]
- 3 September - Horace Thomas, Wales international rugby player, 26 (killed in action)[36]
- 11 September - Thomas Lemuel James, Welsh-American banker and U.S. Postmaster-General, 85[41]
- 28 September (in Bath, Somerset) - Richard Thomas, industrialist, 78[42]
- 7 October - Leigh Richmond Roose, footballer, 38 (killed in action)[43]
- 11 October - David Richard Thomas, clergyman and historian, 83[44]
- 31 October - John Rolls, 2nd Baron Llangattock, 46 (killed in action)[45]
- 12 November - Sir Walter Morgan, 1st Baronet, banker and Lord Mayor of London, 85 [46]
- 14 November - William Davies, footballer, 61
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Rhys, James Ednyfed (1959). "Rees, Evan (Dyfed; 1850-1923), Calvinistic Methodist minister, poet, and archdruid of Wales". Dictionary of Welsh Biography. National Library of Wales. Retrieved 2 August 2018.
- ^ Dod's Peerage, Baronetage and Knightage of Great Britain and Ireland, Including All the Titled Classes. Dod. 1921. p. 356.
- ^ National Museum of Wales (1935). Adroddiad Blynyddol. The Museum. p. 3.
- ^ The county families of the United Kingdom; or, Royal manual of the titled and untitled aristocracy of England, Wales, Scotland, and Ireland. Dalcassian Publishing Company. 1860. p. 443.
- ^ Potter, Matthew (2016). The concept of the 'master' in art education in Britain and Ireland, 1770 to the present. Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge. p. 149. ISBN 9781351545471.
- ^ Ivor Bulmer-Thomas (1936). Gladstone of Hawarden: A Memoir of Henry Neville, Lord Gladstone of Hawarden. Murray. p. 197.
- ^ Davies, Sir William Llewelyn. "Williams family, of Bron Eryri, later called Castell Deudraeth, Meirionnydd". Dictionary of Welsh Biography. National Library of Wales. Retrieved 30 January 2020.
- ^ Joseph Whitaker, ed. (1913). Whitaker's Almanack. Whitaker's Almanack. p. 847.
- ^ Burke's Genealogical and Heraldic History of Peerage, Baronetage and Knightage. Burke's Peerage Limited. 1925. p. 2437.
- ^ Havard, William Thomas. "Hughes, Joshua (1807-1889), bishop". Dictionary of Welsh Biography. National Library of Wales. Retrieved 26 October 2021.
- ^ Who was Who 1897–2007, 1991, ISBN 978-0-19-954087-7
- ^ Thomas Iorwerth Ellis (1959). "Owen, John (1854-1926), bishop". Dictionary of Welsh Biography. National Library of Wales. Retrieved 19 March 2022.
- ^ Emyr Wyn Jones (2001). "Rees, Sir John Milsom (1866-1952), surgeon and laryngologist". Dictionary of Welsh Biography. National Library of Wales. Retrieved 18 June 2024.
- ^ "HMAS J4". Royal Australian Navy. Retrieved 13 March 2011.
- ^ Jenkins, David (2002). A Refuge in Peace and War: The National Library of Wales to 1952. Aberystwyth: National Library of Wales. p. 168. ISBN 1-86225-034-0.
- ^ Preston, Antony (1985). "Great Britain and Empire Forces". In Gray, Randal (ed.). Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1906–1921. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. p. 59. ISBN 0-85177-245-5.
- ^ Andrew Gordon (1996). The Rules of the Game: Jutland and British Naval Command. London: John Murray. ISBN 0-7195-5076-9.
- ^ "The Miners' Wages". Western Mail. Cardiff. 10 June 1916. p. 4.
- ^ "Frongoch". Retrieved 8 January 2018.
- ^ "Mametz Wood: The Welsh attack and its legacy". BBC News. 4 July 2016. Retrieved 26 August 2018.
- ^ "Government Takes Welsh Coal Mines". The New York Times. 30 November 1916. p. 1.
- ^ "Miners' Wages". The Labour Voice. 9 December 1915. p. 1. Retrieved 27 September 2022.
- ^ Gilbert, Bentley (1992). David Lloyd George: A Political Life: Organizer of Victory, 1912–1916. Ohio State University Press.
- ^ South Wales Daily News, 4 July 1918
- ^ "Winners of the Chair". National Eisteddfod of Wales. 3 October 2019.[permanent dead link]
- ^ Fletcher, Bill. "Joan Elizabeth Curran, Lady Curran (1916–1999)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/71958. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
- ^ "Leading man Glenn Ford dies at 90". The Independent. 31 August 2006. Archived from the original on 1 May 2022. Retrieved 26 August 2018.
- ^ Journal of the Royal Society of Arts. Society. 1985. p. 340.
- ^ Brown, Betty Ann (1997). "Sleigh, Sylvia". In Gaze, Delia (ed.). Dictionary of Women Artists. Vol. 2. London: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers. pp. 1280–1281.
- ^ D. H. Lawrence (2002). The First 'Women in Love'. Cambridge University Press. p. 464. ISBN 9780521007092.
- ^ Donald Evans (16 December 1991). Rhydwen Williams. University of Wales Press. p. 6.
- ^ Philip Howard, "Dahl, Roald (1916–1990)", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004.
- ^ Jones, David Lewis. "Cledwyn Hughes, Baron Cledwyn of Penrhos". Dictionary of Welsh Biography. Retrieved 7 June 2019.
- ^ "WJ Gruffydd: Writer who helped keep alive the Welsh tradition". The Independent. London. 20 July 2011. Retrieved 11 May 2022.
- ^ Williams, Edward Ivor (1959). "Reynolds, Jonathan Owain (Nathan Dyfed, 1814–1891), author". Dictionary of Welsh Biography. National Library of Wales. Retrieved 10 March 2009.
- ^ a b c d e Robin Turner (25 May 2014). "World War One: The Wales rugby internationals who died on the battlefield". WalesOnline. Retrieved 14 October 2019.
- ^ Anne Marsh Penton. "'Little Tommy': 16th June 1895 – 18th March 1916". Siegfried's Journal. Siegfried Sassoon Fellowship: 9–17. ISSN 1758-5856.
- ^ George Edward Cokayne (1932). The Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom: Lindley to Moate. St. Catherine Press Limited. p. 99.
- ^ William Llewelyn Davies (1959). "REES, SARAH JANE (Cranogwen; 1839-1916), schoolmistress, poet, editor, temperance advocate". Dictionary of Welsh Biography. National Library of Wales. Retrieved 8 February 2019.
- ^ Nicholls, Roberta. "Eveline Willett Cunnington". Dictionary of New Zealand Biography. Ministry for Culture and Heritage. Retrieved 23 April 2017.
- ^ Sobel, Robert; et al. (24 July 1990). Biographical Directory of the United States Executive Branch, 1774-1989. Greenwood Publishing Group. ISBN 0-313-26593-3.
- ^ Watkin William Price (1959). "THOMAS, RICHARD (1838-1916), industrialist". Dictionary of Welsh Biography. National Library of Wales. Retrieved 8 February 2019.
- ^ Manchester, Reading Room. "Casualty Details".
- ^ Jenkins, Robert Thomas. "Thomas, David Richard (1833–1916), cleric and historian". Dictionary of Welsh Biography. National Library of Wales. Retrieved 5 November 2008.
- ^ Obituary, The Times 2 November 1916; Issue 41314
- ^ Robert Thomas Jenkins (1959). "MORGAN, Sir WALTER VAUGHAN (1831-1916), lord mayor of London". Dictionary of Welsh Biography. National Library of Wales. Retrieved 8 February 2019.