Wikipedia:WikiProject U.S. Congress/Senate seniority table sandbox

Notes

This sandbox is designed to craft the table for the next Congress. In this case, the 119th United States Congress beginning January 3, 2025.
This list assumes all incumbents are re-elected unless they are retiring of have already lost re-election.

Current seniority list

The president pro tempore of the Senate is traditionally the most senior member of the majority party. Only relevant factors are listed below. For senators whose seniority is based on their states' respective populations, the state population ranking is given as determined by the relevant United States Census.^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]

Current rank	Historical rank^[a]^[5]	Senator	Party		State	Seniority date	Other factors	Committee and leadership positions
1	1743	Chuck Grassley		Republican	Iowa	January 3, 1981		President pro tempore emeritus Ranking Member: Budget Ranking Member: Narcotics Caucus
2	1766	Mitch McConnell		Republican	Kentucky	January 3, 1985		Senate Minority Leader
3	1810	Patty Murray		Democratic	Washington	January 3, 1993		President pro tempore Chair: Appropriations
4	1827	Ron Wyden			Oregon	February 6, 1996		Chair: Finance
5	1831	Dick Durbin			Illinois	January 3, 1997	Former House member (14 years)	Senate Majority Whip Chair: Judiciary
6	1835	Jack Reed			Rhode Island		Former House member (6 years)	Chair: Armed Services
7	1842	Susan Collins		Republican	Maine			Ranking Member: Appropriations
8	1844	Chuck Schumer		Democratic	New York	January 3, 1999	Former House member (18 years)	Senate Majority Leader
9	1846	Mike Crapo		Republican	Idaho	January 3, 1999	Former House member (6 years)	Republican Chief Deputy Whip Ranking Member: Finance
10	1859	Maria Cantwell^[b]		Democratic	Washington	January 3, 2001		Chair: Commerce
11	1867	John Cornyn		Republican	Texas	December 2, 2002
12	1868	Lisa Murkowski			Alaska	December 20, 2002^[c]		Ranking Member: Indian Affairs
13	1870	Lindsey Graham			South Carolina	January 3, 2003		Ranking Member: Judiciary
14	1879	John Thune			South Dakota	January 3, 2005		Senate Minority Whip
15	1887	Bernie Sanders		Independent	Vermont	January 3, 2007	Former House member (16 years)	Chair: Democratic Outreach Committee Chair: HELP
16	1893	Amy Klobuchar		Democratic	Minnesota		Minnesota 21st in population (2000)	Chair: Democratic Steering Committee Chair: Rules
17	1894	Sheldon Whitehouse		Democratic	Rhode Island		Rhode Island 43rd in population (2000)	Chair: Budget Chair: Narcotics Caucus
18	1896	John Barrasso		Republican	Wyoming	June 22, 2007^[c]		Chair: Republican Conference Ranking Member: Energy
19	1897	Roger Wicker		Republican	Mississippi	December 31, 2007^[c]		Ranking Member: Armed Services
20	1901	Jeanne Shaheen		Democratic	New Hampshire	January 3, 2009	Former governor (6 years)	Vice Chair: Democratic Steering Committee Chair: Small Business
21	1902	Mark Warner		Democratic	Virginia		Former governor (4 years)	Vice Chair: Democratic Caucus Chair: Intelligence
22	1903	Jim Risch		Republican	Idaho		Former governor (7 months)	Ranking Member: Foreign Relations
23	1905	Jeff Merkley		Democratic	Oregon			Democratic Chief Deputy Whip
24	1909	Michael Bennet			Colorado	January 21, 2009^[c]
25	1910	Kirsten Gillibrand			New York	January 26, 2009^[c]
26	1917	Chris Coons			Delaware	November 15, 2010		Chair: Ethics
27	1920	Jerry Moran		Republican	Kansas	January 3, 2011	Former House member (14 years)	Ranking Member: Veterans' Affairs
28	1922	John Boozman			Arkansas		Former House member (9 years)	Ranking Member: Agriculture
29	1924	John Hoeven			North Dakota		Former governor
30	1925	Marco Rubio			Florida		Florida 4th in population (2000)	Vice Chair: Intelligence
31	1926	Ron Johnson			Wisconsin		Wisconsin 20th in population (2000)
32	1927	Rand Paul			Kentucky		Kentucky 25th in population (2000)	Ranking Member: Homeland Security
33	1928	Richard Blumenthal		Democratic	Connecticut		Connecticut 29th in population (2000)
34	1929	Mike Lee		Republican	Utah		Utah 34th in population (2000)	Chair: Republican Steering Committee
35	1932	Brian Schatz		Democratic	Hawaii	December 26, 2012^[c]		Deputy Secretary: Democratic Caucus Chair: Indian Affairs
36	1933	Tim Scott		Republican	South Carolina	January 2, 2013^[c]		Ranking Member: Banking
37	1934	Tammy Baldwin		Democratic	Wisconsin	January 3, 2013	Former House member (14 years)	Secretary: Democratic Caucus
38	1937	Chris Murphy			Connecticut		Former House member (6 years); Connecticut 29th in population (2010)
39	1938	Mazie Hirono			Hawaii		Former House member (6 years); Hawaii 40th in population (2010)
40	1939	Martin Heinrich			New Mexico		Former House member (4 years)
41	1940	Angus King		Independent	Maine		Former governor (8 years)
42	1941	Tim Kaine		Democratic	Virginia		Former governor (4 years)
43	1942	Ted Cruz		Republican	Texas		Texas 2nd in population (2010)	Ranking Member: Commerce
44	1943	Elizabeth Warren		Democratic	Massachusetts		Massachusetts 14th in population (2010)	Vice Chair: Democratic Caucus
45	1944	Deb Fischer		Republican	Nebraska		Nebraska 38th in population (2010)	Ranking Member: Rules
46	1948	Ed Markey		Democratic	Massachusetts	July 16, 2013
47	1949	Cory Booker		Democratic	New Jersey	October 31, 2013		Vice Chair: Democratic Policy Committee
48	1951	Shelley Moore Capito		Republican	West Virginia	January 3, 2015	Former House member (14 years)	Vice Chair: Republican Conference Ranking Member: Environment
49	1952	Gary Peters		Democratic	Michigan		Former House member (6 years); Michigan 8th in population (2010)	Chair: DSCC Chair: Homeland Security
50	1953	Bill Cassidy		Republican	Louisiana		Former House member (6 years); Louisiana 25th in population (2010)	Ranking Member: HELP
51	1955	James Lankford			Oklahoma		Former House member (4 years)	Ranking Member: Ethics
52	1956	Tom Cotton			Arkansas		Former House member (2 years); Arkansas 32nd in population (2010)
53	1957	Steve Daines			Montana		Former House member (2 years); Montana 44th in population (2010)	Chair: NRSC
54	1958	Mike Rounds			South Dakota		Former governor
55	1960	Thom Tillis			North Carolina		North Carolina 10th in population (2010)
56	1961	Joni Ernst			Iowa		Iowa 30th in population (2010)	Chair: Republican Policy Committee Ranking Member: Small Business
57	1963	Dan Sullivan			Alaska		Alaska 47th in population (2010)
58	1964	Chris Van Hollen		Democratic	Maryland	January 3, 2017	Former House member (14 years)
59	1965	Todd Young		Republican	Indiana		Former House member (6 years)
60	1966	Tammy Duckworth		Democratic	Illinois		Former House member (4 years)
61	1967	Maggie Hassan		Democratic	New Hampshire		Former governor
62	1969	John Neely Kennedy		Republican	Louisiana		Louisiana 25th in population (2010)
63	1970	Catherine Cortez Masto		Democratic	Nevada		Nevada 35th in population (2010)	Vice Chair: Democratic Outreach Committee
64	1972	Tina Smith		Democratic	Minnesota	January 3, 2018^[c]		Vice Chair: DSCC
65	1974	Cindy Hyde-Smith		Republican	Mississippi	April 2, 2018^[c]
66	1975	Marsha Blackburn			Tennessee	January 3, 2019	Former House member (16 years)
67	1977	Kevin Cramer			North Dakota		Former House member (6 years)
68	1979	Jacky Rosen		Democratic	Nevada		Former House member (2 years)
69	1982	Josh Hawley		Republican	Missouri
70	1983	Rick Scott		Republican	Florida	January 8, 2019
71	1985	Mark Kelly		Democratic	Arizona	December 2, 2020
72	1986	Ben Ray Luján		Democratic	New Mexico	January 3, 2021	Former House member (12 years)
73	1987	Cynthia Lummis		Republican	Wyoming		Former House member (8 years)
74	1988	Roger Marshall		Republican	Kansas		Former House member (4 years)
75	1989	John Hickenlooper		Democratic	Colorado		Former governor
76	1990	Bill Hagerty		Republican	Tennessee		Tennessee 17th in population (2010)
77	1991	Tommy Tuberville		Republican	Alabama		Alabama 23rd in population (2010)
78	1992	Alex Padilla		Democratic	California	January 18, 2021^[c]		Vice Chair: DSCC
79	1993	Jon Ossoff			Georgia	January 20, 2021	'O' 15th letter of the alphabet^[6]
80	1994	Raphael Warnock			Georgia	January 20, 2021	'W' 23rd letter of the alphabet^[6]
81	1995	Peter Welch			Vermont	January 3, 2023	Former House member (16 years)
82	1996	Markwayne Mullin		Republican	Oklahoma		Former House member (10 years)
83	1997	Ted Budd		Republican	North Carolina		Former House member (6 years)
84	1998	John Fetterman		Democratic	Pennsylvania		Pennsylvania 5th in population (2020)
85	1999	J. D. Vance^[d]		Republican	Ohio		Ohio 7th in population (2020)
86	2000	Eric Schmitt			Missouri		Missouri 19th in population (2020)
87	2001	Katie Britt			Alabama		Alabama 24th in population (2020)
88	2002	Pete Ricketts			Nebraska	January 12, 2023^[c]
89	2005	Andy Kim		Democratic	New Jersey	TBD^[c]
90	2006	Adam Schiff			California	TBD December
91	2007	Ruben Gallego			Arizona	January 3, 2025	Former House member (10 years)
92	2008	Jim Banks		Republican	Indiana		Former House member (8 years); Indiana 17th in population (2020)
93	2009	John Curtis		Republican	Utah		Former House member (8 years); Utah 31st in population (2020)
94	2010	Lisa Blunt Rochester		Democratic	Delaware		Former House member (8 years); Delaware 46th in population (2020)
95	2011	Elissa Slotkin		Democratic	Michigan		Former House member (6 years)
96	2012	Jim Justice		Republican	West Virginia		Former Governor
97	2013	David McCormick			Pennsylvania		Pennsylvania 5th in population (2020)
98	2014	Bernie Moreno			Ohio		Ohio 7th in population (2020)
99	2015	Angela Alsobrooks		Democratic	Maryland		Maryland 18th in population (2020)
100	2016	Tim Sheehy		Republican	Montana		Montana 45th in population (2020)
Rank	Historical rank^[a]^[5]	Senator	Party		State	Seniority date	Other factors	Committee and leadership positions

Notes

^ ^a ^b "Historical rank" refers to the Senator's seniority over the entire history of the Senate since 1789. This is an absolute number that does not change from one Congress to the next.
^ Maria Cantwell (#10) is the Senate's most senior junior senator.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l The seniority date for an appointed senator is the date of the appointment, not necessarily the date of taking the oath of office. See Determining the beginning of a term, above.
^ J. D. Vance (#85) is the Senate's most junior senior senator.

References

^ 1981 U.S Census Report Contains 1980 Census results.
^ 1991 U.S Census Report Contains 1990 Census results.
^ American FactFinder, United States Census Bureau. "2000 Census State Population Rankings". Factfinder.census.gov. Retrieved May 28, 2010.
^ Resident Population Data (Text Version) - 2010 Census Contains 1910 to 2010 results by state and census region
^ ^a ^b Cite error: The named reference chronolist was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ ^a ^b Wooten, Nick (January 20, 2021). "Will Ossoff or Warnock be Georgia's senior senator? The answer is a simple one". Ledger-Enquirer. Archived from the original on January 23, 2021. Retrieved January 25, 2021.

[rank-5] "Historical rank" refers to the Senator's seniority over the entire history of the Senate since 1789. This is an absolute number that does not change from one Congress to the next.

[7] Maria Cantwell (#10) is the Senate's most senior junior senator.

[Appointment-8] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l The seniority date for an appointed senator is the date of the appointment, not necessarily the date of taking the oath of office. See Determining the beginning of a term, above.

[10] J. D. Vance (#85) is the Senate's most junior senior senator.

[1] 1981 U.S Census Report Contains 1980 Census results.

[2] 1991 U.S Census Report Contains 1990 Census results.

[3] American FactFinder, United States Census Bureau. "2000 Census State Population Rankings". Factfinder.census.gov. Retrieved May 28, 2010.

[4] Resident Population Data (Text Version) - 2010 Census Contains 1910 to 2010 results by state and census region

[chronolist-6] Cite error: The named reference chronolist was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[Georgia-9] Wooten, Nick (January 20, 2021). "Will Ossoff or Warnock be Georgia's senior senator? The answer is a simple one". Ledger-Enquirer. Archived from the original on January 23, 2021. Retrieved January 25, 2021.

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