Yevgeny Dragunov
Yevgeny F. Dragunov | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Born | Yevgeny Fyodorovich Dragunov February 20, 1920 |
| Died | August 4, 1991 (aged 71) |
| Nationality | Russian |
| Occupation | firearms designer |
| Known for | Helping to invent the Dragunov sniper rifle |
Yevgeny Fyodorovich Dragunov (Russian: Евге́ний Фёдорович Драгуно́в; February 20, 1920 – August 4, 1991) was a Soviet weapons designer, best known for his role in helping invent the semi-automatic rifle bearing his name, the Dragunov sniper rifle.[1]
Early life and education
[edit]Coming from a family of gunsmiths,[2] Dragunov worked as a factory machinist before beginning military service in 1939.
Career
[edit]After 1941, Dragunov was a senior armorer working for the Soviet Union and also captured enemy weapons during wartime. After 1945, he returned to Izhevsk and joined the Arms Design Bureau, working as a project engineer on sporting and civilian target rifles through the 1950s. One of these, the Biathlon target rifle, went on to the Olympic Gold. In 1959, Dragunov submitted his design for a military sniper rifle, the SVD, which was accepted into Soviet military service in 1963 and later became known as the Dragunov rifle.[3]
Dragunov also participated in the competition that led to the adoption of AKS-74U with a gas-operated design called MA (malokalibernii avtomat). Although Dragunov's avtomat was comparable in performance to Kalashnikov's, the latter had the advantage of sharing some parts with the AK-74 rifle already in production. The non-metallic parts of the MA were made of polyamides. The MA was Dragunov's last major design.[4][5] The trigger mechanism used in the MA was fairly similar to the one previously used in his PP-71 sub-machine gun,.[4]
Awards
[edit]- Order of the Badge of Honour (1957)[2]
- the Lenin Prize (1963)[2]
- the State Prize of the Russian Federation (1992, posthumously)[2][6]
Inventions
[edit]- TsV-50 (ЦВ-50) - target rifle[2]
- MTsV-50 (МЦВ-50) - target rifle[2]
- TsV-55 "Zenith" (ЦВ-55 "Зенит") - 7.62mm target rifle[2]
- MTsV-55 "Strela" (МЦВ-55 "Стрела") - 5.6mm target rifle[2]
- MTsV-56 "Taiga"[2] - 5.6mm lightweight bolt-action target rifle (in 1959 it was awarded the silver medal of the VDNKh exhibition)[7]
- SVD - 7.62mm semi-automatic sniper rifle[2]
- PP-71 - 9mm submachine gun[2][8]
References
[edit]- ^ Chivers, C. J. (2011). The Gun. New York: Simon and Schuster. p. 16. ISBN 978-0-7432-7173-8.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Драгунов Евгений Фёдорович // Большая Российская Энциклопедия / редколл., гл. ред. Ю. С. Осипов. том 9. М., научное издательство "Большая Российская Энциклопедия", 2007.
- ^ Shilin, Valery N. (1996). "Dragunov The Man Behind the Rifle". Soldier of Fortune Magazine. 26 (12). Boulder, Colorado.
- ^ a b "МА - малокалиберный автомат" КАЛАШНИКОВ. ОРУЖИЕ, БОЕПРИПАСЫ, СНАРЯЖЕНИЕ 2000/1, pp. 26-30
- ^ From Dragunov MA to AM-17 – how rejected designs become future weapons
- ^ Юрий Пономарёв, СВД постскриптум, Kalashnikov magazine, 2005/3, p. 82
- ^ Конструктивные разработки Е. Ф. Драгунова // журнал "Оружие", № 7, 2000. стр.7-11
- ^ Сергей Монетчиков, ОРУЖИЕ СПЕЦНАЗА: Малогабаритные пистолеты-пулемёты, Bratishka, April 2003