Wikipedia:WikiProject Missing encyclopedic articles/DNB Epitome 35

This listing page belongs to Wikipedia:WikiProject Dictionary of National Biography, spun out of the “missing article” project, and is concerned with checking whether Wikipedia has articles for all those listed in the Dictionary of National Biography (DNB), a 63-volume British biographical dictionary published 1885-1900 and now in the public domain. This page relates to volume 35 running from name MacCarwell to name Maltby.

Scope of the subproject:

It is envisaged that the following work will be done:

Checks made that links on this page point to a wikipedia article about the same person;
Addition of new articles for all red-links based on DNB text;
Checking whether blue-linked articles would benefit from additional text from DNB.

Listings are posted as bulleted lists, with footnotes taken from the DNB summaries published in 1904. The listings and notes are taken from scanned text that is often corrupt and in need of correction. Not all the entries on the list correspond to actual DNB articles; some are “redirects” and there are a few articles devoted to families rather than individuals.

If you are engaged in this work you will probably find quite a number of unreferenced articles among the blue links. You are also encouraged to mention the DNB as a reference on such articles whenever they correspond to the summary, as part of the broader campaign for good sourcing. A suggested template is {{DNB}}.

Locating the full text:

DNB text is now available on Wikisource for all first edition articles, on the page s:Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Vol 35 MacCarwell - Maltby. Names here are not inverted, as they are in the original: Joe Bloggs would be found at Wikisource s:Bloggs, Joe (DNB00). The text for the first supplement is available too: NB that this Epitome listing includes those supplement articles also.

List maintenance and protocols:

List maintenance tasks are to check and manipulate links in the list with piping or descriptive parenthetical disambiguators, and to mark list entries with templates to denote their status; whilst as far as possible retaining the original DNB names:

piping: [[Charles Abbot]] -> [[Charles Abbot, 1st Baron Colchester|Charles Abbot]]
descriptive parenthetical disambiguators [[Charles Abbot]] -> [[Charles Abbot (botanist)]]
both combined [[Charles Abbot]] -> [[Charles Abbot (botanist)|Charles Abbot]]

The work involves:

Checking that bluelinks link to the correct person; if so, {{tick}} them. If not, try to find the correct article and pipe or disambiguate the link.
Check whether redlinks can be linked to an article by piping or disambiguation.
Create articles based on the DNB text for redlinks for which no wikipedia article can be found
Check whether existing blue-linked articles could benefit from an input of DNB text (e.g. the article is a stub), and if so, update the article from DNB

A number of templates are provided to mark-up entries:

{{mnl}} the link runs to a wrong person; - produces the text: ^{[link currently leads to a wrong person]}. It is preferable to amend the link by adding a disambiguator to make it red, if an article for the correct person cannot be found
{{dn}} the link runs to a dab page - produces the text ^{[disambiguation needed]}. It is preferable to amend the link by adding a disambiguator to make it red, if an article for the correct person cannot be found
{{tick}} the link has been checked and runs to the correct person - Y
{{tick}} {{tick}} the text of the linked article has been checked against DNB text and would not benefit from additional DNB text - Y Y
{{tick}} {{cross}} the text of the linked article looks short enough to suggest it would benefit from additional DNB text - Y N

Note that before creating new articles based on DNB text you should undertake searches to check that the article's subject does not already have an article. It is easily possible that the disambiguation used in this page is not the disambiguation used in an existing wikipedia article. Equally, feel free to improve upon the disambiguation used in redlinks on this page by amending them.

Supplement articles:

Because of the provenance of the listing, a number of the original articles will not in fact be in the announced volume, but in one of the three supplement volumes published in 1901. Since the DNB did not include articles about living people, this will be the case whenever the date of death is after the publication date of the attributed volume. In due course there will be a separate listing.

General thoughts:

This project is intended as a new generation in “merging encyclopedias”, as well as being one of the most ambitious attempted. For general ideas of where we are, and some justification of the approach being taken, see the essay Wikipedia:Merging encyclopedias.

Helpful access templates:

helpful templates

There are two templates to help link to the correct page: {{Cite DNBIE}} and {{DNBIE}}. The page number automatically link to the correct url for the page at the Internet Archive site.

{{Cite DNBIE|title=Dove, John|page=358}}

Lee, Sidney, ed. (1903). "Dove, John". Index and Epitome. Dictionary of National Biography. Cambridge University Press. p. 358.

and

{{DNBIE|title=Dove, John|page=358}}

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Lee, Sidney, ed. (1903). "Dove, John". Index and Epitome. Dictionary of National Biography. Cambridge University Press. p. 358.

if a wstitle= parameter is used in place of title= then the templates also link the DNB article on Wikisource:

{{cite DNBIE|wstitle=Dove, John (d.1665?)|page=358}}

Lee, Sidney, ed. (1903). "Dove, John (d.1665?)". Index and Epitome. Dictionary of National Biography. Cambridge University Press. p. 358.

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38

39

42

43

56 Notes

^ David Maccarwell or Maccerbhail (d. 1289), archbishop of Cashel: dean of Cash el; elected archbishop, 1253; involved in disputes with the crown, 1266-81; founded the Cistercian abbey of the Rock of Cashel, c. 1270.
^ Alexander M'Caul (1799-1863), divine: B.A. Trinity College, Dublin, 1819; M.A., 1831; D.D., 1837; in Poland under the London Society for promoting Christianity among the Jews, 1821-32; settled in London; published Old Path, a weekly pamphlet on Jewish ritual, 1837-8; principal of the Hebrew College, 1840; professor of Hebrew and rabbinical literature at King's College, London, 1841, and of divinity also, 1846; prebendary of St. Paul's, 1845: published a Hebrew Primer 1844, and religious works.
^ Dominick McCausland (1806-1873), religions writer: B.A. Trinity College, Dublin; called to the Irish bar, 1835: LL.D., 1859; Q.O., 1860; published religions works, the most popular being Sermons in Stones 1856.
^ Robert Murray McCheyne (1813-1843), Scottish divine; educated at Edinburgh University; licensed as a preacher, 1835; a member of the committee sent to Palestine by the church of Scotland to collect information about the Jews, 1839; published (jointly with Dr. Andrew Bonar) * Narrative of a Mission of Inquiry to the Jews 1842; a fine preacher: several of his hymns constantly used in the Scottish churches.
^ Earls of Macclesfield . See GERARD, CHARLES, flrst EARL, d. 1694; GERARD, CHARLES, second EARL, 16597-1701; PARKER, THOMAS, first EARL of the second creation, 1666?-1732; PARKER, GEORGE, second EARL, 1697-1764.
^ John McCluer (d. 1794?), commander in the Bombay marine and hydrographer; surveyed Persian Golf, the bank of soundings off Bombay, the Pelew islands, the Sulu Archipelago, and part of the New Guinea coast, 1785-93; settled in the Pelew islands, 1793; sailed for China, taken ill at Macao, eventually sailed for Calcutta, and was never again heard of.
^ Sir Robert John Le Mesurier McClure (1807-1873), vice-admiral; educated at Eton and Sandhurst; entered navy, 1824; made an Arctic voyage, 18361837; lieutenant, 1837; served in Canada, 1838-9, the West Indies, 1839-48; commander in the search for Sir John Franklin, 1850-4; discovered the NorthWest passage, but had to abandon his ship, 1854; courtmartialled and honourably acquitted; knighted and made captain: served in China and the Straits of Malacca, 1856-61; C.B., 1859; vice-admiral on the retired list, 1873.
^ John Maccodrum (. 1750), Gaelic poet; last bard of the Macdonalds: his satirical and political verses, the most popular being Old Age and * Whisky never collected. xxxv. 5J
^ Erard Maccoisse, or Urard (d. 1023), Irish chronicler; poet to Maelsechlaiun or Malachy II (. 1022); five poems and one prose composition in Irish, partly historical, attributed to him; sometimes confused with another MacCoisse, who wrote a poem preserved in the Book of Leinster.
^ William McComb (1793-1873), poet; bookseller in Belfast, 1828-64; established McComb's Presbyterian Almanac 1840; his Poetical Works collected, 1864.
^ William McCombie (1809-1870), journalist: began to write while a farm labourer, 1835: joined North of Scotland Gazette 1849; editedAberdeen Daily Free Press 1853-70; published miscellaneous works, 1838-69.
^ William McCombie (1805-1880), cattle-breeder: educated at Aberdeen University: reformed cattle-breeding, and was one of the largest farmers in Aberdeenshire; M.I, West Aberdeen, 1868-76; published Cattle and Cattle-Breeders 1867.
^ Gillabrighde Macconmidhe (fl.–1260), historian and poet; hereditary poet to the O'Neills; his chief work a lament on the death of Brian O'Neill, flrst printed I with an English translation, 1849. Other literary member ol the family lived between 1420 and 1583.
^ William McConnell (1833-1867), humorous book-illustrator.
^ Henry Maccormac (1800–1886), physician; studied at Dublin, Paris, and Edinburgh: M.D. Edinburgh, 1834; in charge of the Belfast hospitals during the cholera, 1832; retired from practice, 1866: author of medical works, many of which advocate the fresh-air treatment of consumption.
^ Charles McCormick (1755?-1807), historian and biographer: educated at St. Mary Hall, Oxford; B.C.L., 1794; abandoned law for literature: continued Hume and Smollett's histories to 1783, and wrote a Memoir of Edmund Burke famous for its party virulence, 1797.
^ Joseph Maccormick (1733–1799), Scottish divine ; M.A. St. Andrews University, 1750; ordained, 1758: D.D., 1760; edited the State Papers and Letters addressed to William Carstares, to which is prefixed the Life of William Carstares 1774: moderator to the general assembly, 1782; principal of the United College of St. Andrews, 1783: dean of the Chapel Royal, London, 1788.
^ Robert McCormick (1800-1890), naval surgeon, explorer and naturalist; entered the navy as assistant surgeon, 1823; served on various stations; accompanied the Antarctic expedition commanded by Captain Sir James Clark Ross, 1839-43; conducted a search for Sir John Franklin. 1852: publishedNarrative of a Boat Expedition up the Wellington Channel 1854; deputyinspector of hospitals, 1859; published Voyages of Discorery in the Arctic and Antarctic Seas and round the World 2 vols. 1884.
^ James McCosh (1811-1894), philosopher: educated at Glasgow and Edinburgh: M.A. Edinburgh, 1834; licensed by presbytery of Ayrshire; officiated at Arbroath, 1835-8, and Brechin, 1838-50: adopted free-kirk principles; published Method of the Divine Government 1850; professor of logic at Queen's College, Belfast, 18511868; president of Princeton College, New Jersey, 1868IMI,Mlil professor of philosophy, 1868, till death; LL.D. Aberdeen, 1850, and Harvard, 1868: Litt.D. Queen's College, Belfast, and D.D. His publications include 'Intuitions of the Mind inductively investigated 1860, Laws of Discursive Thought 1870, Scottish Philosophy 1874, and Psychology 1886-7.
^ Sir Frederick McCoy (1823-1899), naturalist and geologist; studied medicine at Dublin and Cambridge; employed by Sir Richard John Griffith to make palieontological investigations required for theGeological Map of Ireland: professor of mineralogy aud geology, Queen's College, Belfast; professor of natural science in new university of Melbourne, 1854: founded National Museum of Natural History and Geology, Melbourne: F.G.S., 1862; F.R.S., 1880; hou. D.Sc. Cambridge, 1880: K.C.M.G., 1891. He arranged and issued, 1854, description of fossils in Woodwardian Museum, Cambridge, and published zoological and palaeontological works.
^ Henry Joy McCracken (1767-1798), United Irishman: lielped to form the first society of United Irishmen in Belfast, 1791; commanded the rebels in co. Antrim, 1798; tried aud executed.
^ John Maccreery (1768–1832), printer and poet wrote anil printed in Liverpool The Press: a ioein published a* a specimen of Typography 1803 (second part piibh-hwl in London, 1827): removed to London, where he printed the Bibliomania for Dibdin; died in Paris.
^ Thomas McCrie, the elder (1772-1835) Scottish seceding divine and ecclesiastical historian: entered Edinburgh University, 1788: ordained. 1796: ejected from his pastorate, 1809: published his Life of John Knox (1812), a work of genius and erudition: D.D., 1813: professor of divinity, Edinburgh, 1816-18: published a history of the reformation in Italy, 1827, in Spain, 1829; and other biographical and historical works.
^ Thomas McCrie, the younger (1797-1875), Scottish divine and author; son of Thomas McCrie the elder; educated at Edinburgh University; ordained, 820; D.D. Aberdeen, and LL.D. Glasgow before 1810: profeMor of church history and systematic thcology at the London ColUe of the Enelish Presbyterian Church 1856-66; published historical and religious works 18401872.
^ James Maccuairt (fl. 1712), Irish poet: became blind early; composed Irish poems and songs.
^ James McCullagh (1809-1847), mathematician; educated at Trinity College, Dublin: professor of mathematics, Dublin University, 1836; secretary of council to the Royal Irish Academy, 1840-2, aud secretary to the Academy, 1842-6: professor of natural philosophy, 1843; committed suicide. The most important of his scanty remains is the memoir on surfaces of the second order, read to the Royal Irish Academy, 1843.
^ Horatio Macculloch (1805–1867), landscapepainter; pupil of William Home Lizars: associate of the Scottish Academy, 1834; academician, 1838; the most popular landscape-painter of his day in Scotland; exhibited only once at Royal Academy, London, 1844.
^ Sir James McCulloch (1819-1893), Australian politician; opened a branch of Messrs. Dennistoun & Go's business in Melbourne, 1853: nominee member of the Victoria chamber, 1854; member of the first elective legislative assembly, 1857; formed a government, of which he held the portfolio of trades aud customs, 1857; resigned, and was elected member for East Melbourne, 1858; treasurer, 1859-60: member for Mornington, 1862: premier, 1863-8, 1868-9, 1870-1, 1875-7; knighted, 1869; agent-general in London, 1872-3; K.C.M.G., 1874; settled finally in England, 1877.
^ John Macculloch (1773–1835), geologist : studied medicine at Edinburgh; M.D.,1793; chemist to the board of ordnance, 1803; L.R.C.P., 1808: gave up practice as a physician, 1811; geologist to the trigonometrical survey, 1814; president of the Geological Society, 1816-17; F.R.S., 1820; commissioned to prepare a geological map of Scotland (published shortly after his death), 1826: chief works, A Description of the Western Isles of Scotland, including the Isle of Man still a classic in geology, 1819,A Geological Classification of Rocks 1821, and Highlands and Western Isles of Scotland 1824.
^ John Ramsay McCulloch (1789-1864), statistician and political economist: educated at Edinburgh University; devoted himself to the study of economics and wrote the articles on that subject for theScotsman 1817-27; edited the Scotsman, 1 1818-20; contributed to the Edinburgh Review 1818-37; delivered the Ricardo memorial lectures in London, 1824; published Principles of Political Economy 1825; professor of political economy, London University, 1828-32; expounded the celebratedwagesfund theory in anEssay on the Circumstances which determine the Rate of Wages and the Condition of the Labouring Classes 1826: published A Dictionary, Practical, Theoretical, and Historical, of Commerce and Commercial Navigation 1832, and a number of statistical and economical works between 1841 and 1860: comptroller of the stationery office, 1838-64.
^ William McCulloch (1816-1885), resident at Manipur: son of John Ramsay McOulloch: entered the army, 1834; employed in India, 1835-67; political agent at Manipur, 1845-63, and 1864-7; retired from the army as lieutenant-colonel, 1861; published Account of the Valley of Munnipore and the Hill Tribes 1859.
^ Andrew Maccurtin (in Irish MacCruitin) (d. 1749), Irish poet: hereditary ollamh to the O'Briens: two of his poems, one in praise of Sorley MacDonnell (written, c. 1720), the other an address to a fairy chief, still remembered in Clare.
^ Hugh Maccurtin (1680?–1765), Irish antiquary : succeeded his cousin, Andrew MacCurtin, as ollamh to the O'Briens: studied in France; tutor for seven years to the dauphin; returned to Ireland, 1714: works include The Elements of the Irish Language 1728, aud an English-Irish Dictionary, a valuable record of the vermicular of its day, 1732.
^ John Macdiarmid (1779–1808), journalist and author; studied at Edinburgh and St. Andrews Universities: settled in London, 1801: edited the St. James's Chronicle: author of two works on military topics, published in 1805 and 1806.
^ John M'Diamid (1790-1852), Scottish journalist; editor of the Dumfries and Galloway Courier 1K17; published his Scrap-Book 1820; started the Dumfries Magazine 1825; became owner of the Couri. edited, with memoirs, Cowper's Poems 1817, and Goldsmith's Vicar of Wakefield 1823.
^ Alexander Macdonald, third Lord of the Isles and tenth Earl of Ross (d. 1449), eldest son of Donald Macdonald, second lord of the Isles; imprisoned as a rebel, 1427-9; destroyed Inverness, but was eventually defeated by James I of Scotland and again imprisoned, 1429; later gave loyal obedience to the king; juaticiar of Scotland north of the Forth, 1438.
^ Alexander Macdonald or Macdonnell (Alaster) (d. 1647), general; joined the insurgent*, 1641; with Montrose in Scotland, 1644-6; being defeated, escaped to Ireland, 1647; killed by treachery,
^ Alexander Macdonald or Macian of Glencoe (d. 1692), chief of his clan; joined Claverbouse, 1689; took part in the rising of the northern highlands; bidden to take the oath of allegiance within a stipulated time; when that period had almost elapsed, made a vain effort to find a magistrate to administer the oath; finally persuuded Sir Colin Campbell to administer the oath five days later; his tardy action ignored and the clan destroyed in their home in the valley of Glencoe, 1692. An inquiry was made, but, although the massacre of Glencoe was condemned, none of the agents were brought to justice.
^ Alexander Macdonald or Alestair of Glengarry (d. 1724). See Macdonell.
^ Alexander Macdonald, or Alasdair MacMhaighstir Alasdair (1700?-1780?), Gaelic poet; educated at Glasgow University; assisted the Society for Propagating Christian Knowledge in the Highlands; published an English and Gaelic Vocabulary 1741; became a Roman catholic and joined the Chevalier, 1745; became the sacer vates of the rebellion of 1745; served through the campaign, 1745-6; his collected poems, a fine contribution to martial literature, published as Ais-eiridh na Sean Chanoin Albannaich 1751.
^ Alexander Macdonald (1736–1791), Scottish catholic prelate; entered the Scots College, Rome, 1764; ordained, 1764; joined the mission in Scotland and was stationed at Barra, 1765-80; vicar-apostolic of the highland district, 1780.
^ Alexander Macdonald (1756–1837), Gaelic scholar; educated at the Roman catholic seminary of Bourblach and at the Scots College, Rome: ordained, 1778: returned to Scotland, 1782; published Phingateis, sive Hibernia Liberata 1820; contributed to the Gaelic dictionary published under the direction of the Highland Society of Scotland, 1828.
^ Alexander Macdonald (1791?–1860), Scottish antiquary; employed in the Register House, Edinburgh; principal keeper of the register of deeds and probate writs, 1836; supplied notes for the Waverley Novels; editor of the Maitland Club publications.
^ Andrew Macdonald (1755?-1790), dramatist and verse-writer; educated at Edinburgh University: ordained to the Scottish episcopal church, 1775; resigned his charge and came to London; his most successful tragedy, Vimonda produced 1787, published 1788. His Miscellaneous Works appeared. 1791.
^ Angus Macdonald (1834–1886), medical writer; M.D. Edinburgh, 1864; practised and lectured in Edinburgh; published medical works.
^ Archibald Macdonald ( 1736–1814), author; a Benedictine monk and Roman catholic pastor; published defence of the authenticity of Mucpherson's Ossian 1805.
^ Sir Archibald Macdonald , first baronet(1747–1826), judge: lineal descendant of the old Lords of the Isles; student of Christ Church, Oxford, 1764; B.A., 1768; barrister, Lincoln's Inn, 1770; M.A., 1772: K.O., 1778; M.P., Hindon, 1777, Newaistle-under-Lyme, 17801793; solicitor-general, 1784-8: knighted, 1788; attorney-general, 1788-92; lord chief baron of the exchequer, 1793-1813; privy councillor, 17P3; created baronet, 1813.
^ Donald Macdonald , second Lord of the Isles and ninth Earl of Ross (d. 1420?), eldest son of John Macdonald, first lord of the Isles: made permanent alliance with Henry IV, 1405; claimed the earldom of Ross, but after the battle of Harlaw (1411) surrendered his claim and became vassal to the Scottish throne, 1412.
^ Duncan George Forbes Macdonald (1823?-1884), agricultural engineer and miscellaneous writer; son of John Macdonald (1779-1849); published What Farmers may do with the Land 1862; member of the government survey staff in British North America; publishedBritish Columbia and Vancouver's Island 1862; drainage engineer of improvement* to the enclosure commissioners for England and Wales; engineer-ln-chief to the inspector-general of highland destitution.
^ Flora Macdonald (1722-1790), Jacobite heroine; daughter of Ranald Macdonald, farmer at Milton, South Uist (Hebrides): while in 1746 on a visit to the Clanraualds in Benbecula (Hebrides), met Prince Charles Edward in flight after Culloden; helped the prince to reach Skye; imprisoned in the Tower of London after Prince Charles Edward's escape; released by the Act of Indemnity, 1747; married Allan Macdonald, 1760: emigrated to North Carolina, 1774; returned to Scotland, 1779.
^ Hugh Macdonald (1701–1773), Scottish catholic prelate; ordained, 1725; vicar of the highland district and bishop of Diana in Numidia, 1731; escaped to Paris after the rebellion of 1745; returned to Scotland, 1749; apprehended, 1755; sentenced to banishment, but sentence not carried out, 1766.
^ Hugh Macdonald (1817–1860), Scottish poet; wrote verses in the Gbisgow Citizen joining its staff, 1849; joined theGlasgow Sentinel 1855; edited the Glasgow Times; wrote, for those journals, Rambles round Glasgow and Days at the Coast afterwards published in book form; literary editor of the Morning Journal (Glasgow), 1858-60.
^ John Macdonald, of Isla, first Lord of the Isles (d. 1386?), joined Edward Baliol, 1335 ; transferred his allegiance to David II, 1341; joined Baliol again when the king objected to his assumption of the title of Lord of the Isles; persuaded to take an oath of obedience, 1369.
^ John Macdonald, fourth and last Lord of the Isles and eleventh Earl of Ross (d. 1498?), son of Alexander, third lord of the Isles; rebelled against King James II of Scotland, but came to terms, and was made one of the wardens of the marches, 1467; one of the ambassadors who helped to bring about the treaty with the English signed at Westminster, 1463; summoned to answer for treasonable acts, and sentence of attainder passed against him, 1475; pardoned, 1476; finally retired to the monastery of Paisley.
^ John Macdonald (1620?-1716?), known in the highlands as Ian Lom, Gaelic poet and warrior: assisted Moutrose, 1645-50; composed a Lament in his honour, 1650; became absorbed in local politics; pensioned by the government, 1660; present at Killiecrankie, 1689; celebrated the triumph of the highlanders in his poem, 'Rintory'.
^ John Macdonald (fl. 1778) gentleman's servant; became known as Beau Macdonald; spent some years in Bombay, and travelled in India and Europe with his employers, 1768-78; settled at Toledo, 1778; published Travels In Various Parts 1790.
^ John Macdonald (1727–1779), Scottish catholic prelate; nephew of Hugh Macdonald (1701-1778); entered the Scots College, Rome, 1743; ordained, 1762; returned to Scotland, 1753; vicar-apostolic of the highland district of Scotland, 1773-9.
^ Sir John Macdonald (1782–1830). See Kinneir.
^ John Macdonald (1759–1831), lieutenant-colonel and military engineer: son of Flora Macdouakl; as ensign, Bengal engineers, surveyed the Dutch settlements in Sumatra, 1783: remained there as military and civil engineer until 1796; employed in England during the French wars; F.U.S., 1800: author of military and technical engineering works, and of a book on Anglo-Indian administration.
^ John Macdonald (1779-1 849), called the 'Apostle of the North'; M.A. King's College, Aberdeeii, 1801: ordained missionary minister. 1806; visited Ireland, 1824; wined the secession party, 1843: author of sermons, published 1880, and a volume of Gaelic verse, 1848,
^ Sir John Macdonald (d. 1850), adjutant-general at the Horse Guards; a connection of Flora Macdonald; entered the army, 1795; served in Ireland and and on the continent: held important staff ap. during the Peninsular campaign; deputy adjutant-general at the Horse Guards, 1820-30; adjutant 1830-50; G.C.B., 1847.
^ John Macdonald (1818–1889), Scottish catholic prelate: Jit the Scots seminary, Ratisbon, 1830-7; at the Scots College, Rome, 1837-40; vicar-apostolic of the northern district of Scotland, 1869; bishop of Aberdeen, 1878.
^ Sir John Alexander Macdonald (1815-1891), the organiser of the dominion of Canada: of Scottish origin: born at Kingston, Canada; admitted to the bar, 1836; member for Kingston in the House of Assembly, 1844-54; commissioner for crown lands, 1847; attorney-general for Upper Canada, 1854; leader of the House of Assembly, 1856-91: premier, 1857; succeeded, despite strong opposition, in making Ottawa the capital, 1859; led the federation movement, and went to England as a delegate, 1866; mainly responsible for the British North America Act, 1867: C.B.. 1867; first prime minister of the Dominion, 1867; one of the commissioners of the treaty of Washington, 1871; privy councillor of the United Kingdom, 1872; premier and minister of the ulterior, 1878-91; also president of the council and superintendent of Indian affairs, 1883; G.C.B., 1884.
^ Lawrence Macdonald (1799–1878), sculptor: entered the TrusteesAcademy, Edinburgh, 1822; went to Rome, and helped to found the British Academy of Arts there, 1823: returned to Edinburgh, 1827; exhibited at the Royal Academy from 1829; member of the Scottish Academy, 1829-58; died at Home; noted for his portrait busts.
^ Patrick Macdonald (1729–1824), amateur musician: educated at Aberdeen University; ordained missionary, 1756; chief work,A Collection of Highland Vocal Airs never hitherto published 1784.
^ Ranald Macdonald (1756–1832), Scottish catholic prelate; educated at the Scots College, Douay; returned to Scotland, 1782; D.D.; vicar-apostolic of the highland district, 1819, and of the western district, 1827.
^ William Bell Macdonald (1807–1862), linguist; educated at Glasgow University: graduated, 1827; surgeon on a flag-ship in the Mwiitcrranean, 1828-31: famous linguist; published uiUc-clhuiL-ous works.
^ William Russell Macdonald (HST-HM), miscellaneous writer; editor of, part proprietor of, and contributor to, various periodicals; later wrote books for the young.
^ Alastair Ruadh Macdonell, known as Pickle the Spy (1725?–1761), thirteenth chief of Glengarry: went to France, 1738, and joined Lord Drummond's regiment of royal Scots guards, 1743; employed by highland chiefs on secret mission to Prince Charles, 1745; captured by English and imprisoned in Tower of London, 1745-7: acted, under pseudonym of Pickle as spy on Charles, 1749-54; succeeded as chief of clan, 1754.
^ Alexander Macdonell or Macdonald (Alestair) of Glengarry (d. 1724), Jacobite: surnamed Dubb from his dark complexion: joined Claverhouse, 1689; one of the leaders at Killiecrankie, 1689; reluctantly took the oath to William III, 1691; joined Mar and fought at Sheriffmuir, 1715; a trustee for managing the Chevalier's affairs in Scotland, 1720.
^ Alexander Macdonell (1762–1840) first Roman catholic bishop of Upper Canada; educated at the Scots College, Valladolid; ordained, 1787; while mispriest, helped to form Romanist peasants into the 1st Glengarry fencibles (disbanded, 1801); obtained a grant of land in Canada for the men; again raised a regiment of Glengarry fencibles, which did good service for Upper Canada in the United States war, 1812; organised the colony, and devoted himself to missionary work in Upper Canada: vicar-apostolic of Upper Canada, 1819; bishop of Regiopolis or Kingston, 1826; died at Dumfries; was buried in Kingston Cathedral, Canada,
^ Alexander Ranaldson Macdonell or Macdonald, of Glengarry (d. 182H), colonel, highlaud chieftain; brother of Sir James Macdouell; major in the Glengarry fencibles infantry, 1795-1801; lived in feudal style; the original, to some extent, of Scott's Fergus Maclvor in Waverley; perished by shipwreck.
^ Sir James Macdonell (d.1857), general : brother of Alexander Ranaldson Macdonell of Glengarry; fought in Naples, Sicily, and Egypt, 1804-7; lieutenantcolonel, 1809; in the Peninsula, 1812-14: present at Waterloo, and K.C.B., 1815; commanded in Canada, 1838-1841; lieutenant-general, 1841; general. 1854; G.C.B., 1855.
^ James Macdonell (1842–1879), journalist ; on the staff of the Daily Review in Edinburgh, 1862; editor of the Newcastle Northern Daily Express; on the staff of the Daily Telegraph 1865-75; special correspondent in France, 1870-1; leader-writer on the Times 1875; made a special study of French politics; his France since the First Empire published, 1880.
^ Cormac Macdonlevy (fl. 1459), physician; called in Irish MacDuinntshleibhe; translated Gualterus and other medical works into Irish; hereditary physician to the O'Donnells, like other members of the family (1200-1586).
^ Alexander Macdonnell or Alaster (d. 1647). See Macdonald.
^ Alexander Macdonnell , third Earl of Antrim (d. 1696?), brother of Randal Macdonnell, second earl of Antrim; joined the rebellion in Ireland; represented Wigan at intervals, 1660-83; succeeded to the earldom, 1683: marched to the relief of Londonderry, but was mistaken for the enemy, 1689.
^ Alexander Macdonnell (1798–1835), chessplayer; merchant at Deinerara, 1820-30; secretary to the West India Committee of Merchants, 1830; studied chess under William Lewis (1787-1870); admitted the best English player from 1833; beaten by the French player, Labourdonnais, 1834.
^ Sir Alexander Mcdonnell, first baronet (1794-1875), commissioner of national education in Ireland; educated at Westminster and Christ Church, Oxford; student till 1826; M.A., 1820; barrister, Lincoln's Inn, 1824; renounced the bar and became chief clerk hi the chief secretary's office, Ireland; resident commissioner of the board of education, Ireland, 1839-71; privy councillor of Ireland, 1846; created baronet, 1872.
^ John Macdonnell (1691–1754), Irish poet; began a translation of Homer into Irish and a History of Ireland; some of his Irish poems printed,
^ Sir Randal Macdonnell , first Viscount Dunluce and first Earl of Antrim (d. 1636), called 'Arranach'; son of Sorley Boy MacDonnell; joined O'Neill's rebellion, 1600; submitted to Mountjoy, the lord-deputy, 1602: created Viscount Dunluce, 1618, and Earl of Antrim, 1620.
^ Randal Macdonnell , second viscount Dunluce and second Earl and first Marquis of Antrim (1609–1683), son of Sir Randal MacDonnell, first viscount Dunluce and first earl of Antrim; introduced at court, 1634; married the Duke of Buckingham's widow, 1636: sent by the king to raise forces in Scotland, 1639; took his seat in the Irish House of Lords, 1640: frequently imprisoned as a suspect, 1642-5; ordered to lay down his arms, 1646; retired to Ireland; allowed to return to England, 1650: pardoned, 1663.
^ Sir Richard Graves Macdonnell (1814–1881), colonial governor; educated at Trinity College, Dublin; MJL, 1836; called to the Irish bar, 1838; barrister, Lincoln's Inn, 1841; chief-justice of the Gambia, 1843; LL.B., 1845: governor of the British settlements on the Gambia, 1847-52; governor of St Lucia, 1852-3; O.B., 1852; administrator and captain-general of M. Vincent, 1853-5; governor of South Australia, 1855-62; knighted, 1856; lieutenant-governor of Nova Scotia, 1864-5: governor of Jtong Kong, 1865-72: K.C.M.G., 1871; died at Hyeres.
^ Robert Mcdonnell (1828-1889) surgeon; B.A. and M.B. Trinity College, Dublin, 1850; volunteered as civil surgeon in Crimean war, 1855; medical superintondent of Mountjoy government prison, 1867-67; F.R.S., 1865; president of Academy of Medicine in Ireland, 1885-8.
^ Sorley Boy Macdonnell (Carolus Flavus) (1505 ?-1590), Scoto-Irish chieftain, lord of the Route and constable of Dunluce Castle; appointed to lordship of Route district, 1558; made overtures to Elizabeth regardins? the Scottish settlement on the Antrim coast, 1560: worsted by Shane O'Neill, 1564-7: defeated by Earl of Essex, 1575; after some success was forced to escape to Scotland, 1585; admitted his lack of legal right in Ulster, 1586, and submitted to government,
^ Allan Macdougall (1750?–1829), Gaelic poet ; published Gaelic verses, 1798; family bard to Colonel MacDonald, laird of Glengarry.
^ Sir Duncan Macdougall (1787–1862), lieutenant-colonel, 79th Cameron highlanders; ensign, 1804; served at the Cape of Good Hope, in the Peninsula; and in the American war, 1814-15; entrusted, as commander of 79th foot at Halifax, Nova Scotia, with organisation of colonial militia, 1825; quartermaster-general and second in command of British auxiliary legion of Spain, 1835; prominent figure in the volunteer movement; buried in St. Paul's Cathedral.
^ Francis Thomas McDougall (1817-1886), bishop of Labuan and Sarawak; studied medicine at Malta university, King's College, London, and London University; subsequently entered Magdalen College, Oxford; B.A., 1842; ordained, 1845; missionary in Borneo, 1847-67; bishop of Labuan, 1855-68; archdeacon of Huntingdon, 1870; canon of Ely, 1871, of Winchester, 1873; archdeacon of the Isle of Wight, 1874.
^ Sir John Macdougall (1790–1865), vice-admiral ; entered the navy, 1802; repeatedly in boat actions, 18031809; lieutenant, 1809; commander, 1820; captured the Bogue ports, Canton, 1847; K.C.B., 1862; vice-admiral, 1863.
^ Sir Patrick Leonard Macdougall (1819–1894), general; educated at Military Academy, Edinburgh, and at Sandhurst; lieutenant, 36th foot, 1839; major, 1849; major-general, 1868; lieutenant-general, 1877; colonel, 2nd battalion West India regiment, 1881: and of Leinster regiment, 1891; general, 1883; served in Canada, 1844-54; superintendent of studies at Sandhurst, 1854-8, but served in Crimea, 1854-5; adjutantgeneral of Canadian militia, 1865-9; deputy-inspectorgeneral of auxiliary forces at headquarters, 1871; head of intelligence branch of war office, 1873-8: K.C.M.G., 1877; commander in North America, 1877-83; retired, 1885; principal work, The Theory of War 1856.
^ Andrew Macdowall, Lord Bankton (1685–1760), Scottish judge; educated at Edinburgh University; admitted advocate, 1708; became judge, with the title Lord Bankton, 1756; author of An Institute of the Laws of Scotland in Civil Rights 1751-3.
^ William M'Dowall (1815-1888), journalist and antiquary; appointed to the editorial staff of the Scottish Herald 1843; edited Dumfries and Galloway Standard 1846-88; published History of Dumfries 1867, The Man of the Woods and other Poems 1844, and Mind in the Face 1882.
^ Benjamin McDowell (1739-1824), presbyterian divine: born at Elizabethtown, New Jersey; educated at Princeton and Glasgow universities: joined the established church of Scotland; ordained, 1766; influential in Dublin presbyteriauism; D.D. Edinburgh, 1789; author of controversial works.
^ Patrick Macdowell (1799–1870), sculptor; exhibited at the Royal Academy, 1822 and 1826-9; entered the Academy Schools, 1830; R.A., 1846; executed _ other worka, Girl going to the Bath,* 1841, and Kuropa for the Albert Memorial, 1870.
^ William Macdowell (1590–1666), diplomat; educated at St. Andrews University; professor of philosophy at Groningen, 1614; LI-.D. (ironingea, 1626; president of the council of war in Groningen and Prieland, 1627: ambassador to England, 1629, 1680, and 16J6; Charles II V resident agent at the Hague, I860; defeated the proposals of the envoys of the EngllHb parliament to the assembly of the States-General, 1661; bis Answer to English envoys published, 1611.
^ Thane Macduff or Earl of Fife (fl. 1056?), a half or wholly mythical personage; advanced the cause of Malcolm Canmore against the usurper Macbeth.
^ Daniel Mace (d. 1763), textual critic; presbyterian minister; published anonymously The New Testament in Greek and English... corrected from the Authority of the most authentic Manuscript* a precursor of the modern critical texts, 1729.
^ Thomas Mace (1619?–1709?), musician ; an accomplished lutenist,ithough deaf; devised a lute of fifty strings, 1672; published Music's Monument 1676.
^ Evan Maceachen (1769–1849), Gaelic scholar: entered the Scots College, Valladolid, 1788: ordained there, 1798; missioner in Scotland, 1798-1838: his most important work, Gaelic Translation of the New Testament (unpublished).
^ Owen Macegan, Maceggan, Maceogan, or Mackegan, or Eugenius (d. 1603), bishop-designate of Ross, co. Cork; probably educated at an Irish Roman catholic seminary in Spain; encouraged rebellion in Ireland, 1600; went to Spain again and gained influence with Philip III, persuading him to assist Tyrone's rebellion, 1601; as a reward for this made vicar-apostolic by the pope; prevented Charles Blount, eighth baron Mountjoy, from entirely crushing the rebellion, 1602; exercised great power, but was slain in an encounter with the English at Cladach.
^ Francis Maceroni (1788–1846)m aide-de-camp to Murat and mechanical inventor; aide-de-camp to Murat, king of Naples, 1814; Murat's envoy in England, 1816; settled in England, 1816; published a biography of Joachim Mnrat, king of Naples, 1817; meddled in American, Spanish, and Neapolitan politics, 1819-26. A 'steam-coach his most important invention, experimented with, 1833.
^ William M'Ewen (1735-1762), Scottish secessionist; ordained, 1754; published religious works.
^ Ebenezer Macfait (d. 1786), Greek scholar, mathematician, physician, and miscellaneous writer.
^ James Macfarlan (1832–1862), poet : a professional pedlar; walked from Glasgow to London to publish a volume of lyrics, 1853; published other volumes of poems, 1864, 1856, and 1866; contributed to Household Words. 1
^ James Macfarlan (1800–1871), presbyterian minister; son of John Macfarlan (d. 1846); licensed, 1831: published an English version of the Prophecies of Ezekiel 1845.
^ James Macfarlan (1845–1889), presbyterian minister; sou of James Macfarlan Q800-1871); educated at Edinburgh Academy and University, 1868-64; minister of Ruthwell, 1871-89.
^ John Macfarlan (d. 1846), Scottish advocate; brother of Patrick Macfarlan; friend of Sir Walter Scott; author of two religious pamphlets,
^ Patrick Macfarlan (1780–1849), Scottish divine; brother of John Macfarlan: licensed, 1803: joined secessionist*, 1843: moderator of the free general assembly, 1846; published religious works.
^ Walter Macfarlan (rf. 1767), antiquary: devoted himself to Scottish antiquarian research: his materials used by Douglas in his Peerage of Scotland
^ Mrs Macfarlane (fl. 1716–1719), murderess; nrt Straiten: married John Mm-furlimo, writer to the signet; for some unknown reason shot Captain Cayley at her house in Edinburgh, 1716; not appearing to stand her trial (1717), was outlawed and reuiuined In hiding, probably till her death.
^ Charles Macfarlane (d. 1858), miscellaneous writer: travelled in Italy, 1816-27: in Turkey, 1827-9; settled in London and supported himself by literary work, 1829; again travelled abroad, 1847-8; nominated a poor brother of the Charterhouse, 1867; his best worksCivil and Military History of England(8 vols.), 1838-44, and The Book of Table Talk 1836.
^ Duncan Macfarlane (1771–1857), principal of Glasgow University; educated at Glasgow University; ordained, 1792; D.D., 1806; principal of Glasgow University, 1824; as moderator, defended the established church in the disruption year, 1843.
^ John Macfarlane (1807–1874), Scottish divine ; educated at Edinburgh and Glasgow Universities; ordained, 1831; LL.D., 1842; promoted presbyterian church extension in England; published religious works.
^ Patrick Macfarlane (1758–1832), Gaelic scholar; translated religious books into Gaelic for the Society in Scotland for the Propagation of Christian Knowledge; published a collection of Gaelic poems, 1813, and a vocabulary of Gaelic and English, 1815.
^ Robert Macfarlane (1734–1804), miscellaneous writer; M.A. Edinburgh; editor of the Morning Chronicle and London Packet; accidentally run over and killed; author of a Latin translation of the first book of Ossian's * Temora 1769, and of vols. i. and iv. of a 'History of George III 1770 and 1796.
^ Robert Macfarlane, Lord Ormidale(1802–1880), senator of the College of Justice; educated at Glasgow and Edinburgh: writer to the signet, 1827; advocate at Edinburgh, 1838; sheriff of Renfrewshire, 185S; lord of session as Lord Ormidale, 1862; wrote on procedure of court of session.
^ George Macfarren (1788–1843), dramatist and theatrical manager; his first play performed, 1818; produced a play almost every year after 1818; took the Queen's Theatre, London, 1831; stage-manager of the Surrey Theatre, and then of the Strand Theatre, London; first suggested the Handel Society; editor and proprietor of the Musical World 1841.
^ Sir George Alexander Macfarren (1813–1887), musical composer: son of George Macfarren; studied at the Royal Academy of Music, 1829-36; his symphony in performed, 1830; other compositions performed, 1830-7; professor of harmony and composition at the Royal Academy of Music, 1837-46 and 1851-75; the Devil's Opera one of his best dramatic works, produced, 1838; founded the Hnndel Society, 1844; conductor at Covent Garden, 1845; became blind, 1860; composed operas, 1860-73; his first oratorio,St. John the Baptist performed, 1873; principal of the Royal Academy of Marie, and professor of music, Cambridge, 1875-87; knighted, 1883.
^ Robert Andrew Macfie (1811–1893), free-trade advocate: educated at Leith and Edinburgh; engaged in business as sugar refiner at Edinburgh and Liverpool, where he assisted in founding chamber of commerce; M P Leith Burghs, 1868-74; F.R.C.I. and F.R.S.E.; published works dealing with patents, copyright, and political questions.
^ Duald Macfirbis (1585–1670), Irish historian ; composed a treatise on Irish genealogy, finished, 1650; in Dublin translating Irish manuscripts for Sir James Ware , 1655-66; stabbed at Duuflin while on his way to Dublin; the last of the hereditary sennachies of Ireland.
^ Florence Macflynn or FLANN (d. 1256)', archbishop of Tuam; also called FIACHA O'FLYN; consecrated archbishop, 1250; went to England to plead the cause of the Irish church, 1266.
^ James William M'Gauley (d. 1867), professor of natural philosophy to the board of national education In Ireland, 1836-56; In Canada, 1856-66; on the council of the Inventors Institute, and editor of the Scientific Review; published scientific works.
^ William M'Gavin (1773-1832), controversialist; partner in a firm of cotton merchants, 1813; Glasgow agent for the British Linen Company's bank, 1822; belonged to the anti-burgher communion; contributed controversial letters to the Glasgow Chronicle under the title of the Protestant 1818-22, afterwards issued in book form; author of other controversial works.
^ Thomas D'Arcy McGee (1825-1868), Irish-Canadian statesman and poet; emigrated to America, 1842; edited Boston Pilot; London correspondent for the Nation; secretary to the committee of the Irish Confederation, 1847; escaped to America on the rout of the Young Ireland party, 1848; founded the American Celt and conducted it, 1850-7; started the New Era at Montreal; member for Montreal in legislative assembly, 1858-62; president of the council, 1864; a warm advocate of federation; member for Montreal West, and minister of agriculture and emigration, 1867; openly denounced Irish disloyalty, and was shot in Ottawa; chief work, Popular History of Ireland 1862.
^ Conall Macgeoghegan (ft. 1635). See Mageoghegan.
^ James Macgeoghegan (1702–1763), historian ; related to Conall Macgeoghegan; educated in France, becoming an abbé; published Histoire de l'Irlande vol. i. 1758, vol. ii. 1762, vol. iii. 1763; died at Paris.
^ Roche Macgeoghegan , also called Rochus de Cruce (1580–1644), Irish Dominican and bishop of Kildare; studied at the Irish College, Lisbon; Dominican provincial of Ireland, 1622; bishop of Kildare, 1629-44; constantly persecuted and forced to live in hiding.
^ Andrew Macgeorge (1810–1891), antiquarian writer and historian; educated at Glasgow University; practised as an ecclesiastical lawyer, 1836-89; caricaturist and author of works on heraldry and antiquarian subjects,
^ Hamilton Montgomery Macgill (1807–1880), united presbyterian divine, educated at Glasgow University; ordained, 1837; home mission secretary of the united presbyterian church, 1865-8; foreign mission secretary, 1868-80; D.D. Glasgow, 1870; author of 4 Songs of the Christian Creed and Life 1876.
^ Stevenson Macgill (1765–1840), professor of theology at Glasgow; educated at Glasgow University; ordained, 1796; D.D. Aberdeen and Marischal College, 1803; professor of theology, Glasgow, 1814; moderator of the general assembly, 1828; dean of the Chapel Royal, London, 1835.
^ William M'Gill (1732-1807), Scottish divine; M.A. Glasgow College; ordained, 1761; published essay on The Death of Christ 1786; the discussion of his supposed heterodoxy by the presbytery gave rise to Burns's satire, The Kirk's Alarm.
^ Charles R. Macgillivray (1804?–1867), M.D., 1853; lecturer in Gaelic at the Glasgow Institution, 1859; translated the Pilgrim's Progress into Gaelic (translation published, 1869).
^ John Macgillivray (1822–1867), naturalist; son of William MacGillivray; studied medicine at Edinburgh; naturalist on various government surveying expeditions, 1842-55; after 1855 studied natural history in Australasian islands; died at Sydney.
^ William Macgillivray (1796–1852), naturalist; M.A. Aberdeen, 1815; dissector to the lecturer on comparative anatomy, Aberdeen; assistant and secretary to the regius professor (Robert Jameson ) of natural history, Edinburgh, 1823; conservator of the Royal College of SurgeonsMuseum, Edinburgh, 1831-41; professor of natural history, Aberdeen, 1841; best-known work, A History of British Birds 1837-52.
^ Mac Giolla Cuddy (1618–1693). See Richard Archdekin.
^ Alexander McGlashan (d. 1797), Scottish violinist; edited A Collection of Scots Measures, Hornpipes, Jigs etc.
^ John McGlashan (d. 1866), legal author; Edinburgh solicitor; went to New Zealand, 1865, where he died; published legal works, 1831-44.
^ John Macgowan (1726–1780), baptist minister; pastor of the meeting-house, Devonshire Square, 1766-80; chief work, Infernal Conferences, or Dialogues of Devils, by the Listener 1772.
^ Augustin Macgradoigh (1349–1405), also called Magraidin; Irish chronicler; canon-regular of St. Austin; continued the O'Brian annals to 1406.
^ Sir Charles Metcalfe Macgregor (1840–1887), major-general; educated at Marlborough; took part in the suppression of the Indian Mutiny, 1857-8; served In China, 1860-1: took part In the Abyssinian expedition, 1867-8; compiled the Gazetteer of Central Asia for the Indian government, 1868-73; made expeditions to obtain information about the Afghan frontier, 1875; served in the second Afghan war, 1878-9; K.O.B., 1881; quartermaster-general of India, 1880; general officer commanding the Punjaub frontier force, 1885; major-general, 1887; published accounts of his travels in Afghanistan and Beloochistan, 1879 and 1882, and works suppressed by the Indian government, 1884 and 1885-6; died at Cairo.
^ Sir Gregor Macgregor (ft. 1817), calling himself His Highness Gregor, Cacique of Poyais, South American adventurer; said to have served in youth in British army; went to Oaraccas to aid in the struggle for South American independence, 1811; general of brigade, Venezuelan army, 1812; distinguished himself In the campaign of 1813-21; general of division, 1817; assumed the title of cacique and settled among the Poyaia Indians, 1821; failed in his schemes for colonising the mosquito territory; restored to the rank of general of division, Venezuelan army, 1839; died probably at Oaraccas.
^ James Macgregor (d. 1551), dean of Lismore; notary public, 1511; dean of Lismore, 1514; collected Gaelic poetry (selection edited, 1862).
^ John Macgregor (1797–1857), statistician and historian; emigrated to Canada and settled in Prince Edward island: member of the House of Assembly: high sheriff, 1823; travelled over America collecting statistics; joint-secretary of the board of trade in London, 1840; M.P., Glasgow, 1847; promoter of the Royal British Bank, 1849; absconded shortly before it stopped payment; died at Boulogne: best-known works, My Note-book 1835, and The Resources and Statistics of Nations 1835.
^ John Macgregor , known as Rob Roy (1825-1892), philanthropist and traveller: entered Trinity College, Dublin, 1839; proceeded to Trinity College, Cambridge, 1844; B.A., 1847; M.A., 1850; barrister, Inner Temple, 1851; travelled widely, 1848-57; went for his first solitary cruise in his Rob Roy canoe, 1865; published A Thousand Miles in the Rob Roy Canoe 1866; made other cruises, 1866, 1867, and 1868; member of the London school board, 1870 and 1873; actively promoted philanthropic schemes in London.
^ John James Macgregor (1775-1834), historian and topographer; edited Munster Telegraph and subsequently Church Methodist Magazine; literary assistant to the Kildare Place Education Society, Dublin, 1829.
^ Robert Macgregor or Campbell, commonly called Rob Roy (1671-1734), highland freebooter; nominally a grazier, though deriving his principal income from cattle-lifting and exacting money for affording protection against thieves; a man of some education; penal acts enforced against him and his clan for their conduct at the revolution, 1693; accused of fraudulent bankruptcy, 1712; followed with his men in the wake of the rebel army, but did not join it, 1715; surrendered to the Duke of Atholl, 1717; escaped and continued his depredations; apprehended and sentenced to be transported to Barbados, but pardoned, 1727; eventually became a Roman catholic and a peaceful subject. Authentic particulars of his life are to be found In Scott's Introduction to Rob Roy.
^ Sir James McGrigor, first baronet (1771-1858), army surgeon; studied medicine at Aberdeen and Edinburgh Universities; M.A. Aberdeen, 1788; surgeon to de Burgh's regiment (Oonnaoght rangers), 1791; saw service in Flanders, West Indies, and India: superintending surgeon to the European and Indian troops going to Egypt, 1801: M.D. Marischal College, Aberdeen, 1804: inspector-general of hospitals, 1809: chief of the medical Ktaff of Wellington's army in the Peninsula, 1811: knighted, 1814: director-general of the army medical de1816-61; K.R.K., 1810: created baronet, 1810: MH. LL.D. Edinburgh; K.OJJ., 1860; author of medical reports.
^ Sir James McGrigor (1819-1861), lieutenant-colonel n tin- Indian army: nephew of Sir James McGrigor q. v.; distinguished himself in the Indian mutiny. 1857-8: major, 1868; lieutenant-colonel, 1862; drowned while bathing at Aden.
^ John Machabe (d. 1557). See Macalpine.
^ Roger Machado (..1511?), diplomatist and Clarenceux king-of-arms; present at Edward IV's funeral, 1483; Richmond herald and Norroy king-of-arms, 1485; Clarenceux king-of-arms, 1494; employed on diplomatic missions in France, 1494-6.
^ John Machale (1791–1881), archbishop of Tuam ; educated at Maynooth; lecturer on theology there, 1814; coadjutor bishop of Killalu, 1825; visited Rome, 1831; archbishop of Tuam, 1834; induced by his dislike of everything English to oppose Newman; quarrelled with Archbishop Cullen; translated the Pentateuch Into Irish, 1801, also some of Moore's melodies and part of the Iliad, 1844-71.
^ Thomas Machen (15C8-1C14), M.A. Magdalen College, Oxford, 1592, and fellow; student of Lincoln's Inn, 1589; M.P., Gloucester, 1614.
^ James McHenry (1785-1845 ), poet and novelist; emigrated to the United States, 1817; settled In Philadelphia, 1824; United States consul in Londonderry, 1842-5; best known by his novel, O'Halloran, or the Insurgent Chief 1824.
^ Henry Machin or Machyn (1498?-1563?), diarist; kept a valuable diary of the years 1660-63 (published by the Oamden Society, 1848).
^ John Machin (1624–1664), ejected nonconformist; converted after entering Jesus College, Cambridge, 1645; B.A., 1649; received presbyteriau ordination, 1649; lectured at different towns, 1660-61: ejected from curacy of Whitley Chapel, Great Bud worth, Cheshire, 1662.
^ John Machin (d. 1751), astronomer: F.R.S., 1710; professor of astronomy at Gresham College, London, 1713-51; left unpublished writings.
^ Lewis Machin (ft. 1608), author, in collaboration with Gervase Markham, of a comedy, The Dumbe Knight 1608.
^ Robert Machin or Macham (fl. 1344) legendary discoverer of Madeira; supposed to have fled from England with Anna Dorset, daughter of an English noble, and landed on an island at a port which he called Machico; Madeira was discovered by Genoese sailors in the Portuguese service prior to the date of Machin's voyage.
^ William de Machlinia (fl. 1482–1490), printer; probably a native of Mechlin: printer in England after 1482; about twenty-two books assigned to his press.
^ John Machon (1572–1640?), B.A. Magdalen College, Oxford, 1594; canon of Lichfield, 1631.
^ Macian of Glencoe (d. 1692). See Alexander Macdonald.
^ Robert Ronald M'Ian (1803-1866), historical painter: while studying art, was on the stage till 1839; exhibited at the Royal Academy from 1836: associate of the Royal Scottish Academy, 1862; painted chiefly pictures of highland life and history.
^ George Macilwain (1797–1882), medical writer: studied under Abernethy at St. Bartholomew's Hospital, London: F.R.O.S., 1843; held various surgical appointments in London: published Memoirs of John Abernethy 1853, and medical treatises.
^ Sir Thomas McIlwraith (1836-1900), premier of Queensland: educated as engineer at Glasgow University: went (1864) to Victoria, where he found employment on railways; engaged in pastoral pursuits in Queensland: member of legislative assembly for Marnnon, 1869: minister for works and mines, 1874;. member for Mulgrave,1878: premier, 1879-88: colonial treasurer, 18791881; colonial secretary, 1881-3: K.C.M.G., 182: annexed New Guinea to Queensland, 1883: came to Great Britain: hon. LL.D. Glasgow, 1883; member for North Brisbane, 1888; premier, colonial secretary, and treasurer, 1888; resigned premiership, 1888, but retained seat in cabinet without portfolio; colonial treasurer, 1890; premier, 1893; returned (1893) to England, where he died.
^ Charles Macintosh (1766–1843), chemist and inventor of waterproof fabrics: studied chemistry while a counting-house clerk; started the first alum works in Scotland, 1797; connected with the St. Rollox chemical works till 1814; patented his waterproof invention, 1823, and started works in Manchester (still continued); F.R.S., 1823.
^ Donald Macintosh (1743–1808), Scottish nonjuring bishop; clerk for the Gaelic language to the Scottish Society of Antiquaries, 1786-9: ordained, i789; acted as a missionary or untitled bishop of Jacobite episcopacy; Gaelic translator and keeper of Gaelic records to the Highland Society of Scotland, 1801: the last representative of the nonjuring Scottish episcopal church: compiled A Collection of Gaelic Proverbs the first ever made.
^ Duncan Ban Macintyre (1724–1812), Gaelic poet; joined the Hanoverian forces, 1746; present at the battle of Falkirk, 1746: published the first edition of his poems, 1786 (other editions, 1790 and 1804): some of his poems translated into English; vividly described highland scenery.
^ Hugh Mackail (1640?-1666). Scottish martyr; educated at Edinburgh University; ordained, 1661; apprehended for his preaching, 1662; escaped to Holland: joined a covenanters* rising in Scotland, 1666; tortured and hanged in Edinburgh.
^ Matthew Mackail or Mackaille (fl. 1657–1696), medical writer; M.D. Aberdeen, 1696; published medical works.
^ Matthew Mackail (d. 1734). sou of Matthew Mackail (fi. 1657-1696); studied medicine at Leyden; professor of medicine, Aberdeen, 1717.
^ John Fielder Mackarness (1820–1889), bishop of Oxford; educated at Eton and Merton College, Oxford; B.A., 1844; honorary canon of Worcester, 1854-8; prebendary of Exeter, 1868; bishop of Oxford, 1870-88; a liberal in politics.
^ Mrs Matilda Anne Mackarness (1826–1881), author; daughter of James Robinson Planche; published her best-known story, A Trap to Catch a Sunbeam, 1849; married the Rev. Henry S. Mackarness (d. 1868), brother of John Fielder Mackarness.
^ Alexander Mackay (1808–1852), journalist; barrister, Middle Temple, 1847; on the staff of the Morning Chronicle till 1849; sent to India by the chambers of commerce of the big cities in the north to inquire into the cultivation of cotton, 1851; his Western World, or Travels in the United States in 1846-7 1849, long the most complete work on the subject.
^ Alexander Mackay (1816–1895), educational mar; M.A. King's College, Aberdeen, 1840: LL.D., 1866; first Free church minister of Rhynie, Aberdeenshire, 1844-67; studied local geology, and was F.R.G.S., 1859; published educational works, including Manual of Modern Geography 1861.
^ Alexander Murdoch Mackay (1849–1890) missionary; studied engineering subjects at Edinburgh University; draughtsman in an engineering firm at Berlin, 1873-6: joined the mission to Uganda, 1876, and gained great influence over the natives; died at Usambiro.
^ Andrew Mackay (1760–1809), mathematician: keeper of Aberdeen Observatory, 1781; LL.D. Aberdeen. 1786; mathematical examiner to the Trinity House (1806-9) and to the East India Company: chief works, The Theory and Practice of finding the Longitude at Sea or on Land 1793, A Collection of Mathematical Tables 1804, and The Complete Navigator 1804.
^ Angus Mackay (1824–1886), colonial journalist and politician: taken by his parents to New South Wales, 1827; editor of the Atlas 1847: represented the 'Empireat the gold fields, 1851: member for Sandhurst burghs, Victoria, 1868-79 and 1883-6: minister of mines, 1870: launched theSyduey Daily Telegraph 1879: died at Sandhurst burghs.
^ Archibald McKay (1801-1883), poet and topographer: his most popular poems My First Bawbee 'My ain Couthie Wife and Drouthy Tarn 1828; author of A History of Kilmarnock 1848.
^ Charles Mackay (1814–1889), poet and journalist; educated at Brussels; private secretary to William Cockerill, 1830-2: assistant sub-editor of the 'Morning Chronicle 1834-44; editor of theGlasgow Argus 1844-7, of the Illustrated London News 1862-9; special correspondent ofThe Timesat New York, 1862-5; wrote his song, The Good Time Coming 1846, of which 400,000 copies were circulated: published songs at intervals from 1834-90 (collected, 1859 and 1868), his 'Gossamer and Snowdrift being posthumous, 1890; LL.D. of Glasgow, 1846: published numerous prose works.
^ Sir Donald Mackay , of Far, first Baron Reay (1591-1649), succeeded to the headship of the clan, 1614; knighted, 1616; created baronet, 1627: served the King of Denmark with distinction, 1627-9; created Baron Reay, 1628; transferred his regiment to Gustavus Adolphus, 1629; present at the battles of Leipzig (1631) and Lutzen (1633); returned to Denmark, 1643; joined King Charles I, 1644: captured at Newcastle, 1644; set free, 1645; retired to Denmark (1648), where he died.
^ Hugh Mackay (1640?-1692), of Scourie, general: served with his regiment abroad, 1660-73; transferred his services to the States-General, 1673: colonel of Scots Dutch regiments, 1680; summoned to England to aid against Monmouth, 1685; privy councillor of Scotland; returned to Holland, remaining there on the recall of the regiment by James II, 1687; in command of the English and Scots division in the expedition of William of Orange, 1688; commander-in-chief of the forces in Scotland, 1689: defeated Olaverhouse at Killiecrankie, 1689; induced the surrender of the forces of Cannon, Claverhouse's successor, 1689; led the attack at Steinkirk, where he was slain.
^ James Townsend Mackay (1775?-1862), botanist; curator of the botanical garden, Trinity College, Dublin, 1806-62; published his Flora Hibernica 1836: LL.D. Dublin University, 1850; discovered plants new to the British isles.
^ John Mackay, second Baron Reay (fl. 1650), son of Sir Donald Mackay of Far, first baron Reay: took part in royalist insurrections in Scotland, 1649 and 1654.
^ Mackintosh Mackay (1800–1873), Gaelic scholar; educated for the ministry; superintended the printing of the Gaelic dictionary of the Highland and Agricultural Society, 1828; published thePoemsof Robert Mackay, Rob Donn, 1829; at the disruption joined the Free church; minister of the Gaelic church at Melbourne, 1854, uud Sydney, 1856; returned to Scotland.
^ Robert Mackay , commonly called Rob Donn (the Brown) (1714-1778), Gaelic poet; acted as herd, gamekeeper, and boman; in the Reay fencibles, 1759-67; wrote poems, chiefly elegies and satires, in the Sutherlandshire dialect.
^ Robert William Mackay (1803–1882), philosopher and scholar; educated at Winchester and Brasenose College, Oxford; M.A., 1828; publishedThe Progress of the Intellect as exemplified in the Religious Development of the Greeks and Hebrews 1860, and other learned works.
^ Mary Mackellar (1834–1890), highland poetess : nee Cameron: married John Markellar, captain of a coasting vessel; obtained judicial separation from him; settled in Edinburgh, c. 178G; herPoems aul iik. Gaelic and English contributed to newspapers and periodicals, published, 1880: translated into Gaelic the second series of Queen Victoria's Leaves from our Journal In the Highlands
^ Patrick Mackellar (1717–1778), colonel, military engineer: clerk in the ordnance service, 1735; employed in Minorca, 1739-64 and 1763-78: engineer in ordinary, 1751; served in Braddock's campaign in North America. 1764; chief engineer of the frontier fort*!, 1766; taken prisoner and confined in Quebec and Montreal, 1766-7: second and then chief engineer at the capture of Louisburg, 1768: chief engineer to Wolfe, 1769; in the expedition against Martinique, 1761-2, and the attack on Havanuah, 1762; director of engineering and colonel at Minorca, 1777.
^ William Mackelvie (1800–1863), united presbyterian divine; studied for the ministry as a secessionist at Edinburgh University: ordained, 1829; promoted union of secession and relief churches; best-known work 'Annals and Statistics of the United Presbyterian Church (published, 1873).
^ John Macken (1784?-1823), poet; merchant at Ballyconnell: joint-editor of the Enniskillen Chronicle 1808: in London, 1818; assisted in compiling Huntingdon Peerage 1821; returned to Ireland and resumed his joint-editorship of the Enniskillen Chronicle 1821; published verse.
^ John Mackenna or Juan (1771–1814), Chilean general; left Ireland and entered the Royal Academy of Mathematics at Barcelona, 1784: entered an Irish engineer corps in the Spanish army, 1787; served against the French, 1787-8 and 1794; went to Peru, 1796; governor of Osoruo, 1797-1808: joined revolution, 1810: provisional governor of Valparaiso and commander-in-chief of artillery and engineers, 1811-14; brigadier-general, 1813; banished, 1814; killed in a duel at Buenos Ayres.
^ Nial Mackenna (fl. 1700), Irish poet and harper ; author of the celebrated song, Little Celia Couuellan
^ Theobald Mackenna (d. 1808). Irish catholic writer; secretary to the catholic committee in Ireland; the mouthpiece of the seceders after 1791; opposed Wolfe Tone's views in a pamphlet, 1793; disappointed with the results of the union; suggested raising the Irish catholic church to an establishment, 1806; issued political pamphlets,
^ Mackenzie Baron of Kintail (1764–1816). See Francis Mackenzie Humberston, first Baron Seaforth and Mackenzie.
^ Sir Alexander Mackenzie (1755?–1820), North American explorer; explored the then unknown north-west, 1789; started from Fort Chippewayan, a trading port at the head of Lake Athabasca, with the object of reaching the Pacific coast, 1792; published an account of his voyages, 1801; knighted, 1802; resided in Canada and represented Huntingdon county in the provincial parliament; returned to Scotland, where he died.
^ Alexander Mackenzie (1822–1892), first liberal premier of the Canadian Dominion; emigrated to Canada, 1842; builder and contractor at Sarnia, 1848; edited Lambtou Shield 1852; member for Lambton in the provincial parliament, 1861-7, and in the Dominion House of Commons, 1867; premier and minister of public works, 1873-8; resigned the leadership of the opposition, 1880; member for East York, 1882-92; died at Toronto; upheld the connection between Canada and Great Britain.
^ Charles Frederick Mackenzie (1825–1862), bishop of Central Africa; brother of William Forbes Mackenzie; educated at Caius College, Cambridge: M.A., 1851: fellow; accompanied John William Coleuso to Natal as his archdeacon, 1855; chaplain to the troops round Durban, 1858; head of the universities mission to Central Africa, 1860: consecrated bishop at Cape Town, 1861; settled at Magomero in the Maugauja country: often reported to force to help the Manganja; died at Malo.
^ Colin Mackenzie (1713?–1821), colonel in the Madras engineers, Indian antiquary and topographer: served in the Madras engineer, against Tippoo Sahib, 2 and 1799; surveyed Mysore, 1799-1806; surveyor-general of Madras, 1807: commanding engineer in Java, 1811-16: O.B., 1815; surveyor-general of India, 1819; made valuable collections of Indian antiquities, inscriptions, and manuscripts.
^ Colin Mackenzie (180–1881 ), lieutenant-general in Indian army: cadet of infantry on Madras establishment, 1826; served in Coorg campaign, 1834, and in Straits of Malacca, 1836; assistant political agent at Peshawar, 1840: served with distinction at Kabul: brevet-captain: attended conference between Akbar Khun and Sir William Hay Macnaghten and was taken prisoner; on being released, chosen by Akbar Khan as one of the hostages to be given up to him; raised Sikh regiment during the last Sikh campaign: brigadierk" n nil in command of Kllichpur division of Hyderabad contingent, 1853; dangerously wounded at Bolaruin in mutiny of a cavalry regiment against orders which the government subsequently condemned as ill-judged, 1866; returned temporarily to England; agent to governor-general with Nawab Nazim of Bengal: C.B., 1867; failed to obtain divisional command owing to censure in ItoUrum case, and finally left India, 1873.
^ Dugal Mackenzie (d. 1688?), Scottish author; educated at Aberdeen and Paris Universities: some Latin poems and epigrams attributed to him.
^ Eneas Mackenzie (1778–1832), topographer: became baptist minister and ultimately printer and publisher: founded the Mechanics Institution, Newcastle; published several topographical works.
^ Frederick Mackenzie (1788?-1854), watercolour painter and topographical draughtsman: employed in making topographical and architectural drawings; exhibited at the Royal Academy, 1804-28; member of the Society of Painters in Water-colours, 1823.
^ George Mackenzie, second Earl of Seaforth (d. 1651), succeeded, 1633; of royalist inclination, but with the covenanters, 1639-40: sometimes supported and sometimes opposed Montrose, 1640-6; joined Charles II in Holland, 1649; died at Schiedam.
^ Sir George Mackenzie (1636–1691), of Rosehaugh, king's advocate; studied at St. Andrews, Aberdeen, and Bourges Universities: called to the bar at Edinburgh, 1659; distinguished himself in the trial of the Marquis of Argyll, 1661; knighted; M.P., Ross, 1669: king's advocate, 1677; privy councillor, 1677; called 'Bloodyfrom his severe treatment (1679-86) of the covenanters: resigned for a short time, 1686; again in office, 1688; opposed the dethronement of James II, and to escape the consequences retired from public life: founded the library of the Faculty of Advocates, opened 1689; author of moral essays and legal and historical works of a bigoted character.
^ Georde Mackenzie , first Viscount Tarbat, first Earl of Cromarty (1630-1714). statesman; educated at St. Andrews and Aberdeen Universities; succeeded to the family estates, 1654: as a royalist had to remain in exile till 1660; lord of session as Lord Tarbat: planned Lauderdale's downfall by means of the act of billeting 1662; deprived of office, 164; appointed lord justice-general of Scotland, 1678; chief minister of the 1 king in Scotland, 1682-8; created Viscount Tarbat, 1685: , joined the new government, 1689; secretary of state, 1702-4; created Earl of Cromarty, 1703: advocated hc union; published miscellaneous pamphlets,
^ George Mackenzie (1669–1725), Scottish biographer; son of George Mackenzie, second earl of Seaforth ; studied medicine at Aberdeen, Oxford, and Paris: M.D. Aberdeen: chief work, Lives and Character* of the most Eminent Writers of the Scots Nation vol. L 1708, vol. ii. 1711, and vol. iii. 1722.
^ George Mackenzie , third Earl of Cromarty (d. 1766), succeeded, 1731; joined Prince Charles Hdward, 1745: taken prisoner, tried, and sentenced to death, 1746; pardoned, 1749.
^ George Mackenzie (1741–1787), brother of John Mackenzie, baron Macleod; present at the defence of Gibraltar, 1780; lieutenant-colonel, 1783; died at Wallajabad.
^ George Mackenzie (1777–1856) meteorologist; began a register of atmospheric changes, 1802: formed his primary cycle of the winds 1819; author of reports or Manuals of the weather.
^ Sir George Steuart Mackenzie, seventh baronet (1780-1848) of Coul, mineralogist; succeeded to baronetcy, 1796: discovered identity of diamond and carbon, 1800: F.R.S.; studied mineralogy and geology in Iceland, 1810; in the Faroe islands, 1812; joint author of Travels in Iceland 1811; wrote geological and miscellaneous works.
^ Henry Mackenzie (1745–1831), novelist and miscellaneous writer; educated at Edinburgh High School and University: attorney for the crown in Scotland; his novels, The Man of Feeling 1771, The Man of the World, 1 1773, and Julia de Roubigné, 1777, published anonymously; produced a successful tragedy, "The Prince of Tunis 1773; superintended the periodicals, The Mirror 1779-80, and The Lounger, 1785-7; wrote on contemporary politics, 1784-93; comptroller of taxes for Scotland, 1804-31; his Works issued, 1807 and 1808; called by Scott the Northern Addison
^ Henry Mackenzie (1808–1878), bishop suffragan of Nottingham; educated at Merchant Taylors School, London, and Pembroke College, Oxford; ordained, 1834; M.A., 1838; prebendary of Lincoln, 1858; sub-dean and canon-residentiary, 1864; archdeacon of Nottingham, 1866; D.D., 1869; bishop suffragan of Nottingham, 1870-8.
^ James Mackenzie (1680?-1761), physician; studied at Edinburgh and Leyden Universities; published 'The History of Health and the Art of preserving it 175&
^ James Archibald Stuart-Wortley-Mackenzie, first Baron Wharncliffe. (1776–1845). See Stuart-Wortley-Mackenzie.
^ John Mackenzie (1648?–1696), Irish divine: ordained presbyterian minister, 1673; chaplain of Walker's regiment during the siege of Londonderry, 1689; wrote narrative of siege, 1690.
^ John Mackenzie , Baron Macleod, Count Cromarty in the Swedish peerage (1727–1789), major-general in the British army; great-grandson of George Mackenzie, first viscount Tarbat and first earl of Oromarty ; joined Prince Charles Edward, 1745; captured, 1746; pardoned, but deprived of his title and estates, 1748; joined a Swedish regiment, 1 750; present at the battle of Prague as a volunteer of the Prussian army and aide-de-camp to Marshal Keith (see KEITH, JAMES FRANCIS EDWARD), 1767: returned to England, 1777; raised highland regiment, and as its colonel embarked with it for India, 1779: served in India till 1783; majorgeneral, 1783; his estates restored, 1784.
^ John Mackenzie (1806–1848), Gaelic scholar; collected popular songs; book-keeper in Glasgow University printing-office, 1836; published Beauties of Gaelic Poetry 1841; translated theological works into Gaelic.
^ John Kenneth Mackenzie (1860–1888), medical missionary; obtained medical diplomas, London and Edinburgh, 1874; sent by the London Missionary Society to Hankow as a medical missionary, 1876; founded a medical school for native students at Tieu-tsin; died at Tien-tsin.
^ Kenneth Mackenzie , fourth Earl Seaforth (d. 1701), succeeded to the earldom, 1678; followed James II to France, 1689; served in the siege of Londonderry, 1689; created by James titular Marquis of Seaforth; failed to make terms with William Ill's government, 1690; imprisoned till 1697; died in Paris.
^ Kenneth Mackenzie (1754–1833). See Sir Kenneth Douglas.
^ Kenneth Douglas Mackenzie (1811–1873), colonel: ensign in the Gordon highlanders, 1831: c tared William Smith O'Brien in the Irish insurrection, 1848; served in Crimea, 1854-6; went to India, 1857; employed in the expedition to China, 1860; colonel, 9; assistant quartermaster-general at the Horse Guards, 1870.
^ Maria Elizabeth Frederica Stewart-Mackenzie, Lady Hood (1783–1862). See Stuart-Mackenzie.
^ Sir Morell Mackenzie (1837–1892), physician; studied medicine at the London Hospital, at Paris, Vienna, and Pesth; specialised on throat diseases; M.D. London, 1862; helped to found the Hospital for Diseases of the Throat, Golden Square, London, 1863; summoned to Berlin to attend the crown prince of Germany, afterwards the Emperor Frederick III, 1887; knighted, 1887: justified his conduct in regard to the German physicians and his general treatment of the case in Frederick the Noble 1888, an injudicious work, for which he was censured by the Royal College of Surgeons, 1889; published Manual of Diseases of the Throat and Nose vol. i. 1880, vol. ii. 1884.
^ Murdoch McKenzie, the elder (rf. 1797), hydrographer; surveyed the Orkney and Shetland isles, 1749; admiralty surveyor till 1771; F.R.S., 1774; published A Treatise on Marine Surveying 1774, and the results of his work on the Scottish and Irish coasts, 1776. McKENZIE, MURDOCH, the younger (1743-1829), commander in the navy; nephew of Murdoch M'Kenzie the elder; admiralty surveyor, 1771-88; commander, 1814.
^ Robert Mackenzie (1823–1881), miscellaneous writer; journalist and author of historical works.
^ Robert Shelton Mackenzie (1809–1880), miscellaneous writer; contributed poems to the Dublin and London Magazine publishedLays of Palestine,* 1828; journalist in London after 1830; engaged in literary work in New York, 1852; settled at Philadelphia (1857), where he died; remembered chiefly for his compilations, including valuable editions of the Noctes Ambrosianae 1861-3, and of Maginn's Miscellaneous Works 1855-7.
^ Samuel Mackenzie (1785 - 1847), portrait painter; studied in Raeburn's studio at Edinburgh: contributed to the exhibitions of Associated Artists, Edinburgh, 1812-16, and to the Royal Institution, Edinburgh, 1821-9; member of the Scottish Academy, and contributed to its exhibitions, 1829-46; especially successful in his female portraits.
^ Thomas Mackenzie, Lord Mackenzie (1807–1869), Scottish judge; studied at St. Andrews and Edinburgh Universities; called to the Scottish bar, 1832; solicitor-general, 1851; raised to the bench with the title Lord Mackenzie, 1854; retired, 1864: author of Studies in Roman Law, with Comparative Views of the Laws of France, England, and Scotland 1862.
^ William Mackenzie , fifth Earl of Seaforth (d. 1740), joined the Pretender, 1715: served throughout the war and escaped to France, 1716; accompanied George Keith, tenth earl Marischal, in his expedition to the highlands, 1719; again escaped to France; pardoned and returned to Scotland, 1726.
^ William Mackenzie (1791–1868), ophthalmic surgeon; studied chiefly at Glasgow and Vienna; Waltonian lecturer, Glasgow University, 1828; surgeonoculist to the queen in Scotland, 1838; helped to raise ophthalmic surgery to a high place among the special branches of medical science: his most important work, Practical Treatise on the Diseases of the Eye 1830.
^ William Bell Mackenzie (1806–1870), of Magdalen Hall, Oxford; M.A., 1837; published religious works.
^ William Forbes Mackenzie (1807–1862), of Portmore, Peeblesshire, politician; brother of Charles Frederick Mackenzie; called to the bar, 1827; M.P. Peeblesshire, 1837-62; lord of the treasury, 1845-6; author of the Forbes Mackenzie Act (for the regulation of public-houses in Scotland), 1H52.
^ William Lyon Mackenzie (1795 - 1861), leader of Canadian insurgents; a native of Dundee; emigrated to Canada, 1820; conducted the Colonial Advocate at Toronto, 1824-34 -..member of the Upper Canada legislative assembly for th county of York, 1828-30, and 1834-6; mayor of Toronto, 1834; led an insurrection j (1837) which failed, and ended in bis imprisonment for a year, but which drew the attention of the home government to colonial abuses; member of the united provinces legislature, 1850-8.
^ Benjamin Mackerell (d. 1738), Norfolk an- I tiquary; librarian of the Norwich public library, 1716-1732.
^ John McKerrow (1789-1867), presbyterian divine; educated at Glasgow University; ordained by the Secession Church, 1813; published works on the history of his church.
^ William McKerrow (1803-1878), presbyterian divine; educated at Glasgow University; ordained and ministered in Manchester, 1827-69; supported Manchester liberal movements; started the Manchester Examiner and Times 1846; member of the first Manchester school board, 1870.
^ Frederick Mackeson (1807–1853), lleutenantoolouel; in the East India Company's service: commissioner at Peshawur; received a Bengal cadetship, 1825; accompanied Sir Alexander Burues to Cabul, 1837; distinguished himself in the Sikh wars; commissioner at Feshawur, 1851-3; employed in quieting the frontier tribes; assassinated by a native.
^ David Hall McKewan (1816-1873), watercolour painter; studied under David Cox the elder ; member of the Royal Institute of Painters in Water-colours, 1850; painted landscapes and interiors.
^ James Mackgill or Macgill (i. 1579), of Nether Rankeillour, clerk register of Scotland; educated at St. Andrews University; admitted advocate, 1550; appointed clerk register and an ordinary lord of session, 1554; at first adhered to Queen Mary, but was concerned In Riccio's (Kizzio's) murder, 1565, and afterwards became her opponent; member of the new council, 1578.
^ James McKie (1816-1891), Burns collector; bookseller at Kilmarnock; started the Kilmarnock Journal and the Kilmarnock Weekly Post; collected rare editions of Burns, and published facsimiles; author of works connected with Burns.
^ John Mackie (1748–1831), physician; studied at Edinburgh University; spent much time abroad, where be occasionally practised; published a Sketch of a New Theory of Man 1819. McKINLAY, JOHN (1819-1872), Australian explorer; emigrated to New South Wales, 1836; left Adelaide to trace the fate of O'Hara Burke, and Wills, and to explore, 1861; proved that Lake Torrens did not exist; struck the coast at Gulf Carpentaria, 1862; beaded another expedition to explore the northern territory, 1865.
^ Daniel Mackinnon (1791–1836), colonel and historian of the Coldstream guards; brother of William Alexander Mackinnon; entered the guards, 1804; on the continent, 1805-14; wounded at Waterloo, 1815: colonel, 1830; published a famous Origin and History of the Coldstream Guards 1832.
^ Daniel Henry Mackinnon (1813 - 1884), soldier and author; B.A. Trinity College, Dublin; entered the army, 1836; served in Afghanistan, 1838-9; in the Sikh war, 1846; major-general, 1878; published Military Services and Adventures in the Far East 1849.
^ Sir William Mackinnon , first baronet (1823–1893), founder of British East Africa Company; engaged In mercantile firm in Glasgow; went to India, 1847, and with a partner founded firm of Mackinnon, Mackenzie & Co. for coasting trade in Bay of Bengal; took great Ert in founding Calcutta and Burmah (after 1862, itish India) Steam Navigation Company, 1866; negotiated with Sultan Seyyid Barghash, 1878, for lease of laud now called German.East Africa (sanction declined by British government); chairman of Imperial British East Africa Company, 1888-95; territory taken over by British government, 1895; shared largely in promoting Sir H. M. Stanley's expedition for relief of Emin Pasha, 1886; founded East African Scottish mission, 18'Jl; C.1.&, 1882; created baronet, 1889.
^ William Alexander Mackinnon (17W1870), legislator; brother of Daniel Mackinnon; M.., Dunwich, 1K30-1, Lymington, 1881-41, Bje, 1853, 1867, and 1859-66; publishedOn Public Opinion In Great Britain and other Parts of the World 1828; rewritten M Hiatory of Civilisation 1846.
^ Sir James Mackintosh (1766–1832), philosopher ; educated at Aberdeen University; studied medicine at Edinburgh: obtained his diploma, 1787; moved to London, 1788; became a regular contributor to the Oracle iK-longing to John Bell (1746-1831); published Vindiciro Gallica- 1791, in answer to Burke Reflections on the French Revolution; on becoming known to Burke, adopted his view of the French revolution; barrister. Lincoln's Inn, 1796; lectured on The Law of Nature and Nations 1799; recorder of Bombay, 1804-6: judge In the vice-admiralty court, Bombay, 1806-11; M.P., Nairn, 1813, Knaresborough, 1819; professor oflaw and general politics at Haileybury, 1818-24; published Dissertation on the Progress of Ethical Philosophy 1830; commissioner of the board of control, 1 830; wrote History of England in Larducr's - Cabinet Cyclopedia,* 1830, History of the Revolution in England in 1688 published, 1834, and other historical works.
^ William Mackintosh (1662–1743), of Borlum, Inverness-shire; brigadier in James Edward the Old Pretender's service; educated at King's College, Aberdeen; prominent In the Jacobite rising, 1714; confined in Newgate, 1715; escaped to France, 1716; returned to Scotland probably in 1719; again captured and imprisoned for life in Edinburgh Castle; published work on tillage In Scotland, 1729.
^ Charles Macklin (1697?-1797), actor and stage-manager; played in London at Lincoln's Inn Theatre, 1730, at Drury Lane, 1733-44, and 1744-8; made his reputation by his interpretation of the character of Shylock; appeared in Dublin (under Sheridan's auspices), 1748-50, and again, 1761 and 1763-70; at Ooveut Garden, London, 1750-3, 1761, 1772, 1775, 1781-9; retired from the stage, 1789. Of his dramatic productions,Love a la Mode a farce (1759) and The Man of the World (1781), one of the best comedies of the century, are the most notable.
^ Maria Macklin (d. 1781), actress ; daughter of Charles Macklin; appeared first at Drury Lane in * Richard III 1743; left the stage, 1777; Portia, Desde moua, and Rosalind among her parts.
^ James Mackness (1804–1851), medical writer: passed the College of Surgeons, 1824; M.D. St. Andrews, 1840; member of the council of the British Medical Association, 1847; published medical works.
^ James Macknight (1721–1800), biblical critic; educated at Glasgow and Lcyden universities; ordained, 1763; published a Harmony of the Gospels 1766, which became celebrated: D.D. Edinburgh, 1759; main promoter of the declaratory act of assembly, 1782; issued a Translation of all the Apostolical Epistles 1795.
^ Thomas Macknight (1829 - 1899), political writer; studied medicine at King's College, London; editor (1866-99) of Belfast Northern Whig which became mainstay of liberal party in Ireland, though it opposed home rule; published Life and Times of Edmund Burke 1858-1860, and other political and historical works.
^ Alexander Heriot Mackonochie (1825–1887), divine; of Wadham College, Oxford; ordained, 181!): M.A., 1851; adopted advanced ritualistic view?, and was subjected to a series of lawsuits promoted by the Church Association, 1867-82.
^ James McKowen (1814-1889), Ulster poet; employed in bleachworks at Belfast; contributed racy poems to various Irish newspapers; his " Ould Irish Jigknown throughout Ireland.
^ Sir Robert Mackreth (1726–1819), club proprietor; at first a billiard-marker, and then a waiter, at White's Club; proprietor of White's, 1761: bookmaker and usurer: M.P. for Castle Rising through the nomination of the Earl of Orford, his debtor, 1774-1802; proceeded against ami found guilty for taking advantage of a minor, 1786, and for assaulting John Scott (afterwards Lord Eldon), 1792; knighted for his services in parliament, 1795.
^ Magnus Mackulloch (Jl. 1480), reputed continuator of Fordun's Scotichrouicon; copied for the archbishop of St. Andrews the Scotichronlcon 1483-84; probably wrote the additions at the cud, which bring the narrative down to 1460.
^ Sir Humphry Mackworth (1657–1727), politician and capitalist: of Magdalen College, Oxford; barrister, Middle Temple, 1682: knighted, 1683; M.P., Cardiganshire, 1701, 1702-6 and 1710-13; deputy-governor of a large mining company; accused of peculation and found guilty by the House of Commons, 1710; one of the founders of the Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge; author of political and financial pamphlets.
^ John Macky (rf. 1726), government agent or spy ; discovered James IPs intended expedition to England, 1692; inspector of the coast from Dover to Harwich, 1693: published A View of the Court of St. Germains from the Year 1690 to 1695 1696; directed the packetboat Bervlce from Dover to France and Flanders, 16971702, and 1706-8; suspected by the government and imprisoned; released at accession of George I; died at Rotterdam. His Memoirs of the Secret Services of John Macky, Ksq. published, 1733, is an important contribution to contemporary history.
^ Ewen Maclachlan (1775–1822), Gaelic poet and scholar; educated at Aberdeen University; head-master of Aberdeen grammar school, 1810-22; author of some Gaelic poems, also Attempts in Verse 1807, and Metrical Effusions 1816.
^ Lauohlan Maclachlan (rf. 1746), fifteenth chief of the ancient Argyllshire clan; succeeded his father, 1719; joined Prince Charles Edward, 1745; killed at Oulloden, 1746.
^ Thomas Hope McLachlan (1845-1897), landscape painter; B.A., Trinity College, Cambridge, 1868; barrister, Lincoln's Inn; abandoned law for art, 1878. His picture, Ships that pass in the Night, is in the National Gallery.
^ Archibald Maclaine (1722–1804), divine; brother of James Maclaine; co-pastor to the English church at the Hague, 1747-96; translated Mosheim's 'Ecclesiastical History 1765 (last reprint, 1826).
^ James Maclaine or Maclean (1724–1750), gentleman highwayman; spent his patrimony and took to the highway, 1748; arrested, 1750; tried and hanged.
^ Archibald Maclaren (1755–1826) dramatist; entered the army, 1765; served In the American war; returned to Scotland: on his discharge joined a troop of strolling players; joined Dumbartonshire Highlanders, 1784; discharged after serving in Guernsey and Ireland; author of numerous dramatic pieces, two prose works describing the Irish rebellion, 1798-1800, and a few poems.
^ Charles Maclaren (1782–1866), editor of the 'Scotaman established theScotsman 1817; editor, 1820-46; edited the sixth edition of the Encyclopaedia Britannica 1823; published geological works.
^ Duncan McLaren(1800-1886), politician member of the Edinburgh town council, 1833, provost, 1851-4 M.P., Edinburgh, 1866-81; wrote on political questions.
^ William McLaren (1772-1832), Scottish poet; weaver, manufacturer, and tavern-keeper; published verse. 1817 and 1827.
^ Thomas Maclauchlan (1816–1886), Scottish presbyterian divine, and Gaelic scholar: M.A. Aberdeen, 1833: ordained, 1837; supported the non-intrusiouistn at the dimiption, 1843; LL.D. Aberdeen, 1864; moderator of tlie Free Church Assembly, 1876; maintained the authenticity of Maophcrson's Osniau: edited the Book of the Dean of Lismore 1863.
^ Colin Maclaurin (1698–1746), mathematician and natural philosopher: educated at Glasgow: professor of mathematics in the Marischal College, Aberdeen, 17151726; F.R.S., 1719; deputy-professor at Edinburgh University, 1725: organised the defence of Edinburgh against the rebels, 1745; the one mathematician of first rank trained in Great Britain in the eighteenth century. His most noted works are * Geometria Organica, sive Descriptio Linearum Curvarum Universalis 1720, A Treatise of Fluxions 1742, A Treatise of Algebra, with an Appendix De Linearum Geometricarum Proprietatibus Generalibus published, 1 748, and An account of Sir Isaac Newton's Philosophy published, 1748.
^ John Maclaurin (1693–1754), presbyterian divine; brother of Colin Maclaurin; studied at Glasgow and Leyden; ordained, 1719; a leader of the intruslonists*; a famous preacher and controversialist; his Sermons and Essays published, 1756.
^ John Maclaurin , Lord Dreghorn (1734–1796), Scottish judge; son of Colin Maclauriu; educated at Edinburgh High School and University; advocate, 1756; senator of the College of Justice, with the title Lord Dreghorn, 1788-96; published satirical poems and legal works.
^ Alexander Maclean (1840–1877), painter; studied at Rome, Florence, and Antwerp; exhibited at the Royal Academy, 1872-7.
^ Allan Maclean (1725–1784), colonel; in the Scots brigade in the Dutch service: taken prisoner, 1747; served in America, 1757-83; commanded the operations against Quebec, 1776-7; colonel, 1782.
^ Archibald McLean (1733-1812), baptist minister; a printer and bookseller by trade; successively a presbyterian and Sandemanian; became a baptist minister, 1768; author of religious and controversial works (collected, 1823).
^ Charles Maclean (fl. 1788–1824), medical and political writer; entered the service of the East India Company; appointed surgeon to East Indiameu voyaging to Jamaica and India; settled in Bengal, 1792; ordered to leave India for making an insinuation in an Indian newspaper against a magistrate, 1798; went to Hamburg and was forcibly detained by Napoleon, 1803; left the service on failing to obtain promotion; travelled for the Levant Company, 1815-17; lecturer on the diseases of hot climates to the East India Company; published medical works.
^ Sir Donald McLean (1820-1877), New Zealand statesman; emigrated to Sydney, e. 1837; went to New Zealand and devoted himself to the study of the Maori language; local protector for the Taranaki district; employed in difficult negotiations with the Maoris from 1844; resident magistrate for the Taranaki district, 1850; entered the legislative assembly, 1866; obtained the admittance of Maoris to the assembly, 1867; native minister and minister for colonial defence, 1869-76; brought about a final peace with the natives, 1870; K.C.M.G., 1874; died in New Zealand.
^ John Maclean (1828–1886), first bishop of Saskatchewan: M.A. Aberdeen, 1851; ordained, 1858, and went to Canada under the Colonial and Continental Church Society, 1858; archdeacon of Assiniboia, 1866; bishop of Saskatchewan, 1874; founder of the Alberta University.
^ John Maclean (1835?–1890), actor; first appeared on the stage at Plymouth, 1869; in London, 1861; thenceforth acted constantly at the Gaiety and other theatres.
^ Sir John Maclean (1811–1895), archaeologist; entered ordnance department of war office, 1837; ke of ordnance records in Tower of London, 1855-61, and deputy-chief auditor of army accounts, 1865-71; knighted 1871; works include Parochial and Family History of Deanery of Trigg Minor 1868-79.
^ Letitia Elizabeth Maclean (1802-1838). See Landon
^ Sir Thomas Maclear (1794–1878), astronomer; studied medicine in London; M.R.C.S., 1815; F.R.S., 1831; studied astronomy; royal astronomer at Cape of Good Hope, 1834-70; occupied with the re-measurement and extension of Lacaille's arc, 1837-47; made valuable astronomical, meteorological, magnetic, anl tidal observations; knighted, I860; became blind, 1876; his more important observations recorded in the Cape Catalogues; died at Mowbray, Cape Town.
^ Alexander Macleay (17G7-1848), entomologist and colonial statesman: chief clerk in the prisoners-of-war office, London, 1 795: secretary of the transport board, 1806-18; F.R.S., 1809: colonial secretary for New South Wales, 1825-37; first speaker in the first legislative council, 1843-6; died at Sydney; possessed a fine collection of insects.
^ Sir George Macleay(1809–1891), Australian explorer and statesman: son of Alexander Macleay ; explored South Australia with Sturt: speaker of the legislative council of New South Wales, 1843-6; K.C.M.G., 1875.
^ James Robert Macleay (1811–1892), of the foreign office; son of Alexander Macleay; secretary and registrar to the British and Portuguese commission at the Cape of Good Hope for the suppression of the slave trade, 1843-58.
^ Kenneth Macleay , the elder (fl. 1819), antiquary; physician in Glasgow; published Historical Memoirs of Kob Roy and the Clan MacGregor 1818.
^ Kenneth Macleay , the younger (1802–1878), miniature-painter; son of Kenneth Macleay the elder ; entered the TrusteesAcademy, Edinburgh, 1822; one of the original members of the Royal Scottish Academy, founded, 1826: employed by Queen Victoria to paint figures Illustrative of the highland clan costumes (selection published as Highlanders of Scotland 1870.)
^ Sir William Macleay ( 1820–1891 Australian statesman and naturalist: nephew of Alexander Macleay ; emigrated to Australia, 1839; member of the legislative assembly, 1854-74; formed a valuable entomological museum, afterwards presented to the New South Wales University; member of the legislative council; knighted, 1889.
^ William Sharp Macleay (1792–1865), zoologist: son of Alexander Macleay; educated at Westminster and Trinity College, Cambridge: M.A., 1818; secretary to the board for liquidating British claims in France on the peace of 1815: commissary judge in Havana, 1830-7; went to New South Wales, 1839, where he enlarged his father's collection of insects; chief work, 'Hone Entomologies propounding the circular or quinary system of classification, 2 vols., 1819 and 1821.
^ Mrs Agnes Maclehose (1759–1841), the 'Clarinda' of Robert Burns; nee Craig; grandniece of Colin Maclaurin: married James Maclehose, a Glasgow lawyer, 1776; separated from him, 1780; moved to Edinburgh, 1782; first met Burns, 1787; entered into a familiar correspondence with him and sent him verses; her ambiguous relations with Burns were interrupted for a while by his marriage to Jean Armour, 1788, but were continued till 1791. Mrs. Maclehose went to Jamaica to join her husband, but soon returned, 1792; corresponded with Burns till 1794; the whole correspondence between Burns and herself published, 1843.
^ Archibald McLellan (1797-1854), coachbuilder and amateur of works of art; a leading Glasgow citizen. His collection of pictures forms the nucleus of the Corporation Galleries of Art at Glasgow.
^ John Maclellan (1609?–1651), of Kirkcudbright ; covenanting minister; M.A. Glasgow, 1629; after ordination ministered in Ireland and Scotland; snpixsed to possess the gift of prophecy; prophesied the disaster of Hamilton's force in England, 1648; member of the assembliescommissions, 1642, 1645, and 1649.
^ Sir Robert Maclellan, of Bombie, first Baron Kirkcudbright (d. 1641), succeeded his father as Baron of Bornbie, 1608; gentleman of the bedchamber to James I and Charles I; knighted by James I and created Baron Kirkcudbright (8 Charles I; created
^ John Ferguson McLellan (1827-1881), sociologist; educated at Aberdeen University and Trinity College, Cambridge: B.A., 1853: wrote for the Leader for two years; called to the Scottish bar, 1867; contributed tin- article onLawto the Encyclopedia Britannica (8th edition), 1857; parliamentary draughtsman for Hootland. 1871; LL.D. Aberdeen, 1874; author of Primitive Marriage 1866, a book that gave immenie impetus to research, and other works; originated theory that exogamy was the primitive form of marriage, polyandry and monandry being successive developments.
^ Alexander Macleod (1817–1891), presbyterian divine: educated at Glasgow University; ordained, 1844: D.D., 1866; moderator of tlie presbyterian church of England, 1889; author of articles and essays on rellgtou* subjects.
^ Allan Macleod ( . 1805), political writer : editor and owner of the London Albion Journal; author of virulent pamphlets.
^ Sir Donald Fribell McLeod (1810-1872), Indian administrator; son of Duncan Macleod; born at Calcutta: came to England, 1814; educated at Haileybury; returned to Calcutta, 1828; after holding subordinate posts became commissioner of the Trans-Sutlej states, 1849-54; at Lahore during the mutiny, 1857-8; lieutenant-governor of the Punjab, 1866-70; K.C.S.I., 1866.
^ Duncan McLeod (1780-1856), lieutenant-general; relative of Neil MoLeod; second-lieutenant, Bengal engineers, 1795; chief engineer for Bengal; lieutenant-general, 1851.
^ Sir George Husband Baird Macleod (1828–1892), surgeon; son of Norman Macleod the elder; studied medicine at Glasgow (M.D., 1853), Paris, and Vienna; senior surgeon of the civil hospital at Smyrna during the Crimean war; regius professor of surgery, Glasgow, 1869; knighted, 1887.
^ John McLeod(1777?-1820), naval surgeon and author; surgeon in the navy, 1801: on the Trusty, a slave trade boat, 1803: concerned in the capture of a French ship and tried for piracy: employed on foreign service till 1817; M.D. St. Andrews, 1818; surgeon to the Royal Sovereign yacht, 1818-20: published Narrative of a Voyage in His Majesty's late Ship Alceste to the Yellow Sea, along the coast of Corea 1817, and A Voyage to Africa, 1820.
^ John Macleod (1757–1841), presbyterian divine and Gaelic scholar; educated at Aberdeen University: ordained, 1779: D.D., 1795; superintended publication of Gaelic bible, 1826; general editor of the Gaelic dictionary, 1828.
^ Sir John Macpherson Macleod (1792–1881 X Indian civilian: educated at Haileybury and Edinburgh University; writer in Madras civil service, 1811; commissioner (1832) for government of Mysore, of which province he organised the financial and political administration; K.O.S.I., 1866; privy councillor, 1871.
^ Mary Macleod (1569–1674), Gaelic poetess ; called Poetess of the Isles; her poems chiefly panegyrics of the Macleods.
^ Neil Macleod, eleventh of Assynt (1628?-1697?), betrayed Moutroee to his enemies, 1650; imprisoned for having delivered up Montrose. 1660-6: pardoned, 1666; again imprisoned in consequence of a feud with the Mackenzies, 1672; tried on four charges, although acquitted on two: was deprived of his estates, 1690.
^ Sir Norman Macleod (ft. 1650), founder of the Macleods of Berncra and Muiravonside: joined forces of Charles II, 1650; present at the battle of Worcester, 1661, and tried for high treason; camped; wa mtm lieutenant-colonel and employed by Charles II to carry information to his adherents; knighted at the Restoration,
^ Norman Macleod , the elder (1783–1862), clenry man of the church of Scotland; ordained, 1806; D.D. Glasgow, 1827: moderator of the general assembly, 1836: chaplain in ordinary to Queen Victoria, 1841; author of religious works in Gaelic and English,
^ Norman Macleod , the younger (1812–1872), Scottish divine: son of Norman Macleod the elder; studied divinity at Edinburgh, 1831: ordained, 1838: remained in the church at the disruption, 1843: one of the founders of the Evangelical Alliance, 1847; editor of the Edinburgh Christian Instructor 184: chaplain to Queen Victoria, 1857-72: D.D. Glasgow, 1858: editor of 'Good Words 180-72: made a tour in Palestine and published an account of it, entitled Eastward 1866: visited the mission stations in India, 1867; published Peeps at the Far East 1871.
^ Roderick Macleod (d. 1852), physician : educated at Edinburgh University; M.D., 1816; F.R.C.P., 1836; Gulstonian lecturer, 1837; consiliarius, 1839; editor and proprietor of the London Medical und Physical Journal 1822.
^ Muircheartach Macliac (rf. 1015), Irish poet ; chief poet to Brian (926-1014): present at the battle of Cloutarf, 1014; a legend of Cam Conaill in the Book of Leinster is attributed to him and considered genuine.
^ Daniel Maclise (1806–1870), historical painter ; first studied art at the Cork Academy, 1822; unobserved made a clever drawing of Sir Walter Scott, while in a bookshop at Cork; opened a studio as a portrait-painter; went to London, 1827; came into notice in London by his portrait of Charles Kean, 1827; entered the Academy schools, 1828; exhibited at the Royal Academy, 18291870; contributed series of character portraits, including all the great literary men and women of the time, under the pseudonym of Alfred Croquis, to Fraser's Magazine, 1 1830-8: R.A., 1840; occupied in painting the two frescoes in the Royal Gallery in the House of Lords, Wellington and Bllicher at Waterloo and The Death of Nelson," 1857-66: refused presidency of Royal Academy; designed book illustrations for Tennyson (1860), and for some of his friend Dickens's Christmas books; his frescoes the greatest historical paintings of the English school.
^ Flann Maclonan (d. 896), Irish historian and poet; author of a poem contained in theBook of Leiuster; two other poems attributed to him.
^ Sir Charles Macmahon (1824–1891), captain; son of Sir William MacMahon: in the army, 18421851: served in India and Canada, and (1851) attained a captaincy; entered the Melbourne police, 1853; chief commissioner till 1858: member of the legislative assembly at Melbourne, 1861-86; speaker, 1871-7 and 1880; knighted, 1875.
^ Heber Macmahon , EVER, or EMER, usually latinised as EMERUS MATTHBUS (1600-1650), bishop of Clogher and general in Ulster; educated at the Irish college, Douay, and at Louvain; ordained priest 1625; bishop of Clogher, 1643: a leader among the confederate catholics: general of the Ulster army against Cromwell, 1650; defeated at Scariffhollis, taken prisoner, and executed,
^ Hugh Oge Macmahon (1606?–1644), Irish conspirator; joined the northern conspiracy, 1641; planned the assault on Dublin Castle, was betrayed by an accomplice, and arrested; imprisoned in Dublin and in the Tower of London; escaped, 1644; retaken, tried, and executed.
^ John Henry Macmahon (1829–1900), scholar; M.A. Trinity College, Dublin, 1856: took holy orders, 1883: cliaplain to lord-lieutenant, and, from 1890, to Mount joy prison; published classical translations and other works.
^ Thomas O'Brien M'Mahon (fl. 1777), Irish miscellaneous writer.
^ Sir Thomas Westropp Macmahon , third baronet (1813-1892), general; entered the army, 1829; served in the Sutlej campaign, 1846: major, 1847; served through the Crimean war; succeeded to baronetcy, 1860; general, 1880.
^ Sir William Macmahon, first baronet (b. 1776), Irish judge: called to the Irish bar, 1799; master of the rolls, 1814-37; received a baronetcy, 1814.
^ Terence Bellew Macmanus (1823?–1860), Irish patriot: member of the82 club, 1844; joined the physical force movement, 1848; took part in the Tipperary civil war: arri'stol and transported to Van Diemen's Land, 1849; escaped (1852) to San Francisco, where he died.
^ William Macmichael (1784–1839), physician; of Christ Church, Oxford; M.A., 1807; Radcliffe travelling fellow, 1811; M.D., 1816: F.R.C.P., 1818; censor, 1822, registrar, 1824-9; published (1819)Journey from Moscow to Constantinople an account of his travels, 1814-17; published The Gold-headed Cane 1827: physician in ordinary to William IV, 1831; published also medical works.
^ Angus Macmillan (1810–1865), discoverer of Gippsland, Australia; emigrated to Australia, 1829; explored the country south-west of Sydney, afterwanls called Gippsland, 1839-41; died in Australia.
^ Daniel Macmillan (1813–1857), bookseller and publisher: founder of the firm of Macmillan & Co., London; took service with a Cambridge bookseller, 1833-7, and with Messrs. Seeley of Fleet Street, London, 1837-43: set up for himself with his brother Alexander, at first in i London, but soon re-settled at Cambridge, 1843: added I publishing to the bookselling business at Cambridge, 1844; published Kingsley's Westward Ho 1 1855, and Tom Brown's School Days 1857.
^ John Macmillan (1670–1753), founder of the reformed presbyterian church; studied at Edinburgh University; ordained, 1701; deposed for schismatical practices, 1703; retained his church and manse; resigned in order to terminate the insults to which his appointed successor was subjected, 1715: minister to the 'remnantafterwards called Macmillanites, 1706-43; first pastor of theReformed Presbyterians 1712; published controversial pamphlets.
^ Florence Macmoyer (d. 1713), last keeper of the book of Armagh, written in 807; schoolmaster; pledged the Book of Armagh of which he was custodian, as a member of the Clan MacMoyre, to pay his expenses to London, 1680; a witness, probably perjured, at trial of Oliver Plunket, 1681; imprisoned till after 1683; theBook of Armagh was ultimately sold to Trinity College, Dublin.
^ Diarmaid Macmurchada (Dermod MacMurrough) (1110? - 1171), king of Leinster, succeeding 1126; claimed the south of Ireland, 1134: ravaged the south with great cruelty and abducted DerTorgill, wife of the lord of Breifne, 1152: was defeated and banished by a combination of chieftains, 1166: his offer to become Henry IPs vassal, if assisted in the restoration of his kingdom, accepted; returned to Ireland, 1167, having prevailed on Ricliard de Clare (Strongbow) to assist him, Henry II being unwilling to afford him direct help; took Waterford and Dublin with the aid of various Norman nobles; claimed to be king of all Ireland.
^ Sir William Montagu Scott McMurdo (1819-1894), general: studied at Sandhurst; lieutenant, 22nd foot, 1841; quartermaster-general in Scinde, 18421847; aide-de-camp to Sir Charles James Napier, 1849; served against Afridis, 1851; brevet lieutenantcolonel, 1853; organised transport service in Crimea: aide-de-camp to Queen Victoria and brevet-colonel, 1855; C.B., 1857; colonel commandant of military train, 1857; lieutenant-general, 1876; general, 1878; K.C.B., 1881.
^ Art Macmurrogh or Macmurchad (1357–1417), styled also Cavanagh; Irish chief; descended from Donall, illegitimate son of Diarmaid or Dermod MacMurchada; frequently in arms against the English government for private reasons; a reward offered for his capture by Richard II.
^ Sir Allan Napier Macnab, first baronet (1798-1862), Canadian soldier and politician; born at Newark, now Niagara, Ontario; joined the army and then the navy at the time of the American invasion, 1813-15; called to the Canadian bar, 1826; member of the House of Assembly, 1830, and speaker, 1837-41, 1844-8, and 1862; with the militia in the rebellion, 1837-8; knighted, 1838; created baronet, 1858.
^ Henry Gray Macnab, or Grey (1761-1823), publicist: studied medicine at Montpellier; prepared an educational scheme on Owenite lines, but died at Paris before it was put into practice; published works on education.
^ William Ramsay McNab (1844-1889), botanist; M.D. Edinburgh, 1866; professor of botany, Dublin Royal College of Science, 1872-89; scientific superintendent of Royal Botanic Gardens, Glasnevin, and Swimy lecturer on geology at British Museum: author, of botanical papers and text-books.
^ John Macnaghten or Macnaughton (d. 1761), criminal; educated at Dublin University: sought to marry Miss Knox, an heiress of Prehen, Londonderry,, and persuaded her to go through the ceremony with him; being forbidden to communicate with her by her family, he and his accomplices attacked the couch by which she was travelling to Dublin, and shot her; captured, tried, and liangcd at Strabane.
^ Sir William Hay Macnaghten , first , baronet (1793-1841), diplomatist: educated at Charterhouse School; went to India in the East India Company's service, 1809: studied Hindustani, Persian, and other Asiatic tongues; judge and magistrate of Shahabod, 1820; registrar of the Sudder Dewanny Adawlut for: nine years; published works on Indian law, 1825-0; secretary to Lord Vi11iam Bentinck, 1830-3; In charge of the secret and political departments of the secretariat, 1833-7; accompanied Lord Auckland to the north-west i provinces, 1837; appointed envoy and minister to the Afghan court at Cabul, 1 Oct. 1838; accompanied expe- I dition which placed ShahSoojah on Afghan throne; found difficulty in acting with the military authorities; created baronet and a provisional member of the council of India, 1840; nominated governor of Bombay, 1841; meanwhile j rebellion broke out anew in Afghanistan, and Macuaghten I unsuspectingly accepted the terms of the insurgents, which were not adhered to; he was shot at Cabul by, Akbar Khan, the deposed ameer's son, at a meeting with the chiefs to discuss the situation.
^ William Watts McNair (1849-1889), traveller; joined Indian survey department, 1867; accom- i panied Aghan field force, 1879-80; attempted to visit ! Kafristan disguised as native doctor, but failed, 1883; continued his survey work; died at Mussooree.
^ Leonard Macnally (1752–1820), playwright and political informer; called to the Irish bar, 1776: barrister, Middle Temple, 1783; edited The Public Ledger and wrote plays; joined the United Irishmen, but secretly; betrayed them to the government, 1794-1820; took briefs for the defence in government prosecutions, and disclosed their contents to the crown lawyers; his conduct only discovered after his death; author of dramatic pieces, legal works, and the song,Sweet Lass of Richmond Hill
^ James Macnamara (1768–1826), rear-admiral; entered the navy, 1782: served on foreign stations; commander, 1793: served under Nelson, 1795-6; tried for manslaughter, having mortally wounded Colonel Montgomery in a duel, but was acquitted, 1803: served in the North Sea; rear-admiral, 1814.
^ Thomas McNamara (1808-1892) Irish catholic divine; helped to establish Castlekuock College, co. Dublin, 1834, and acted as its superior, 1804-8; rector of the Irisli College in Paris, 1868-89; wrote works for the catholic clergy.
^ John Macnaughton (d. 1761). See Macnaghten.
^ Sir Daniel Macnee (1806–1882), portraitpainter; employed by William Home Lizars; an academician of the newly founded Royal Scottish Academy, 1830: portrait-painter at Glasgow, 1832; exhibited at the Royal Academy, 1840-81; president of the Royal Scottish Academy, 1876; knighted, 1877.
^ Hugh McNeile (1795-1879), dean of Ripon; M.A. Trinity College, Dublin, 1821; D.D., 1847; ordained, 1820; canon of Chester, 1845-68: dean of Ripon, 1868-76; a strong evangelical; published sermons and religious works.
^ Duncan McNeill, first Baron Colonsay and Oronsay (1793-1874), Scottish judge; educated at St. Andrews and Edinburgh Universities; called to the Scottish bar, 1816; solicitor-general for Scotland, 1H34-5, 18 11-2; M.P., Argyllshire. 1848-51; lord advocate, 1R421846: ordinary lord of tewion M Lord Colonsay and Oronsay, 1851; lord justice-general, 1852-67; created Baron Colonsay and Oroway, 1887.
^ Hector Macneill (1746–1818), Scottish poet; filled a succession of subordinate port* with commercial firms in West Indies, 1761-76: assistant-secretary ou board flagships In naval expeditions, 1 780-6; subsequently fallal to obtain remunerative employment; lived with friends in Scotland and Jamaica: wrote, among poems, Scotland's Scaith, or the History of Will and. 1795. and The Waes oWar, or the Upshot of the History of Will and Jean 1796.
^ Sir John McNeill (1795-1883), diplomatist; brother of Duncan McNeill, first baron Colonsay; M.D. Edinburgh, 1814: surgeon on the East India Company's Bombay establishment, 1816-36; envoy and minister plenipotentiary to the Khali at Teheran, 18S6: failed to prevent the shah from attacking the Afghans, 1838; eventually brought about treaty of commerce between Great Britain and Persia, 1M41; "olmiruian ul the board of supervision of the working of the Scottish 1'our Law Act, 1845-78; on commission of inquiry into the commissariat department and general organisation of troops in Crimea, 1855; privy councillor, 1857; died at Cannes.
^ Sir John Benjamin Macneill (1793?-1880), civil engineer; one of Td ford's chief assistant* in road and bridge making; made known his plan ofsectioplanography 1837: professor of civil engineering at Trinity College, Dublin, 1842-52; knighted, 1844: constructed railway lines in Scotland, and was surveyor to the Irish railway commission; on becoming blind withdrew from professional pursuits; author of works on engineering.
^ William James Macneven or Macnevin (1763-1841), United Irishman; educated at Prague; studied medicine tin-re and practised in Dublin, 1784; joined the United Irishmen, 1797; urged French intervention, and, his memorial falling into the hands of the English, was arrested, 1798; to allay the severity with which the government suppressed the rebellion, disclosed the conspiracy and offered to submit to banishment for life: eventually confined in Fort George, Scotland, till 1802; physician in New York, 1805; held various medical appointments in the College of Physicians and Surgeons there, 1808-39; champion of the Irish in America: died at New York.
^ Donald Macnicol (1735–1802) presbyterian divine and author; graduated at St. Andrew?, 1756: published a defence of the highlands against Dr. Johnson's 'Journey to the Hebrides 1779.
^ Robert Macnish (1802–1837), author and physician; M.D. Glasgow, 1825; contributed his one masterpiece in fiction, The Metempsychosis, to Blackwood 1826; published The Philosophy of Sleep 1830.
^ Alexander Maconochie afterwards Maconochie-Welwood, Lord Meadowbank (1777–1861), Scottish judge; son of Allan Maconochie; admitted advocate, 1799; solicitor-general, 1813: lord advocate, 1816; M.P., Yarmouth, Isle of Wight, 1817-18, Kilrenny district of burghs, 1818-19; raised to the Scottish bench as Lord Meadowbank, 1819: resigned, 1843; assumed the additional surname of Welwood on succeeding to his cousin's estates, 1854.
^ Allan Maconochie, Lord Meadowbank (1748-1816), Scottish jmlge: educated at Edinburgh University; admitted advocate, 1770; professor of public law, Edinburgh, 1779-96: took his seat on the Scottish bench as Lord Meadowbank, 1796; author of legal and agricultural works.
^ James Macphail (fl. 1785–1805) gardener : invented a new method of growing cucumbers; published horticultural works.
^ David Macpherson (1746–1816) historian and compiler; deputy-keeper in London of public records; edited Wyntoun's Orygynal Cronykil of Scotland 1795; assisted in preparing for publication Rotuli Scotiae (vol. i. and part of vol. ii.)
^ Duncan Macpherson (d. 1867), army surgeon and writer: surgeon to the army In Madras, 1836, in China. 1840-2, in Russia, 1855: inspector-general of the medical wrvioe of Madras, 1857; chief work, Antiquities of Kertoh and Researches in the Cimmerian Bosphorus 1887; died at Merkura, Coorg.
^ Ewen Macpherson (d. 1756), of Cluny: Jacobite: before the outbreak of the rebellion supported the government, but on being pressed joined Prince Charles Edward. 1746: helped the prince to escape: tied to France, 1766; died at Dunkirk.
^ Ewen Macpherson (1804–1884), son of Ewen Macpherson (fl. 1756): captain in the 42nd Highlanders; interested himself in the highland volunteer movement; C.B.
^ Sir Herbert Taylor Macpherson (1827-1886), major-general, Bengal staff corps; served under Havelock at Lucknow. gaining the V.C., 1867: transferred to the Indian army, 1H65: commanded a division in the Afghan war. 1878 9: K.C.B., 1879: major-general and present at Tel-el-Kebir, 1882: commander-in-chief at Madras 1886: sent to organise the pacification of Burmah, 1886: fell ill and died on his way from Prome to Rangoon.
^ James Macpherson 1700), the Banff freebooter; of gipsy parentage; wandered about Scotland with his mother till captured, 1700: executed on the charge of going up and doune the country armed: said to have played a rant before his execution, the words of which are probably wrongly attributed to him.
^ James Macpherson (1736–1796), the alleged translator of the Ossianic poems; studied at Aberdeen and Edinburgh Universities; said to have composed over four thousand verses while at college; published The Highlander 1758, and Fragments of Ancient Poetry collected in the Highlands 1760; issued two epic poems, Pingal 1762, and Temora 1763, which he alleged to be translated from the Gaelic of a poet called Ossian; was generally believed to have wholly invented the poems; never seriously rebutted the charge of forgery: attacked by Dr. Johnson in his Journey to the Western Islands of Scotland 1775: secretary to the governor of Pensacola, West Florida, 1764-6; published Original Papers containing the Secret History of Great Britain from the Restoration till the Accession of George I 1775; employed by North's ministry to defend their American policy, from 1766; M.P., Camelford, 1780-96; London agent to Mohammed Ali, nabob of Arcot, 1781. After Macpherson's death a committee was appointed by the Highland Society of Scotland to investigate the Ossianic poems, 1797. They reported that while a great legend of Fiugul and Ossian existed in Scotland, Macpherson had liberally allied his originals and inserted passages of his own. Subsequent investigation has confirmed the committee's conclusions.
^ John Macpherson (1710–1765), presbyterian minister: M.A. Aberdeen, 1728: D.D., 1761: work on the Ancient Caledonians published, 1768.
^ Sir John Macpherson, first baronet (1745–1881), governor-general of India: educated at Edinburgh University; writer under the East India Company at Madras, 1770-6: dismissed in consequence of his conduct while on a secret mission to England for the nabob of the Carnatic in 1768, 1777; reinstated, 1781; M.P., Cricklade, 1779-82, Horsham, 1796-1802; member of the supreme council at Calcutta, 1782: governor-general of India, 1786-6; created baronet, 1786.
^ John Macpherson (1817–1890), physician: brother of Samuel Charters Macpherson and of William Macpherson: M.A. and hon. M.D. Aberdeen: studied medicine in London and abroad, 1835-9 member Royal College of Surgeons, 1839; in the East India Company's service, 1839-64, becoming inspectorgeneral of hospitals; published medical works.
^ Paul Macpherson (1766–1846), Scottish abbé; studied at the Scots Colleges in Rome and Valladolid; procurator of the mission in Scotland, 1791; agent of the Scottish clergy at Rome, 1793-8 and 1800-11; first Scottish rector of the Scots College in Rome, 1820-6 and 1836-46; died at Rome.
^ Samuel Charters Macpherson (1806-1 860), political agent in India: brother of John Macpherson I (1817-1890) ami of William Macpherson; ! studied at Edinburgh University and at Trinity College, Cambridge: cntt-n-i the Indian army, 1827; despatched to obtain info.-mntion about the K howls in Gumsur. 1837-9: principal assistant to the agent, completely I reforming the tribe, 1842-4: governor-general's agent for suppression of human sacrifice in Orissa. 1845; agent at Gwalior: prevented Gwalior tribes from joining the mutiny, 1867; died in India.
^ William Macpherson (1812–1893), legal writer : brother of John Macpherson (1817-1890), and of Samuel Charters Macpherson; of Charterhouse School and Trinity College, Cambridge; barrister, Inner Temple, 1837; M.A., 1838; master of equity in the supreme court, Calcutta, 1848-59: edited the Quarterly Review 1860-7; secretary to the Indian law commission, 1861-70; in the India office as legal adviser, 1874-9, and as secretary in the judicial department, 1879-82; chief work, Procedure of the Civil Courts of India 1850.
^ Lachlan Macquarie (d. 1824), major-general and governor of New South Wales: entered the army, 1777; served in America and Jamaica, 1777-84, India, China, and Egypt, 1787-1807; governor of New South Wales, 1809-21; personally encouraged exploration in the colony: his administration attacked at home for his i efforts on behalf of the convict population.
^ James Macqueen (1778–1870), geographer; manager of a sugar plantation in the West Indies, 1796; a student of African geography; edited Glasgow i Courier 1821; wrote in London on politics, geography, economics, and general literature.
^ John Fraser Macqueen (1803–1881), lawyer; barrister, Lincoln's Inn, 1838; bencher, 1861; official reporter of Scottish and divorce appeals in the House of Lords, 1860-79; compiled 4 vols. of appellate reports, ! 1801-5; Q.C., 1861: published legal works,
^ Robert Macqueen, Lord Braxfield (1722–1799), Scottish judge; educated at Edinburgh University; admitted advocate, 1744; ordinary lord of session as Lord Braxfield, 1776; lord of justiciary, 1780; lord justice clerk, 1788; expert in feudal law.
^ Denis Ange Macquin (1756–1823), abbe and miscellaneous writer; born at Meaux; professor of belleslettres and rhetoric at Meaux; came to England, 1792; heraldic draughtsman to the College of Arms, 1793; published works on heraldry and other subjects.
^ James Macrae (1677?–1744), governor of Madras ; went to sea, 1692; subsequently served under the East India Company: governor of Madras, 1725; effected reforms in the fiscal administration; settled in Scotland. 1731.
^ William Charles Macready (1793–1873), actor: educated at Rugby; made his first appearance at Birmingham as Romeo, 1810: acted in the provinces with his father's company, at Newcastle playing with Mrs. Siddons; first appeared at Covent Garden, London, 1816; raised by his Richard III to the undisputed head of the theatre, 1819; quarrelled with the management of Covent Garden, and began to play at Drury Lane, 1823; acted in America, 1826-7, and in Paris, 1828; manager of Covent Garden, 1837-9; produced theLady of Lyons 1838; at the Haymarket, 1839-41; manager of Drury Lane, 1841-3; visited America, 1843; played in Paris with Miss Helen Faucit; while in America (1848) was involved in an unfortunate quarrel with the actor Forrest, which caused a riot; obliged to leave the country in consequence; took leaveof the stage as Macbeth at Drury Lane, 1851; called by Talfourd the most romantic of actors; his impersonation of King Lear still held to be unrivalled,
^ Cox Macro (1683–1767), antiquary ; educated at Christ's College, Cambridge (LL.Ii., 1710), and Leyden University; chaplain to George II; D.D. Cambridge, 1717; collected valuable antiquities, books, paintings, coins, and medals.
^ James Macsparran (d. 1757), writer on America; M.A. Glasgow, 1709; ordained, 1720; sent as a missionary to Narragausett, Rhode island, 1721, and ministered there till his death; visited England, 1736 and 1754-6; made D.D. Oxford as u recognition of his effort* against the dissenters, 1737: warned intending gainst emigrating to America in America Dissected 1763.
^ Owen Macswinny (d. 1754). See Swinny.
^ John Mactaggart (1791–1830), encyclopedist and versifier; studied at Edinburgh: clerk of works to Rideau canal. Canada, 1826-8: publishedScott vidian Encyclopedia 1824, and Three Years la Canada,* 182y.
^ John Gibson Macvicar (1800–1884), author; educated at St. Andrews and Edinburgh Universities: lecturer in natural history at St. Andrews, 1827: paotor of the Scottish Church lu Ceylon, 1839-52; published scientific works.
^ Robert Macward or Macuard (1633?–1687), covenanting minister; studied at St. Andrews University; ordained, 1654: preached in support of the covenant, 16G1; banished to Holland; died at Amsterdam: published religious pamphlets.
^ James Ormiston McWilliam (1808-1862), medical officer to the Niger expedition; surgeon in the navy, 1830; M.I). Edinburgh, 1840: appointed senior surgeon (1840) on the Albert, one of the ships which joined the Niger expedition; practically saved his own ship when a fever broke out among the members of the expedition at the mouth of the Niger and their return was necessary, 1841; published his Medical History of the Niger Expedition 1843; sent to the Cape de Verde islands to study the yellow fever; medical officer to the custom house, 1847-C2; F.R.S., 1848.
^ Martin Madan (1726–1790), author of Thelyphthora; educated at Westminster School and Christ Church, Oxford; B.A., 1746; barrister, 1748; adopted methodist principles after hearing a sermon by Wesley; ordained; became chaplain of the Lock Hospital, 1750-80; in close connection with Lady Huntingdon; corresponded with John Wesley; published Thelyphthora, a book in favour of polygamy, 1780, which excited public indignation, the poet Cowper being among its assailants; author of religious works.
^ Spencer Madan (1729–1813), bishop successively of Bristol and Peterborough; younger brother of Martin Madan; of Westminster and Trinity College, Cambridge; M.A., 1753; fellow, 1753; D.D., 1756; chaplain in ordinary to the king, 1761-87; bishop of Bristol, 17921794, of Peterborough, 1794-1813.
^ Spencer Madan (1768–1836), translator of Grotius; son of Spencer Madan (1729-1813); of Westminster School and Trinity College, Cambridge: M.A., 1778; chaplain in ordinary to the king, 1788; prebendary of Peterborough, 1800; D.D., 1809; published translation of Grotius's De Veritate 1782.
^ Sir Frederic Madden (1801–1873), antiquary and palaeographer; nephew of Sir George Allan Madden ; collated manuscripts of Caedmon for Oxford University, 1825; engaged on the British Museum Catalogue 1826 -8; assistant-keeper of manuscripts, 1828; head of the department, 1837-66; F.R.S., 1830: an original member of the Athenaeum Club, 1830: knighted, 1883; edited Layamon's Brut 1847, and Wyclif's Bible 1850.
^ Sir George Allan Madden (1771–1828), major-general in the British and Portuguese armies; entered the army, 1788: served in Italy, Corsica, and Portugal, 1793-5; in Egypt, 1801; tried by court-martial for perjury, 1801: had to resign his commission, 1802; brigadier-general in the Portuguese iirmy, 1809; served with the Spanish troops. 1810-13; reinstated in the British army, 1818; knighted, 1816; major-general in the British army, 1819.
^ Richard Robert Madden (1798-1886), miscellaneous writer; studied medicine at Paris, Naples, and London; one of the special magistrates appointed to administer statute abolishing slavery in Jamaica plantations. 1833-41; superintendent of liberated Africans, and judge-arbitrator in the mixed court of commission,Havana, 1836-40: special commissioner on the west coast of Africa, 1841-3; special correspondent of the Morning Chronicle 1843-G; colonial secretary of Western Australia, 1847-60; secretary to the Loan Fund Board, Dublin Castle, 1810-80; F.R.O.8., 1856; best-known work, The United Irishmen, their Lives and Times, 7 vols, 1843-6.
^ Samuel Madden (1686-17M), miscellaneous writer and philanthropist: B.A. Dublin, 170i: D.D., 1723; ordained and held cum; organised the system of premium* in Dublin University. 1780: chief work Reflections and Resolutions proper for the Gentlemen of Ireland as to their conduct for the service of their country, 1738.
^ Sir Ralph Maddison or Maddestone (1571?-1656?), economic writer: knighted, 1608; member of the royal oommUsion on the woollen trade, 1611; held office in the mint during the Commonwealth; author of England's Looking in and out: presented to the High Court of Parliament now assembled a olw ffrtmmmt of the theory of the balance of trade, 1640.
^ Henry Maddock (d. 1824), legal author; educated at St. John's College, Cambridge; barrister, Lincoln Inn, 1801; died at St. Lucia in the West Indies; chief work, 'A Treatise on the... High Court of Chancery' 2 vols. 1816.
^ Isaac Maddox (1697–1769), bishop of Worcester: M.A. Edinburgh, 1723: ordained, 1723: B.A. Queen's College, Oxford, 1724: M.A. Queens' College. Cambridge, 1728; published his best-known work, a Vindication of the Elizabethan settlement of the church of England, 1733; dean of Wells, 1734; bishop of St. Asapb, 1786, of Worcester, 1743.
^ Willis Maddox (1813–1863), painter; exhibited at the Royal Academy, 1844-62; invited to I to paint the sultan: died at Pera.
^ Watkin Maddy (d. 1857), astronomer ; of St. John's College, Cambridge; M.A., 1823: fellow, 1823; B.D., 1830; joined Cambridge Astronomical Society: published The Elements of the Theory of Plane Astronomy 1826.
^ Maderty first Baron (1640?-1623). See James Drummond.
^ Nicholas Madgett or Madget (fl. 1799), Irish adventurer; in the French foreign office, 1794; sapported scheme for French expedition to Ireland, 1796; member of a secret committee for managing the affairs of Ireland and Scotland 1798; wrongly identified with another Maget, an Irish priest.
^ William Alexander Madocks (1774–1828), philanthropist; M.A. Christ Church, Oxford, 1799: reclaimed marsh laud in Carnarvonshire and founded the town of Tremadoc; M.P., Boston, Lincolnshire, 1802-20, Ohippenham, 1820-8: died in Paris.
^ Madog ap Maredudd (d. 1160), prince of Powys; nephew of Iorwerth ab Bleddyn; prince of Powys during the reign of Stephen; allied himself with the English to protect his own domains; defeated in battle by the Prince of Gwynedd: probably had a secret understanding with Henry II.
^ Madog ab Owain Gwynedd (1150–1180?), supposed discoverer of America; said in a Welsh poem of the fifteenth century to have gone to sea in ten ships and never returned. Dr. David Powel, who published Llwyd's translation of the -Hint y Tywysoeion 1584, with additions of his own, declared that Madog, after leaving Ireland to the north, came to a hind which must have been Florida or New Spain. The story, which is unsupported by evidence, is the subject of Southey's poem of Madoc
^ Madog ap Gruffydd Maelor (d. 1236), prince of Northern Powys; ruler of Northern Powys, 1197: an ally of Llywelyn ab Iorwerth; founded Valle Crucis Abbey, 1200.
^ Madog (fl. 1294–1295), leader of the North Welsh rebellion: in consequence of heavy taxation rose in rebellion with many of the Welsh, 1294; forced to submit by Edward I, 1295.
^ Madog Benfras (i.e. Greathead) (fl. 1350), Welsh poet; prominent with his brothers in the revival of Welsh poetry.
^ Thomas Madox (1666–1727), legal antiquary; sworn clerk in the Lord-Treasurer's office; joint-clerk in the auirmentation office, and published his Formulare Amrlicauum 1702, his History and Antiquities of the Exchequer of the Kings of England 1711 one of his best-known works; historiographer royal, 1714.
^ Mael, Iriash saint (d. 487).
^ Mael-Dubh (d. 675?), Scottish or Irish teacher. See Maildulf.
^ Maelgarbh (d. 544). See Tuathal.
^ Maelgwn Gwynedd (d. 550?), British king; possibly the 'Maglocune' of Gildas: according to tradition snoceedal to the throne by overthrowing an uncle; probably died of the 'yellow pestilence'.
^ Maelmura (d. 886), Irish historian ; monk of Fahan; one of his historical poems preserved in the Book of Leinster
^ Maelsechlainn I (d. 863), king of Ireland : succeeded his father, 842; defeated the Danes, 844 and 847; thrice Invaded Minister; again defeated the Danes, 869.
^ Maelsechlainn II (949–1022), king of Ireland : chief of his clan, 979: became king of all Ireland, 980; defeated the Danes, 980 and 1000: recognised the superiority of Brian (926-1014) as king, 1002; regained his kingship on Brian's death in the battle of Cluantarbh (Clontarf ), in which the Danes were finally overthrown, 1014.
^ Francis Magan (1772?–1843), Irish informer: graduated at Trinity College, Dublin, 1794: admitted to the Irish bar, 1793; acted as government spy on Lord Edward Fitzgerald (1763-1798), 1798; elected member of the committee of United Irishmen on the night of Fitzgerald's arrest; commissioner for enclosing waste lands and commons, 1821; had a secret pension from government until 1834. M AGAUR AN, EDMUND (1548-1593), Roman catholic archbishop of Armagh; educated abroad; sent on a mission to the pope by the Irish chiefs, 1581: bishop of Ardagh, 1581; archbishop of Armagh and primate of nil Ireland, 1687; went to Spain and obtained from Philip II a promise of help for the Irish against Queen Elizabeth, 1692: instigated a rebellion: killed in an engagement with Elizabeth's troops.
^ James Magee (d. 1866), Irish journalist ; son of John Magee (d. 1809); conducted theDublin Evening Postfrom 1815; was subsequently a Dublin police magistrate.
^ John Magee (J. 1809), Irish journalist and colliery broker: proprietor and printer ofMagee's Weekly Packet 1777, of theDublin Evening Post 1779; opposed government measures in his paper; tried for libel on Francis Higgins (1746-1802) and found guilty, 1789; imprisoned in Newgate, Dublin.
^ John Magee (ft. 1814), son of John Magee (d. 1809) q. v.1; carried on the Dublin Evening Post; convicted of libel and imprisoned, 1813 and 1814: defended by Daniel O'Oonnell.
^ Martha Maria Magee (d. 1846), foundress of the Magee College, Londonderry; daughter of Mr. Stewart of Lurgan, co. Armagh; married (1780) William Magee (d. 1800), presbyterian minister; inherited a fortune from her brothers: left £20,000 to erect and endow a college for the Education of the Irish presbyterian ministry (Magee College, opened, 1866).
^ William Magee (1766–1831), archbishop of Dublin: educated at Trinity College, Dublin; B. A., 1785; fellow, 1788; ordained, 1790; Donellan lecturer, 1795; professor of mathematics, Trinity College, Dublin, 1800; published sermons, delivered (1798 and 1799) in Trinity College Chapel as Discourses on the Scriptural Doctrines of Atonement and Sacrifice 1801; dean of Cork, 1813-19; bishop of Raphoe, 1819-22: archbishop of Dublin, 1822-31; rendered considerable services to the Irish church; his 'Works published, 1842.
^ William Connor Magee (1821–1891), successively bishop of Peterborough and archbishop of York; grandson of William Magee; entered Trinity College, Dublin, 1835: M.A., 1854; ordained, 1845; held various livings in England and Ireland, 1846-64: D.D. Dublin, I860; dean of Cork, 1864-8: Donnellan lecturer at Trinity College, Dublin, 18C5; dean of the Chapel Royal, Dublin, 1866-8; bishop of Peterborough, 1868-91; opposed Irish disestablishment: honorary D.O.L. Oxford, 1870; archbishop of York, 1891: one of the greatest orators and most brilliant controversialists of his day; published speeches, addresses, and sermons.
^ Jean Hyacinthe de Magellan or Magalhaens (1723–1790), scientific investigator; descendant of the Portuguese navigator who discovered Magellan Straits in 1520: born probably at Talavera; Augustinian monk; abandoned monastic life for scientific research, 1763; reached England, 1764; F.R.S., 1774; published work on English reflecting instruments, 1775; engaged in perfecting the construction of scientific instruments; published descriptions of them, and the memoirs of his friend the Hungarian Count de Benyowsky (posthumous, 1791).
^ Conall Mageoghegan (fl. 1635), Irish historian; translated The Annals of Clonmacnois 1627.
^ Magheramorne, first Baron (1823–1890). See Sir James Macnaghten Mcgarel Hogg.
^ Robert Magill (1788–1839), Irish presbyterian clergyman; M.A. Glasgow, 1817; licensed to preach, 1818; his best-known work, The Thinking Few 1828.
^ Edward Maginn (1802–1849), Irish catholic prelate; educated at the Irish College, Paris; ordained priest, 1825; agitated for the repeal of the union, 1829; coadjutor to the bishop of Derry and nominated bishop of Ortosia in the archbishopric of Tyre, in partibus infidelium, 1845; D.D.
^ William Maginn (1793–1842), poet, journalist, and miscellaneous writer; educated at Trinity College, Dublin; B.A., 1811; LL.D., 1819: contributed to Blackwood's Magazine 1819-28 and 1834-42; in Edinburgh, 1821-3; settled in London, 1823; joint-editor of the 'Standard contributed to the Age; established 'Fraser's Magazine 1830, his Gallery of Literary Characters being its most popular feature; his masterpiece in humorous fiction, Bob Burke's Duel with Ensign Brady 1834; published his Homeric Ballads in Fraser 1838; published reproductions of Lucian's dialogues in the form of blank-verse comedies, 1839; his health ruined after imprisonment for debt; the original of Thackeray's Captain Shandon.
^ Saint Maglorius (495?–575), second bishop of Dol in Brittany; educated in the college of St. Illtyd at Llantwit Major; placed at the head of one of the religious communities of St. Sampson, near Dol; ordained priest and bishop; episcopal abbot there; retired to Jersey, where his hermitage grew into a monastery; his relics removed to Paris in the tenth century.
^ Thomas Magnus (d. 1550), ambassador; archdeacon of the East Riding of Yorkshire, 1504; employed on diplomatic missions, 1509-19 and 1524-7; present at the Field of the Cloth of Gold, 1520; privy councillor, c. 1520; incorporated in a doctor's degree at Oxford, 1520; canon of Windsor. 1520-49; prebendary of Lincoln, 1522-1548; paymaster of the forces and treasurer of the wars in the north, 1523; custodian of St. Leonard's Hospital, York, 1529.
^ Augustin Magraidan (1349–1406). See MacGradoigh.
^ John Macrory Magrath, in Irish Eoghan MacRuadhri MacGraith (fl. 1459), Irish historian; one of a family of hereditary men of letters; chief historian to the Dal Oais in Thomond; author of Cathreim Thoirdhealbhaigh, a history of the wars of Thomond, of which the best existing copy is by Andrew MacCuirtin.
^ Meiler Magrath (1523?–1622), archbishop of Cashel; became a Franciscan friar: lived, when young, in Rome; bishop of Clogher, 1570-1; archbishop of Cashel and bishop of Emly, 1571; attacked by James Fitzmaurice Fitzgerald (d. 1679) for imprisoning friars, 1571-80; continued to serve the government, though intriguing with rebels; bishop of Waterford and Lismore, 1582-1607; received sees of Killala and Achonry, 1611; according to Sir John Davies, 'a notable example of pluralities'.
^ Cathal Macmaghnusa Maguire 1498), Irish historian: archdeacon of Clogher, 1483: collected a fine library of manuscripts, and compiled The Historical Book of Ballymacmanus (Annals of Ulster 60-1498); according to Paul Harris, author of additions to the Felire of Oengus and annotations to the Register of Clogher
^ Connor Maguire or Cornelius, second Baron of Enniskillen (1616-1645), succeeded to peerage, 1684: inveigled by Roger More into taking part in catholic conspiracy, 1641, which was discovered thromrh the folly of Hugh Oge MacMahon; imprisoned in the Tower of London and subsequently in Newgate: trial and sentenced to be hanged, drawn, and quartered.
^ Hugh Maguire, Lord of Fermanagh (d. 1600), implicated in a plot with Hugh O'Neill, second earl of Tyrone; succeeded to estates of Fermanagh, 1589; declared by the lord-deputy of Ireland to be a traitor; invaded Connaught; driven back by Sir Richard Bingham; slain in Tyrone's expedition into Munster and Leinster.
^ John Francis Maguire (1815–1872), Irish politician: called to the Irish bar, 1843; journalist: founded (1841) and conducted Cork Examiner M.P., Dungarvan, 1852, Cork, 1865-72: acted with the Independent Irishmen; took prominent part in debates on the Irish land question; upheld the papacy and published Rome and its Ruler for which the pope named him knight commander of St. Gregory, 1866: issued third edition as 'The Pontificate of Pius IX 1870: published also miscellaneous works.
^ Nicholas Maguire (1460?-1512), bishop of Leighlin; educated at Oxford; bishop of Leighlin, 1490; completed the Chronicon Hiberniae and Vita Milonis Episcopi Leighlinensis
^ Robert Maguire (1826–1890), controversialist; educated at Trinity College, Dublin; clerical secretary. to the Islington Protestant Institute, 1852; M. A., 1855; D.D., 1877; a popular preacher and lecturer; published addresses and sermons.
^ Thomas Maguire (1792–1847), Roman catholic controversialist: educated at Maynooth College; ordained, 1816: held various livings; engaged in platform discussions, of which Authenticated Reports appeared in 1827 and 1839.
^ Thomas Maguire (1831–1889), classical scholar and metaphysician; first Roman catholic fellow of Trinity College, Dublin: educated at Trinity College; B.A., 1855: obtained law studentship at Lincoln's Inn, 1861; barrister, Lincoln's Inn, 1862; LL.D. Dublin, 1868; after Fawcett's Actof 1873 was elected to a fellowship at Trinity College, Dublin, 1880: professor, classical composition (chair specially created), till 1882: professor of moral philosophy, 1882-9; took part in discussion concerning the Pigott letters: published philosophical works, including Essays on the Platonic Idea 1866, and translations.
^ Frederick Henry Horatio Akbar Mahomed (1849–1884), physician ; son of the keeper of a Turkish bath; studied at Guy's Hospital, London; M.R.O.S., 1872; resident medical officer at the London Fever Hospital; medical tutor at St. Mary's Hospital, London, 1875: M.D. Brussels; medical registrar at Guy's, London: entered Gains College, Cambridge, going up to Cambridge every night to keep his term: F.R.C.P., 1880; M.B. Cambridge and assistant- physician to Guy's Hospital, London, 1881; contributed to medical periodicals.
^ Viscount Mahon (1805–1875). See Philip Henry Stanhope.
^ Charles James Patrick Mahon , better known as The O'Gorman Mahon (1800-1891), Irish politician: educated at Trinity College, Dublin; M.A., 1826; urged O'ConneU to wrest Clare from William Vesey Fitzgerald when Fitzgerald became president of the board of trade in 1828: failed to gain the seat himself in 1831, quarrelling with O'Connell in consequence: M.P., Ennis, 1847-52; lived a life of adventure under many flags 1852-71: as a supporter of Charles Stewart Parnell was M.P. for Clare, 1879-85; sat for Oarlow, 1887-91, repudiating Paruell in 1890.
^ Connor Mahony, Cornelius or Constantine (fl. 1650), Irish Jesuit: author of Disputatio Apologetics de Jure Regni Hiberniae pro Catholicos Hibernis adversus haereticos Anglos, urging the Irish to elect a Roman catholic king for themselves, 1645.
^ Francis Sylvester Mahony , best known by his pseudonym of Father Prout (1804-1866), humorist; educated at the Jesuit collages of Clongoweswood, co. Kildare. and of St. Acheul, Amiens, and at Borne; admitted Jesuit; master of rhetoric at the Cloogoweswood Jesuitscollege, August 18JU; dismissed from the order, November 1830: abandoned the priesthood for literary life In London; befriended by William Maginn; contributed entertaining papers, over signature Father Prout to'Fraser's Magazine 1834-4 (published collectively, 1836); contributed poems to Benttey's Miscellany 1837; correspondent at Rome to the Dally New*,* 1846: Paris correspondent to the Globe 1855-66: died in Paris.
^ James Maidment (1795?–1879), Scottish antiquary: called to the Scottish bar, 1817: advocate: much engaged in disputed peerage canes; Interested in historical :ui'l antiquarian research: edited works for the Bannnatyne, Maitland, Abbotsford, and Hunterian clubs, and for the Spottiswoode Society. One of his most valuable works is the Dramatists of the Restoration 1877.
^ Clement Maidstone or Maydestone (fl. 1410), theologian and historical writer: probably a Trinitarian friar; author of ecclesiastical works.
^ Ralph of Maidstone (d. 1246).
^ Richard Maidstone or Maydestone (d. 1396), Carmelite: educated at Oxford; D.D., and confessor to John of Gaunt; prominent opponent of Wyclif; manuscripts by him preserved in the Bodleian Library, British Museum, and elsewhere.
^ Edward Maihew (1570–1625), Benedictine; educated in the English College at Douay, and subsequently at Rome; took orders; secular priest in England; Benedictine in the abbey of Westminster, 1G07; prior of the monastery of St. Laurence at Dieulwurt in Lorraine, 1614-20; died at Cambray; author of some religious
^ Maildulf or Malduf (d. 675?) Scottish or Irish teacher; gave his name to the town of Malmesbury; according to William of Malmesbury, opened a school in the spot now called Malmesbury which Aidhelm attended, and where he took the tonsure later.
^ Stephen Charles Triboudet Maimbray or Mainbray. (1710–1782). See Demainbray.
^ James Main (1700?–1761). See Man.
^ Robert Main (1808–1878), astronomer : brother of Thomas John Main: fellow of Queens' College, Cambridge; took orders; M.A., 1837; chief assistant at the Royal Observatory, 1835: gold medallist. Astronomical Society, 1858; F.R.S., 1860; Radcliffe observer, 1860; edited first Radcliffe catalogue and compiled second, 1800; collected materials for a third, with the Redhill transit circle purchased (1861) from Richard Christopher Carrington; published astronomical treatise* and addresses.
^ Thomas John Main (1818–1886), mathematician ; younger brother of Robert Main: senior wrangler, St. John's College, Cambridge, 1838; took orders: M.A., 1841; naval chaplain: placed on retired list, 1869: for thirty-four years professor of mathematics at the Royal Naval College, Portsmouth; published works on applied mathematics.
^ Sir Henry James Sumner Maine (18tt-1888), jurist: of Christ's Hospital, London, and Pembroke College, Cambridge; senior classic, 1844; junior tutor at Trinity Hall, Cambridge, 1845-7: reglos professor of civil law, 1847-64: called to the bar, 1860; reader in Roman law and jurisprudence at the Inns of Court, 1862; contributed to theSaturday Review from its start in 1866; published Ancient Law: it* Connection with the Early History of Society and its PlslttaM to Modern Ideas 1881- legal member of the council of India, 1862-9; Corpus profwaor of jurisprudent, oxford, 1KG9-78; pub1Village Communities 1K71, Ivirly HUtory of Institutions 1875, and Dissertations on Karly LAW and Customs 1888; K.C.S.I. and appointed to a eat on the Indian council, 1871: master of Trinity Hall, i'ambridge, 1877-88; Whewell professor of international law, Cambridge. 1887-8: died at Cannes; one of the earliest to apply tlie historical method to the study of political institutions.
^ Jasper Maine (1604–1672). See Mayne.
^ Arthur Mainwaring or Maynwaring (1668-1712), auditor of imprests: entered Christ Church, Oxford. 1688, and the Inner Temple, 1687; at first opposed, but subsequently served the revolution government: auditor of imprests, 1705-12; M.P., Preston, 1706-10, West Looe, 1710-12; started the k Medley 1710; in his writings attacked Sacheverell, defended Marlborough, and arraigned the French policy.
^ Everard Mainwaring (1628-1699?). See Maynwaring.
^ Matthew Mainwaring (1661–1652), romancist; published Vienna, an adaptation of a romance of Catalonian origin, c. 1618.
^ Sir Philip Mainwaring (1589–1661), secretary for Ireland: B.A. Brasenose College, Oxford, 1613; M.P., Boroughbridge, 1624-6, Derby, 1628-9, Morpeth, 1640, Newton, Lancashire, 1661; knighted, 1634: secretary to the lord-lieutenant of Ireland, the Earl of Strafford, 1634; returned to London and was imprisoned as a delinquent, 1660-1.
^ Roger Mainwaring (1590–1653). See Manwaring.
^ Rowland Mainwaring (1783–1862), naval commander and author: present at the battle of the Nile, 1798, at the blockade of Copenhagen, 1801: captain, 1830: author ofInstructive Gleanings., on Painting and Drawing 1832, and Annals of Bath 1838.
^ Sir Thomas Mainwaring, first baronet (1623-1689), Author of the Defence of Amicia; entered Brasenose College, Oxford, 1637, and Gray's Inn, 1640; took parliamentary side in civil war, but at the Restoration gained favour at court; created baronet, 1660. His Defence of Amicia to prove that his ancestor Amicia was the lawful daughter of Earl Hugh of Cyveiliog see HUOH, d. 1181 (published, 1673), led to a controversy with his relative Sir Peter Leycester
^ Joseph Mainzer (1801–1861), teacher of music; born at Treves: ordained, 1826: singing-master to the college at Treves: being compelled to leave Germany on account of his political opinions, went to Brussels, 1833; proceeded to Paris and came to England, 1839; bestknown work, Singing for the Million 1841.
^ John Mair (1469–1650). See John Major.
^ Christopher Maire (1697–1767), Jesuit; educated at St. Omer: joined Jesuits, 1716; professed, 1733; rector of the English College at Rome, 1744-50; died at Ghent; author of Latin theological and astronomical works.
^ William Maire (d. 1769), Roman catholic prelate: educated at the English College, Douay: ordained priest, 1780; served the Durham mission, 1742-67; coadjutor to the vicar-apostolic of the northern district of England, 1767-9.
^ Anthony Maitland , tenth Earl of Lauderdale (1786-1863), admiral of the red; son of James G.C.M.G.: last baron Lnuderdale.
^ Charles Maitland , third Earl of Lauderdale (d. 1691), brother of John Maitlaud, first duke of Lauderdale; master-general of the Scottish mint; privy councillor, 1661; commissioner to parliament for oEdinburgh, and lord of the articles, 1669; I -depute. 1871; created baronet, 1672. assisted her in the management of Scottish affairs, 16741: aoctwed of perjury and deprived of his position; succeded as Earl of Lauderdale, 1682. 350
^ Charles Maitland (1815–1866), author; nephew of Sir Peregrine Maitland; M.D., Edinburgh, 1838; studied theology and graduated B.A. Magdalen Hall, Oxford, 1852; held various curacies; author of the first popular book on theCatacombs of Rome," 1846.
^ Edward Maitland (1824–1897), mystical writer: B.A. Caius College, Cambridge, 1847; wont to California, 1849, became a commissioner of crown lands in Australia, and returned to England, 1857: published romances, including The Pilgrim and the Shrine 1 (largely autobiographical), 1867: collaborated with Anna Kingsford in Keys of the Creeds(1875), and joined her in crusade against materialism, animal food, and vivisection; declared (1876) that he had acquired a new sense, that of spiritual sensitiveness which enabled him to see the spiritual condition of people; published, with Anna Kingsford,The Perfect Way: or the Finding of Christ 1882, and founded with her the Hermetic Society, 1884; founded Esoteric Christian Union, 1891. His publications include Anna Kingsford. Her Life, Letters, Diary, and Work 1896.
^ Edward Francis Maitland, Lord Barcaple (1803-1870), Scottish judge; brother of Thomas Maitland, lord Dundrennan; LL.D. Edinburgh: advocate, 1831: solicitor-general for Scotland, 1855-8 and 1859-62; lord of session as Lord Barcaple, 1802-70.
^ Frederick Maitland (1763–1848), general: grandson of Charles Maitland, sixth earl of Lauderdale; entered the army, 1779; present as lieutenant at the relief of Gibraltar, 1782; served chiefly in the West Indies: lieutenant-colonel. 1795; major-general, 1805; lieutenant-governor of Grenada, 1805-10; lieutenantgeneral, 1811: second in command in the Mediterranean, 1812; lieutenant-governor of Dominica, 1813; general, 1825.
^ Frederick Lewis Maitland (d. 1786), captain of the royal navy; son of Charles Maitland, sixth earl of Lauderdale: commanded the royal yacht, 1763-75; served under Rodney, 1782; rear-admiral, 1786.
^ Sir Frederick Lewis Maitland (1777–1839), rear-admiral; son of Frederick Lewis Maitland (d. 1786) ; served in the Mediterranean and off the French and Spanish coasts; commanded on the Halifax and West India stations, 1813-14; as commander of the Bellerophon took Napoleon to England, 1815; C.B., 1815; K.C.B. and rear-admiral, 1830; admiral superintendent of Portsmouth dockyard, 1832-7; comma nder-in-chief in the East Indies and China, 1837-9; died at sea.
^ James Maitland, eighth Earl of Lauderdale (1769–1839), studied at Edinburgh High School and University, Trinity College, Oxford (1775), and Glasgow University; admitted to Lincoln's Inn, 1777; member of the Faculty of Advocates, 1780; M.P., Newport, Cornwall, 1780, Malmesbury, 1784; succeeded to the title, 17*9; Scots representative peer, 1790: strenuously opposed Pitt's government; published his Inquiry into the Nature and Origin of Public Wealth 1804; created Baron Lauderdale of Thirlestane in the county of Berwick (peerage of Great Britain and Ireland, 1806); lord high keeper of the great seal of Scotland, 1806; privy councillor, 1806: resigned, 1807; turned tory after 1821; retired from public life after 1830.
^ Sir John Maitland, first Baron Maitland of Thirlestane (1645?–1595), lord high chancellor of Scotland; son of Sir Richard Maitland, Lord Lethington ; brother of William Maitland of Lethin'ton ; lord privy seal, 1567: favoured the queen and was rigorously treated by Morton, 1569-78: privy councillor, 1583; secretary of state, 1684: vit-rhuncellor, 1586; acquired great influence over the king; created Baron Maitland of Thirlestane, 1690; responsible for the act which established the kirk on a strictly presbyterian basis; wrote verse.
^ John Maitland, second Earl and first Duke of Lauderdale (1616–1682), grandson of Sir John Maitland; grand-nephew of William Maitland of Lethington [q. v.]; regarded as a rising hope of the ultracovenanting party; commissioner for the Solemn League and Covenant, 1643-r: one of the commissioners who obtained the famous Engagement; with Charles II in Holland, 1649; followed him to Worcester and v prisoner, 1651; kept a prisoner till 1660; secretary for Scottish affair?, 1660-80; aimed at making the crown absolute in Scotland both in state and church; had complete influence over Charles; created Duke of Laudenlale and Marquis of March in the Scottish peerage, 1672; placed upon the commission for the admiralty, 1673; made a privy councillor und a peer of England as Earl of Guildford and Baron Petersham, 1674: supported by Charles II against attacks from the English parliament.
^ John Maitland, Lord Ravelrig and fifth Earl of Lauderdale (1660?–1710), brother of Richard Maitland, fourth earl of Lauderdale: passed advocate at the Scottish bar, 1680: concurred in the revolution. a lord of session as Lord Ravelrig, 1689; succeeded to the earldom of Lauderdale, 1695; supported the union.
^ John Gorham Maitland (1818-18G8), civil servant: son of Samuel Roffey Maitland; fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge; secretary to the civil service commission; published pamphlets,
^ Sir Peregrine Maitland (1777-1854), general and colonial governor: entered the army, 1792; served in Flanders, 1794-8: in Spain, 1809 and 1812; major-general, 1814; present at Waterloo, 1816; K.C.B., 1816: lieutenant-governor of Upper Canada, 1818-28, of Nova Scotia, 1828-34: conmiauder-in-chief of the Madras army, 1836-8, and at the Cape of Good Hope, 1844-7; general, 1846; resigned governorship of Cape of Good Hope, 1847; G.O.B., 1862.
^ Sir Richard Maitland , Lord Lethington (1496-1686), poet, lawyer, and collector of early Scottish poetry; educated at St. Andrews University; studied law at Paris: employed by James V and Queen Mary: an ordinary lord of rension and privy councillor, 1661; keeper of the great seal, 1562-7; a selection from his collection of early Scottish poems, with additions by himself, published, 1786.
^ Richard Maitland , fourth Earl of Lauderdale (1653-1695), Jacobite; son of Charles Maitland, third earl of Lauderdale: privy councillor and joint general. of the mint with his fatlier, 1678; lordjustice general, 1681-4; declined to agree to the revolution settlement; for a time in exile at the court of St. Germains; outlawed, 1694; died at Paris; author of a verse translation of Virgil, published, 1737.
^ Richard Maitland (1714?-1763), captor of Surat; enlisted in royal artillery, 1732; lieutenant-fireworker, 1742: fought at Fontenoy as first lieutenant, 1745; served under Olive in India; commanded the expedition for capturing Surut, 1759; major, 1762: dial at Bombay.
^ Samuel Roffey Maitland (1792–1866), historian and miscellaneous writer; educated at St. John's and Trinity Colleges. Cambridge; barrister, Inner Temple, 1816; entered holy orders, 1821: published his elaborate monograph on the Albigenses and Waldenses, 1832; commenced contributing to theBritish Magazine 1835, the remarkable papers afterwards published as The Dark Ages 1844, and Essays on Subjects connected with the Reformation in England 1849; librarian and keeper of c manuscripts at Lambeth, 1838; F.R.S., 1839; editor of the British Magazine 1839-49: contributed to Notes and Queries; author of thirty-seven works, mainly historical and ecclesiastical.
^ Sir Thomas Maitland (1759?-1824), lieutenant-general; commander-in-chief in the Mediterranean; served in India, both ashore and afloat, till 1790; in San Dominpo, 1794-8; M.P., Haddiugton burglis, 1794-6 and 1800-6; hrigadier-peneral, 1797; employed in the secret expedition against Belle Isle, 1799: major-general, 1806; lieutenant-general and commauder-in-chicf in Ceylon, 1806-11; major-general, 1811: governor of Malta, 1813; lord high commissioner of the Ionian islands and commander-in-chief in the Mediterranean. 1816: died at Malta: an able administrator, though nicknamed King Tom from his eccentricities and arbitrary conduct.
^ Thomas Maitland, Lord Dundrennan (1792-1851), Scottish judge: studied at Edinburgh: called to the Scottish bar, 1813; solicitor-general, 1840-1 and 1846-W: M.R, Kirkcudbrightshire, 180-40; lord of easton M Lord Dundrennan, 1860; studied antiquarian literature; his fine library sold in 1851.
^ Thomas Maitland , eleventh Earl of Lauderdale (1803-1878), admiral of the fleet; -.,i:. nri 3 ",:: Mtarafl t..,..,... 1816; served on the Sooth American station. 1816, the West Indian, 1832-3, the north coa* of Spain, 18W-7; advanced to po*t rank, 1817: shared in the operations in the Persian Oulf, 1839; served during the in* Chinese war, 1840-1: knighted, 1843: rear-admiral, 1817; comniaiid.T-iii-.-i.;.-! H. ti,,- Pacific, 1860-1: succeeded to earldom on the death of his consul, 1868: admiral, 1868; admiral of the fleet on the retired list, 1877.
^ William Maitland (1528?–1573), of Lethington, known as the Secretary Lethington; son of Sir Richard Maitland: educated at St Andrews and on the continent; in the erviue of llXllBMB IMiml of Scotland 1554-9; entered into close relations with Cecil, IftGO: secretary and entrusted with Mary's foreign policy, 1551: pursued a conciliatory policy toward* England; supported the Darnley marriage, 1564-6; said to have been a party to Darnley's murder, 1567: tried to reconcile the two Scottish factions, 1670: surrendered Edinburgh Oastle to the English commander, 1573; died in prison at Leith.
^ William Maitland (1693?–1757), topographer: published topographical compilations 1739-67, of ephemeral reputation.
^ William Fuller Maitland (1813–1876), picture collector: of Trinity College, Cambridge; M.A., 1839; formed a fine collection of early Italian master* and of English landscape paintings, some of which were bought after his death by the National Gallery.
^ Michael Maittaire (1668–1747), classical scholar and writer on typography; born in Prance: educated at Westminster School; cauoucer student of Christ Church, Oxford; M.A., 1696; second master of Westminster, 1695-9; began to publish, c. 1706, works consisting principally of editions of the Latin classics; published Annales Typographicae 6 vols. 1719-41.
^ Henry William Majendie (1764–1830), bishop of Chester and Bangor: of Charterhouse and Christ's College, Cambridge; B.A., 1776: fellow, 1776; preceptor to Prince William, afterwards William IV; canon of Windsor, 1785-98; D.D., 1791; canon of St. Paul Cathedral, 1798; bishop of Chester, 1800-9, of Bangor, 1809-30.
^ John Major or Mair (1469–1560), historian and scholastic divine; studied at Cambridge and Paris; M.A., 1496; taught at Paris in arts and scholastic philosophy; published his first work on logic, 1503: D.D., 1506; began to lecture on scholastic divinity at the Sorbonne, Paris, 1506; published A Commentary on the Four Books of Peter the Lombard's "Sentences," at intervals, 1509-17; professor of philosophy and divinity. Glasgow. 1518; published History of Greater Britain, both England and Scotland 1521; taught philosophy and logic in St. Andrews University, 1522; taught again at Paris University, 1525-31: returned to St. Andrews, 1531; provost of St. Salvator's College there, 1533-50; with William Manderston founded an endowed chaplaincy at St. Andrews, 1539: championed the doctrinal Rome; wrote entirely in Latin.
^ John Major (1782–1849), bookseller and publisher; a supporter of Dibdin's publications: failed in business through becoming entangled in Dibdin's speculations; well-known by his beautiful edition of Walton aud Cotton's Complete Angler first published, 1823: published verse, including squibs on current politics.
^ John Henniker-Major, second Baron Henniker (1762–1821). See Henniker-Major.
^ Joshua Major (1787–1866?), landscape-gardener; author of important works on gardening, published, 1W91861.
^ Richard Henry Major (1818–1891), geographer; keeper of the department of maps and plans, British Museum, 1867-80; his chief work, "The Life of Prince Henry of Portugal, surnamcd tle Navigator 1868; edited ten works for the Hakluyt Society (hon. secretary, 1849-5H), 1847-73.
^ Thomas Major (1780–1799), engraver: resided wd worked for some time in Paris; returned to England, 1763: issued a aerie* of his prints, 1754 (2nd edit 1768): first English engraver to be elected A.R.A., 1770; engraver to the king and to the stamp office.
^ William Makelsfeld (d. 1804). See Mykelfeld.
^ Francis Makemie (1658–1708), Irish divine; studied at Glasgow University: missionary to America, 1682; worked in Virginia, Maryland, ami Barbados; formed at Philadelphia the first presbytery in America, 1708, and the father of prcsbyteriauisin in America: died in Acoomac, Virginia. _ r,
^ Bathsua Makin (fl. 1673), the most learned Englishwoman of her time; sister of John Pell (1611-1686): tutoress to Charles I's daughters; probably kept a school at Putney, 1649: wrote on female education, 1673.
^ James Makittrick (1728–1802). See James Makittrick Adair.
^ Matthew Makkarell or Mackarell (d. 1537), abbot of Barlings, Lincolnshire; D.D. Paris (incorporated at Cambridge, 1516); abbot of Gilbertines or Preuxmstratensians at Alnwick; subsequently of Barlings or Oxeuey, Lincolnshire; suffragan bishop of Lincoln, 1535: a leader in Lincolnshire rebellion, 1536; taken prisoner and executed, 1537.
^ David Maytn (d. 1588?). See Dugal Mackenzie.
^ Malachy I (d. 863). See Maelsechlainn I.
^ Malachy Mor (949–1022). See Maelsechlainn II.
^ Malachy of Ireland (fl. 1310, Franciscan; probably author of Libellus septem peccatorum mortalium (Paris, 1518), remarkable for its denunciation of the government of Ireland.
^ Macaedh Malachy -. 1348), archbishop of Tuam; bishop of Elphin, 1307-12; archbishop of Tuam, 1318-48; often confused with Malachy (fl. 1310)
'^ Malachy O'Morgair, Saint (in Irish, Maelmaedhoig Ua Morgair (1094?–1148), archbishop of Armagh: gained a great reputation for sanctity and learning; head of the abbey of Bangor, co. Down; bishop of Connor, 1124; established monastery of Ibrach in south of Ireland after the destruction of the scut of his bishopric by a northern chieftain; archbishop of Armagh, 1132-6; bishop of Down, 1136; visited St. Bernard, his future biographer, at Clairvaux; died at Clairvaux on his way to Rome.
^ Cesar Jean Salomon Malan, calling himself later, Solomon Caesar Malan (1812-1891), oriental linguist biblical scholar; born at Geneva; educated at St. Edmund Hall, Oxford; Bodeu (Sanskrit) scholar, 1834; Puscy and Ellertou (Hebrew) scholar, 1837; B.A., 1837; classical lecturer at Bishop's College, Calcutta, 1838; deacon, 1H38; returned to England, 1840: priest and M.A. Balliol College, 1843; held living of Broadwindsor, Dorset, 1845-85; travelled in the East, and published numerous translations from oriental literature; joined John William Burgon in attacking revised version of New Testament, 1881. His works include Notes on Proverbs 1892-3.
^ Michael Malard (fl. (1717–1720), French protestant divine; born at Vaurenard: educated for the Roman catholic priesthood; came to England, c. 1700; embraced protestantism, 1705; published pamphlets against the French committee for the distribution of the money charged upon the civil list for the benefit of the French protestants, 1717-20; author of manuals of French accidence.
^ Sir Nicholas Malby (1530?–1581), president of Connaught; served in France, Spain, and Ireland; stationed at Carrickfergus, 1567-9: collector of customs of Strangford, Ardglass, and Dundruin, 1571; made unsuccessful efforts to colonise part of Down, 1571-4; knighted and appointed military govemor of Connaught; president of Connaught, 1579; engaged in suppressing rebellions, 1579-81; his services ignored by Queen Elizabeth.
^ Malcolm I (Macdonald) (. 954), king of Scotland: succeeded, 943; made treaty with Edmund, the West-Saxon king, 945; lost Northumbria, 954; slain in a border skirmish.
^ Malcolm II (Mackenneth)(d. 1034), king of Scotland; son of Kenneth II; succeeded, 1005, by defeating and killing Kenneth III; defeated Eadulf Cudel, 1018, thereby causing the cession of Lothian to the Scottish kingdom, Cambria north of the Solway becoming also an appanage of the same; did homage to Canute, 1031.
^ Malcolm III, called Canmore (d. 1093), king of Scotland; succeeded his father Duncan I in consequence of the defeat of Macbeth by Earl Edward of Northumbria, 1054; defeated and slew Macbeth at Lnmphanan; crowned at Scone, 1C57; married Margaret (d. 1093), sister of Edgar Atheling; did homage to the English kings, 1072 and 1091; treacherously slain while invading Northumberland.
^ Malcolm IV (the Maiden) (1141–1165), king of Scotland; grandson of David I; succeeded his grandfather, 1153; surrendered Northumberland and Cumberland to Henry II, 1157; served as English baron in the expedition against Toulouse, 1159; engaged in suppressing rebellions in Scotland, 1100-4.
^ Sir Charles Malcolm (1782–1851), vice-admiral; brother of Sir Pulteney Malcolm; entered the navy, 1795; employed in the East Indies till 1802; on the coast of France and Portugal, 1806-9; chiefly in the West Indies, 1809-19; knighted while in attendance on the Marquis Wellesley, lord-lieutenant of Ireland, 1822-7; superintendent of the Bombay marine (name afterwards changed to the Indian navy), 18271837; rear-admiral, 1837; vice-admiral, 1847.
^ Sir George Malcolm (1818–1897), general; born at Bombay; ensign in East India Company's service, 1836; lieutenant, 1840; served in Sciude, and second Sikh war; lieutenant-colonel, 1854; in Persian war, 1866-7, and Indian mutiny, 1857-8; C.B., 1859; brevet-colonel, 1860; major-general, 1867; in Abyssinian expedition, 1868; general, 1877; G.C.B., 1886.
^ James Peller Malcolm (1767–1815), topographer and engraver; born in Philadelphia; came to London and studied in the Royal Academy; chief work, 1 Londi iiium Redivivum (history and description), with forty-seven plates, published, 1802-7.
^ Sir John Malcolm (1769–1833), Indian administrator and diplomatist: entered the service of the East India Company, 1782; preferring diplomacy to fighting, studied Persian, and was appointed Persian interpreter to the uizaui of the Deccan, 1792: secretary to Sir Alured Clarke, coinmander-in-chief, 1795-7, and to his successor, General George, lord Harris, 1797-8; assistant to the resident of Hyderabad, 1798; chosen by Lord Wellesley, the governor-general, as envoy to Persia, 1799-1801; private secretary to Wellesley, 1801-2; political agent to General Wellesley during the Mahratta war, 1803-4; sent on a mission to Teheran, 1808-9, and 1810; published his Political History of India 1811, his 'History of Persia 1818; K.C.B., 1815; as brigadier in the army of the Deccan took part in the new Mahrattu war, 1817-18; after assisting in the reclamation ol Mai wan, returned to England and occupied himself with literary work, 1822; governor of Bombay, 1826-30; M.P., Launcestoii, 1831-2; his Administration of India published, 1833, and his life of Clive (completed by another hand), posthumously published, 1836.
^ Sir Pulteney Malcolm (1768–1838), admiral ; entered the navy, 1778: served in West Indies, Quebec, East Indies, and China seas; under Nelson in the Mediterranean, 1804-5: rear-admiral, 1813; K.C.B., 1815; Commander-in-chief on the St. Helena station, 1816-17; vice-admiral, 1821; commander-in-chief in the Mediterranean, 1828-31 and 1833-4.
^ Sarah Malcolm (1710?–1733), criminal; charwoman in the Temple, London; murdered Mrs. Duncomb, her employer, and her two servants, 1783; condemned to death and executed; painted by Hogarth while in the condemned cell. _
^ David Malcolme (d. 1748), philologist: ordained as prosbyterian minister, 1705; deposed for deserting bin charge, 1742; specialised in Celtic philology: chief work, Letters, Essays, and other Tracts illustrating the Antiquities of Great Britain and Ireland... Also Specimens of the Celtic, Welsh, Irish, Saxon, and American Languages 1744.
^ Andrew George Malcom (1782-1H23), Irish presbyterian divine and hymn-writer: M.A., Glasgow; ordained, 1807; ministered at Newry, co. Down; D.D., Glasgow, 1820; coinpo ed hymns.
^ John Malcome (1662?-1729), presbyterian polemic: M.A. Glasgow; ordained, 1687: adhered to the subscription and invented the phrase 'new light,' 1720; published theological works.
^ Daniel Malden (d. 1736), prison-breaker: adopted street-robbery us a profession: condemned and ordered to be executed, 1736; escaped from prison twice, bat was retaken and hanged.
^ Henry Malden (1800–1876), classical scholar; of Trinity College, Cambridge: fellow, 1831; M.A., 1825; professor of Greek at University College, London, 18311876; head-master of University College school with Thomas Hewitt Key, 1833-42.
^ Thomas Maldon (d. 1404), Carmelite; prior of the convent at Maldon: Latin works, now lost, ascribed to him by Leland and Bale.
^ Richard Malebysse (d. 1209), justiciar; one of the leaders in an attack on and massacre of the Jews at York, 1190: justice itinerant for Yorkshire, 1201; sat to acknowledge fines at Westminster, 1202: employed in enforcing payment of aids, 1204.
^ Sir Alexander Malet, second baronet (1800–1886), diplomatist: son of Sir Charles Warre Malet q. v.j; educated at Winchester and Christ Church, Oxford: B.A., 1822; entered diplomatic service, 1824; minister plenipotentiary to the Germanic confederation at Frankfort, 1849-66: K.C.B., 1866: published The Overthrow of the Germanic Confederation by Prussia in 1866 (1870).
^ Arthur Malet (1806–1888), Indian civilian: on of Sir Charles Warre Malet; educated at Winchester, Addlscombe, and Haileybury; appointed to the Bombay civil service, 1824: chief secretary for the political and secret departments to the Bombay government, 1847; member of the legislative council of India, 1854: of the government council of Bombay, 1855-60; published Notices of an English Branch of the Malet Family 1885.
^ Sir Charles Warre Malet, first baronet (1753 ?-1815), Indian administrator and diplomatist: descendant of William Malet (d. 1071) of Graville; resident minister at Poonah, 1785-91: created baronet for his services, 1791; acting governor at Bombay till 1798; retired and returned to England, 1798.
^ George Grenville Malet (1804 - 1856), lieutenant-colonel; son of Sir Charles Warre Malet ; entered the Indian army, 1822; political superintendent of Mellanee, Rajputana, 1839; engaged in the Afghan war, 1842, and "in the war with Persia, 1856; superintendent of the Guicowar horse, 1850: killed in action.
^ Robert Malet or Mallet (d. 1106?), baron of Eye; son of William Malet (d. 1071) of Graville: endowed a Benedictine monastery at Eye; supported Robert against Henry I; supposed to have been killed at the battle of Tinchebrai.
^ Thomas Malet or Mallett (1582–1666), judge: descendant of William Malet (i. 1071) of Graville: barrister. Middle Temple, 1606; reader, 1626; wit in the first two parliament-* of Charles I: serjeant, 1635; raised to the king's bench, 1641: knighted, 1641; supported the royal policy ami prerogative; imprisoned in the Tower, 1612-4; again on the bench, 1660-3.
^ William Malet or Mallet (d. 1071), of Graville in Normandy; companion of the Conqueror: his exploits at Hastings celebrated by Wace in his Roman de Ro u(1L 1S47I-84): sheriff of York, 1068; taken prisoner at capture of York, 1069, but subsequently released.
^ William Malet or Mallet (fl. 1195-1215), baron of Curry Mallet and Suepton HaUet, Bonwnet; descend*! from Gilbert, ton of William Malet (f. lOfl) q. v.l of O ravine; in Normandy with Richard 1, 11M; sheriff of Dorset and Human! 1111; joined barons hi their struggle with King John, 1116. xxv. 411)
^ Malger (d. 1111). See Mauger.
^ John Malham (1747–1811), miscellaneous writer; Northamptonshire curate; acted a* Kchoolnuuter; employed by London booksellers in the issue of a number of illustrated bibles, prayer-books, and popular histoncal works, 1781-1811.
^ William Malim (1533–1594), schoolmaster : educated at Eton and King's College, Cambridge; fellow, 1551; M.A., 1556: head-master of Eton, 1661-71; prebendary of Lincoln, 1669; high-muter of St. Paul, 1673-81; bis extant piece* chiefly commendatory Latin verses and letters prefixed to the works of friends. XXXT. 4ffl
^ Sir Richard Malins (1806–1881), judge ; educated at Oalus College, Cambridge; B.A., 1817: barrister. Inner Temple, 1830; Q.O., 1849; M.P., Wallimrford, 1H52-65; a vice-chancellor, 1866-81; knighted, 1H67; privy councillor, 1881.
^ Benjamin Heath Malkin ( 1769-1 842), miscellaneous writer; of Harrow and Trinity College, Cambridge; M.A., 1802; head-master of Bury St. Edmunds grammar school, 1809-28; D.C.L. St. Mary Hall, Oxford, 1810; professor of history, ancient and modern, London University, 1830; F.S.A.: author of some antiquarian and historical works, 1795-1826, and of a translation of Gil Bias 1809.
^ George Bruce Malleson (1826–1898), colonel and military writer; educated at Winchester; ensign, 1842; lieutenant, 33rd B.N.I., 1847; assistant military auditor-general, 1866; captain, 1861; major, Bengal staff corps, 1863: lieutenant-colonel, 1868; colonel in army. 1873; guardian of young Maharajah of Mysore, 1869-77; C.S.I., 1872; wrote on military history.
^ John Philip Malleson (1796–1869), Unitarian minister and schoolmaster; graduated at Glasgow, 1819: I became minister of a presbyterian congregation; adopted I Arian views and resigned, 1822; Unitarian minister at Brighton, 1829; conducted a fcchool at Brighton. fxxxv. 414
^ David Mallet originally Malloch (1706?–1765), poet and miscellaneous writer: studied at Edinburgh University (1721-2, 1722-3) and formed a friendship I with James Thomson, author of * The Seasons; composed a number of short poems, 1720-4; produced Eurydice* (tragedy) at Drury Lane, London, 1731; studied at St. Mary Hall, Oxford: M.A., 1734; produced Mustapha* (tragedy) at Drury Lane, London, 1739; with Thomson wrote the masque ofAlfred 1740; undcr-secrctary to Frederick, prince of Wales, 1742: received inspectorship of exchequer-book in the out port* of London for his political writings, 1763; author ofWilliam and Margaret 1723, a famous ballad. The national ode, Rule Britannia oouietimes ascribed to him, was more probably written by Thomson.
^ Sir Louis Mallet (1 823–1890), civil servant and economist: of Huguenot origin: clerk in the audit office soon after 1800: transferred to the board of trade, 1847; I private secretary to the president, 1848-62 and 1866-7: employed chiefly in the work of extension of cotuuiercuil treaties, 1860-6; C.B., 1806: knighted, 1*6*; nominated to the council of India in London, 1872: pvnuauent under-secretary of state for India, 1874-83: privy councillor, 1883; after Cobden's death (1866) the principal authority on questions of commercial policy, and the chief official reprecentative of free trade opinion: his occasional writings, which set forth the free-trade doctrine, published as Free Exchange 1891.
^ Robert Mallet (1810–1881) civil engineer and scientific investigator; B.A. Trinity College, DnMJa, 1890; M.A., IMS: assumed charge of the Victoria foundry, Dublin, 1831; conducted many engineering works in Ireland, among them the building of the Fastuet Rook lighthouse, 1848-9: F.R.8., 1884: conultinir engineer in London, 1861; edited the Practical Mechanic's Journal 1866-9; contributed to Philosophical Transactions and published works on engineering subjects,
^ Francis Mallett (d. 1570), dean of Lincoln; B.A. Cambridge, 1522: M.A., 1525; D.D., 1535; vicechancellor, 1536 and 1540: chaplain to Thomas Cromwell, 1188; canon of Windsor, 1543: prebendary of Wells, 1644: chaplain to the Princess Mary, 1544; prebendary of Westminster and dean of Lincoln, 1564-70; master of the Hospital of St. Katherine by the Tower, London.
^ David Malloch (1705?–1765). See Mallet.
^ Thomas Mallory or Mallery (fl. 1662), ejected minister; vicar of St. Nicholas, Deptford, 1644; ejected from lectureship of St. Michael's, Crooked Lane, London, 1662; mentioned by Evelyn.
^ Thomas Mallory or Mallorie (1605?-1666?), divine; of New College, Oxford; M.A n 1632; incumbent of Nortbenden, 1635; ejected as a loyalist, 1642; canon of Chester and D.D., 1660.
^ Earl Malmesbury * OK. See HARRIS, JAMES, first EARL, 1746-1820; HARRIS, JAMES HOWARD, third EARL, 1807-1889.
^ Godfrey of Malmesbury (fl. 1081). See Godfrey.
^ Oliver of Malmesbury (fl. 1066). See Oliver.
^ William of Malmesbury (d. 1143?). See William.
^ Anthony Malone (1700–1776), Irish politician ; educated at Christ Church, Oxford: called to the Irish bar, 1726: M.P., oo. Westmeath, 1727-60 and 1769-76, Oastlemartyr, 1761-8, in the Irish parliament; LL.D. Trinity College, Dublin, 1737; prime serjeant-at-law. 1740-64; chancellor of the exchequer, 1757-61.
^ Edmund Malone (1704–1774), judge; called to the English bar, 1730; practised in the Irish courts after 1740; M.P. for Granard in the Irish parliament, 1760-6; jndge of the court of common pleas, 1766.
^ Edmund Malone (1741–1812), critic and author; on of Edmund Malone (1704-1774); B.A. Trinity College, Dublin: entered the Inner Temple, 1763; called to the Irish bar soon after 1767; settled permanently in London as a man of letters, 1777: joined the Literary Club, 1782; intimate with Johnson, Reynolds, Bishop Percy, Burke, and Boswell: a supporter of the union with Ireland: published Attempt to ascertain the Order in which the Plays of Shakespeare were written 1778; edited Shakespeare, 1790: collected materials for a new edition, which he left to James Boswell the younger, who published it in 21 vols. in 1821 (thethird variorum edition of works of Shakespeare, and generally acknowledged to be the best); edited works of Dryden, 1800.
^ Richard Malone, Lord Sunderlin (1738–1816), elder brother of Edmund Malone (1741-1812); B.A. Trinity College, Dublin, 1759; M.P. in Irish House of Commons, 1768-85; raised to Irish peerage, 1785.
^ William Malone (1686–1656), &ul; joined Jesuits at Rome, 1606; joined the mission of the society in Ireland; issued The Jesuits Challenge c. 1623 (answered by Ussher, protestant bishop of Armagh, 1624); issued A Reply to Mr. James Ussher, his answere 1627; prudent of the Irish College at Rome, 1635-47; superior of the Jesuits in Ireland, 1647; taken prisoner by the parliamentarians and banished, 1648; rector of the Jesuit college at Seville, where he died.
^ Sir Thomas Malory (fl. 1470), author of Le Morte Arthur; Malory translated, from the Frensshe 'a most pleasant jumble and summary of the legends about Arthur in 21 books, finished between March 1469 and March 1470. The translation was printed by Caxton IBMII. Malory's Le Morte Arthur greatly influenced the English prose of the sixteenth century.
^ Edward Maltby (1770–1859), bishop of Durham; educated at Winchester and Pembroke Hall, Cambridge: M.A., 1794; D.D., 1806; preacher at Lincoln's Inn, 1824-1833; bishop of Chichester, 1831, of Durham, 1836-56; F.R.S. and F.S.A.; published a useful Lexicon Graeco-prosodiacum 1815, and some sermons.
^ William Maltby (1763–1854), bibliographer; cousin of Edward Maltby (1770-1859); educated at Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge; principal librarian of the London Institution, 1809-34.

[1] David Maccarwell or Maccerbhail (d. 1289), archbishop of Cashel: dean of Cash el; elected archbishop, 1253; involved in disputes with the crown, 1266-81; founded the Cistercian abbey of the Rock of Cashel, c. 1270.

[2] Alexander M'Caul (1799-1863), divine: B.A. Trinity College, Dublin, 1819; M.A., 1831; D.D., 1837; in Poland under the London Society for promoting Christianity among the Jews, 1821-32; settled in London; published Old Path, a weekly pamphlet on Jewish ritual, 1837-8; principal of the Hebrew College, 1840; professor of Hebrew and rabbinical literature at King's College, London, 1841, and of divinity also, 1846; prebendary of St. Paul's, 1845: published a Hebrew Primer 1844, and religious works.

[3] Dominick McCausland (1806-1873), religions writer: B.A. Trinity College, Dublin; called to the Irish bar, 1835: LL.D., 1859; Q.O., 1860; published religions works, the most popular being Sermons in Stones 1856.

[4] Robert Murray McCheyne (1813-1843), Scottish divine; educated at Edinburgh University; licensed as a preacher, 1835; a member of the committee sent to Palestine by the church of Scotland to collect information about the Jews, 1839; published (jointly with Dr. Andrew Bonar) * Narrative of a Mission of Inquiry to the Jews 1842; a fine preacher: several of his hymns constantly used in the Scottish churches.

[5] Earls of Macclesfield . See GERARD, CHARLES, flrst EARL, d. 1694; GERARD, CHARLES, second EARL, 16597-1701; PARKER, THOMAS, first EARL of the second creation, 1666?-1732; PARKER, GEORGE, second EARL, 1697-1764.

[6] John McCluer (d. 1794?), commander in the Bombay marine and hydrographer; surveyed Persian Golf, the bank of soundings off Bombay, the Pelew islands, the Sulu Archipelago, and part of the New Guinea coast, 1785-93; settled in the Pelew islands, 1793; sailed for China, taken ill at Macao, eventually sailed for Calcutta, and was never again heard of.

[7] Sir Robert John Le Mesurier McClure (1807-1873), vice-admiral; educated at Eton and Sandhurst; entered navy, 1824; made an Arctic voyage, 18361837; lieutenant, 1837; served in Canada, 1838-9, the West Indies, 1839-48; commander in the search for Sir John Franklin, 1850-4; discovered the NorthWest passage, but had to abandon his ship, 1854; courtmartialled and honourably acquitted; knighted and made captain: served in China and the Straits of Malacca, 1856-61; C.B., 1859; vice-admiral on the retired list, 1873.

[8] John Maccodrum (. 1750), Gaelic poet; last bard of the Macdonalds: his satirical and political verses, the most popular being Old Age and * Whisky never collected. xxxv. 5J

[9] Erard Maccoisse, or Urard (d. 1023), Irish chronicler; poet to Maelsechlaiun or Malachy II (. 1022); five poems and one prose composition in Irish, partly historical, attributed to him; sometimes confused with another MacCoisse, who wrote a poem preserved in the Book of Leinster.

[10] William McComb (1793-1873), poet; bookseller in Belfast, 1828-64; established McComb's Presbyterian Almanac 1840; his Poetical Works collected, 1864.

[11] William McCombie (1809-1870), journalist: began to write while a farm labourer, 1835: joined North of Scotland Gazette 1849; editedAberdeen Daily Free Press 1853-70; published miscellaneous works, 1838-69.

[12] William McCombie (1805-1880), cattle-breeder: educated at Aberdeen University: reformed cattle-breeding, and was one of the largest farmers in Aberdeenshire; M.I, West Aberdeen, 1868-76; published Cattle and Cattle-Breeders 1867.

[13] Gillabrighde Macconmidhe (fl.–1260), historian and poet; hereditary poet to the O'Neills; his chief work a lament on the death of Brian O'Neill, flrst printed I with an English translation, 1849. Other literary member ol the family lived between 1420 and 1583.

[14] William McConnell (1833-1867), humorous book-illustrator.

[15] Henry Maccormac (1800–1886), physician; studied at Dublin, Paris, and Edinburgh: M.D. Edinburgh, 1834; in charge of the Belfast hospitals during the cholera, 1832; retired from practice, 1866: author of medical works, many of which advocate the fresh-air treatment of consumption.

[16] Charles McCormick (1755?-1807), historian and biographer: educated at St. Mary Hall, Oxford; B.C.L., 1794; abandoned law for literature: continued Hume and Smollett's histories to 1783, and wrote a Memoir of Edmund Burke famous for its party virulence, 1797.

[17] Joseph Maccormick (1733–1799), Scottish divine ; M.A. St. Andrews University, 1750; ordained, 1758: D.D., 1760; edited the State Papers and Letters addressed to William Carstares, to which is prefixed the Life of William Carstares 1774: moderator to the general assembly, 1782; principal of the United College of St. Andrews, 1783: dean of the Chapel Royal, London, 1788.

[18] Robert McCormick (1800-1890), naval surgeon, explorer and naturalist; entered the navy as assistant surgeon, 1823; served on various stations; accompanied the Antarctic expedition commanded by Captain Sir James Clark Ross, 1839-43; conducted a search for Sir John Franklin. 1852: publishedNarrative of a Boat Expedition up the Wellington Channel 1854; deputyinspector of hospitals, 1859; published Voyages of Discorery in the Arctic and Antarctic Seas and round the World 2 vols. 1884.

[19] James McCosh (1811-1894), philosopher: educated at Glasgow and Edinburgh: M.A. Edinburgh, 1834; licensed by presbytery of Ayrshire; officiated at Arbroath, 1835-8, and Brechin, 1838-50: adopted free-kirk principles; published Method of the Divine Government 1850; professor of logic at Queen's College, Belfast, 18511868; president of Princeton College, New Jersey, 1868IMI,Mlil professor of philosophy, 1868, till death; LL.D. Aberdeen, 1850, and Harvard, 1868: Litt.D. Queen's College, Belfast, and D.D. His publications include 'Intuitions of the Mind inductively investigated 1860, Laws of Discursive Thought 1870, Scottish Philosophy 1874, and Psychology 1886-7.

[20] Sir Frederick McCoy (1823-1899), naturalist and geologist; studied medicine at Dublin and Cambridge; employed by Sir Richard John Griffith to make palieontological investigations required for theGeological Map of Ireland: professor of mineralogy aud geology, Queen's College, Belfast; professor of natural science in new university of Melbourne, 1854: founded National Museum of Natural History and Geology, Melbourne: F.G.S., 1862; F.R.S., 1880; hou. D.Sc. Cambridge, 1880: K.C.M.G., 1891. He arranged and issued, 1854, description of fossils in Woodwardian Museum, Cambridge, and published zoological and palaeontological works.

[21] Henry Joy McCracken (1767-1798), United Irishman: lielped to form the first society of United Irishmen in Belfast, 1791; commanded the rebels in co. Antrim, 1798; tried aud executed.

[22] John Maccreery (1768–1832), printer and poet wrote anil printed in Liverpool The Press: a ioein published a* a specimen of Typography 1803 (second part piibh-hwl in London, 1827): removed to London, where he printed the Bibliomania for Dibdin; died in Paris.

[23] Thomas McCrie, the elder (1772-1835) Scottish seceding divine and ecclesiastical historian: entered Edinburgh University, 1788: ordained. 1796: ejected from his pastorate, 1809: published his Life of John Knox (1812), a work of genius and erudition: D.D., 1813: professor of divinity, Edinburgh, 1816-18: published a history of the reformation in Italy, 1827, in Spain, 1829; and other biographical and historical works.

[24] Thomas McCrie, the younger (1797-1875), Scottish divine and author; son of Thomas McCrie the elder; educated at Edinburgh University; ordained, 820; D.D. Aberdeen, and LL.D. Glasgow before 1810: profeMor of church history and systematic thcology at the London ColUe of the Enelish Presbyterian Church 1856-66; published historical and religious works 18401872.

[25] James Maccuairt (fl. 1712), Irish poet: became blind early; composed Irish poems and songs.

[26] James McCullagh (1809-1847), mathematician; educated at Trinity College, Dublin: professor of mathematics, Dublin University, 1836; secretary of council to the Royal Irish Academy, 1840-2, aud secretary to the Academy, 1842-6: professor of natural philosophy, 1843; committed suicide. The most important of his scanty remains is the memoir on surfaces of the second order, read to the Royal Irish Academy, 1843.

[27] Horatio Macculloch (1805–1867), landscapepainter; pupil of William Home Lizars: associate of the Scottish Academy, 1834; academician, 1838; the most popular landscape-painter of his day in Scotland; exhibited only once at Royal Academy, London, 1844.

[28] Sir James McCulloch (1819-1893), Australian politician; opened a branch of Messrs. Dennistoun & Go's business in Melbourne, 1853: nominee member of the Victoria chamber, 1854; member of the first elective legislative assembly, 1857; formed a government, of which he held the portfolio of trades aud customs, 1857; resigned, and was elected member for East Melbourne, 1858; treasurer, 1859-60: member for Mornington, 1862: premier, 1863-8, 1868-9, 1870-1, 1875-7; knighted, 1869; agent-general in London, 1872-3; K.C.M.G., 1874; settled finally in England, 1877.

[29] John Macculloch (1773–1835), geologist : studied medicine at Edinburgh; M.D.,1793; chemist to the board of ordnance, 1803; L.R.C.P., 1808: gave up practice as a physician, 1811; geologist to the trigonometrical survey, 1814; president of the Geological Society, 1816-17; F.R.S., 1820; commissioned to prepare a geological map of Scotland (published shortly after his death), 1826: chief works, A Description of the Western Isles of Scotland, including the Isle of Man still a classic in geology, 1819,A Geological Classification of Rocks 1821, and Highlands and Western Isles of Scotland 1824.

[30] John Ramsay McCulloch (1789-1864), statistician and political economist: educated at Edinburgh University; devoted himself to the study of economics and wrote the articles on that subject for theScotsman 1817-27; edited the Scotsman, 1 1818-20; contributed to the Edinburgh Review 1818-37; delivered the Ricardo memorial lectures in London, 1824; published Principles of Political Economy 1825; professor of political economy, London University, 1828-32; expounded the celebratedwagesfund theory in anEssay on the Circumstances which determine the Rate of Wages and the Condition of the Labouring Classes 1826: published A Dictionary, Practical, Theoretical, and Historical, of Commerce and Commercial Navigation 1832, and a number of statistical and economical works between 1841 and 1860: comptroller of the stationery office, 1838-64.

[31] William McCulloch (1816-1885), resident at Manipur: son of John Ramsay McOulloch: entered the army, 1834; employed in India, 1835-67; political agent at Manipur, 1845-63, and 1864-7; retired from the army as lieutenant-colonel, 1861; published Account of the Valley of Munnipore and the Hill Tribes 1859.

[32] Andrew Maccurtin (in Irish MacCruitin) (d. 1749), Irish poet: hereditary ollamh to the O'Briens: two of his poems, one in praise of Sorley MacDonnell (written, c. 1720), the other an address to a fairy chief, still remembered in Clare.

[33] Hugh Maccurtin (1680?–1765), Irish antiquary : succeeded his cousin, Andrew MacCurtin, as ollamh to the O'Briens: studied in France; tutor for seven years to the dauphin; returned to Ireland, 1714: works include The Elements of the Irish Language 1728, aud an English-Irish Dictionary, a valuable record of the vermicular of its day, 1732.

[34] John Macdiarmid (1779–1808), journalist and author; studied at Edinburgh and St. Andrews Universities: settled in London, 1801: edited the St. James's Chronicle: author of two works on military topics, published in 1805 and 1806.

[35] John M'Diamid (1790-1852), Scottish journalist; editor of the Dumfries and Galloway Courier 1K17; published his Scrap-Book 1820; started the Dumfries Magazine 1825; became owner of the Couri. edited, with memoirs, Cowper's Poems 1817, and Goldsmith's Vicar of Wakefield 1823.

[36] Alexander Macdonald, third Lord of the Isles and tenth Earl of Ross (d. 1449), eldest son of Donald Macdonald, second lord of the Isles; imprisoned as a rebel, 1427-9; destroyed Inverness, but was eventually defeated by James I of Scotland and again imprisoned, 1429; later gave loyal obedience to the king; juaticiar of Scotland north of the Forth, 1438.

[37] Alexander Macdonald or Macdonnell (Alaster) (d. 1647), general; joined the insurgent*, 1641; with Montrose in Scotland, 1644-6; being defeated, escaped to Ireland, 1647; killed by treachery,

[38] Alexander Macdonald or Macian of Glencoe (d. 1692), chief of his clan; joined Claverbouse, 1689; took part in the rising of the northern highlands; bidden to take the oath of allegiance within a stipulated time; when that period had almost elapsed, made a vain effort to find a magistrate to administer the oath; finally persuuded Sir Colin Campbell to administer the oath five days later; his tardy action ignored and the clan destroyed in their home in the valley of Glencoe, 1692. An inquiry was made, but, although the massacre of Glencoe was condemned, none of the agents were brought to justice.

[39] Alexander Macdonald or Alestair of Glengarry (d. 1724). See Macdonell.

[40] Alexander Macdonald, or Alasdair MacMhaighstir Alasdair (1700?-1780?), Gaelic poet; educated at Glasgow University; assisted the Society for Propagating Christian Knowledge in the Highlands; published an English and Gaelic Vocabulary 1741; became a Roman catholic and joined the Chevalier, 1745; became the sacer vates of the rebellion of 1745; served through the campaign, 1745-6; his collected poems, a fine contribution to martial literature, published as Ais-eiridh na Sean Chanoin Albannaich 1751.

[41] Alexander Macdonald (1736–1791), Scottish catholic prelate; entered the Scots College, Rome, 1764; ordained, 1764; joined the mission in Scotland and was stationed at Barra, 1765-80; vicar-apostolic of the highland district, 1780.

[42] Alexander Macdonald (1756–1837), Gaelic scholar; educated at the Roman catholic seminary of Bourblach and at the Scots College, Rome: ordained, 1778: returned to Scotland, 1782; published Phingateis, sive Hibernia Liberata 1820; contributed to the Gaelic dictionary published under the direction of the Highland Society of Scotland, 1828.

[43] Alexander Macdonald (1791?–1860), Scottish antiquary; employed in the Register House, Edinburgh; principal keeper of the register of deeds and probate writs, 1836; supplied notes for the Waverley Novels; editor of the Maitland Club publications.

[44] Andrew Macdonald (1755?-1790), dramatist and verse-writer; educated at Edinburgh University: ordained to the Scottish episcopal church, 1775; resigned his charge and came to London; his most successful tragedy, Vimonda produced 1787, published 1788. His Miscellaneous Works appeared. 1791.

[45] Angus Macdonald (1834–1886), medical writer; M.D. Edinburgh, 1864; practised and lectured in Edinburgh; published medical works.

[46] Archibald Macdonald ( 1736–1814), author; a Benedictine monk and Roman catholic pastor; published defence of the authenticity of Mucpherson's Ossian 1805.

[47] Sir Archibald Macdonald , first baronet(1747–1826), judge: lineal descendant of the old Lords of the Isles; student of Christ Church, Oxford, 1764; B.A., 1768; barrister, Lincoln's Inn, 1770; M.A., 1772: K.O., 1778; M.P., Hindon, 1777, Newaistle-under-Lyme, 17801793; solicitor-general, 1784-8: knighted, 1788; attorney-general, 1788-92; lord chief baron of the exchequer, 1793-1813; privy councillor, 17P3; created baronet, 1813.

[48] Donald Macdonald , second Lord of the Isles and ninth Earl of Ross (d. 1420?), eldest son of John Macdonald, first lord of the Isles: made permanent alliance with Henry IV, 1405; claimed the earldom of Ross, but after the battle of Harlaw (1411) surrendered his claim and became vassal to the Scottish throne, 1412.

[49] Duncan George Forbes Macdonald (1823?-1884), agricultural engineer and miscellaneous writer; son of John Macdonald (1779-1849); published What Farmers may do with the Land 1862; member of the government survey staff in British North America; publishedBritish Columbia and Vancouver's Island 1862; drainage engineer of improvement* to the enclosure commissioners for England and Wales; engineer-ln-chief to the inspector-general of highland destitution.

[50] Flora Macdonald (1722-1790), Jacobite heroine; daughter of Ranald Macdonald, farmer at Milton, South Uist (Hebrides): while in 1746 on a visit to the Clanraualds in Benbecula (Hebrides), met Prince Charles Edward in flight after Culloden; helped the prince to reach Skye; imprisoned in the Tower of London after Prince Charles Edward's escape; released by the Act of Indemnity, 1747; married Allan Macdonald, 1760: emigrated to North Carolina, 1774; returned to Scotland, 1779.

[51] Hugh Macdonald (1701–1773), Scottish catholic prelate; ordained, 1725; vicar of the highland district and bishop of Diana in Numidia, 1731; escaped to Paris after the rebellion of 1745; returned to Scotland, 1749; apprehended, 1755; sentenced to banishment, but sentence not carried out, 1766.

[52] Hugh Macdonald (1817–1860), Scottish poet; wrote verses in the Gbisgow Citizen joining its staff, 1849; joined theGlasgow Sentinel 1855; edited the Glasgow Times; wrote, for those journals, Rambles round Glasgow and Days at the Coast afterwards published in book form; literary editor of the Morning Journal (Glasgow), 1858-60.

[53] John Macdonald, of Isla, first Lord of the Isles (d. 1386?), joined Edward Baliol, 1335 ; transferred his allegiance to David II, 1341; joined Baliol again when the king objected to his assumption of the title of Lord of the Isles; persuaded to take an oath of obedience, 1369.

[54] John Macdonald, fourth and last Lord of the Isles and eleventh Earl of Ross (d. 1498?), son of Alexander, third lord of the Isles; rebelled against King James II of Scotland, but came to terms, and was made one of the wardens of the marches, 1467; one of the ambassadors who helped to bring about the treaty with the English signed at Westminster, 1463; summoned to answer for treasonable acts, and sentence of attainder passed against him, 1475; pardoned, 1476; finally retired to the monastery of Paisley.

[55] John Macdonald (1620?-1716?), known in the highlands as Ian Lom, Gaelic poet and warrior: assisted Moutrose, 1645-50; composed a Lament in his honour, 1650; became absorbed in local politics; pensioned by the government, 1660; present at Killiecrankie, 1689; celebrated the triumph of the highlanders in his poem, 'Rintory'.

[56] John Macdonald (fl. 1778) gentleman's servant; became known as Beau Macdonald; spent some years in Bombay, and travelled in India and Europe with his employers, 1768-78; settled at Toledo, 1778; published Travels In Various Parts 1790.

[57] John Macdonald (1727–1779), Scottish catholic prelate; nephew of Hugh Macdonald (1701-1778); entered the Scots College, Rome, 1743; ordained, 1762; returned to Scotland, 1753; vicar-apostolic of the highland district of Scotland, 1773-9.

[58] Sir John Macdonald (1782–1830). See Kinneir.

[59] John Macdonald (1759–1831), lieutenant-colonel and military engineer: son of Flora Macdouakl; as ensign, Bengal engineers, surveyed the Dutch settlements in Sumatra, 1783: remained there as military and civil engineer until 1796; employed in England during the French wars; F.U.S., 1800: author of military and technical engineering works, and of a book on Anglo-Indian administration.

[60] John Macdonald (1779-1 849), called the 'Apostle of the North'; M.A. King's College, Aberdeeii, 1801: ordained missionary minister. 1806; visited Ireland, 1824; wined the secession party, 1843: author of sermons, published 1880, and a volume of Gaelic verse, 1848,

[61] Sir John Macdonald (d. 1850), adjutant-general at the Horse Guards; a connection of Flora Macdonald; entered the army, 1795; served in Ireland and and on the continent: held important staff ap. during the Peninsular campaign; deputy adjutant-general at the Horse Guards, 1820-30; adjutant 1830-50; G.C.B., 1847.

[62] John Macdonald (1818–1889), Scottish catholic prelate: Jit the Scots seminary, Ratisbon, 1830-7; at the Scots College, Rome, 1837-40; vicar-apostolic of the northern district of Scotland, 1869; bishop of Aberdeen, 1878.

[63] Sir John Alexander Macdonald (1815-1891), the organiser of the dominion of Canada: of Scottish origin: born at Kingston, Canada; admitted to the bar, 1836; member for Kingston in the House of Assembly, 1844-54; commissioner for crown lands, 1847; attorney-general for Upper Canada, 1854; leader of the House of Assembly, 1856-91: premier, 1857; succeeded, despite strong opposition, in making Ottawa the capital, 1859; led the federation movement, and went to England as a delegate, 1866; mainly responsible for the British North America Act, 1867: C.B.. 1867; first prime minister of the Dominion, 1867; one of the commissioners of the treaty of Washington, 1871; privy councillor of the United Kingdom, 1872; premier and minister of the ulterior, 1878-91; also president of the council and superintendent of Indian affairs, 1883; G.C.B., 1884.

[64] Lawrence Macdonald (1799–1878), sculptor: entered the TrusteesAcademy, Edinburgh, 1822; went to Rome, and helped to found the British Academy of Arts there, 1823: returned to Edinburgh, 1827; exhibited at the Royal Academy from 1829; member of the Scottish Academy, 1829-58; died at Home; noted for his portrait busts.

[65] Patrick Macdonald (1729–1824), amateur musician: educated at Aberdeen University; ordained missionary, 1756; chief work,A Collection of Highland Vocal Airs never hitherto published 1784.

[66] Ranald Macdonald (1756–1832), Scottish catholic prelate; educated at the Scots College, Douay; returned to Scotland, 1782; D.D.; vicar-apostolic of the highland district, 1819, and of the western district, 1827.

[67] William Bell Macdonald (1807–1862), linguist; educated at Glasgow University: graduated, 1827; surgeon on a flag-ship in the Mwiitcrranean, 1828-31: famous linguist; published uiUc-clhuiL-ous works.

[68] William Russell Macdonald (HST-HM), miscellaneous writer; editor of, part proprietor of, and contributor to, various periodicals; later wrote books for the young.

[69] Alastair Ruadh Macdonell, known as Pickle the Spy (1725?–1761), thirteenth chief of Glengarry: went to France, 1738, and joined Lord Drummond's regiment of royal Scots guards, 1743; employed by highland chiefs on secret mission to Prince Charles, 1745; captured by English and imprisoned in Tower of London, 1745-7: acted, under pseudonym of Pickle as spy on Charles, 1749-54; succeeded as chief of clan, 1754.

[70] Alexander Macdonell or Macdonald (Alestair) of Glengarry (d. 1724), Jacobite: surnamed Dubb from his dark complexion: joined Claverhouse, 1689; one of the leaders at Killiecrankie, 1689; reluctantly took the oath to William III, 1691; joined Mar and fought at Sheriffmuir, 1715; a trustee for managing the Chevalier's affairs in Scotland, 1720.

[71] Alexander Macdonell (1762–1840) first Roman catholic bishop of Upper Canada; educated at the Scots College, Valladolid; ordained, 1787; while mispriest, helped to form Romanist peasants into the 1st Glengarry fencibles (disbanded, 1801); obtained a grant of land in Canada for the men; again raised a regiment of Glengarry fencibles, which did good service for Upper Canada in the United States war, 1812; organised the colony, and devoted himself to missionary work in Upper Canada: vicar-apostolic of Upper Canada, 1819; bishop of Regiopolis or Kingston, 1826; died at Dumfries; was buried in Kingston Cathedral, Canada,

[72] Alexander Ranaldson Macdonell or Macdonald, of Glengarry (d. 182H), colonel, highlaud chieftain; brother of Sir James Macdouell; major in the Glengarry fencibles infantry, 1795-1801; lived in feudal style; the original, to some extent, of Scott's Fergus Maclvor in Waverley; perished by shipwreck.

[73] Sir James Macdonell (d.1857), general : brother of Alexander Ranaldson Macdonell of Glengarry; fought in Naples, Sicily, and Egypt, 1804-7; lieutenantcolonel, 1809; in the Peninsula, 1812-14: present at Waterloo, and K.C.B., 1815; commanded in Canada, 1838-1841; lieutenant-general, 1841; general. 1854; G.C.B., 1855.

[74] James Macdonell (1842–1879), journalist ; on the staff of the Daily Review in Edinburgh, 1862; editor of the Newcastle Northern Daily Express; on the staff of the Daily Telegraph 1865-75; special correspondent in France, 1870-1; leader-writer on the Times 1875; made a special study of French politics; his France since the First Empire published, 1880.

[75] Cormac Macdonlevy (fl. 1459), physician; called in Irish MacDuinntshleibhe; translated Gualterus and other medical works into Irish; hereditary physician to the O'Donnells, like other members of the family (1200-1586).

[76] Alexander Macdonnell or Alaster (d. 1647). See Macdonald.

[77] Alexander Macdonnell , third Earl of Antrim (d. 1696?), brother of Randal Macdonnell, second earl of Antrim; joined the rebellion in Ireland; represented Wigan at intervals, 1660-83; succeeded to the earldom, 1683: marched to the relief of Londonderry, but was mistaken for the enemy, 1689.

[78] Alexander Macdonnell (1798–1835), chessplayer; merchant at Deinerara, 1820-30; secretary to the West India Committee of Merchants, 1830; studied chess under William Lewis (1787-1870); admitted the best English player from 1833; beaten by the French player, Labourdonnais, 1834.

[79] Sir Alexander Mcdonnell, first baronet (1794-1875), commissioner of national education in Ireland; educated at Westminster and Christ Church, Oxford; student till 1826; M.A., 1820; barrister, Lincoln's Inn, 1824; renounced the bar and became chief clerk hi the chief secretary's office, Ireland; resident commissioner of the board of education, Ireland, 1839-71; privy councillor of Ireland, 1846; created baronet, 1872.

[80] John Macdonnell (1691–1754), Irish poet; began a translation of Homer into Irish and a History of Ireland; some of his Irish poems printed,

[81] Sir Randal Macdonnell , first Viscount Dunluce and first Earl of Antrim (d. 1636), called 'Arranach'; son of Sorley Boy MacDonnell; joined O'Neill's rebellion, 1600; submitted to Mountjoy, the lord-deputy, 1602: created Viscount Dunluce, 1618, and Earl of Antrim, 1620.

[82] Randal Macdonnell , second viscount Dunluce and second Earl and first Marquis of Antrim (1609–1683), son of Sir Randal MacDonnell, first viscount Dunluce and first earl of Antrim; introduced at court, 1634; married the Duke of Buckingham's widow, 1636: sent by the king to raise forces in Scotland, 1639; took his seat in the Irish House of Lords, 1640: frequently imprisoned as a suspect, 1642-5; ordered to lay down his arms, 1646; retired to Ireland; allowed to return to England, 1650: pardoned, 1663.

[83] Sir Richard Graves Macdonnell (1814–1881), colonial governor; educated at Trinity College, Dublin; MJL, 1836; called to the Irish bar, 1838; barrister, Lincoln's Inn, 1841; chief-justice of the Gambia, 1843; LL.B., 1845: governor of the British settlements on the Gambia, 1847-52; governor of St Lucia, 1852-3; O.B., 1852; administrator and captain-general of M. Vincent, 1853-5; governor of South Australia, 1855-62; knighted, 1856; lieutenant-governor of Nova Scotia, 1864-5: governor of Jtong Kong, 1865-72: K.C.M.G., 1871; died at Hyeres.

[84] Robert Mcdonnell (1828-1889) surgeon; B.A. and M.B. Trinity College, Dublin, 1850; volunteered as civil surgeon in Crimean war, 1855; medical superintondent of Mountjoy government prison, 1867-67; F.R.S., 1865; president of Academy of Medicine in Ireland, 1885-8.

[85] Sorley Boy Macdonnell (Carolus Flavus) (1505 ?-1590), Scoto-Irish chieftain, lord of the Route and constable of Dunluce Castle; appointed to lordship of Route district, 1558; made overtures to Elizabeth regardins? the Scottish settlement on the Antrim coast, 1560: worsted by Shane O'Neill, 1564-7: defeated by Earl of Essex, 1575; after some success was forced to escape to Scotland, 1585; admitted his lack of legal right in Ulster, 1586, and submitted to government,

[86] Allan Macdougall (1750?–1829), Gaelic poet ; published Gaelic verses, 1798; family bard to Colonel MacDonald, laird of Glengarry.

[87] Sir Duncan Macdougall (1787–1862), lieutenant-colonel, 79th Cameron highlanders; ensign, 1804; served at the Cape of Good Hope, in the Peninsula; and in the American war, 1814-15; entrusted, as commander of 79th foot at Halifax, Nova Scotia, with organisation of colonial militia, 1825; quartermaster-general and second in command of British auxiliary legion of Spain, 1835; prominent figure in the volunteer movement; buried in St. Paul's Cathedral.

[88] Francis Thomas McDougall (1817-1886), bishop of Labuan and Sarawak; studied medicine at Malta university, King's College, London, and London University; subsequently entered Magdalen College, Oxford; B.A., 1842; ordained, 1845; missionary in Borneo, 1847-67; bishop of Labuan, 1855-68; archdeacon of Huntingdon, 1870; canon of Ely, 1871, of Winchester, 1873; archdeacon of the Isle of Wight, 1874.

[89] Sir John Macdougall (1790–1865), vice-admiral ; entered the navy, 1802; repeatedly in boat actions, 18031809; lieutenant, 1809; commander, 1820; captured the Bogue ports, Canton, 1847; K.C.B., 1862; vice-admiral, 1863.

[90] Sir Patrick Leonard Macdougall (1819–1894), general; educated at Military Academy, Edinburgh, and at Sandhurst; lieutenant, 36th foot, 1839; major, 1849; major-general, 1868; lieutenant-general, 1877; colonel, 2nd battalion West India regiment, 1881: and of Leinster regiment, 1891; general, 1883; served in Canada, 1844-54; superintendent of studies at Sandhurst, 1854-8, but served in Crimea, 1854-5; adjutantgeneral of Canadian militia, 1865-9; deputy-inspectorgeneral of auxiliary forces at headquarters, 1871; head of intelligence branch of war office, 1873-8: K.C.M.G., 1877; commander in North America, 1877-83; retired, 1885; principal work, The Theory of War 1856.

[91] Andrew Macdowall, Lord Bankton (1685–1760), Scottish judge; educated at Edinburgh University; admitted advocate, 1708; became judge, with the title Lord Bankton, 1756; author of An Institute of the Laws of Scotland in Civil Rights 1751-3.

[92] William M'Dowall (1815-1888), journalist and antiquary; appointed to the editorial staff of the Scottish Herald 1843; edited Dumfries and Galloway Standard 1846-88; published History of Dumfries 1867, The Man of the Woods and other Poems 1844, and Mind in the Face 1882.

[93] Benjamin McDowell (1739-1824), presbyterian divine: born at Elizabethtown, New Jersey; educated at Princeton and Glasgow universities: joined the established church of Scotland; ordained, 1766; influential in Dublin presbyteriauism; D.D. Edinburgh, 1789; author of controversial works.

[94] Patrick Macdowell (1799–1870), sculptor; exhibited at the Royal Academy, 1822 and 1826-9; entered the Academy Schools, 1830; R.A., 1846; executed _ other worka, Girl going to the Bath,* 1841, and Kuropa for the Albert Memorial, 1870.

[95] William Macdowell (1590–1666), diplomat; educated at St. Andrews University; professor of philosophy at Groningen, 1614; LI-.D. (ironingea, 1626; president of the council of war in Groningen and Prieland, 1627: ambassador to England, 1629, 1680, and 16J6; Charles II V resident agent at the Hague, I860; defeated the proposals of the envoys of the EngllHb parliament to the assembly of the States-General, 1661; bis Answer to English envoys published, 1611.

[96] Thane Macduff or Earl of Fife (fl. 1056?), a half or wholly mythical personage; advanced the cause of Malcolm Canmore against the usurper Macbeth.

[97] Daniel Mace (d. 1763), textual critic; presbyterian minister; published anonymously The New Testament in Greek and English... corrected from the Authority of the most authentic Manuscript* a precursor of the modern critical texts, 1729.

[98] Thomas Mace (1619?–1709?), musician ; an accomplished lutenist,ithough deaf; devised a lute of fifty strings, 1672; published Music's Monument 1676.

[99] Evan Maceachen (1769–1849), Gaelic scholar: entered the Scots College, Valladolid, 1788: ordained there, 1798; missioner in Scotland, 1798-1838: his most important work, Gaelic Translation of the New Testament (unpublished).

[100] Owen Macegan, Maceggan, Maceogan, or Mackegan, or Eugenius (d. 1603), bishop-designate of Ross, co. Cork; probably educated at an Irish Roman catholic seminary in Spain; encouraged rebellion in Ireland, 1600; went to Spain again and gained influence with Philip III, persuading him to assist Tyrone's rebellion, 1601; as a reward for this made vicar-apostolic by the pope; prevented Charles Blount, eighth baron Mountjoy, from entirely crushing the rebellion, 1602; exercised great power, but was slain in an encounter with the English at Cladach.

[101] Francis Maceroni (1788–1846)m aide-de-camp to Murat and mechanical inventor; aide-de-camp to Murat, king of Naples, 1814; Murat's envoy in England, 1816; settled in England, 1816; published a biography of Joachim Mnrat, king of Naples, 1817; meddled in American, Spanish, and Neapolitan politics, 1819-26. A 'steam-coach his most important invention, experimented with, 1833.

[102] William M'Ewen (1735-1762), Scottish secessionist; ordained, 1754; published religious works.

[103] Ebenezer Macfait (d. 1786), Greek scholar, mathematician, physician, and miscellaneous writer.

[104] James Macfarlan (1832–1862), poet : a professional pedlar; walked from Glasgow to London to publish a volume of lyrics, 1853; published other volumes of poems, 1864, 1856, and 1866; contributed to Household Words. 1

[105] James Macfarlan (1800–1871), presbyterian minister; son of John Macfarlan (d. 1846); licensed, 1831: published an English version of the Prophecies of Ezekiel 1845.

[106] James Macfarlan (1845–1889), presbyterian minister; sou of James Macfarlan Q800-1871); educated at Edinburgh Academy and University, 1868-64; minister of Ruthwell, 1871-89.

[107] John Macfarlan (d. 1846), Scottish advocate; brother of Patrick Macfarlan; friend of Sir Walter Scott; author of two religious pamphlets,

[108] Patrick Macfarlan (1780–1849), Scottish divine; brother of John Macfarlan: licensed, 1803: joined secessionist*, 1843: moderator of the free general assembly, 1846; published religious works.

[109] Walter Macfarlan (rf. 1767), antiquary: devoted himself to Scottish antiquarian research: his materials used by Douglas in his Peerage of Scotland

[110] Mrs Macfarlane (fl. 1716–1719), murderess; nrt Straiten: married John Mm-furlimo, writer to the signet; for some unknown reason shot Captain Cayley at her house in Edinburgh, 1716; not appearing to stand her trial (1717), was outlawed and reuiuined In hiding, probably till her death.

[111] Charles Macfarlane (d. 1858), miscellaneous writer: travelled in Italy, 1816-27: in Turkey, 1827-9; settled in London and supported himself by literary work, 1829; again travelled abroad, 1847-8; nominated a poor brother of the Charterhouse, 1867; his best worksCivil and Military History of England(8 vols.), 1838-44, and The Book of Table Talk 1836.

[112] Duncan Macfarlane (1771–1857), principal of Glasgow University; educated at Glasgow University; ordained, 1792; D.D., 1806; principal of Glasgow University, 1824; as moderator, defended the established church in the disruption year, 1843.

[113] John Macfarlane (1807–1874), Scottish divine ; educated at Edinburgh and Glasgow Universities; ordained, 1831; LL.D., 1842; promoted presbyterian church extension in England; published religious works.

[114] Patrick Macfarlane (1758–1832), Gaelic scholar; translated religious books into Gaelic for the Society in Scotland for the Propagation of Christian Knowledge; published a collection of Gaelic poems, 1813, and a vocabulary of Gaelic and English, 1815.

[115] Robert Macfarlane (1734–1804), miscellaneous writer; M.A. Edinburgh; editor of the Morning Chronicle and London Packet; accidentally run over and killed; author of a Latin translation of the first book of Ossian's * Temora 1769, and of vols. i. and iv. of a 'History of George III 1770 and 1796.

[116] Robert Macfarlane, Lord Ormidale(1802–1880), senator of the College of Justice; educated at Glasgow and Edinburgh: writer to the signet, 1827; advocate at Edinburgh, 1838; sheriff of Renfrewshire, 185S; lord of session as Lord Ormidale, 1862; wrote on procedure of court of session.

[117] George Macfarren (1788–1843), dramatist and theatrical manager; his first play performed, 1818; produced a play almost every year after 1818; took the Queen's Theatre, London, 1831; stage-manager of the Surrey Theatre, and then of the Strand Theatre, London; first suggested the Handel Society; editor and proprietor of the Musical World 1841.

[118] Sir George Alexander Macfarren (1813–1887), musical composer: son of George Macfarren; studied at the Royal Academy of Music, 1829-36; his symphony in performed, 1830; other compositions performed, 1830-7; professor of harmony and composition at the Royal Academy of Music, 1837-46 and 1851-75; the Devil's Opera one of his best dramatic works, produced, 1838; founded the Hnndel Society, 1844; conductor at Covent Garden, 1845; became blind, 1860; composed operas, 1860-73; his first oratorio,St. John the Baptist performed, 1873; principal of the Royal Academy of Marie, and professor of music, Cambridge, 1875-87; knighted, 1883.

[119] Robert Andrew Macfie (1811–1893), free-trade advocate: educated at Leith and Edinburgh; engaged in business as sugar refiner at Edinburgh and Liverpool, where he assisted in founding chamber of commerce; M P Leith Burghs, 1868-74; F.R.C.I. and F.R.S.E.; published works dealing with patents, copyright, and political questions.

[120] Duald Macfirbis (1585–1670), Irish historian ; composed a treatise on Irish genealogy, finished, 1650; in Dublin translating Irish manuscripts for Sir James Ware , 1655-66; stabbed at Duuflin while on his way to Dublin; the last of the hereditary sennachies of Ireland.

[121] Florence Macflynn or FLANN (d. 1256)', archbishop of Tuam; also called FIACHA O'FLYN; consecrated archbishop, 1250; went to England to plead the cause of the Irish church, 1266.

[122] James William M'Gauley (d. 1867), professor of natural philosophy to the board of national education In Ireland, 1836-56; In Canada, 1856-66; on the council of the Inventors Institute, and editor of the Scientific Review; published scientific works.

[123] William M'Gavin (1773-1832), controversialist; partner in a firm of cotton merchants, 1813; Glasgow agent for the British Linen Company's bank, 1822; belonged to the anti-burgher communion; contributed controversial letters to the Glasgow Chronicle under the title of the Protestant 1818-22, afterwards issued in book form; author of other controversial works.

[124] Thomas D'Arcy McGee (1825-1868), Irish-Canadian statesman and poet; emigrated to America, 1842; edited Boston Pilot; London correspondent for the Nation; secretary to the committee of the Irish Confederation, 1847; escaped to America on the rout of the Young Ireland party, 1848; founded the American Celt and conducted it, 1850-7; started the New Era at Montreal; member for Montreal in legislative assembly, 1858-62; president of the council, 1864; a warm advocate of federation; member for Montreal West, and minister of agriculture and emigration, 1867; openly denounced Irish disloyalty, and was shot in Ottawa; chief work, Popular History of Ireland 1862.

[125] Conall Macgeoghegan (ft. 1635). See Mageoghegan.

[126] James Macgeoghegan (1702–1763), historian ; related to Conall Macgeoghegan; educated in France, becoming an abbé; published Histoire de l'Irlande vol. i. 1758, vol. ii. 1762, vol. iii. 1763; died at Paris.

[127] Roche Macgeoghegan , also called Rochus de Cruce (1580–1644), Irish Dominican and bishop of Kildare; studied at the Irish College, Lisbon; Dominican provincial of Ireland, 1622; bishop of Kildare, 1629-44; constantly persecuted and forced to live in hiding.

[128] Andrew Macgeorge (1810–1891), antiquarian writer and historian; educated at Glasgow University; practised as an ecclesiastical lawyer, 1836-89; caricaturist and author of works on heraldry and antiquarian subjects,

[129] Hamilton Montgomery Macgill (1807–1880), united presbyterian divine, educated at Glasgow University; ordained, 1837; home mission secretary of the united presbyterian church, 1865-8; foreign mission secretary, 1868-80; D.D. Glasgow, 1870; author of 4 Songs of the Christian Creed and Life 1876.

[130] Stevenson Macgill (1765–1840), professor of theology at Glasgow; educated at Glasgow University; ordained, 1796; D.D. Aberdeen and Marischal College, 1803; professor of theology, Glasgow, 1814; moderator of the general assembly, 1828; dean of the Chapel Royal, London, 1835.

[131] William M'Gill (1732-1807), Scottish divine; M.A. Glasgow College; ordained, 1761; published essay on The Death of Christ 1786; the discussion of his supposed heterodoxy by the presbytery gave rise to Burns's satire, The Kirk's Alarm.

[132] Charles R. Macgillivray (1804?–1867), M.D., 1853; lecturer in Gaelic at the Glasgow Institution, 1859; translated the Pilgrim's Progress into Gaelic (translation published, 1869).

[133] John Macgillivray (1822–1867), naturalist; son of William MacGillivray; studied medicine at Edinburgh; naturalist on various government surveying expeditions, 1842-55; after 1855 studied natural history in Australasian islands; died at Sydney.

[134] William Macgillivray (1796–1852), naturalist; M.A. Aberdeen, 1815; dissector to the lecturer on comparative anatomy, Aberdeen; assistant and secretary to the regius professor (Robert Jameson ) of natural history, Edinburgh, 1823; conservator of the Royal College of SurgeonsMuseum, Edinburgh, 1831-41; professor of natural history, Aberdeen, 1841; best-known work, A History of British Birds 1837-52.

[135] Mac Giolla Cuddy (1618–1693). See Richard Archdekin.

[136] Alexander McGlashan (d. 1797), Scottish violinist; edited A Collection of Scots Measures, Hornpipes, Jigs etc.

[137] John McGlashan (d. 1866), legal author; Edinburgh solicitor; went to New Zealand, 1865, where he died; published legal works, 1831-44.

[138] John Macgowan (1726–1780), baptist minister; pastor of the meeting-house, Devonshire Square, 1766-80; chief work, Infernal Conferences, or Dialogues of Devils, by the Listener 1772.

[139] Augustin Macgradoigh (1349–1405), also called Magraidin; Irish chronicler; canon-regular of St. Austin; continued the O'Brian annals to 1406.

[140] Sir Charles Metcalfe Macgregor (1840–1887), major-general; educated at Marlborough; took part in the suppression of the Indian Mutiny, 1857-8; served In China, 1860-1: took part In the Abyssinian expedition, 1867-8; compiled the Gazetteer of Central Asia for the Indian government, 1868-73; made expeditions to obtain information about the Afghan frontier, 1875; served in the second Afghan war, 1878-9; K.O.B., 1881; quartermaster-general of India, 1880; general officer commanding the Punjaub frontier force, 1885; major-general, 1887; published accounts of his travels in Afghanistan and Beloochistan, 1879 and 1882, and works suppressed by the Indian government, 1884 and 1885-6; died at Cairo.

[141] Sir Gregor Macgregor (ft. 1817), calling himself His Highness Gregor, Cacique of Poyais, South American adventurer; said to have served in youth in British army; went to Oaraccas to aid in the struggle for South American independence, 1811; general of brigade, Venezuelan army, 1812; distinguished himself In the campaign of 1813-21; general of division, 1817; assumed the title of cacique and settled among the Poyaia Indians, 1821; failed in his schemes for colonising the mosquito territory; restored to the rank of general of division, Venezuelan army, 1839; died probably at Oaraccas.

[142] James Macgregor (d. 1551), dean of Lismore; notary public, 1511; dean of Lismore, 1514; collected Gaelic poetry (selection edited, 1862).

[143] John Macgregor (1797–1857), statistician and historian; emigrated to Canada and settled in Prince Edward island: member of the House of Assembly: high sheriff, 1823; travelled over America collecting statistics; joint-secretary of the board of trade in London, 1840; M.P., Glasgow, 1847; promoter of the Royal British Bank, 1849; absconded shortly before it stopped payment; died at Boulogne: best-known works, My Note-book 1835, and The Resources and Statistics of Nations 1835.

[144] John Macgregor , known as Rob Roy (1825-1892), philanthropist and traveller: entered Trinity College, Dublin, 1839; proceeded to Trinity College, Cambridge, 1844; B.A., 1847; M.A., 1850; barrister, Inner Temple, 1851; travelled widely, 1848-57; went for his first solitary cruise in his Rob Roy canoe, 1865; published A Thousand Miles in the Rob Roy Canoe 1866; made other cruises, 1866, 1867, and 1868; member of the London school board, 1870 and 1873; actively promoted philanthropic schemes in London.

[145] John James Macgregor (1775-1834), historian and topographer; edited Munster Telegraph and subsequently Church Methodist Magazine; literary assistant to the Kildare Place Education Society, Dublin, 1829.

[146] Robert Macgregor or Campbell, commonly called Rob Roy (1671-1734), highland freebooter; nominally a grazier, though deriving his principal income from cattle-lifting and exacting money for affording protection against thieves; a man of some education; penal acts enforced against him and his clan for their conduct at the revolution, 1693; accused of fraudulent bankruptcy, 1712; followed with his men in the wake of the rebel army, but did not join it, 1715; surrendered to the Duke of Atholl, 1717; escaped and continued his depredations; apprehended and sentenced to be transported to Barbados, but pardoned, 1727; eventually became a Roman catholic and a peaceful subject. Authentic particulars of his life are to be found In Scott's Introduction to Rob Roy.

[147] Sir James McGrigor, first baronet (1771-1858), army surgeon; studied medicine at Aberdeen and Edinburgh Universities; M.A. Aberdeen, 1788; surgeon to de Burgh's regiment (Oonnaoght rangers), 1791; saw service in Flanders, West Indies, and India: superintending surgeon to the European and Indian troops going to Egypt, 1801: M.D. Marischal College, Aberdeen, 1804: inspector-general of hospitals, 1809: chief of the medical Ktaff of Wellington's army in the Peninsula, 1811: knighted, 1814: director-general of the army medical de1816-61; K.R.K., 1810: created baronet, 1810: MH. LL.D. Edinburgh; K.OJJ., 1860; author of medical reports.

[148] Sir James McGrigor (1819-1861), lieutenant-colonel n tin- Indian army: nephew of Sir James McGrigor q. v.; distinguished himself in the Indian mutiny. 1857-8: major, 1868; lieutenant-colonel, 1862; drowned while bathing at Aden.

[149] John Machabe (d. 1557). See Macalpine.

[150] Roger Machado (..1511?), diplomatist and Clarenceux king-of-arms; present at Edward IV's funeral, 1483; Richmond herald and Norroy king-of-arms, 1485; Clarenceux king-of-arms, 1494; employed on diplomatic missions in France, 1494-6.

[151] John Machale (1791–1881), archbishop of Tuam ; educated at Maynooth; lecturer on theology there, 1814; coadjutor bishop of Killalu, 1825; visited Rome, 1831; archbishop of Tuam, 1834; induced by his dislike of everything English to oppose Newman; quarrelled with Archbishop Cullen; translated the Pentateuch Into Irish, 1801, also some of Moore's melodies and part of the Iliad, 1844-71.

[152] Thomas Machen (15C8-1C14), M.A. Magdalen College, Oxford, 1592, and fellow; student of Lincoln's Inn, 1589; M.P., Gloucester, 1614.

[153] James McHenry (1785-1845 ), poet and novelist; emigrated to the United States, 1817; settled In Philadelphia, 1824; United States consul in Londonderry, 1842-5; best known by his novel, O'Halloran, or the Insurgent Chief 1824.

[154] Henry Machin or Machyn (1498?-1563?), diarist; kept a valuable diary of the years 1660-63 (published by the Oamden Society, 1848).

[155] John Machin (1624–1664), ejected nonconformist; converted after entering Jesus College, Cambridge, 1645; B.A., 1649; received presbyteriau ordination, 1649; lectured at different towns, 1660-61: ejected from curacy of Whitley Chapel, Great Bud worth, Cheshire, 1662.

[156] John Machin (d. 1751), astronomer: F.R.S., 1710; professor of astronomy at Gresham College, London, 1713-51; left unpublished writings.

[157] Lewis Machin (ft. 1608), author, in collaboration with Gervase Markham, of a comedy, The Dumbe Knight 1608.

[158] Robert Machin or Macham (fl. 1344) legendary discoverer of Madeira; supposed to have fled from England with Anna Dorset, daughter of an English noble, and landed on an island at a port which he called Machico; Madeira was discovered by Genoese sailors in the Portuguese service prior to the date of Machin's voyage.

[159] William de Machlinia (fl. 1482–1490), printer; probably a native of Mechlin: printer in England after 1482; about twenty-two books assigned to his press.

[160] John Machon (1572–1640?), B.A. Magdalen College, Oxford, 1594; canon of Lichfield, 1631.

[161] Macian of Glencoe (d. 1692). See Alexander Macdonald.

[162] Robert Ronald M'Ian (1803-1866), historical painter: while studying art, was on the stage till 1839; exhibited at the Royal Academy from 1836: associate of the Royal Scottish Academy, 1862; painted chiefly pictures of highland life and history.

[163] George Macilwain (1797–1882), medical writer: studied under Abernethy at St. Bartholomew's Hospital, London: F.R.O.S., 1843; held various surgical appointments in London: published Memoirs of John Abernethy 1853, and medical treatises.

[164] Sir Thomas McIlwraith (1836-1900), premier of Queensland: educated as engineer at Glasgow University: went (1864) to Victoria, where he found employment on railways; engaged in pastoral pursuits in Queensland: member of legislative assembly for Marnnon, 1869: minister for works and mines, 1874;. member for Mulgrave,1878: premier, 1879-88: colonial treasurer, 18791881; colonial secretary, 1881-3: K.C.M.G., 182: annexed New Guinea to Queensland, 1883: came to Great Britain: hon. LL.D. Glasgow, 1883; member for North Brisbane, 1888; premier, colonial secretary, and treasurer, 1888; resigned premiership, 1888, but retained seat in cabinet without portfolio; colonial treasurer, 1890; premier, 1893; returned (1893) to England, where he died.

[165] Charles Macintosh (1766–1843), chemist and inventor of waterproof fabrics: studied chemistry while a counting-house clerk; started the first alum works in Scotland, 1797; connected with the St. Rollox chemical works till 1814; patented his waterproof invention, 1823, and started works in Manchester (still continued); F.R.S., 1823.

[166] Donald Macintosh (1743–1808), Scottish nonjuring bishop; clerk for the Gaelic language to the Scottish Society of Antiquaries, 1786-9: ordained, i789; acted as a missionary or untitled bishop of Jacobite episcopacy; Gaelic translator and keeper of Gaelic records to the Highland Society of Scotland, 1801: the last representative of the nonjuring Scottish episcopal church: compiled A Collection of Gaelic Proverbs the first ever made.

[167] Duncan Ban Macintyre (1724–1812), Gaelic poet; joined the Hanoverian forces, 1746; present at the battle of Falkirk, 1746: published the first edition of his poems, 1786 (other editions, 1790 and 1804): some of his poems translated into English; vividly described highland scenery.

[168] Hugh Mackail (1640?-1666). Scottish martyr; educated at Edinburgh University; ordained, 1661; apprehended for his preaching, 1662; escaped to Holland: joined a covenanters* rising in Scotland, 1666; tortured and hanged in Edinburgh.

[169] Matthew Mackail or Mackaille (fl. 1657–1696), medical writer; M.D. Aberdeen, 1696; published medical works.

[170] Matthew Mackail (d. 1734). sou of Matthew Mackail (fi. 1657-1696); studied medicine at Leyden; professor of medicine, Aberdeen, 1717.

[171] John Fielder Mackarness (1820–1889), bishop of Oxford; educated at Eton and Merton College, Oxford; B.A., 1844; honorary canon of Worcester, 1854-8; prebendary of Exeter, 1868; bishop of Oxford, 1870-88; a liberal in politics.

[172] Mrs Matilda Anne Mackarness (1826–1881), author; daughter of James Robinson Planche; published her best-known story, A Trap to Catch a Sunbeam, 1849; married the Rev. Henry S. Mackarness (d. 1868), brother of John Fielder Mackarness.

[173] Alexander Mackay (1808–1852), journalist; barrister, Middle Temple, 1847; on the staff of the Morning Chronicle till 1849; sent to India by the chambers of commerce of the big cities in the north to inquire into the cultivation of cotton, 1851; his Western World, or Travels in the United States in 1846-7 1849, long the most complete work on the subject.

[174] Alexander Mackay (1816–1895), educational mar; M.A. King's College, Aberdeen, 1840: LL.D., 1866; first Free church minister of Rhynie, Aberdeenshire, 1844-67; studied local geology, and was F.R.G.S., 1859; published educational works, including Manual of Modern Geography 1861.

[175] Alexander Murdoch Mackay (1849–1890) missionary; studied engineering subjects at Edinburgh University; draughtsman in an engineering firm at Berlin, 1873-6: joined the mission to Uganda, 1876, and gained great influence over the natives; died at Usambiro.

[176] Andrew Mackay (1760–1809), mathematician: keeper of Aberdeen Observatory, 1781; LL.D. Aberdeen. 1786; mathematical examiner to the Trinity House (1806-9) and to the East India Company: chief works, The Theory and Practice of finding the Longitude at Sea or on Land 1793, A Collection of Mathematical Tables 1804, and The Complete Navigator 1804.

[177] Angus Mackay (1824–1886), colonial journalist and politician: taken by his parents to New South Wales, 1827; editor of the Atlas 1847: represented the 'Empireat the gold fields, 1851: member for Sandhurst burghs, Victoria, 1868-79 and 1883-6: minister of mines, 1870: launched theSyduey Daily Telegraph 1879: died at Sandhurst burghs.

[178] Archibald McKay (1801-1883), poet and topographer: his most popular poems My First Bawbee 'My ain Couthie Wife and Drouthy Tarn 1828; author of A History of Kilmarnock 1848.

[179] Charles Mackay (1814–1889), poet and journalist; educated at Brussels; private secretary to William Cockerill, 1830-2: assistant sub-editor of the 'Morning Chronicle 1834-44; editor of theGlasgow Argus 1844-7, of the Illustrated London News 1862-9; special correspondent ofThe Timesat New York, 1862-5; wrote his song, The Good Time Coming 1846, of which 400,000 copies were circulated: published songs at intervals from 1834-90 (collected, 1859 and 1868), his 'Gossamer and Snowdrift being posthumous, 1890; LL.D. of Glasgow, 1846: published numerous prose works.

[180] Sir Donald Mackay , of Far, first Baron Reay (1591-1649), succeeded to the headship of the clan, 1614; knighted, 1616; created baronet, 1627: served the King of Denmark with distinction, 1627-9; created Baron Reay, 1628; transferred his regiment to Gustavus Adolphus, 1629; present at the battles of Leipzig (1631) and Lutzen (1633); returned to Denmark, 1643; joined King Charles I, 1644: captured at Newcastle, 1644; set free, 1645; retired to Denmark (1648), where he died.

[181] Hugh Mackay (1640?-1692), of Scourie, general: served with his regiment abroad, 1660-73; transferred his services to the States-General, 1673: colonel of Scots Dutch regiments, 1680; summoned to England to aid against Monmouth, 1685; privy councillor of Scotland; returned to Holland, remaining there on the recall of the regiment by James II, 1687; in command of the English and Scots division in the expedition of William of Orange, 1688; commander-in-chief of the forces in Scotland, 1689: defeated Olaverhouse at Killiecrankie, 1689; induced the surrender of the forces of Cannon, Claverhouse's successor, 1689; led the attack at Steinkirk, where he was slain.

[182] James Townsend Mackay (1775?-1862), botanist; curator of the botanical garden, Trinity College, Dublin, 1806-62; published his Flora Hibernica 1836: LL.D. Dublin University, 1850; discovered plants new to the British isles.

[183] John Mackay, second Baron Reay (fl. 1650), son of Sir Donald Mackay of Far, first baron Reay: took part in royalist insurrections in Scotland, 1649 and 1654.

[184] Mackintosh Mackay (1800–1873), Gaelic scholar; educated for the ministry; superintended the printing of the Gaelic dictionary of the Highland and Agricultural Society, 1828; published thePoemsof Robert Mackay, Rob Donn, 1829; at the disruption joined the Free church; minister of the Gaelic church at Melbourne, 1854, uud Sydney, 1856; returned to Scotland.

[185] Robert Mackay , commonly called Rob Donn (the Brown) (1714-1778), Gaelic poet; acted as herd, gamekeeper, and boman; in the Reay fencibles, 1759-67; wrote poems, chiefly elegies and satires, in the Sutherlandshire dialect.

[186] Robert William Mackay (1803–1882), philosopher and scholar; educated at Winchester and Brasenose College, Oxford; M.A., 1828; publishedThe Progress of the Intellect as exemplified in the Religious Development of the Greeks and Hebrews 1860, and other learned works.

[187] Mary Mackellar (1834–1890), highland poetess : nee Cameron: married John Markellar, captain of a coasting vessel; obtained judicial separation from him; settled in Edinburgh, c. 178G; herPoems aul iik. Gaelic and English contributed to newspapers and periodicals, published, 1880: translated into Gaelic the second series of Queen Victoria's Leaves from our Journal In the Highlands

[188] Patrick Mackellar (1717–1778), colonel, military engineer: clerk in the ordnance service, 1735; employed in Minorca, 1739-64 and 1763-78: engineer in ordinary, 1751; served in Braddock's campaign in North America. 1764; chief engineer of the frontier fort*!, 1766; taken prisoner and confined in Quebec and Montreal, 1766-7: second and then chief engineer at the capture of Louisburg, 1768: chief engineer to Wolfe, 1769; in the expedition against Martinique, 1761-2, and the attack on Havanuah, 1762; director of engineering and colonel at Minorca, 1777.

[189] William Mackelvie (1800–1863), united presbyterian divine; studied for the ministry as a secessionist at Edinburgh University: ordained, 1829; promoted union of secession and relief churches; best-known work 'Annals and Statistics of the United Presbyterian Church (published, 1873).

[190] John Macken (1784?-1823), poet; merchant at Ballyconnell: joint-editor of the Enniskillen Chronicle 1808: in London, 1818; assisted in compiling Huntingdon Peerage 1821; returned to Ireland and resumed his joint-editorship of the Enniskillen Chronicle 1821; published verse.

[191] John Mackenna or Juan (1771–1814), Chilean general; left Ireland and entered the Royal Academy of Mathematics at Barcelona, 1784: entered an Irish engineer corps in the Spanish army, 1787; served against the French, 1787-8 and 1794; went to Peru, 1796; governor of Osoruo, 1797-1808: joined revolution, 1810: provisional governor of Valparaiso and commander-in-chief of artillery and engineers, 1811-14; brigadier-general, 1813; banished, 1814; killed in a duel at Buenos Ayres.

[192] Nial Mackenna (fl. 1700), Irish poet and harper ; author of the celebrated song, Little Celia Couuellan

[193] Theobald Mackenna (d. 1808). Irish catholic writer; secretary to the catholic committee in Ireland; the mouthpiece of the seceders after 1791; opposed Wolfe Tone's views in a pamphlet, 1793; disappointed with the results of the union; suggested raising the Irish catholic church to an establishment, 1806; issued political pamphlets,

[194] Mackenzie Baron of Kintail (1764–1816). See Francis Mackenzie Humberston, first Baron Seaforth and Mackenzie.

[195] Sir Alexander Mackenzie (1755?–1820), North American explorer; explored the then unknown north-west, 1789; started from Fort Chippewayan, a trading port at the head of Lake Athabasca, with the object of reaching the Pacific coast, 1792; published an account of his voyages, 1801; knighted, 1802; resided in Canada and represented Huntingdon county in the provincial parliament; returned to Scotland, where he died.

[196] Alexander Mackenzie (1822–1892), first liberal premier of the Canadian Dominion; emigrated to Canada, 1842; builder and contractor at Sarnia, 1848; edited Lambtou Shield 1852; member for Lambton in the provincial parliament, 1861-7, and in the Dominion House of Commons, 1867; premier and minister of public works, 1873-8; resigned the leadership of the opposition, 1880; member for East York, 1882-92; died at Toronto; upheld the connection between Canada and Great Britain.

[197] Charles Frederick Mackenzie (1825–1862), bishop of Central Africa; brother of William Forbes Mackenzie; educated at Caius College, Cambridge: M.A., 1851: fellow; accompanied John William Coleuso to Natal as his archdeacon, 1855; chaplain to the troops round Durban, 1858; head of the universities mission to Central Africa, 1860: consecrated bishop at Cape Town, 1861; settled at Magomero in the Maugauja country: often reported to force to help the Manganja; died at Malo.

[198] Colin Mackenzie (1713?–1821), colonel in the Madras engineers, Indian antiquary and topographer: served in the Madras engineer, against Tippoo Sahib, 2 and 1799; surveyed Mysore, 1799-1806; surveyor-general of Madras, 1807: commanding engineer in Java, 1811-16: O.B., 1815; surveyor-general of India, 1819; made valuable collections of Indian antiquities, inscriptions, and manuscripts.

[199] Colin Mackenzie (180–1881 ), lieutenant-general in Indian army: cadet of infantry on Madras establishment, 1826; served in Coorg campaign, 1834, and in Straits of Malacca, 1836; assistant political agent at Peshawar, 1840: served with distinction at Kabul: brevet-captain: attended conference between Akbar Khun and Sir William Hay Macnaghten and was taken prisoner; on being released, chosen by Akbar Khan as one of the hostages to be given up to him; raised Sikh regiment during the last Sikh campaign: brigadierk" n nil in command of Kllichpur division of Hyderabad contingent, 1853; dangerously wounded at Bolaruin in mutiny of a cavalry regiment against orders which the government subsequently condemned as ill-judged, 1866; returned temporarily to England; agent to governor-general with Nawab Nazim of Bengal: C.B., 1867; failed to obtain divisional command owing to censure in ItoUrum case, and finally left India, 1873.

[200] Dugal Mackenzie (d. 1688?), Scottish author; educated at Aberdeen and Paris Universities: some Latin poems and epigrams attributed to him.

[201] Eneas Mackenzie (1778–1832), topographer: became baptist minister and ultimately printer and publisher: founded the Mechanics Institution, Newcastle; published several topographical works.

[202] Frederick Mackenzie (1788?-1854), watercolour painter and topographical draughtsman: employed in making topographical and architectural drawings; exhibited at the Royal Academy, 1804-28; member of the Society of Painters in Water-colours, 1823.

[203] George Mackenzie, second Earl of Seaforth (d. 1651), succeeded, 1633; of royalist inclination, but with the covenanters, 1639-40: sometimes supported and sometimes opposed Montrose, 1640-6; joined Charles II in Holland, 1649; died at Schiedam.

[204] Sir George Mackenzie (1636–1691), of Rosehaugh, king's advocate; studied at St. Andrews, Aberdeen, and Bourges Universities: called to the bar at Edinburgh, 1659; distinguished himself in the trial of the Marquis of Argyll, 1661; knighted; M.P., Ross, 1669: king's advocate, 1677; privy councillor, 1677; called 'Bloodyfrom his severe treatment (1679-86) of the covenanters: resigned for a short time, 1686; again in office, 1688; opposed the dethronement of James II, and to escape the consequences retired from public life: founded the library of the Faculty of Advocates, opened 1689; author of moral essays and legal and historical works of a bigoted character.

[205] Georde Mackenzie , first Viscount Tarbat, first Earl of Cromarty (1630-1714). statesman; educated at St. Andrews and Aberdeen Universities; succeeded to the family estates, 1654: as a royalist had to remain in exile till 1660; lord of session as Lord Tarbat: planned Lauderdale's downfall by means of the act of billeting 1662; deprived of office, 164; appointed lord justice-general of Scotland, 1678; chief minister of the 1 king in Scotland, 1682-8; created Viscount Tarbat, 1685: , joined the new government, 1689; secretary of state, 1702-4; created Earl of Cromarty, 1703: advocated hc union; published miscellaneous pamphlets,

[206] George Mackenzie (1669–1725), Scottish biographer; son of George Mackenzie, second earl of Seaforth ; studied medicine at Aberdeen, Oxford, and Paris: M.D. Aberdeen: chief work, Lives and Character* of the most Eminent Writers of the Scots Nation vol. L 1708, vol. ii. 1711, and vol. iii. 1722.

[207] George Mackenzie , third Earl of Cromarty (d. 1766), succeeded, 1731; joined Prince Charles Hdward, 1745: taken prisoner, tried, and sentenced to death, 1746; pardoned, 1749.

[208] George Mackenzie (1741–1787), brother of John Mackenzie, baron Macleod; present at the defence of Gibraltar, 1780; lieutenant-colonel, 1783; died at Wallajabad.

[209] George Mackenzie (1777–1856) meteorologist; began a register of atmospheric changes, 1802: formed his primary cycle of the winds 1819; author of reports or Manuals of the weather.

[210] Sir George Steuart Mackenzie, seventh baronet (1780-1848) of Coul, mineralogist; succeeded to baronetcy, 1796: discovered identity of diamond and carbon, 1800: F.R.S.; studied mineralogy and geology in Iceland, 1810; in the Faroe islands, 1812; joint author of Travels in Iceland 1811; wrote geological and miscellaneous works.

[211] Henry Mackenzie (1745–1831), novelist and miscellaneous writer; educated at Edinburgh High School and University: attorney for the crown in Scotland; his novels, The Man of Feeling 1771, The Man of the World, 1 1773, and Julia de Roubigné, 1777, published anonymously; produced a successful tragedy, "The Prince of Tunis 1773; superintended the periodicals, The Mirror 1779-80, and The Lounger, 1785-7; wrote on contemporary politics, 1784-93; comptroller of taxes for Scotland, 1804-31; his Works issued, 1807 and 1808; called by Scott the Northern Addison

[212] Henry Mackenzie (1808–1878), bishop suffragan of Nottingham; educated at Merchant Taylors School, London, and Pembroke College, Oxford; ordained, 1834; M.A., 1838; prebendary of Lincoln, 1858; sub-dean and canon-residentiary, 1864; archdeacon of Nottingham, 1866; D.D., 1869; bishop suffragan of Nottingham, 1870-8.

[213] James Mackenzie (1680?-1761), physician; studied at Edinburgh and Leyden Universities; published 'The History of Health and the Art of preserving it 175&

[214] James Archibald Stuart-Wortley-Mackenzie, first Baron Wharncliffe. (1776–1845). See Stuart-Wortley-Mackenzie.

[215] John Mackenzie (1648?–1696), Irish divine: ordained presbyterian minister, 1673; chaplain of Walker's regiment during the siege of Londonderry, 1689; wrote narrative of siege, 1690.

[216] John Mackenzie , Baron Macleod, Count Cromarty in the Swedish peerage (1727–1789), major-general in the British army; great-grandson of George Mackenzie, first viscount Tarbat and first earl of Oromarty ; joined Prince Charles Edward, 1745; captured, 1746; pardoned, but deprived of his title and estates, 1748; joined a Swedish regiment, 1 750; present at the battle of Prague as a volunteer of the Prussian army and aide-de-camp to Marshal Keith (see KEITH, JAMES FRANCIS EDWARD), 1767: returned to England, 1777; raised highland regiment, and as its colonel embarked with it for India, 1779: served in India till 1783; majorgeneral, 1783; his estates restored, 1784.

[217] John Mackenzie (1806–1848), Gaelic scholar; collected popular songs; book-keeper in Glasgow University printing-office, 1836; published Beauties of Gaelic Poetry 1841; translated theological works into Gaelic.

[218] John Kenneth Mackenzie (1860–1888), medical missionary; obtained medical diplomas, London and Edinburgh, 1874; sent by the London Missionary Society to Hankow as a medical missionary, 1876; founded a medical school for native students at Tieu-tsin; died at Tien-tsin.

[219] Kenneth Mackenzie , fourth Earl Seaforth (d. 1701), succeeded to the earldom, 1678; followed James II to France, 1689; served in the siege of Londonderry, 1689; created by James titular Marquis of Seaforth; failed to make terms with William Ill's government, 1690; imprisoned till 1697; died in Paris.

[220] Kenneth Mackenzie (1754–1833). See Sir Kenneth Douglas.

[221] Kenneth Douglas Mackenzie (1811–1873), colonel: ensign in the Gordon highlanders, 1831: c tared William Smith O'Brien in the Irish insurrection, 1848; served in Crimea, 1854-6; went to India, 1857; employed in the expedition to China, 1860; colonel, 9; assistant quartermaster-general at the Horse Guards, 1870.

[222] Maria Elizabeth Frederica Stewart-Mackenzie, Lady Hood (1783–1862). See Stuart-Mackenzie.

[223] Sir Morell Mackenzie (1837–1892), physician; studied medicine at the London Hospital, at Paris, Vienna, and Pesth; specialised on throat diseases; M.D. London, 1862; helped to found the Hospital for Diseases of the Throat, Golden Square, London, 1863; summoned to Berlin to attend the crown prince of Germany, afterwards the Emperor Frederick III, 1887; knighted, 1887: justified his conduct in regard to the German physicians and his general treatment of the case in Frederick the Noble 1888, an injudicious work, for which he was censured by the Royal College of Surgeons, 1889; published Manual of Diseases of the Throat and Nose vol. i. 1880, vol. ii. 1884.

[224] Murdoch McKenzie, the elder (rf. 1797), hydrographer; surveyed the Orkney and Shetland isles, 1749; admiralty surveyor till 1771; F.R.S., 1774; published A Treatise on Marine Surveying 1774, and the results of his work on the Scottish and Irish coasts, 1776. McKENZIE, MURDOCH, the younger (1743-1829), commander in the navy; nephew of Murdoch M'Kenzie the elder; admiralty surveyor, 1771-88; commander, 1814.

[225] Robert Mackenzie (1823–1881), miscellaneous writer; journalist and author of historical works.

[226] Robert Shelton Mackenzie (1809–1880), miscellaneous writer; contributed poems to the Dublin and London Magazine publishedLays of Palestine,* 1828; journalist in London after 1830; engaged in literary work in New York, 1852; settled at Philadelphia (1857), where he died; remembered chiefly for his compilations, including valuable editions of the Noctes Ambrosianae 1861-3, and of Maginn's Miscellaneous Works 1855-7.

[227] Samuel Mackenzie (1785 - 1847), portrait painter; studied in Raeburn's studio at Edinburgh: contributed to the exhibitions of Associated Artists, Edinburgh, 1812-16, and to the Royal Institution, Edinburgh, 1821-9; member of the Scottish Academy, and contributed to its exhibitions, 1829-46; especially successful in his female portraits.

[228] Thomas Mackenzie, Lord Mackenzie (1807–1869), Scottish judge; studied at St. Andrews and Edinburgh Universities; called to the Scottish bar, 1832; solicitor-general, 1851; raised to the bench with the title Lord Mackenzie, 1854; retired, 1864: author of Studies in Roman Law, with Comparative Views of the Laws of France, England, and Scotland 1862.

[229] William Mackenzie , fifth Earl of Seaforth (d. 1740), joined the Pretender, 1715: served throughout the war and escaped to France, 1716; accompanied George Keith, tenth earl Marischal, in his expedition to the highlands, 1719; again escaped to France; pardoned and returned to Scotland, 1726.

[230] William Mackenzie (1791–1868), ophthalmic surgeon; studied chiefly at Glasgow and Vienna; Waltonian lecturer, Glasgow University, 1828; surgeonoculist to the queen in Scotland, 1838; helped to raise ophthalmic surgery to a high place among the special branches of medical science: his most important work, Practical Treatise on the Diseases of the Eye 1830.

[231] William Bell Mackenzie (1806–1870), of Magdalen Hall, Oxford; M.A., 1837; published religious works.

[232] William Forbes Mackenzie (1807–1862), of Portmore, Peeblesshire, politician; brother of Charles Frederick Mackenzie; called to the bar, 1827; M.P. Peeblesshire, 1837-62; lord of the treasury, 1845-6; author of the Forbes Mackenzie Act (for the regulation of public-houses in Scotland), 1H52.

[233] William Lyon Mackenzie (1795 - 1861), leader of Canadian insurgents; a native of Dundee; emigrated to Canada, 1820; conducted the Colonial Advocate at Toronto, 1824-34 -..member of the Upper Canada legislative assembly for th county of York, 1828-30, and 1834-6; mayor of Toronto, 1834; led an insurrection j (1837) which failed, and ended in bis imprisonment for a year, but which drew the attention of the home government to colonial abuses; member of the united provinces legislature, 1850-8.

[234] Benjamin Mackerell (d. 1738), Norfolk an- I tiquary; librarian of the Norwich public library, 1716-1732.

[235] John McKerrow (1789-1867), presbyterian divine; educated at Glasgow University; ordained by the Secession Church, 1813; published works on the history of his church.

[236] William McKerrow (1803-1878), presbyterian divine; educated at Glasgow University; ordained and ministered in Manchester, 1827-69; supported Manchester liberal movements; started the Manchester Examiner and Times 1846; member of the first Manchester school board, 1870.

[237] Frederick Mackeson (1807–1853), lleutenantoolouel; in the East India Company's service: commissioner at Peshawur; received a Bengal cadetship, 1825; accompanied Sir Alexander Burues to Cabul, 1837; distinguished himself in the Sikh wars; commissioner at Feshawur, 1851-3; employed in quieting the frontier tribes; assassinated by a native.

[238] David Hall McKewan (1816-1873), watercolour painter; studied under David Cox the elder ; member of the Royal Institute of Painters in Water-colours, 1850; painted landscapes and interiors.

[239] James Mackgill or Macgill (i. 1579), of Nether Rankeillour, clerk register of Scotland; educated at St. Andrews University; admitted advocate, 1550; appointed clerk register and an ordinary lord of session, 1554; at first adhered to Queen Mary, but was concerned In Riccio's (Kizzio's) murder, 1565, and afterwards became her opponent; member of the new council, 1578.

[240] James McKie (1816-1891), Burns collector; bookseller at Kilmarnock; started the Kilmarnock Journal and the Kilmarnock Weekly Post; collected rare editions of Burns, and published facsimiles; author of works connected with Burns.

[241] John Mackie (1748–1831), physician; studied at Edinburgh University; spent much time abroad, where be occasionally practised; published a Sketch of a New Theory of Man 1819. McKINLAY, JOHN (1819-1872), Australian explorer; emigrated to New South Wales, 1836; left Adelaide to trace the fate of O'Hara Burke, and Wills, and to explore, 1861; proved that Lake Torrens did not exist; struck the coast at Gulf Carpentaria, 1862; beaded another expedition to explore the northern territory, 1865.

[242] Daniel Mackinnon (1791–1836), colonel and historian of the Coldstream guards; brother of William Alexander Mackinnon; entered the guards, 1804; on the continent, 1805-14; wounded at Waterloo, 1815: colonel, 1830; published a famous Origin and History of the Coldstream Guards 1832.

[243] Daniel Henry Mackinnon (1813 - 1884), soldier and author; B.A. Trinity College, Dublin; entered the army, 1836; served in Afghanistan, 1838-9; in the Sikh war, 1846; major-general, 1878; published Military Services and Adventures in the Far East 1849.

[244] Sir William Mackinnon , first baronet (1823–1893), founder of British East Africa Company; engaged In mercantile firm in Glasgow; went to India, 1847, and with a partner founded firm of Mackinnon, Mackenzie & Co. for coasting trade in Bay of Bengal; took great Ert in founding Calcutta and Burmah (after 1862, itish India) Steam Navigation Company, 1866; negotiated with Sultan Seyyid Barghash, 1878, for lease of laud now called German.East Africa (sanction declined by British government); chairman of Imperial British East Africa Company, 1888-95; territory taken over by British government, 1895; shared largely in promoting Sir H. M. Stanley's expedition for relief of Emin Pasha, 1886; founded East African Scottish mission, 18'Jl; C.1.&, 1882; created baronet, 1889.

[245] William Alexander Mackinnon (17W1870), legislator; brother of Daniel Mackinnon; M.., Dunwich, 1K30-1, Lymington, 1881-41, Bje, 1853, 1867, and 1859-66; publishedOn Public Opinion In Great Britain and other Parts of the World 1828; rewritten M Hiatory of Civilisation 1846.

[246] Sir James Mackintosh (1766–1832), philosopher ; educated at Aberdeen University; studied medicine at Edinburgh: obtained his diploma, 1787; moved to London, 1788; became a regular contributor to the Oracle iK-longing to John Bell (1746-1831); published Vindiciro Gallica- 1791, in answer to Burke Reflections on the French Revolution; on becoming known to Burke, adopted his view of the French revolution; barrister. Lincoln's Inn, 1796; lectured on The Law of Nature and Nations 1799; recorder of Bombay, 1804-6: judge In the vice-admiralty court, Bombay, 1806-11; M.P., Nairn, 1813, Knaresborough, 1819; professor oflaw and general politics at Haileybury, 1818-24; published Dissertation on the Progress of Ethical Philosophy 1830; commissioner of the board of control, 1 830; wrote History of England in Larducr's - Cabinet Cyclopedia,* 1830, History of the Revolution in England in 1688 published, 1834, and other historical works.

[247] William Mackintosh (1662–1743), of Borlum, Inverness-shire; brigadier in James Edward the Old Pretender's service; educated at King's College, Aberdeen; prominent In the Jacobite rising, 1714; confined in Newgate, 1715; escaped to France, 1716; returned to Scotland probably in 1719; again captured and imprisoned for life in Edinburgh Castle; published work on tillage In Scotland, 1729.

[248] Charles Macklin (1697?-1797), actor and stage-manager; played in London at Lincoln's Inn Theatre, 1730, at Drury Lane, 1733-44, and 1744-8; made his reputation by his interpretation of the character of Shylock; appeared in Dublin (under Sheridan's auspices), 1748-50, and again, 1761 and 1763-70; at Ooveut Garden, London, 1750-3, 1761, 1772, 1775, 1781-9; retired from the stage, 1789. Of his dramatic productions,Love a la Mode a farce (1759) and The Man of the World (1781), one of the best comedies of the century, are the most notable.

[249] Maria Macklin (d. 1781), actress ; daughter of Charles Macklin; appeared first at Drury Lane in * Richard III 1743; left the stage, 1777; Portia, Desde moua, and Rosalind among her parts.

[250] James Mackness (1804–1851), medical writer: passed the College of Surgeons, 1824; M.D. St. Andrews, 1840; member of the council of the British Medical Association, 1847; published medical works.

[251] James Macknight (1721–1800), biblical critic; educated at Glasgow and Lcyden universities; ordained, 1763; published a Harmony of the Gospels 1766, which became celebrated: D.D. Edinburgh, 1759; main promoter of the declaratory act of assembly, 1782; issued a Translation of all the Apostolical Epistles 1795.

[252] Thomas Macknight (1829 - 1899), political writer; studied medicine at King's College, London; editor (1866-99) of Belfast Northern Whig which became mainstay of liberal party in Ireland, though it opposed home rule; published Life and Times of Edmund Burke 1858-1860, and other political and historical works.

[253] Alexander Heriot Mackonochie (1825–1887), divine; of Wadham College, Oxford; ordained, 181!): M.A., 1851; adopted advanced ritualistic view?, and was subjected to a series of lawsuits promoted by the Church Association, 1867-82.

[254] James McKowen (1814-1889), Ulster poet; employed in bleachworks at Belfast; contributed racy poems to various Irish newspapers; his " Ould Irish Jigknown throughout Ireland.

[255] Sir Robert Mackreth (1726–1819), club proprietor; at first a billiard-marker, and then a waiter, at White's Club; proprietor of White's, 1761: bookmaker and usurer: M.P. for Castle Rising through the nomination of the Earl of Orford, his debtor, 1774-1802; proceeded against ami found guilty for taking advantage of a minor, 1786, and for assaulting John Scott (afterwards Lord Eldon), 1792; knighted for his services in parliament, 1795.

[256] Magnus Mackulloch (Jl. 1480), reputed continuator of Fordun's Scotichrouicon; copied for the archbishop of St. Andrews the Scotichronlcon 1483-84; probably wrote the additions at the cud, which bring the narrative down to 1460.

[257] Sir Humphry Mackworth (1657–1727), politician and capitalist: of Magdalen College, Oxford; barrister, Middle Temple, 1682: knighted, 1683; M.P., Cardiganshire, 1701, 1702-6 and 1710-13; deputy-governor of a large mining company; accused of peculation and found guilty by the House of Commons, 1710; one of the founders of the Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge; author of political and financial pamphlets.

[258] John Macky (rf. 1726), government agent or spy ; discovered James IPs intended expedition to England, 1692; inspector of the coast from Dover to Harwich, 1693: published A View of the Court of St. Germains from the Year 1690 to 1695 1696; directed the packetboat Bervlce from Dover to France and Flanders, 16971702, and 1706-8; suspected by the government and imprisoned; released at accession of George I; died at Rotterdam. His Memoirs of the Secret Services of John Macky, Ksq. published, 1733, is an important contribution to contemporary history.

[259] Ewen Maclachlan (1775–1822), Gaelic poet and scholar; educated at Aberdeen University; head-master of Aberdeen grammar school, 1810-22; author of some Gaelic poems, also Attempts in Verse 1807, and Metrical Effusions 1816.

[260] Lauohlan Maclachlan (rf. 1746), fifteenth chief of the ancient Argyllshire clan; succeeded his father, 1719; joined Prince Charles Edward, 1745; killed at Oulloden, 1746.

[261] Thomas Hope McLachlan (1845-1897), landscape painter; B.A., Trinity College, Cambridge, 1868; barrister, Lincoln's Inn; abandoned law for art, 1878. His picture, Ships that pass in the Night, is in the National Gallery.

[262] Archibald Maclaine (1722–1804), divine; brother of James Maclaine; co-pastor to the English church at the Hague, 1747-96; translated Mosheim's 'Ecclesiastical History 1765 (last reprint, 1826).

[263] James Maclaine or Maclean (1724–1750), gentleman highwayman; spent his patrimony and took to the highway, 1748; arrested, 1750; tried and hanged.

[264] Archibald Maclaren (1755–1826) dramatist; entered the army, 1765; served In the American war; returned to Scotland: on his discharge joined a troop of strolling players; joined Dumbartonshire Highlanders, 1784; discharged after serving in Guernsey and Ireland; author of numerous dramatic pieces, two prose works describing the Irish rebellion, 1798-1800, and a few poems.

[265] Charles Maclaren (1782–1866), editor of the 'Scotaman established theScotsman 1817; editor, 1820-46; edited the sixth edition of the Encyclopaedia Britannica 1823; published geological works.

[266] Duncan McLaren(1800-1886), politician member of the Edinburgh town council, 1833, provost, 1851-4 M.P., Edinburgh, 1866-81; wrote on political questions.

[267] William McLaren (1772-1832), Scottish poet; weaver, manufacturer, and tavern-keeper; published verse. 1817 and 1827.

[268] Thomas Maclauchlan (1816–1886), Scottish presbyterian divine, and Gaelic scholar: M.A. Aberdeen, 1833: ordained, 1837; supported the non-intrusiouistn at the dimiption, 1843; LL.D. Aberdeen, 1864; moderator of tlie Free Church Assembly, 1876; maintained the authenticity of Maophcrson's Osniau: edited the Book of the Dean of Lismore 1863.

[269] Colin Maclaurin (1698–1746), mathematician and natural philosopher: educated at Glasgow: professor of mathematics in the Marischal College, Aberdeen, 17151726; F.R.S., 1719; deputy-professor at Edinburgh University, 1725: organised the defence of Edinburgh against the rebels, 1745; the one mathematician of first rank trained in Great Britain in the eighteenth century. His most noted works are * Geometria Organica, sive Descriptio Linearum Curvarum Universalis 1720, A Treatise of Fluxions 1742, A Treatise of Algebra, with an Appendix De Linearum Geometricarum Proprietatibus Generalibus published, 1 748, and An account of Sir Isaac Newton's Philosophy published, 1748.

[270] John Maclaurin (1693–1754), presbyterian divine; brother of Colin Maclaurin; studied at Glasgow and Leyden; ordained, 1719; a leader of the intruslonists*; a famous preacher and controversialist; his Sermons and Essays published, 1756.

[271] John Maclaurin , Lord Dreghorn (1734–1796), Scottish judge; son of Colin Maclauriu; educated at Edinburgh High School and University; advocate, 1756; senator of the College of Justice, with the title Lord Dreghorn, 1788-96; published satirical poems and legal works.

[272] Alexander Maclean (1840–1877), painter; studied at Rome, Florence, and Antwerp; exhibited at the Royal Academy, 1872-7.

[273] Allan Maclean (1725–1784), colonel; in the Scots brigade in the Dutch service: taken prisoner, 1747; served in America, 1757-83; commanded the operations against Quebec, 1776-7; colonel, 1782.

[274] Archibald McLean (1733-1812), baptist minister; a printer and bookseller by trade; successively a presbyterian and Sandemanian; became a baptist minister, 1768; author of religious and controversial works (collected, 1823).

[275] Charles Maclean (fl. 1788–1824), medical and political writer; entered the service of the East India Company; appointed surgeon to East Indiameu voyaging to Jamaica and India; settled in Bengal, 1792; ordered to leave India for making an insinuation in an Indian newspaper against a magistrate, 1798; went to Hamburg and was forcibly detained by Napoleon, 1803; left the service on failing to obtain promotion; travelled for the Levant Company, 1815-17; lecturer on the diseases of hot climates to the East India Company; published medical works.

[276] Sir Donald McLean (1820-1877), New Zealand statesman; emigrated to Sydney, e. 1837; went to New Zealand and devoted himself to the study of the Maori language; local protector for the Taranaki district; employed in difficult negotiations with the Maoris from 1844; resident magistrate for the Taranaki district, 1850; entered the legislative assembly, 1866; obtained the admittance of Maoris to the assembly, 1867; native minister and minister for colonial defence, 1869-76; brought about a final peace with the natives, 1870; K.C.M.G., 1874; died in New Zealand.

[277] John Maclean (1828–1886), first bishop of Saskatchewan: M.A. Aberdeen, 1851; ordained, 1858, and went to Canada under the Colonial and Continental Church Society, 1858; archdeacon of Assiniboia, 1866; bishop of Saskatchewan, 1874; founder of the Alberta University.

[278] John Maclean (1835?–1890), actor; first appeared on the stage at Plymouth, 1869; in London, 1861; thenceforth acted constantly at the Gaiety and other theatres.

[279] Sir John Maclean (1811–1895), archaeologist; entered ordnance department of war office, 1837; ke of ordnance records in Tower of London, 1855-61, and deputy-chief auditor of army accounts, 1865-71; knighted 1871; works include Parochial and Family History of Deanery of Trigg Minor 1868-79.

[280] Letitia Elizabeth Maclean (1802-1838). See Landon

[281] Sir Thomas Maclear (1794–1878), astronomer; studied medicine in London; M.R.C.S., 1815; F.R.S., 1831; studied astronomy; royal astronomer at Cape of Good Hope, 1834-70; occupied with the re-measurement and extension of Lacaille's arc, 1837-47; made valuable astronomical, meteorological, magnetic, anl tidal observations; knighted, I860; became blind, 1876; his more important observations recorded in the Cape Catalogues; died at Mowbray, Cape Town.

[282] Alexander Macleay (17G7-1848), entomologist and colonial statesman: chief clerk in the prisoners-of-war office, London, 1 795: secretary of the transport board, 1806-18; F.R.S., 1809: colonial secretary for New South Wales, 1825-37; first speaker in the first legislative council, 1843-6; died at Sydney; possessed a fine collection of insects.

[283] Sir George Macleay(1809–1891), Australian explorer and statesman: son of Alexander Macleay ; explored South Australia with Sturt: speaker of the legislative council of New South Wales, 1843-6; K.C.M.G., 1875.

[284] James Robert Macleay (1811–1892), of the foreign office; son of Alexander Macleay; secretary and registrar to the British and Portuguese commission at the Cape of Good Hope for the suppression of the slave trade, 1843-58.

[285] Kenneth Macleay , the elder (fl. 1819), antiquary; physician in Glasgow; published Historical Memoirs of Kob Roy and the Clan MacGregor 1818.

[286] Kenneth Macleay , the younger (1802–1878), miniature-painter; son of Kenneth Macleay the elder ; entered the TrusteesAcademy, Edinburgh, 1822; one of the original members of the Royal Scottish Academy, founded, 1826: employed by Queen Victoria to paint figures Illustrative of the highland clan costumes (selection published as Highlanders of Scotland 1870.)

[287] Sir William Macleay ( 1820–1891 Australian statesman and naturalist: nephew of Alexander Macleay ; emigrated to Australia, 1839; member of the legislative assembly, 1854-74; formed a valuable entomological museum, afterwards presented to the New South Wales University; member of the legislative council; knighted, 1889.

[288] William Sharp Macleay (1792–1865), zoologist: son of Alexander Macleay; educated at Westminster and Trinity College, Cambridge: M.A., 1818; secretary to the board for liquidating British claims in France on the peace of 1815: commissary judge in Havana, 1830-7; went to New South Wales, 1839, where he enlarged his father's collection of insects; chief work, 'Hone Entomologies propounding the circular or quinary system of classification, 2 vols., 1819 and 1821.

[289] Mrs Agnes Maclehose (1759–1841), the 'Clarinda' of Robert Burns; nee Craig; grandniece of Colin Maclaurin: married James Maclehose, a Glasgow lawyer, 1776; separated from him, 1780; moved to Edinburgh, 1782; first met Burns, 1787; entered into a familiar correspondence with him and sent him verses; her ambiguous relations with Burns were interrupted for a while by his marriage to Jean Armour, 1788, but were continued till 1791. Mrs. Maclehose went to Jamaica to join her husband, but soon returned, 1792; corresponded with Burns till 1794; the whole correspondence between Burns and herself published, 1843.

[290] Archibald McLellan (1797-1854), coachbuilder and amateur of works of art; a leading Glasgow citizen. His collection of pictures forms the nucleus of the Corporation Galleries of Art at Glasgow.

[291] John Maclellan (1609?–1651), of Kirkcudbright ; covenanting minister; M.A. Glasgow, 1629; after ordination ministered in Ireland and Scotland; snpixsed to possess the gift of prophecy; prophesied the disaster of Hamilton's force in England, 1648; member of the assembliescommissions, 1642, 1645, and 1649.

[292] Sir Robert Maclellan, of Bombie, first Baron Kirkcudbright (d. 1641), succeeded his father as Baron of Bornbie, 1608; gentleman of the bedchamber to James I and Charles I; knighted by James I and created Baron Kirkcudbright (8 Charles I; created

[293] John Ferguson McLellan (1827-1881), sociologist; educated at Aberdeen University and Trinity College, Cambridge: B.A., 1853: wrote for the Leader for two years; called to the Scottish bar, 1867; contributed tin- article onLawto the Encyclopedia Britannica (8th edition), 1857; parliamentary draughtsman for Hootland. 1871; LL.D. Aberdeen, 1874; author of Primitive Marriage 1866, a book that gave immenie impetus to research, and other works; originated theory that exogamy was the primitive form of marriage, polyandry and monandry being successive developments.

[294] Alexander Macleod (1817–1891), presbyterian divine: educated at Glasgow University; ordained, 1844: D.D., 1866; moderator of tlie presbyterian church of England, 1889; author of articles and essays on rellgtou* subjects.

[295] Allan Macleod ( . 1805), political writer : editor and owner of the London Albion Journal; author of virulent pamphlets.

[296] Sir Donald Fribell McLeod (1810-1872), Indian administrator; son of Duncan Macleod; born at Calcutta: came to England, 1814; educated at Haileybury; returned to Calcutta, 1828; after holding subordinate posts became commissioner of the Trans-Sutlej states, 1849-54; at Lahore during the mutiny, 1857-8; lieutenant-governor of the Punjab, 1866-70; K.C.S.I., 1866.

[297] Duncan McLeod (1780-1856), lieutenant-general; relative of Neil MoLeod; second-lieutenant, Bengal engineers, 1795; chief engineer for Bengal; lieutenant-general, 1851.

[298] Sir George Husband Baird Macleod (1828–1892), surgeon; son of Norman Macleod the elder; studied medicine at Glasgow (M.D., 1853), Paris, and Vienna; senior surgeon of the civil hospital at Smyrna during the Crimean war; regius professor of surgery, Glasgow, 1869; knighted, 1887.

[299] John McLeod(1777?-1820), naval surgeon and author; surgeon in the navy, 1801: on the Trusty, a slave trade boat, 1803: concerned in the capture of a French ship and tried for piracy: employed on foreign service till 1817; M.D. St. Andrews, 1818; surgeon to the Royal Sovereign yacht, 1818-20: published Narrative of a Voyage in His Majesty's late Ship Alceste to the Yellow Sea, along the coast of Corea 1817, and A Voyage to Africa, 1820.

[300] John Macleod (1757–1841), presbyterian divine and Gaelic scholar; educated at Aberdeen University: ordained, 1779: D.D., 1795; superintended publication of Gaelic bible, 1826; general editor of the Gaelic dictionary, 1828.

[301] Sir John Macpherson Macleod (1792–1881 X Indian civilian: educated at Haileybury and Edinburgh University; writer in Madras civil service, 1811; commissioner (1832) for government of Mysore, of which province he organised the financial and political administration; K.O.S.I., 1866; privy councillor, 1871.

[302] Mary Macleod (1569–1674), Gaelic poetess ; called Poetess of the Isles; her poems chiefly panegyrics of the Macleods.

[303] Neil Macleod, eleventh of Assynt (1628?-1697?), betrayed Moutroee to his enemies, 1650; imprisoned for having delivered up Montrose. 1660-6: pardoned, 1666; again imprisoned in consequence of a feud with the Mackenzies, 1672; tried on four charges, although acquitted on two: was deprived of his estates, 1690.

[304] Sir Norman Macleod (ft. 1650), founder of the Macleods of Berncra and Muiravonside: joined forces of Charles II, 1650; present at the battle of Worcester, 1661, and tried for high treason; camped; wa mtm lieutenant-colonel and employed by Charles II to carry information to his adherents; knighted at the Restoration,

[305] Norman Macleod , the elder (1783–1862), clenry man of the church of Scotland; ordained, 1806; D.D. Glasgow, 1827: moderator of the general assembly, 1836: chaplain in ordinary to Queen Victoria, 1841; author of religious works in Gaelic and English,

[306] Norman Macleod , the younger (1812–1872), Scottish divine: son of Norman Macleod the elder; studied divinity at Edinburgh, 1831: ordained, 1838: remained in the church at the disruption, 1843: one of the founders of the Evangelical Alliance, 1847; editor of the Edinburgh Christian Instructor 184: chaplain to Queen Victoria, 1857-72: D.D. Glasgow, 1858: editor of 'Good Words 180-72: made a tour in Palestine and published an account of it, entitled Eastward 1866: visited the mission stations in India, 1867; published Peeps at the Far East 1871.

[307] Roderick Macleod (d. 1852), physician : educated at Edinburgh University; M.D., 1816; F.R.C.P., 1836; Gulstonian lecturer, 1837; consiliarius, 1839; editor and proprietor of the London Medical und Physical Journal 1822.

[308] Muircheartach Macliac (rf. 1015), Irish poet ; chief poet to Brian (926-1014): present at the battle of Cloutarf, 1014; a legend of Cam Conaill in the Book of Leinster is attributed to him and considered genuine.

[309] Daniel Maclise (1806–1870), historical painter ; first studied art at the Cork Academy, 1822; unobserved made a clever drawing of Sir Walter Scott, while in a bookshop at Cork; opened a studio as a portrait-painter; went to London, 1827; came into notice in London by his portrait of Charles Kean, 1827; entered the Academy schools, 1828; exhibited at the Royal Academy, 18291870; contributed series of character portraits, including all the great literary men and women of the time, under the pseudonym of Alfred Croquis, to Fraser's Magazine, 1 1830-8: R.A., 1840; occupied in painting the two frescoes in the Royal Gallery in the House of Lords, Wellington and Bllicher at Waterloo and The Death of Nelson," 1857-66: refused presidency of Royal Academy; designed book illustrations for Tennyson (1860), and for some of his friend Dickens's Christmas books; his frescoes the greatest historical paintings of the English school.

[310] Flann Maclonan (d. 896), Irish historian and poet; author of a poem contained in theBook of Leiuster; two other poems attributed to him.

[311] Sir Charles Macmahon (1824–1891), captain; son of Sir William MacMahon: in the army, 18421851: served in India and Canada, and (1851) attained a captaincy; entered the Melbourne police, 1853; chief commissioner till 1858: member of the legislative assembly at Melbourne, 1861-86; speaker, 1871-7 and 1880; knighted, 1875.

[312] Heber Macmahon , EVER, or EMER, usually latinised as EMERUS MATTHBUS (1600-1650), bishop of Clogher and general in Ulster; educated at the Irish college, Douay, and at Louvain; ordained priest 1625; bishop of Clogher, 1643: a leader among the confederate catholics: general of the Ulster army against Cromwell, 1650; defeated at Scariffhollis, taken prisoner, and executed,

[313] Hugh Oge Macmahon (1606?–1644), Irish conspirator; joined the northern conspiracy, 1641; planned the assault on Dublin Castle, was betrayed by an accomplice, and arrested; imprisoned in Dublin and in the Tower of London; escaped, 1644; retaken, tried, and executed.

[314] John Henry Macmahon (1829–1900), scholar; M.A. Trinity College, Dublin, 1856: took holy orders, 1883: cliaplain to lord-lieutenant, and, from 1890, to Mount joy prison; published classical translations and other works.

[315] Thomas O'Brien M'Mahon (fl. 1777), Irish miscellaneous writer.

[316] Sir Thomas Westropp Macmahon , third baronet (1813-1892), general; entered the army, 1829; served in the Sutlej campaign, 1846: major, 1847; served through the Crimean war; succeeded to baronetcy, 1860; general, 1880.

[317] Sir William Macmahon, first baronet (b. 1776), Irish judge: called to the Irish bar, 1799; master of the rolls, 1814-37; received a baronetcy, 1814.

[318] Terence Bellew Macmanus (1823?–1860), Irish patriot: member of the82 club, 1844; joined the physical force movement, 1848; took part in the Tipperary civil war: arri'stol and transported to Van Diemen's Land, 1849; escaped (1852) to San Francisco, where he died.

[319] William Macmichael (1784–1839), physician; of Christ Church, Oxford; M.A., 1807; Radcliffe travelling fellow, 1811; M.D., 1816: F.R.C.P., 1818; censor, 1822, registrar, 1824-9; published (1819)Journey from Moscow to Constantinople an account of his travels, 1814-17; published The Gold-headed Cane 1827: physician in ordinary to William IV, 1831; published also medical works.

[320] Angus Macmillan (1810–1865), discoverer of Gippsland, Australia; emigrated to Australia, 1829; explored the country south-west of Sydney, afterwanls called Gippsland, 1839-41; died in Australia.

[321] Daniel Macmillan (1813–1857), bookseller and publisher: founder of the firm of Macmillan & Co., London; took service with a Cambridge bookseller, 1833-7, and with Messrs. Seeley of Fleet Street, London, 1837-43: set up for himself with his brother Alexander, at first in i London, but soon re-settled at Cambridge, 1843: added I publishing to the bookselling business at Cambridge, 1844; published Kingsley's Westward Ho 1 1855, and Tom Brown's School Days 1857.

[322] John Macmillan (1670–1753), founder of the reformed presbyterian church; studied at Edinburgh University; ordained, 1701; deposed for schismatical practices, 1703; retained his church and manse; resigned in order to terminate the insults to which his appointed successor was subjected, 1715: minister to the 'remnantafterwards called Macmillanites, 1706-43; first pastor of theReformed Presbyterians 1712; published controversial pamphlets.

[323] Florence Macmoyer (d. 1713), last keeper of the book of Armagh, written in 807; schoolmaster; pledged the Book of Armagh of which he was custodian, as a member of the Clan MacMoyre, to pay his expenses to London, 1680; a witness, probably perjured, at trial of Oliver Plunket, 1681; imprisoned till after 1683; theBook of Armagh was ultimately sold to Trinity College, Dublin.

[324] Diarmaid Macmurchada (Dermod MacMurrough) (1110? - 1171), king of Leinster, succeeding 1126; claimed the south of Ireland, 1134: ravaged the south with great cruelty and abducted DerTorgill, wife of the lord of Breifne, 1152: was defeated and banished by a combination of chieftains, 1166: his offer to become Henry IPs vassal, if assisted in the restoration of his kingdom, accepted; returned to Ireland, 1167, having prevailed on Ricliard de Clare (Strongbow) to assist him, Henry II being unwilling to afford him direct help; took Waterford and Dublin with the aid of various Norman nobles; claimed to be king of all Ireland.

[325] Sir William Montagu Scott McMurdo (1819-1894), general: studied at Sandhurst; lieutenant, 22nd foot, 1841; quartermaster-general in Scinde, 18421847; aide-de-camp to Sir Charles James Napier, 1849; served against Afridis, 1851; brevet lieutenantcolonel, 1853; organised transport service in Crimea: aide-de-camp to Queen Victoria and brevet-colonel, 1855; C.B., 1857; colonel commandant of military train, 1857; lieutenant-general, 1876; general, 1878; K.C.B., 1881.

[326] Art Macmurrogh or Macmurchad (1357–1417), styled also Cavanagh; Irish chief; descended from Donall, illegitimate son of Diarmaid or Dermod MacMurchada; frequently in arms against the English government for private reasons; a reward offered for his capture by Richard II.

[327] Sir Allan Napier Macnab, first baronet (1798-1862), Canadian soldier and politician; born at Newark, now Niagara, Ontario; joined the army and then the navy at the time of the American invasion, 1813-15; called to the Canadian bar, 1826; member of the House of Assembly, 1830, and speaker, 1837-41, 1844-8, and 1862; with the militia in the rebellion, 1837-8; knighted, 1838; created baronet, 1858.

[328] Henry Gray Macnab, or Grey (1761-1823), publicist: studied medicine at Montpellier; prepared an educational scheme on Owenite lines, but died at Paris before it was put into practice; published works on education.

[329] William Ramsay McNab (1844-1889), botanist; M.D. Edinburgh, 1866; professor of botany, Dublin Royal College of Science, 1872-89; scientific superintendent of Royal Botanic Gardens, Glasnevin, and Swimy lecturer on geology at British Museum: author, of botanical papers and text-books.

[330] John Macnaghten or Macnaughton (d. 1761), criminal; educated at Dublin University: sought to marry Miss Knox, an heiress of Prehen, Londonderry,, and persuaded her to go through the ceremony with him; being forbidden to communicate with her by her family, he and his accomplices attacked the couch by which she was travelling to Dublin, and shot her; captured, tried, and liangcd at Strabane.

[331] Sir William Hay Macnaghten , first , baronet (1793-1841), diplomatist: educated at Charterhouse School; went to India in the East India Company's service, 1809: studied Hindustani, Persian, and other Asiatic tongues; judge and magistrate of Shahabod, 1820; registrar of the Sudder Dewanny Adawlut for: nine years; published works on Indian law, 1825-0; secretary to Lord Vi11iam Bentinck, 1830-3; In charge of the secret and political departments of the secretariat, 1833-7; accompanied Lord Auckland to the north-west i provinces, 1837; appointed envoy and minister to the Afghan court at Cabul, 1 Oct. 1838; accompanied expe- I dition which placed ShahSoojah on Afghan throne; found difficulty in acting with the military authorities; created baronet and a provisional member of the council of India, 1840; nominated governor of Bombay, 1841; meanwhile j rebellion broke out anew in Afghanistan, and Macuaghten I unsuspectingly accepted the terms of the insurgents, which were not adhered to; he was shot at Cabul by, Akbar Khan, the deposed ameer's son, at a meeting with the chiefs to discuss the situation.

[332] William Watts McNair (1849-1889), traveller; joined Indian survey department, 1867; accom- i panied Aghan field force, 1879-80; attempted to visit ! Kafristan disguised as native doctor, but failed, 1883; continued his survey work; died at Mussooree.

[333] Leonard Macnally (1752–1820), playwright and political informer; called to the Irish bar, 1776: barrister, Middle Temple, 1783; edited The Public Ledger and wrote plays; joined the United Irishmen, but secretly; betrayed them to the government, 1794-1820; took briefs for the defence in government prosecutions, and disclosed their contents to the crown lawyers; his conduct only discovered after his death; author of dramatic pieces, legal works, and the song,Sweet Lass of Richmond Hill

[334] James Macnamara (1768–1826), rear-admiral; entered the navy, 1782: served on foreign stations; commander, 1793: served under Nelson, 1795-6; tried for manslaughter, having mortally wounded Colonel Montgomery in a duel, but was acquitted, 1803: served in the North Sea; rear-admiral, 1814.

[335] Thomas McNamara (1808-1892) Irish catholic divine; helped to establish Castlekuock College, co. Dublin, 1834, and acted as its superior, 1804-8; rector of the Irisli College in Paris, 1868-89; wrote works for the catholic clergy.

[336] John Macnaughton (d. 1761). See Macnaghten.

[337] Sir Daniel Macnee (1806–1882), portraitpainter; employed by William Home Lizars; an academician of the newly founded Royal Scottish Academy, 1830: portrait-painter at Glasgow, 1832; exhibited at the Royal Academy, 1840-81; president of the Royal Scottish Academy, 1876; knighted, 1877.

[338] Hugh McNeile (1795-1879), dean of Ripon; M.A. Trinity College, Dublin, 1821; D.D., 1847; ordained, 1820; canon of Chester, 1845-68: dean of Ripon, 1868-76; a strong evangelical; published sermons and religious works.

[339] Duncan McNeill, first Baron Colonsay and Oronsay (1793-1874), Scottish judge; educated at St. Andrews and Edinburgh Universities; called to the Scottish bar, 1816; solicitor-general for Scotland, 1H34-5, 18 11-2; M.P., Argyllshire. 1848-51; lord advocate, 1R421846: ordinary lord of tewion M Lord Colonsay and Oronsay, 1851; lord justice-general, 1852-67; created Baron Colonsay and Oroway, 1887.

[340] Hector Macneill (1746–1818), Scottish poet; filled a succession of subordinate port* with commercial firms in West Indies, 1761-76: assistant-secretary ou board flagships In naval expeditions, 1 780-6; subsequently fallal to obtain remunerative employment; lived with friends in Scotland and Jamaica: wrote, among poems, Scotland's Scaith, or the History of Will and. 1795. and The Waes oWar, or the Upshot of the History of Will and Jean 1796.

[341] Sir John McNeill (1795-1883), diplomatist; brother of Duncan McNeill, first baron Colonsay; M.D. Edinburgh, 1814: surgeon on the East India Company's Bombay establishment, 1816-36; envoy and minister plenipotentiary to the Khali at Teheran, 18S6: failed to prevent the shah from attacking the Afghans, 1838; eventually brought about treaty of commerce between Great Britain and Persia, 1M41; "olmiruian ul the board of supervision of the working of the Scottish 1'our Law Act, 1845-78; on commission of inquiry into the commissariat department and general organisation of troops in Crimea, 1855; privy councillor, 1857; died at Cannes.

[342] Sir John Benjamin Macneill (1793?-1880), civil engineer; one of Td ford's chief assistant* in road and bridge making; made known his plan ofsectioplanography 1837: professor of civil engineering at Trinity College, Dublin, 1842-52; knighted, 1844: constructed railway lines in Scotland, and was surveyor to the Irish railway commission; on becoming blind withdrew from professional pursuits; author of works on engineering.

[343] William James Macneven or Macnevin (1763-1841), United Irishman; educated at Prague; studied medicine tin-re and practised in Dublin, 1784; joined the United Irishmen, 1797; urged French intervention, and, his memorial falling into the hands of the English, was arrested, 1798; to allay the severity with which the government suppressed the rebellion, disclosed the conspiracy and offered to submit to banishment for life: eventually confined in Fort George, Scotland, till 1802; physician in New York, 1805; held various medical appointments in the College of Physicians and Surgeons there, 1808-39; champion of the Irish in America: died at New York.

[344] Donald Macnicol (1735–1802) presbyterian divine and author; graduated at St. Andrew?, 1756: published a defence of the highlands against Dr. Johnson's 'Journey to the Hebrides 1779.

[345] Robert Macnish (1802–1837), author and physician; M.D. Glasgow, 1825; contributed his one masterpiece in fiction, The Metempsychosis, to Blackwood 1826; published The Philosophy of Sleep 1830.

[346] Alexander Maconochie afterwards Maconochie-Welwood, Lord Meadowbank (1777–1861), Scottish judge; son of Allan Maconochie; admitted advocate, 1799; solicitor-general, 1813: lord advocate, 1816; M.P., Yarmouth, Isle of Wight, 1817-18, Kilrenny district of burghs, 1818-19; raised to the Scottish bench as Lord Meadowbank, 1819: resigned, 1843; assumed the additional surname of Welwood on succeeding to his cousin's estates, 1854.

[347] Allan Maconochie, Lord Meadowbank (1748-1816), Scottish jmlge: educated at Edinburgh University; admitted advocate, 1770; professor of public law, Edinburgh, 1779-96: took his seat on the Scottish bench as Lord Meadowbank, 1796; author of legal and agricultural works.

[348] James Macphail (fl. 1785–1805) gardener : invented a new method of growing cucumbers; published horticultural works.

[349] David Macpherson (1746–1816) historian and compiler; deputy-keeper in London of public records; edited Wyntoun's Orygynal Cronykil of Scotland 1795; assisted in preparing for publication Rotuli Scotiae (vol. i. and part of vol. ii.)

[350] Duncan Macpherson (d. 1867), army surgeon and writer: surgeon to the army In Madras, 1836, in China. 1840-2, in Russia, 1855: inspector-general of the medical wrvioe of Madras, 1857; chief work, Antiquities of Kertoh and Researches in the Cimmerian Bosphorus 1887; died at Merkura, Coorg.

[351] Ewen Macpherson (d. 1756), of Cluny: Jacobite: before the outbreak of the rebellion supported the government, but on being pressed joined Prince Charles Edward. 1746: helped the prince to escape: tied to France, 1766; died at Dunkirk.

[352] Ewen Macpherson (1804–1884), son of Ewen Macpherson (fl. 1756): captain in the 42nd Highlanders; interested himself in the highland volunteer movement; C.B.

[353] Sir Herbert Taylor Macpherson (1827-1886), major-general, Bengal staff corps; served under Havelock at Lucknow. gaining the V.C., 1867: transferred to the Indian army, 1H65: commanded a division in the Afghan war. 1878 9: K.C.B., 1879: major-general and present at Tel-el-Kebir, 1882: commander-in-chief at Madras 1886: sent to organise the pacification of Burmah, 1886: fell ill and died on his way from Prome to Rangoon.

[354] James Macpherson 1700), the Banff freebooter; of gipsy parentage; wandered about Scotland with his mother till captured, 1700: executed on the charge of going up and doune the country armed: said to have played a rant before his execution, the words of which are probably wrongly attributed to him.

[355] James Macpherson (1736–1796), the alleged translator of the Ossianic poems; studied at Aberdeen and Edinburgh Universities; said to have composed over four thousand verses while at college; published The Highlander 1758, and Fragments of Ancient Poetry collected in the Highlands 1760; issued two epic poems, Pingal 1762, and Temora 1763, which he alleged to be translated from the Gaelic of a poet called Ossian; was generally believed to have wholly invented the poems; never seriously rebutted the charge of forgery: attacked by Dr. Johnson in his Journey to the Western Islands of Scotland 1775: secretary to the governor of Pensacola, West Florida, 1764-6; published Original Papers containing the Secret History of Great Britain from the Restoration till the Accession of George I 1775; employed by North's ministry to defend their American policy, from 1766; M.P., Camelford, 1780-96; London agent to Mohammed Ali, nabob of Arcot, 1781. After Macpherson's death a committee was appointed by the Highland Society of Scotland to investigate the Ossianic poems, 1797. They reported that while a great legend of Fiugul and Ossian existed in Scotland, Macpherson had liberally allied his originals and inserted passages of his own. Subsequent investigation has confirmed the committee's conclusions.

[356] John Macpherson (1710–1765), presbyterian minister: M.A. Aberdeen, 1728: D.D., 1761: work on the Ancient Caledonians published, 1768.

[357] Sir John Macpherson, first baronet (1745–1881), governor-general of India: educated at Edinburgh University; writer under the East India Company at Madras, 1770-6: dismissed in consequence of his conduct while on a secret mission to England for the nabob of the Carnatic in 1768, 1777; reinstated, 1781; M.P., Cricklade, 1779-82, Horsham, 1796-1802; member of the supreme council at Calcutta, 1782: governor-general of India, 1786-6; created baronet, 1786.

[358] John Macpherson (1817–1890), physician: brother of Samuel Charters Macpherson and of William Macpherson: M.A. and hon. M.D. Aberdeen: studied medicine in London and abroad, 1835-9 member Royal College of Surgeons, 1839; in the East India Company's service, 1839-64, becoming inspectorgeneral of hospitals; published medical works.

[359] Paul Macpherson (1766–1846), Scottish abbé; studied at the Scots Colleges in Rome and Valladolid; procurator of the mission in Scotland, 1791; agent of the Scottish clergy at Rome, 1793-8 and 1800-11; first Scottish rector of the Scots College in Rome, 1820-6 and 1836-46; died at Rome.

[360] Samuel Charters Macpherson (1806-1 860), political agent in India: brother of John Macpherson I (1817-1890) ami of William Macpherson; ! studied at Edinburgh University and at Trinity College, Cambridge: cntt-n-i the Indian army, 1827; despatched to obtain info.-mntion about the K howls in Gumsur. 1837-9: principal assistant to the agent, completely I reforming the tribe, 1842-4: governor-general's agent for suppression of human sacrifice in Orissa. 1845; agent at Gwalior: prevented Gwalior tribes from joining the mutiny, 1867; died in India.

[361] William Macpherson (1812–1893), legal writer : brother of John Macpherson (1817-1890), and of Samuel Charters Macpherson; of Charterhouse School and Trinity College, Cambridge; barrister, Inner Temple, 1837; M.A., 1838; master of equity in the supreme court, Calcutta, 1848-59: edited the Quarterly Review 1860-7; secretary to the Indian law commission, 1861-70; in the India office as legal adviser, 1874-9, and as secretary in the judicial department, 1879-82; chief work, Procedure of the Civil Courts of India 1850.

[362] Lachlan Macquarie (d. 1824), major-general and governor of New South Wales: entered the army, 1777; served in America and Jamaica, 1777-84, India, China, and Egypt, 1787-1807; governor of New South Wales, 1809-21; personally encouraged exploration in the colony: his administration attacked at home for his i efforts on behalf of the convict population.

[363] James Macqueen (1778–1870), geographer; manager of a sugar plantation in the West Indies, 1796; a student of African geography; edited Glasgow i Courier 1821; wrote in London on politics, geography, economics, and general literature.

[364] John Fraser Macqueen (1803–1881), lawyer; barrister, Lincoln's Inn, 1838; bencher, 1861; official reporter of Scottish and divorce appeals in the House of Lords, 1860-79; compiled 4 vols. of appellate reports, ! 1801-5; Q.C., 1861: published legal works,

[365] Robert Macqueen, Lord Braxfield (1722–1799), Scottish judge; educated at Edinburgh University; admitted advocate, 1744; ordinary lord of session as Lord Braxfield, 1776; lord of justiciary, 1780; lord justice clerk, 1788; expert in feudal law.

[366] Denis Ange Macquin (1756–1823), abbe and miscellaneous writer; born at Meaux; professor of belleslettres and rhetoric at Meaux; came to England, 1792; heraldic draughtsman to the College of Arms, 1793; published works on heraldry and other subjects.

[367] James Macrae (1677?–1744), governor of Madras ; went to sea, 1692; subsequently served under the East India Company: governor of Madras, 1725; effected reforms in the fiscal administration; settled in Scotland. 1731.

[368] William Charles Macready (1793–1873), actor: educated at Rugby; made his first appearance at Birmingham as Romeo, 1810: acted in the provinces with his father's company, at Newcastle playing with Mrs. Siddons; first appeared at Covent Garden, London, 1816; raised by his Richard III to the undisputed head of the theatre, 1819; quarrelled with the management of Covent Garden, and began to play at Drury Lane, 1823; acted in America, 1826-7, and in Paris, 1828; manager of Covent Garden, 1837-9; produced theLady of Lyons 1838; at the Haymarket, 1839-41; manager of Drury Lane, 1841-3; visited America, 1843; played in Paris with Miss Helen Faucit; while in America (1848) was involved in an unfortunate quarrel with the actor Forrest, which caused a riot; obliged to leave the country in consequence; took leaveof the stage as Macbeth at Drury Lane, 1851; called by Talfourd the most romantic of actors; his impersonation of King Lear still held to be unrivalled,

[369] Cox Macro (1683–1767), antiquary ; educated at Christ's College, Cambridge (LL.Ii., 1710), and Leyden University; chaplain to George II; D.D. Cambridge, 1717; collected valuable antiquities, books, paintings, coins, and medals.

[370] James Macsparran (d. 1757), writer on America; M.A. Glasgow, 1709; ordained, 1720; sent as a missionary to Narragausett, Rhode island, 1721, and ministered there till his death; visited England, 1736 and 1754-6; made D.D. Oxford as u recognition of his effort* against the dissenters, 1737: warned intending gainst emigrating to America in America Dissected 1763.

[371] Owen Macswinny (d. 1754). See Swinny.

[372] John Mactaggart (1791–1830), encyclopedist and versifier; studied at Edinburgh: clerk of works to Rideau canal. Canada, 1826-8: publishedScott vidian Encyclopedia 1824, and Three Years la Canada,* 182y.

[373] John Gibson Macvicar (1800–1884), author; educated at St. Andrews and Edinburgh Universities: lecturer in natural history at St. Andrews, 1827: paotor of the Scottish Church lu Ceylon, 1839-52; published scientific works.

[374] Robert Macward or Macuard (1633?–1687), covenanting minister; studied at St. Andrews University; ordained, 1654: preached in support of the covenant, 16G1; banished to Holland; died at Amsterdam: published religious pamphlets.

[375] James Ormiston McWilliam (1808-1862), medical officer to the Niger expedition; surgeon in the navy, 1830; M.I). Edinburgh, 1840: appointed senior surgeon (1840) on the Albert, one of the ships which joined the Niger expedition; practically saved his own ship when a fever broke out among the members of the expedition at the mouth of the Niger and their return was necessary, 1841; published his Medical History of the Niger Expedition 1843; sent to the Cape de Verde islands to study the yellow fever; medical officer to the custom house, 1847-C2; F.R.S., 1848.

[376] Martin Madan (1726–1790), author of Thelyphthora; educated at Westminster School and Christ Church, Oxford; B.A., 1746; barrister, 1748; adopted methodist principles after hearing a sermon by Wesley; ordained; became chaplain of the Lock Hospital, 1750-80; in close connection with Lady Huntingdon; corresponded with John Wesley; published Thelyphthora, a book in favour of polygamy, 1780, which excited public indignation, the poet Cowper being among its assailants; author of religious works.

[377] Spencer Madan (1729–1813), bishop successively of Bristol and Peterborough; younger brother of Martin Madan; of Westminster and Trinity College, Cambridge; M.A., 1753; fellow, 1753; D.D., 1756; chaplain in ordinary to the king, 1761-87; bishop of Bristol, 17921794, of Peterborough, 1794-1813.

[378] Spencer Madan (1768–1836), translator of Grotius; son of Spencer Madan (1729-1813); of Westminster School and Trinity College, Cambridge: M.A., 1778; chaplain in ordinary to the king, 1788; prebendary of Peterborough, 1800; D.D., 1809; published translation of Grotius's De Veritate 1782.

[379] Sir Frederic Madden (1801–1873), antiquary and palaeographer; nephew of Sir George Allan Madden ; collated manuscripts of Caedmon for Oxford University, 1825; engaged on the British Museum Catalogue 1826 -8; assistant-keeper of manuscripts, 1828; head of the department, 1837-66; F.R.S., 1830: an original member of the Athenaeum Club, 1830: knighted, 1883; edited Layamon's Brut 1847, and Wyclif's Bible 1850.

[380] Sir George Allan Madden (1771–1828), major-general in the British and Portuguese armies; entered the army, 1788: served in Italy, Corsica, and Portugal, 1793-5; in Egypt, 1801; tried by court-martial for perjury, 1801: had to resign his commission, 1802; brigadier-general in the Portuguese iirmy, 1809; served with the Spanish troops. 1810-13; reinstated in the British army, 1818; knighted, 1816; major-general in the British army, 1819.

[381] Richard Robert Madden (1798-1886), miscellaneous writer; studied medicine at Paris, Naples, and London; one of the special magistrates appointed to administer statute abolishing slavery in Jamaica plantations. 1833-41; superintendent of liberated Africans, and judge-arbitrator in the mixed court of commission,Havana, 1836-40: special commissioner on the west coast of Africa, 1841-3; special correspondent of the Morning Chronicle 1843-G; colonial secretary of Western Australia, 1847-60; secretary to the Loan Fund Board, Dublin Castle, 1810-80; F.R.O.8., 1856; best-known work, The United Irishmen, their Lives and Times, 7 vols, 1843-6.

[382] Samuel Madden (1686-17M), miscellaneous writer and philanthropist: B.A. Dublin, 170i: D.D., 1723; ordained and held cum; organised the system of premium* in Dublin University. 1780: chief work Reflections and Resolutions proper for the Gentlemen of Ireland as to their conduct for the service of their country, 1738.

[383] Sir Ralph Maddison or Maddestone (1571?-1656?), economic writer: knighted, 1608; member of the royal oommUsion on the woollen trade, 1611; held office in the mint during the Commonwealth; author of England's Looking in and out: presented to the High Court of Parliament now assembled a olw ffrtmmmt of the theory of the balance of trade, 1640.

[384] Henry Maddock (d. 1824), legal author; educated at St. John's College, Cambridge; barrister, Lincoln Inn, 1801; died at St. Lucia in the West Indies; chief work, 'A Treatise on the... High Court of Chancery' 2 vols. 1816.

[385] Isaac Maddox (1697–1769), bishop of Worcester: M.A. Edinburgh, 1723: ordained, 1723: B.A. Queen's College, Oxford, 1724: M.A. Queens' College. Cambridge, 1728; published his best-known work, a Vindication of the Elizabethan settlement of the church of England, 1733; dean of Wells, 1734; bishop of St. Asapb, 1786, of Worcester, 1743.

[386] Willis Maddox (1813–1863), painter; exhibited at the Royal Academy, 1844-62; invited to I to paint the sultan: died at Pera.

[387] Watkin Maddy (d. 1857), astronomer ; of St. John's College, Cambridge; M.A., 1823: fellow, 1823; B.D., 1830; joined Cambridge Astronomical Society: published The Elements of the Theory of Plane Astronomy 1826.

[388] Maderty first Baron (1640?-1623). See James Drummond.

[389] Nicholas Madgett or Madget (fl. 1799), Irish adventurer; in the French foreign office, 1794; sapported scheme for French expedition to Ireland, 1796; member of a secret committee for managing the affairs of Ireland and Scotland 1798; wrongly identified with another Maget, an Irish priest.

[390] William Alexander Madocks (1774–1828), philanthropist; M.A. Christ Church, Oxford, 1799: reclaimed marsh laud in Carnarvonshire and founded the town of Tremadoc; M.P., Boston, Lincolnshire, 1802-20, Ohippenham, 1820-8: died in Paris.

[391] Madog ap Maredudd (d. 1160), prince of Powys; nephew of Iorwerth ab Bleddyn; prince of Powys during the reign of Stephen; allied himself with the English to protect his own domains; defeated in battle by the Prince of Gwynedd: probably had a secret understanding with Henry II.

[392] Madog ab Owain Gwynedd (1150–1180?), supposed discoverer of America; said in a Welsh poem of the fifteenth century to have gone to sea in ten ships and never returned. Dr. David Powel, who published Llwyd's translation of the -Hint y Tywysoeion 1584, with additions of his own, declared that Madog, after leaving Ireland to the north, came to a hind which must have been Florida or New Spain. The story, which is unsupported by evidence, is the subject of Southey's poem of Madoc

[393] Madog ap Gruffydd Maelor (d. 1236), prince of Northern Powys; ruler of Northern Powys, 1197: an ally of Llywelyn ab Iorwerth; founded Valle Crucis Abbey, 1200.

[394] Madog (fl. 1294–1295), leader of the North Welsh rebellion: in consequence of heavy taxation rose in rebellion with many of the Welsh, 1294; forced to submit by Edward I, 1295.

[395] Madog Benfras (i.e. Greathead) (fl. 1350), Welsh poet; prominent with his brothers in the revival of Welsh poetry.

[396] Thomas Madox (1666–1727), legal antiquary; sworn clerk in the Lord-Treasurer's office; joint-clerk in the auirmentation office, and published his Formulare Amrlicauum 1702, his History and Antiquities of the Exchequer of the Kings of England 1711 one of his best-known works; historiographer royal, 1714.

[397] Mael, Iriash saint (d. 487).

[398] Mael-Dubh (d. 675?), Scottish or Irish teacher. See Maildulf.

[399] Maelgarbh (d. 544). See Tuathal.

[400] Maelgwn Gwynedd (d. 550?), British king; possibly the 'Maglocune' of Gildas: according to tradition snoceedal to the throne by overthrowing an uncle; probably died of the 'yellow pestilence'.

[401] Maelmura (d. 886), Irish historian ; monk of Fahan; one of his historical poems preserved in the Book of Leinster

[402] Maelsechlainn I (d. 863), king of Ireland : succeeded his father, 842; defeated the Danes, 844 and 847; thrice Invaded Minister; again defeated the Danes, 869.

[403] Maelsechlainn II (949–1022), king of Ireland : chief of his clan, 979: became king of all Ireland, 980; defeated the Danes, 980 and 1000: recognised the superiority of Brian (926-1014) as king, 1002; regained his kingship on Brian's death in the battle of Cluantarbh (Clontarf ), in which the Danes were finally overthrown, 1014.

[404] Francis Magan (1772?–1843), Irish informer: graduated at Trinity College, Dublin, 1794: admitted to the Irish bar, 1793; acted as government spy on Lord Edward Fitzgerald (1763-1798), 1798; elected member of the committee of United Irishmen on the night of Fitzgerald's arrest; commissioner for enclosing waste lands and commons, 1821; had a secret pension from government until 1834. M AGAUR AN, EDMUND (1548-1593), Roman catholic archbishop of Armagh; educated abroad; sent on a mission to the pope by the Irish chiefs, 1581: bishop of Ardagh, 1581; archbishop of Armagh and primate of nil Ireland, 1687; went to Spain and obtained from Philip II a promise of help for the Irish against Queen Elizabeth, 1692: instigated a rebellion: killed in an engagement with Elizabeth's troops.

[405] James Magee (d. 1866), Irish journalist ; son of John Magee (d. 1809); conducted theDublin Evening Postfrom 1815; was subsequently a Dublin police magistrate.

[406] John Magee (J. 1809), Irish journalist and colliery broker: proprietor and printer ofMagee's Weekly Packet 1777, of theDublin Evening Post 1779; opposed government measures in his paper; tried for libel on Francis Higgins (1746-1802) and found guilty, 1789; imprisoned in Newgate, Dublin.

[407] John Magee (ft. 1814), son of John Magee (d. 1809) q. v.1; carried on the Dublin Evening Post; convicted of libel and imprisoned, 1813 and 1814: defended by Daniel O'Oonnell.

[408] Martha Maria Magee (d. 1846), foundress of the Magee College, Londonderry; daughter of Mr. Stewart of Lurgan, co. Armagh; married (1780) William Magee (d. 1800), presbyterian minister; inherited a fortune from her brothers: left £20,000 to erect and endow a college for the Education of the Irish presbyterian ministry (Magee College, opened, 1866).

[409] William Magee (1766–1831), archbishop of Dublin: educated at Trinity College, Dublin; B. A., 1785; fellow, 1788; ordained, 1790; Donellan lecturer, 1795; professor of mathematics, Trinity College, Dublin, 1800; published sermons, delivered (1798 and 1799) in Trinity College Chapel as Discourses on the Scriptural Doctrines of Atonement and Sacrifice 1801; dean of Cork, 1813-19; bishop of Raphoe, 1819-22: archbishop of Dublin, 1822-31; rendered considerable services to the Irish church; his 'Works published, 1842.

[410] William Connor Magee (1821–1891), successively bishop of Peterborough and archbishop of York; grandson of William Magee; entered Trinity College, Dublin, 1835: M.A., 1854; ordained, 1845; held various livings in England and Ireland, 1846-64: D.D. Dublin, I860; dean of Cork, 1864-8: Donnellan lecturer at Trinity College, Dublin, 18C5; dean of the Chapel Royal, Dublin, 1866-8; bishop of Peterborough, 1868-91; opposed Irish disestablishment: honorary D.O.L. Oxford, 1870; archbishop of York, 1891: one of the greatest orators and most brilliant controversialists of his day; published speeches, addresses, and sermons.

[411] Jean Hyacinthe de Magellan or Magalhaens (1723–1790), scientific investigator; descendant of the Portuguese navigator who discovered Magellan Straits in 1520: born probably at Talavera; Augustinian monk; abandoned monastic life for scientific research, 1763; reached England, 1764; F.R.S., 1774; published work on English reflecting instruments, 1775; engaged in perfecting the construction of scientific instruments; published descriptions of them, and the memoirs of his friend the Hungarian Count de Benyowsky (posthumous, 1791).

[412] Conall Mageoghegan (fl. 1635), Irish historian; translated The Annals of Clonmacnois 1627.

[413] Magheramorne, first Baron (1823–1890). See Sir James Macnaghten Mcgarel Hogg.

[414] Robert Magill (1788–1839), Irish presbyterian clergyman; M.A. Glasgow, 1817; licensed to preach, 1818; his best-known work, The Thinking Few 1828.

[415] Edward Maginn (1802–1849), Irish catholic prelate; educated at the Irish College, Paris; ordained priest, 1825; agitated for the repeal of the union, 1829; coadjutor to the bishop of Derry and nominated bishop of Ortosia in the archbishopric of Tyre, in partibus infidelium, 1845; D.D.

[416] William Maginn (1793–1842), poet, journalist, and miscellaneous writer; educated at Trinity College, Dublin; B.A., 1811; LL.D., 1819: contributed to Blackwood's Magazine 1819-28 and 1834-42; in Edinburgh, 1821-3; settled in London, 1823; joint-editor of the 'Standard contributed to the Age; established 'Fraser's Magazine 1830, his Gallery of Literary Characters being its most popular feature; his masterpiece in humorous fiction, Bob Burke's Duel with Ensign Brady 1834; published his Homeric Ballads in Fraser 1838; published reproductions of Lucian's dialogues in the form of blank-verse comedies, 1839; his health ruined after imprisonment for debt; the original of Thackeray's Captain Shandon.

[417] Saint Maglorius (495?–575), second bishop of Dol in Brittany; educated in the college of St. Illtyd at Llantwit Major; placed at the head of one of the religious communities of St. Sampson, near Dol; ordained priest and bishop; episcopal abbot there; retired to Jersey, where his hermitage grew into a monastery; his relics removed to Paris in the tenth century.

[418] Thomas Magnus (d. 1550), ambassador; archdeacon of the East Riding of Yorkshire, 1504; employed on diplomatic missions, 1509-19 and 1524-7; present at the Field of the Cloth of Gold, 1520; privy councillor, c. 1520; incorporated in a doctor's degree at Oxford, 1520; canon of Windsor. 1520-49; prebendary of Lincoln, 1522-1548; paymaster of the forces and treasurer of the wars in the north, 1523; custodian of St. Leonard's Hospital, York, 1529.

[419] Augustin Magraidan (1349–1406). See MacGradoigh.

[420] John Macrory Magrath, in Irish Eoghan MacRuadhri MacGraith (fl. 1459), Irish historian; one of a family of hereditary men of letters; chief historian to the Dal Oais in Thomond; author of Cathreim Thoirdhealbhaigh, a history of the wars of Thomond, of which the best existing copy is by Andrew MacCuirtin.

[421] Meiler Magrath (1523?–1622), archbishop of Cashel; became a Franciscan friar: lived, when young, in Rome; bishop of Clogher, 1570-1; archbishop of Cashel and bishop of Emly, 1571; attacked by James Fitzmaurice Fitzgerald (d. 1679) for imprisoning friars, 1571-80; continued to serve the government, though intriguing with rebels; bishop of Waterford and Lismore, 1582-1607; received sees of Killala and Achonry, 1611; according to Sir John Davies, 'a notable example of pluralities'.

[422] Cathal Macmaghnusa Maguire 1498), Irish historian: archdeacon of Clogher, 1483: collected a fine library of manuscripts, and compiled The Historical Book of Ballymacmanus (Annals of Ulster 60-1498); according to Paul Harris, author of additions to the Felire of Oengus and annotations to the Register of Clogher

[423] Connor Maguire or Cornelius, second Baron of Enniskillen (1616-1645), succeeded to peerage, 1684: inveigled by Roger More into taking part in catholic conspiracy, 1641, which was discovered thromrh the folly of Hugh Oge MacMahon; imprisoned in the Tower of London and subsequently in Newgate: trial and sentenced to be hanged, drawn, and quartered.

[424] Hugh Maguire, Lord of Fermanagh (d. 1600), implicated in a plot with Hugh O'Neill, second earl of Tyrone; succeeded to estates of Fermanagh, 1589; declared by the lord-deputy of Ireland to be a traitor; invaded Connaught; driven back by Sir Richard Bingham; slain in Tyrone's expedition into Munster and Leinster.

[425] John Francis Maguire (1815–1872), Irish politician: called to the Irish bar, 1843; journalist: founded (1841) and conducted Cork Examiner M.P., Dungarvan, 1852, Cork, 1865-72: acted with the Independent Irishmen; took prominent part in debates on the Irish land question; upheld the papacy and published Rome and its Ruler for which the pope named him knight commander of St. Gregory, 1866: issued third edition as 'The Pontificate of Pius IX 1870: published also miscellaneous works.

[426] Nicholas Maguire (1460?-1512), bishop of Leighlin; educated at Oxford; bishop of Leighlin, 1490; completed the Chronicon Hiberniae and Vita Milonis Episcopi Leighlinensis

[427] Robert Maguire (1826–1890), controversialist; educated at Trinity College, Dublin; clerical secretary. to the Islington Protestant Institute, 1852; M. A., 1855; D.D., 1877; a popular preacher and lecturer; published addresses and sermons.

[428] Thomas Maguire (1792–1847), Roman catholic controversialist: educated at Maynooth College; ordained, 1816: held various livings; engaged in platform discussions, of which Authenticated Reports appeared in 1827 and 1839.

[429] Thomas Maguire (1831–1889), classical scholar and metaphysician; first Roman catholic fellow of Trinity College, Dublin: educated at Trinity College; B.A., 1855: obtained law studentship at Lincoln's Inn, 1861; barrister, Lincoln's Inn, 1862; LL.D. Dublin, 1868; after Fawcett's Actof 1873 was elected to a fellowship at Trinity College, Dublin, 1880: professor, classical composition (chair specially created), till 1882: professor of moral philosophy, 1882-9; took part in discussion concerning the Pigott letters: published philosophical works, including Essays on the Platonic Idea 1866, and translations.

[430] Frederick Henry Horatio Akbar Mahomed (1849–1884), physician ; son of the keeper of a Turkish bath; studied at Guy's Hospital, London; M.R.O.S., 1872; resident medical officer at the London Fever Hospital; medical tutor at St. Mary's Hospital, London, 1875: M.D. Brussels; medical registrar at Guy's, London: entered Gains College, Cambridge, going up to Cambridge every night to keep his term: F.R.C.P., 1880; M.B. Cambridge and assistant- physician to Guy's Hospital, London, 1881; contributed to medical periodicals.

[431] Viscount Mahon (1805–1875). See Philip Henry Stanhope.

[432] Charles James Patrick Mahon , better known as The O'Gorman Mahon (1800-1891), Irish politician: educated at Trinity College, Dublin; M.A., 1826; urged O'ConneU to wrest Clare from William Vesey Fitzgerald when Fitzgerald became president of the board of trade in 1828: failed to gain the seat himself in 1831, quarrelling with O'Connell in consequence: M.P., Ennis, 1847-52; lived a life of adventure under many flags 1852-71: as a supporter of Charles Stewart Parnell was M.P. for Clare, 1879-85; sat for Oarlow, 1887-91, repudiating Paruell in 1890.

[433] Connor Mahony, Cornelius or Constantine (fl. 1650), Irish Jesuit: author of Disputatio Apologetics de Jure Regni Hiberniae pro Catholicos Hibernis adversus haereticos Anglos, urging the Irish to elect a Roman catholic king for themselves, 1645.

[434] Francis Sylvester Mahony , best known by his pseudonym of Father Prout (1804-1866), humorist; educated at the Jesuit collages of Clongoweswood, co. Kildare. and of St. Acheul, Amiens, and at Borne; admitted Jesuit; master of rhetoric at the Cloogoweswood Jesuitscollege, August 18JU; dismissed from the order, November 1830: abandoned the priesthood for literary life In London; befriended by William Maginn; contributed entertaining papers, over signature Father Prout to'Fraser's Magazine 1834-4 (published collectively, 1836); contributed poems to Benttey's Miscellany 1837; correspondent at Rome to the Dally New*,* 1846: Paris correspondent to the Globe 1855-66: died in Paris.

[435] James Maidment (1795?–1879), Scottish antiquary: called to the Scottish bar, 1817: advocate: much engaged in disputed peerage canes; Interested in historical :ui'l antiquarian research: edited works for the Bannnatyne, Maitland, Abbotsford, and Hunterian clubs, and for the Spottiswoode Society. One of his most valuable works is the Dramatists of the Restoration 1877.

[436] Clement Maidstone or Maydestone (fl. 1410), theologian and historical writer: probably a Trinitarian friar; author of ecclesiastical works.

[437] Ralph of Maidstone (d. 1246).

[438] Richard Maidstone or Maydestone (d. 1396), Carmelite: educated at Oxford; D.D., and confessor to John of Gaunt; prominent opponent of Wyclif; manuscripts by him preserved in the Bodleian Library, British Museum, and elsewhere.

[439] Edward Maihew (1570–1625), Benedictine; educated in the English College at Douay, and subsequently at Rome; took orders; secular priest in England; Benedictine in the abbey of Westminster, 1G07; prior of the monastery of St. Laurence at Dieulwurt in Lorraine, 1614-20; died at Cambray; author of some religious

[440] Maildulf or Malduf (d. 675?) Scottish or Irish teacher; gave his name to the town of Malmesbury; according to William of Malmesbury, opened a school in the spot now called Malmesbury which Aidhelm attended, and where he took the tonsure later.

[441] Stephen Charles Triboudet Maimbray or Mainbray. (1710–1782). See Demainbray.

[442] James Main (1700?–1761). See Man.

[443] Robert Main (1808–1878), astronomer : brother of Thomas John Main: fellow of Queens' College, Cambridge; took orders; M.A., 1837; chief assistant at the Royal Observatory, 1835: gold medallist. Astronomical Society, 1858; F.R.S., 1860; Radcliffe observer, 1860; edited first Radcliffe catalogue and compiled second, 1800; collected materials for a third, with the Redhill transit circle purchased (1861) from Richard Christopher Carrington; published astronomical treatise* and addresses.

[444] Thomas John Main (1818–1886), mathematician ; younger brother of Robert Main: senior wrangler, St. John's College, Cambridge, 1838; took orders: M.A., 1841; naval chaplain: placed on retired list, 1869: for thirty-four years professor of mathematics at the Royal Naval College, Portsmouth; published works on applied mathematics.

[445] Sir Henry James Sumner Maine (18tt-1888), jurist: of Christ's Hospital, London, and Pembroke College, Cambridge; senior classic, 1844; junior tutor at Trinity Hall, Cambridge, 1845-7: reglos professor of civil law, 1847-64: called to the bar, 1860; reader in Roman law and jurisprudence at the Inns of Court, 1862; contributed to theSaturday Review from its start in 1866; published Ancient Law: it* Connection with the Early History of Society and its PlslttaM to Modern Ideas 1881- legal member of the council of India, 1862-9; Corpus profwaor of jurisprudent, oxford, 1KG9-78; pub1Village Communities 1K71, Ivirly HUtory of Institutions 1875, and Dissertations on Karly LAW and Customs 1888; K.C.S.I. and appointed to a eat on the Indian council, 1871: master of Trinity Hall, i'ambridge, 1877-88; Whewell professor of international law, Cambridge. 1887-8: died at Cannes; one of the earliest to apply tlie historical method to the study of political institutions.

[446] Jasper Maine (1604–1672). See Mayne.

[447] Arthur Mainwaring or Maynwaring (1668-1712), auditor of imprests: entered Christ Church, Oxford. 1688, and the Inner Temple, 1687; at first opposed, but subsequently served the revolution government: auditor of imprests, 1705-12; M.P., Preston, 1706-10, West Looe, 1710-12; started the k Medley 1710; in his writings attacked Sacheverell, defended Marlborough, and arraigned the French policy.

[448] Everard Mainwaring (1628-1699?). See Maynwaring.

[449] Matthew Mainwaring (1661–1652), romancist; published Vienna, an adaptation of a romance of Catalonian origin, c. 1618.

[450] Sir Philip Mainwaring (1589–1661), secretary for Ireland: B.A. Brasenose College, Oxford, 1613; M.P., Boroughbridge, 1624-6, Derby, 1628-9, Morpeth, 1640, Newton, Lancashire, 1661; knighted, 1634: secretary to the lord-lieutenant of Ireland, the Earl of Strafford, 1634; returned to London and was imprisoned as a delinquent, 1660-1.

[451] Roger Mainwaring (1590–1653). See Manwaring.

[452] Rowland Mainwaring (1783–1862), naval commander and author: present at the battle of the Nile, 1798, at the blockade of Copenhagen, 1801: captain, 1830: author ofInstructive Gleanings., on Painting and Drawing 1832, and Annals of Bath 1838.

[453] Sir Thomas Mainwaring, first baronet (1623-1689), Author of the Defence of Amicia; entered Brasenose College, Oxford, 1637, and Gray's Inn, 1640; took parliamentary side in civil war, but at the Restoration gained favour at court; created baronet, 1660. His Defence of Amicia to prove that his ancestor Amicia was the lawful daughter of Earl Hugh of Cyveiliog see HUOH, d. 1181 (published, 1673), led to a controversy with his relative Sir Peter Leycester

[454] Joseph Mainzer (1801–1861), teacher of music; born at Treves: ordained, 1826: singing-master to the college at Treves: being compelled to leave Germany on account of his political opinions, went to Brussels, 1833; proceeded to Paris and came to England, 1839; bestknown work, Singing for the Million 1841.

[455] John Mair (1469–1650). See John Major.

[456] Christopher Maire (1697–1767), Jesuit; educated at St. Omer: joined Jesuits, 1716; professed, 1733; rector of the English College at Rome, 1744-50; died at Ghent; author of Latin theological and astronomical works.

[457] William Maire (d. 1769), Roman catholic prelate: educated at the English College, Douay: ordained priest, 1780; served the Durham mission, 1742-67; coadjutor to the vicar-apostolic of the northern district of England, 1767-9.

[458] Anthony Maitland , tenth Earl of Lauderdale (1786-1863), admiral of the red; son of James G.C.M.G.: last baron Lnuderdale.

[459] Charles Maitland , third Earl of Lauderdale (d. 1691), brother of John Maitlaud, first duke of Lauderdale; master-general of the Scottish mint; privy councillor, 1661; commissioner to parliament for oEdinburgh, and lord of the articles, 1669; I -depute. 1871; created baronet, 1672. assisted her in the management of Scottish affairs, 16741: aoctwed of perjury and deprived of his position; succeded as Earl of Lauderdale, 1682. 350

[460] Charles Maitland (1815–1866), author; nephew of Sir Peregrine Maitland; M.D., Edinburgh, 1838; studied theology and graduated B.A. Magdalen Hall, Oxford, 1852; held various curacies; author of the first popular book on theCatacombs of Rome," 1846.

[461] Edward Maitland (1824–1897), mystical writer: B.A. Caius College, Cambridge, 1847; wont to California, 1849, became a commissioner of crown lands in Australia, and returned to England, 1857: published romances, including The Pilgrim and the Shrine 1 (largely autobiographical), 1867: collaborated with Anna Kingsford in Keys of the Creeds(1875), and joined her in crusade against materialism, animal food, and vivisection; declared (1876) that he had acquired a new sense, that of spiritual sensitiveness which enabled him to see the spiritual condition of people; published, with Anna Kingsford,The Perfect Way: or the Finding of Christ 1882, and founded with her the Hermetic Society, 1884; founded Esoteric Christian Union, 1891. His publications include Anna Kingsford. Her Life, Letters, Diary, and Work 1896.

[462] Edward Francis Maitland, Lord Barcaple (1803-1870), Scottish judge; brother of Thomas Maitland, lord Dundrennan; LL.D. Edinburgh: advocate, 1831: solicitor-general for Scotland, 1855-8 and 1859-62; lord of session as Lord Barcaple, 1802-70.

[463] Frederick Maitland (1763–1848), general: grandson of Charles Maitland, sixth earl of Lauderdale; entered the army, 1779; present as lieutenant at the relief of Gibraltar, 1782; served chiefly in the West Indies: lieutenant-colonel. 1795; major-general, 1805; lieutenant-governor of Grenada, 1805-10; lieutenantgeneral, 1811: second in command in the Mediterranean, 1812; lieutenant-governor of Dominica, 1813; general, 1825.

[464] Frederick Lewis Maitland (d. 1786), captain of the royal navy; son of Charles Maitland, sixth earl of Lauderdale: commanded the royal yacht, 1763-75; served under Rodney, 1782; rear-admiral, 1786.

[465] Sir Frederick Lewis Maitland (1777–1839), rear-admiral; son of Frederick Lewis Maitland (d. 1786) ; served in the Mediterranean and off the French and Spanish coasts; commanded on the Halifax and West India stations, 1813-14; as commander of the Bellerophon took Napoleon to England, 1815; C.B., 1815; K.C.B. and rear-admiral, 1830; admiral superintendent of Portsmouth dockyard, 1832-7; comma nder-in-chief in the East Indies and China, 1837-9; died at sea.

[466] James Maitland, eighth Earl of Lauderdale (1769–1839), studied at Edinburgh High School and University, Trinity College, Oxford (1775), and Glasgow University; admitted to Lincoln's Inn, 1777; member of the Faculty of Advocates, 1780; M.P., Newport, Cornwall, 1780, Malmesbury, 1784; succeeded to the title, 17*9; Scots representative peer, 1790: strenuously opposed Pitt's government; published his Inquiry into the Nature and Origin of Public Wealth 1804; created Baron Lauderdale of Thirlestane in the county of Berwick (peerage of Great Britain and Ireland, 1806); lord high keeper of the great seal of Scotland, 1806; privy councillor, 1806: resigned, 1807; turned tory after 1821; retired from public life after 1830.

[467] Sir John Maitland, first Baron Maitland of Thirlestane (1645?–1595), lord high chancellor of Scotland; son of Sir Richard Maitland, Lord Lethington ; brother of William Maitland of Lethin'ton ; lord privy seal, 1567: favoured the queen and was rigorously treated by Morton, 1569-78: privy councillor, 1583; secretary of state, 1684: vit-rhuncellor, 1586; acquired great influence over the king; created Baron Maitland of Thirlestane, 1690; responsible for the act which established the kirk on a strictly presbyterian basis; wrote verse.

[468] John Maitland, second Earl and first Duke of Lauderdale (1616–1682), grandson of Sir John Maitland; grand-nephew of William Maitland of Lethington [q. v.]; regarded as a rising hope of the ultracovenanting party; commissioner for the Solemn League and Covenant, 1643-r: one of the commissioners who obtained the famous Engagement; with Charles II in Holland, 1649; followed him to Worcester and v prisoner, 1651; kept a prisoner till 1660; secretary for Scottish affair?, 1660-80; aimed at making the crown absolute in Scotland both in state and church; had complete influence over Charles; created Duke of Laudenlale and Marquis of March in the Scottish peerage, 1672; placed upon the commission for the admiralty, 1673; made a privy councillor und a peer of England as Earl of Guildford and Baron Petersham, 1674: supported by Charles II against attacks from the English parliament.

[469] John Maitland, Lord Ravelrig and fifth Earl of Lauderdale (1660?–1710), brother of Richard Maitland, fourth earl of Lauderdale: passed advocate at the Scottish bar, 1680: concurred in the revolution. a lord of session as Lord Ravelrig, 1689; succeeded to the earldom of Lauderdale, 1695; supported the union.

[470] John Gorham Maitland (1818-18G8), civil servant: son of Samuel Roffey Maitland; fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge; secretary to the civil service commission; published pamphlets,

[471] Sir Peregrine Maitland (1777-1854), general and colonial governor: entered the army, 1792; served in Flanders, 1794-8: in Spain, 1809 and 1812; major-general, 1814; present at Waterloo, 1816; K.C.B., 1816: lieutenant-governor of Upper Canada, 1818-28, of Nova Scotia, 1828-34: conmiauder-in-chief of the Madras army, 1836-8, and at the Cape of Good Hope, 1844-7; general, 1846; resigned governorship of Cape of Good Hope, 1847; G.O.B., 1862.

[472] Sir Richard Maitland , Lord Lethington (1496-1686), poet, lawyer, and collector of early Scottish poetry; educated at St. Andrews University; studied law at Paris: employed by James V and Queen Mary: an ordinary lord of rension and privy councillor, 1661; keeper of the great seal, 1562-7; a selection from his collection of early Scottish poems, with additions by himself, published, 1786.

[473] Richard Maitland , fourth Earl of Lauderdale (1653-1695), Jacobite; son of Charles Maitland, third earl of Lauderdale: privy councillor and joint general. of the mint with his fatlier, 1678; lordjustice general, 1681-4; declined to agree to the revolution settlement; for a time in exile at the court of St. Germains; outlawed, 1694; died at Paris; author of a verse translation of Virgil, published, 1737.

[474] Richard Maitland (1714?-1763), captor of Surat; enlisted in royal artillery, 1732; lieutenant-fireworker, 1742: fought at Fontenoy as first lieutenant, 1745; served under Olive in India; commanded the expedition for capturing Surut, 1759; major, 1762: dial at Bombay.

[475] Samuel Roffey Maitland (1792–1866), historian and miscellaneous writer; educated at St. John's and Trinity Colleges. Cambridge; barrister, Inner Temple, 1816; entered holy orders, 1821: published his elaborate monograph on the Albigenses and Waldenses, 1832; commenced contributing to theBritish Magazine 1835, the remarkable papers afterwards published as The Dark Ages 1844, and Essays on Subjects connected with the Reformation in England 1849; librarian and keeper of c manuscripts at Lambeth, 1838; F.R.S., 1839; editor of the British Magazine 1839-49: contributed to Notes and Queries; author of thirty-seven works, mainly historical and ecclesiastical.

[476] Sir Thomas Maitland (1759?-1824), lieutenant-general; commander-in-chief in the Mediterranean; served in India, both ashore and afloat, till 1790; in San Dominpo, 1794-8; M.P., Haddiugton burglis, 1794-6 and 1800-6; hrigadier-peneral, 1797; employed in the secret expedition against Belle Isle, 1799: major-general, 1806; lieutenant-general and commauder-in-chicf in Ceylon, 1806-11; major-general, 1811: governor of Malta, 1813; lord high commissioner of the Ionian islands and commander-in-chief in the Mediterranean. 1816: died at Malta: an able administrator, though nicknamed King Tom from his eccentricities and arbitrary conduct.

[477] Thomas Maitland, Lord Dundrennan (1792-1851), Scottish judge: studied at Edinburgh: called to the Scottish bar, 1813; solicitor-general, 1840-1 and 1846-W: M.R, Kirkcudbrightshire, 180-40; lord of easton M Lord Dundrennan, 1860; studied antiquarian literature; his fine library sold in 1851.

[478] Thomas Maitland , eleventh Earl of Lauderdale (1803-1878), admiral of the fleet; -.,i:. nri 3 ",:: Mtarafl t..,..,... 1816; served on the Sooth American station. 1816, the West Indian, 1832-3, the north coa* of Spain, 18W-7; advanced to po*t rank, 1817: shared in the operations in the Persian Oulf, 1839; served during the in* Chinese war, 1840-1: knighted, 1843: rear-admiral, 1817; comniaiid.T-iii-.-i.;.-! H. ti,,- Pacific, 1860-1: succeeded to earldom on the death of his consul, 1868: admiral, 1868; admiral of the fleet on the retired list, 1877.

[479] William Maitland (1528?–1573), of Lethington, known as the Secretary Lethington; son of Sir Richard Maitland: educated at St Andrews and on the continent; in the erviue of llXllBMB IMiml of Scotland 1554-9; entered into close relations with Cecil, IftGO: secretary and entrusted with Mary's foreign policy, 1551: pursued a conciliatory policy toward* England; supported the Darnley marriage, 1564-6; said to have been a party to Darnley's murder, 1567: tried to reconcile the two Scottish factions, 1670: surrendered Edinburgh Oastle to the English commander, 1573; died in prison at Leith.

[480] William Maitland (1693?–1757), topographer: published topographical compilations 1739-67, of ephemeral reputation.

[481] William Fuller Maitland (1813–1876), picture collector: of Trinity College, Cambridge; M.A., 1839; formed a fine collection of early Italian master* and of English landscape paintings, some of which were bought after his death by the National Gallery.

[482] Michael Maittaire (1668–1747), classical scholar and writer on typography; born in Prance: educated at Westminster School; cauoucer student of Christ Church, Oxford; M.A., 1696; second master of Westminster, 1695-9; began to publish, c. 1706, works consisting principally of editions of the Latin classics; published Annales Typographicae 6 vols. 1719-41.

[483] Henry William Majendie (1764–1830), bishop of Chester and Bangor: of Charterhouse and Christ's College, Cambridge; B.A., 1776: fellow, 1776; preceptor to Prince William, afterwards William IV; canon of Windsor, 1785-98; D.D., 1791; canon of St. Paul Cathedral, 1798; bishop of Chester, 1800-9, of Bangor, 1809-30.

[484] John Major or Mair (1469–1560), historian and scholastic divine; studied at Cambridge and Paris; M.A., 1496; taught at Paris in arts and scholastic philosophy; published his first work on logic, 1503: D.D., 1506; began to lecture on scholastic divinity at the Sorbonne, Paris, 1506; published A Commentary on the Four Books of Peter the Lombard's "Sentences," at intervals, 1509-17; professor of philosophy and divinity. Glasgow. 1518; published History of Greater Britain, both England and Scotland 1521; taught philosophy and logic in St. Andrews University, 1522; taught again at Paris University, 1525-31: returned to St. Andrews, 1531; provost of St. Salvator's College there, 1533-50; with William Manderston founded an endowed chaplaincy at St. Andrews, 1539: championed the doctrinal Rome; wrote entirely in Latin.

[485] John Major (1782–1849), bookseller and publisher; a supporter of Dibdin's publications: failed in business through becoming entangled in Dibdin's speculations; well-known by his beautiful edition of Walton aud Cotton's Complete Angler first published, 1823: published verse, including squibs on current politics.

[486] John Henniker-Major, second Baron Henniker (1762–1821). See Henniker-Major.

[487] Joshua Major (1787–1866?), landscape-gardener; author of important works on gardening, published, 1W91861.

[488] Richard Henry Major (1818–1891), geographer; keeper of the department of maps and plans, British Museum, 1867-80; his chief work, "The Life of Prince Henry of Portugal, surnamcd tle Navigator 1868; edited ten works for the Hakluyt Society (hon. secretary, 1849-5H), 1847-73.

[489] Thomas Major (1780–1799), engraver: resided wd worked for some time in Paris; returned to England, 1763: issued a aerie* of his prints, 1754 (2nd edit 1768): first English engraver to be elected A.R.A., 1770; engraver to the king and to the stamp office.

[490] William Makelsfeld (d. 1804). See Mykelfeld.

[491] Francis Makemie (1658–1708), Irish divine; studied at Glasgow University: missionary to America, 1682; worked in Virginia, Maryland, ami Barbados; formed at Philadelphia the first presbytery in America, 1708, and the father of prcsbyteriauisin in America: died in Acoomac, Virginia. _ r,

[492] Bathsua Makin (fl. 1673), the most learned Englishwoman of her time; sister of John Pell (1611-1686): tutoress to Charles I's daughters; probably kept a school at Putney, 1649: wrote on female education, 1673.

[493] James Makittrick (1728–1802). See James Makittrick Adair.

[494] Matthew Makkarell or Mackarell (d. 1537), abbot of Barlings, Lincolnshire; D.D. Paris (incorporated at Cambridge, 1516); abbot of Gilbertines or Preuxmstratensians at Alnwick; subsequently of Barlings or Oxeuey, Lincolnshire; suffragan bishop of Lincoln, 1535: a leader in Lincolnshire rebellion, 1536; taken prisoner and executed, 1537.

[495] David Maytn (d. 1588?). See Dugal Mackenzie.

[496] Malachy I (d. 863). See Maelsechlainn I.

[497] Malachy Mor (949–1022). See Maelsechlainn II.

[498] Malachy of Ireland (fl. 1310, Franciscan; probably author of Libellus septem peccatorum mortalium (Paris, 1518), remarkable for its denunciation of the government of Ireland.

[499] Macaedh Malachy -. 1348), archbishop of Tuam; bishop of Elphin, 1307-12; archbishop of Tuam, 1318-48; often confused with Malachy (fl. 1310)

[500] '^ Malachy O'Morgair, Saint (in Irish, Maelmaedhoig Ua Morgair (1094?–1148), archbishop of Armagh: gained a great reputation for sanctity and learning; head of the abbey of Bangor, co. Down; bishop of Connor, 1124; established monastery of Ibrach in south of Ireland after the destruction of the scut of his bishopric by a northern chieftain; archbishop of Armagh, 1132-6; bishop of Down, 1136; visited St. Bernard, his future biographer, at Clairvaux; died at Clairvaux on his way to Rome.

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