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English herald approaching the Scots
English herald approaching the Scots

The Weardale campaign occurred during July and August 1327. In 1326, while England was at war with Scotland, the English king Edward II was deposed by his wife, Isabella, and her lover, Roger Mortimer. Seeing opposition to the Scots as a way of legitimising their position, Isabella and Mortimer prepared a large army to oppose them, accompanied by the newly crowned Edward III. After two weeks of poor supplies and bad weather the English confronted the Scots when the latter deliberately gave away their position. The Scots occupied unassailable positions and the English declined to attack them. A Scottish force raided the English camp, penetrating as far as the royal pavilion. The English believed that they were starving out the surrounded Scots, but on the night of 6 August the Scots escaped and marched back to Scotland. The campaign was ruinously expensive for the English. Isabella and Mortimer were forced to negotiate, and in 1328 a peace treaty recognising Scottish sovereignty was signed. (Full article...)

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Male resplendent quetzal
Male resplendent quetzal

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Alexander Fleming

Alexander Fleming (1881–1955) was a Scottish physician and microbiologist, best known for discovering the world's first broadly effective antibiotic substance, which he named penicillin. His discovery in 1928 of what was later named benzylpenicillin (or penicillin G) from the mould Penicillium rubens is described as the "single greatest victory ever achieved over disease." For this discovery, he shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1945 with Howard Florey and Ernst Chain.

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