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For the Detroit radio station which identified as WKRK-FM from 1997 to 2007, see WXYT-FM.
WKRK-FM
Broadcast area
Frequency92.3 MHz (HD Radio)
BrandingSports Radio 92.3 The Fan
Programming
FormatSports radio
Subchannels
Affiliations
Ownership
Owner
History
First air date
December 19, 1947
(77 years ago) (1947-12-19)
Former call signs
  • WSRS-FM (1947–1959)
  • WJMO-FM (1959–1960)
  • WCUY (1960–1971)
  • WLYT (1971–1983)
  • WRQC (1983–1990)
  • WJMO-FM (1990–1994)
  • WZJM (1994–2001)
  • WXTM (2001–2006)
  • WXRK (2006–2007)
  • WKRI (2007)
Former frequencies
95.3 MHz (1947–59)
Call sign meaning
former "K-Rock" branding
Technical information[1]
Licensing authority
FCC
Facility ID74473
ClassB
ERP
  • 40,000 watts (horizontal)
  • 36,000 watts (vertical)
HAAT167 meters (548 ft)
Transmitter coordinates
41°26′32″N 81°29′28″W / 41.44222°N 81.49111°W / 41.44222; -81.49111
Links
Public license information
WebcastListen live (via Audacy)
Websitewww.audacy.com/923thefan

WKRK-FM (92.3 FM) is a commercial radio station licensed to Cleveland Heights, Ohio, known as "Sports Radio 92.3 The Fan" and carrying a sports format. Owned by Audacy, Inc., WKRK-FM serves Greater Cleveland and surrounding Northeast Ohio as a co-flagship for the Cleveland Browns Radio Network and an affiliate of Infinity Sports Network.

WKRK-FM's studios are located at the Halle Building in Downtown Cleveland and the station transmitter resides in the Cleveland suburb of Warrensville Heights. In addition to a standard analog transmission, WKRK-FM broadcasts over three HD Radio channels[2] and is available online via Audacy.

History

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1940s–50s

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Founded by Sam R. Sague, the station debuted on December 19, 1947, on 95.3 MHz as WSRS-FM and simulcast sister station WSRS (1490 AM), also licensed to Cleveland Heights.[3] WSRS AM/FM billed itself as the "Community Information Voice of Cleveland".[4] On February 1, 1959, Friendly Broadcasting of Columbus assumed control of WSRS 1490 AM and 95.3 FM from Sam R. Sague, switching call letters, licenses, studios and facilities.[5][6] The AM and FM stations took on separate identities: WJMO took over the former WSRS offices at 2156 Lee Road in Cleveland Heights, and WSRS-FM became WJMO-FM, later WCUY.[3] The 1540 and 106.5 frequencies were sold off to Tuschman Broadcasting Company, with the AM station becoming WABQ while the FM station instead signed on as WABQ-FM.

1960s–70s

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WCUY maintained an eclectic mix of beautiful music, jazz and ethnic fare independent of the AM station – a rarity at the time. WJMO adopted a rhythm-and-blues format, focusing primarily on the African-American community, which it still does to this day. WCUY vacated 95.3 and moved to 92.3 MHz in the early 1960s, while WDGO in Cleveland signed on the 95.5 frequency and WLKR-FM in Norwalk on the 95.3 frequency. The station's music format turned to all jazz in the mid-1960s. Voices at WCUY's microphones in the mid-1960s until the station dropped jazz in 1971 included: Jim Quinn,[7] Chris Columbi, who also wrote about jazz for The Cleveland Plain Dealer, Ray Allen (who also served as Program Director), Dave Smith, Gary Stark, Mark Kaufman, Len Anthony, Phil Fink, David Mark, and Joanie Layne.[citation needed]

In 1971, WCUY changed calls to WLYT,[8][9] standing for "We Love You Truly," and chosen through a station contest. WLYT first held a gold-based oldies format, but then bounced about between AOR (as "92 Rock"), automated Top 40, and then disco (as "Disco 92") With Chris Michaels-Manning who went to WZAK and John J. Muddcliff who went to M105 known as the "MUD". WLYT was beset by a poor signal, a limited budget, constant staff turnover, and low ratings during this period.

1980s–90s

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WLYT changed its call letters to WRQC in spring 1983,[10] and switched to pop/new wave music as "Cleveland's New 92 ROCK", using consultant Rick Carroll of future sister station KROQ-FM in Los Angeles. At the time, Daniel "Dancin' Danny" Wright was the morning drive host. Partly due to a fallout with Carroll, and low ratings against AOR/CHR powerhouse WMMS, WRQC gradually migrated to CHR under new Program Director Kris Earl Phillips (who later departed for a career in the computer software industry, and was succeeded by OM/PD Scott Howitt), with the shift completed that September 5. The line-up included various morning hosts over time after Wright moved over to WGCL (to do afternoons), Jan McKay (Jan Wrezinski/News Director), Linda Jackson (Linda Stepan) middays, Scott Howitt (Program Director) doing afternoon drive, former WBZZ/Pittsburgh air personality Tom "Jack" Daniels" in evenings, Mike Gallagher in nights, Johnny Sharp in late nights, Skip O'Brien, Lew Roberts, Jim Shea, Scott James (voiceover artist Harry Legg) and "Rowdy Ron" Higgins on weekends. The CHR format remained in place throughout the remainder of the decade, though it would be rebranded a few times, first as 92Q in early 1985,[11] All-Hit 92Q in 1986 (under the guidance of the late Rick Sklar, former WABC/New York program director turned consultant),[12] and later as Hot 92 in 1989, with the station leaning toward urban.[13]

United Broadcasting changed WRQC's call sign to WJMO-FM on January 22, 1990, matching the calls of WJMO, marking the second time around with these call letters.[14] The station was re-branded "Jammin' 92", and began simulcasting WJMO part-time before dropping the simulcasts in October of that year.[15] In 1995, the station rebranded as "Jammin' 92.3", and kept the contemporary hits format, except this time around, they shifted towards a Dance-leaning direction, a move that would pay off ratings-wise for the station, all under the direction of its then PD, Keith Clark.[16] Slogans over the years included "Cleveland's New Dance Music Station", "The Party Pig", "Big Fun-Giant Jams", and "Cleveland's New #1 Hit Music Station."

Starting in 1993, Jammin' 92's evening hours were modeled after MTV, featuring equal doses of alternative rock, hip-hop, and pop music. The show was called "92 Channel X."[17] In 1992, as Federal Communications Commission (FCC) ownership rules were relaxed, United Broadcasting sold WJMO and WJMO-FM to Zebra Communications, owned by three key figures from local urban contemporary station WZAK: Owner Xenophon Zapis, program director Lynn Tolliver, and on-air personality Bobby (Otis) Rush. Although Tolliver and Rush were both African Americans, Zapis, a Greek, was a key party in the new ownership. The Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) contested the sale.

The sale was approved by the FCC in 1993,[18] and WJMO became the first radio station with significant African American ownership in the Cleveland area. On February 25, 1994, as a result of the legal battles, the SCLC gained significant control of WJMO, which was seen as the less desirable station.[19]

The SCLC kept the WJMO call letters for their AM station, and WJMO-FM became WZJM, a combination of WZAK and WJMO.[20][21] WZJM's format evolved into Rhythmic CHR and it became one of the highest rated stations in Cleveland during the late 1990s with air personalities Joe "Mama" in the Morning, Big Dave, Don "Action" Jackson, LeeAnn Sommers,[22] Howard Perl,[23] Dean Rufus,[24] Scott Free, Bobby Blaze and Chuck Booms. The station was listed as a Top 40/CHR reporter in music reporting trades like Billboard Radio Monitor (now defunct), because of WZJM's inclusion of mainstream pop/rock product into its playlist, and at the same time, keep from overlapping WZAK when it came to playing R&B/Hip-Hop product and targeting the African American audience.

Logo as 92.3 The Beat

From 1998 to 2001, WZJM suffered through multiple ownership changes and different formats. This started when WZJM, WJMO and WZAK were purchased by Chancellor Media in January 1999, along with WDOK, WQAL, and WRMR (850 AM) in a $275 million deal.[25] It was, at the time, the largest radio deal in Cleveland broadcasting history. On July 13, 1999, Chancellor Media merged with Capstar Broadcasting, owners of WKNR (1220 AM), becoming AMFM Inc., becoming, at that time, the nation's largest radio station owner with 465 stations. When AMFM merged with Clear Channel Communications in August 2000, Clear Channel was forced to sell off WZJM along with the other Cleveland AMFM properties to comply with market ownership restrictions. WZJM, WDOK and WQAL were sold to Infinity Broadcasting, later becoming CBS Radio in 2005.[26]

On the air, WZJM abruptly dropped its contemporary hits format at 5:00 pm on April 19, 1999. In its place was the AMFM-branded "Jammin' Oldies" format as "92.3 The Beat".[27][28] While "Jammin' Oldies" was popular in the short term in other markets across the country, WZJM's attempt was not successful in comparison. As WZJM was sold to Infinity, speculation grew about a potential format change, particularly when all but two of the station's disk jockeys were let go in early 2001.

2000s

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On May 25, 2001, at 9:30 a.m., WZJM flipped to active rock as "92.3 Xtreme Radio" with the call letters WXTM (adopted on June 7, 2001).[29][30][31] While the rock format helped fill the gap after WENZ flipped from modern rock to urban in 1999, WXTM's "Xtreme" format and on-air presentation were originally quite different from the old WENZ, and was, in fact, a nationally programmed format developed by Infinity Broadcasting. WXTM was the Cleveland affiliate for New York-based shock jocks Opie and Anthony from July 2001 until their firing by CBS Radio in August 2002. Rover's Morning Glory, hosted by Shane "Rover" French, debuted on WXTM on March 24, 2003 (and received its title just days beforehand).[32] It would become the first radio show in modern history to have even been syndicated out of Cleveland, when WMAD in Madison, Wisconsin and WAZU in Columbus, Ohio both picked up the show.

In 2005, the "Xtreme" label was shed in favor of "923X", and former WENZ disk jockeys re-emerged on WXTM during several "Smells Like the End" reunion weekends. The playlist was slowly expanded as the station became a full-fledged alternative rock station. Rover made national headlines when he was selected by CBS Radio to be one of four shows to replace Howard Stern (the other three being Adam Carolla, The Junkies and David Lee Roth) with CBS Radio's "Free FM" experiment. Rover had his show's flagship relocated to Chicago on sister station WCKG in order to accommodate this switch, but continued to air in Cleveland.[33]

On January 1, 2006, WXTM's sister station WXRK in New York (now WINS-FM) changed its callsign to WFNY-FM to reflect its new format. CBS Radio then moved the WXRK call letters to WXTM. The new WXRK of Cleveland was suddenly set on "random play," essentially a wide-sweeping commercial modern rock playlist without any dee-jays. On-air promos hinted of "92.3: It just Rocks," before the station officially became "92.3 K-Rock" that January 17. K-Rock has been a brand utilized by CBS Radio on several of their rock stations, most notably KROQ in Los Angeles. Incidentally, KROQ was also the station that what was then WRQC tried to emulate back in the 1980s.[34]

Opie and Anthony rejoined the station's lineup on April 26, 2006, when they were hired back to replace David Lee Roth on CBS Radio stations in select markets in morning drive. However, WXRK – and not local Roth affiliate WNCX – picked up the Free FM-based portion of the show, on tape delay from 3:00 pm to 6:00 pm.[35] WCKG would cancel Rover, due to extremely low ratings, on July 31, 2006, and Rover's show returned to WXRK's studios as its flagship. Also that day, K-Rock launched its HD2 station "K2", on the station's secondary HD signal. "K2" featured bands like Godsmack, Slipknot, Static-X, Disturbed, and other harder-edged acts. On November 14, 2006, K-Rock began an online stream, accessible at its official site, krockcleveland.com. Meanwhile, the former WXRK in New York changed formats on May 25, 2007, from hot talk back over to alternative rock under the "92.3 K-Rock" name, and as a result, would reacquire the WXRK call letters.[36] The Cleveland station retained the format and name, but on May 31, took a new callsign of WKRI. The station gained its tenth set of call letters that October 3 when they obtained the WKRK-FM calls from the Detroit station now known as WXYT-FM.

Logo as Radio 92.3

Rover's Morning Glory would be abruptly canceled from WKRK-FM on February 15, 2008, after a new contract between Rover and CBS Radio could not be reached. Rover ended up signing a deal with WMMS;[37] as a result, WKRK-FM moved Opie and Anthony to morning drive and started to lean the active rock route by adding artists such as Mötley Crüe, Ozzy Osbourne, and Guns N' Roses onto the rotation to better compete with WMMS. WKRK-FM ultimately suffered a significant decline in ratings.

On December 1, 2008, WKRK-FM dropped the K-Rock branding and switched to "Radio 92.3", while retaining the modern rock format.[38] All DJs were dropped or reassigned to off-air roles, and Opie and Anthony were dropped from morning drive.[39] As "Radio 92.3", WKRK-FM continued to serve as the home of Inner Sanctum, a weekly showcase featuring Cleveland's local music talent. Inner Sanctum aired its final show on WKRK-FM on August 28, 2011.[40][41]

92.3 The Fan

[edit]

WKRK-FM dropped both the "Radio 92.3" brand and alternative rock format from its primary broadcast feed (analog/HD1) on August 29, 2011, at 6 am; the final song to air before the format flip was "Second Chance" by Shinedown.[42] The station has since aired a sports radio format over the primary feed as "Sports Radio 92.3 The Fan".[43][44] Both the "Radio 92.3" brand and format continued on the HD2 digital subchannel until January 2, 2013, when the feed switched over to CBS Sports Radio.[45] In March 2013, WKRK-FM announced that it would begin broadcasting "a 24-hour dedicated Browns HD multicast" on a new HD3 digital subchannel at an unspecified date.[46] The HD3 subchannel eventually signed on during the summer of 2013.

Morning co-host Chuck Booms, who had been with the station since the sports format launch in August 2011, was let go in May 2015. Regarding the future of the WKRK-FM morning show, program director Andy Roth stated his intent to hire a replacement "soon" - and eventually moved evening host Ken Carman full-time to mornings.[47]

In January 2016, Kevin Kiley made headlines after publicly criticizing the Buffalo Bills for hiring a female assistant coach. In an interview during the February 11 evening sportscast on Cleveland TV station WUAB, Kiley had said he was being censored by CBS Radio over his comments, and announced he would be resigning from WKRK.[48] On April 6, 2016, WOIO reported that former morning show producer J.G. Spooner had been arrested and charged with money laundering via the website GoFundMe; Cleveland Scene speculated that Spooner exited the station due to the arrest.[49][50] On February 2, 2017, Spooner was sentenced to thirty months in prison.[51]

On February 2, 2017, CBS Radio announced it would merge with Entercom.[52] The merger was approved on November 9, 2017, and was consummated on the 17th.[53][54] Entercom rebranded as Audacy on March 30, 2021.[55]

Current programming

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Regular schedule

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WKRK features local hosts during the bulk of the day on weekdays, including Ken Carman and Anthony Lima (morning drive), Andy Baskin and Jeff Phelps (middays), Nick Wilson and Jonathan Peterlin (afternoons), and Spencer German (weeknights).

Infinity Sports Network programming airs overnights on weekdays and the bulk of the day on weekends.

Play-by-play

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WKRK-FM is a co-flagship station for the Cleveland Browns, sharing coverage with sister station WNCX, as well as cross-town rival WKNR, and also serves as the Cleveland affiliate for Westwood One's national coverage of the NFL and NCAA football and basketball, as well as NASCAR coverage from the Motor Racing Network (MRN).[56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63] During Browns season, WKRK-FM is the flagship home of the Browns Radio Network postgame show.[64]

References

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  1. ^ "Facility Technical Data for WKRK-FM". Licensing and Management System. Federal Communications Commission.
  2. ^ "not found". Archived from the original on September 27, 2015. Retrieved September 28, 2015.
  3. ^ a b "1961-61 Broadcasting Yearbook (page 279)" (PDF). AmericanRadioHistory.com. David Gleason on the Web. 2010. Retrieved January 7, 2011.[permanent dead link‍]
  4. ^ "Station Guide: WSRS-FM". Cleveland Broadcast Radio Archives. Mike Olszewski & SofTrends, Inc. 2002. Archived from the original on May 9, 2008. Retrieved January 16, 2010.
  5. ^ "1959 Broadcasting Yearbook" (PDF). AmericanRadioHistory.com. David Gleason on the Web. 2010. Retrieved January 16, 2010.[permanent dead link‍]
  6. ^ "1960 Broadcasting Yearbook" (PDF). AmericanRadioHistory.com. David Gleason on the Web. 2010. Retrieved January 16, 2010.[permanent dead link‍]
  7. ^ Frank, Michelle (November 1969). "Cool! Calm! Contented! Calamity!". TV Radio Mirror. Retrieved December 24, 2019.
  8. ^ "1971 Broadcasting Yearbook" (PDF). AmericanRadioHistory.com. David Gleason on the Web. 2010. Retrieved January 16, 2010.[permanent dead link‍]
  9. ^ "1972 Broadcasting Yearbook" (PDF). AmericanRadioHistory.com. David Gleason on the Web. 2010. Retrieved January 16, 2010.[permanent dead link‍]
  10. ^ Gorman, John (March 16, 2009). "St. Patrick's Day, Buzzard-style, 1983". The Buzzard: Inside the Glory Days of WMMS and Cleveland Rock. Retrieved July 25, 2012.
  11. ^ Joe Frolik, "Rock 'n' roll radio wars heat up," The Plain Dealer, March 11, 1985.
  12. ^ Joe Frolik, "WRQC takes off white gloves, dons leather," The Plain Dealer, March 31, 1986.
  13. ^ David Sowd, "A year Buzzards fell off perch," The Plain Dealer, December 29, 1989.
  14. ^ WebMasters, Mike Olszewski (March 4, 2002). "Cleveland, Ohio Broadcast Radio Archives Project". Cleve-radio.com. Archived from the original on May 9, 2008. Retrieved August 18, 2014.
  15. ^ David Sowd, "WRQC is 'jammin' with sister station," The Plain Dealer, January 23, 1990.
  16. ^ "PD of the Week". Billboard. Nielsen Business Media. June 12, 1993. p. 73. Retrieved April 6, 2018 – via Internet Archive.
  17. ^ Roberto Santiago, "WZJM, Virgin like 'Channel X' sound," The Plain Dealer, March 3, 1994.
  18. ^ "WJMO sale approved by FCC, but SCLC appeal is likely (in CLENIX)". Catalog.cpl.org. May 22, 1993. Archived from the original on September 28, 2007. Retrieved August 18, 2014.
  19. ^ "SCLC gains control of WJMO-AM (in CLENIX)". Catalog.cpl.org. December 10, 1993. Archived from the original on September 28, 2007. Retrieved August 18, 2014.
  20. ^ Roberto Santiago, "Stations change hands and styles," The Plain Dealer, February 18, 1994.
  21. ^ Roberto Santiago, "WZJM FM returns to Top 40," The Plain Dealer, November 10, 1994.
  22. ^ Kriak, Charlie (March 27, 2018). "LeeAnn Sommers – A Storied Career Behind the Mic – Cleveland Country Magazine". Retrieved January 23, 2020.
  23. ^ "WZJM (Jammin' 92.3) - Cleveland - 8/9/97 - Howard Perl". FM Airchecks. August 24, 2014. Retrieved January 23, 2020.
  24. ^ Petkovic, John; Dealer, The Plain (June 25, 2014). "Gay Cleveland through the decades: The clubs, queens and music that brought gay culture into the mainstream". cleveland. Retrieved January 23, 2020.
  25. ^ "Company News; Chancellor Media to Buy Six Cleveland Radio Stations". The New York Times. Associated Press. August 13, 1998. Retrieved April 6, 2018.
  26. ^ WebMasters, Mike Olszewski (March 4, 2002). "Cleveland, Ohio Broadcast Radio Archives Project". Cleve-radio.com. Archived from the original on May 9, 2008. Retrieved August 18, 2014.
  27. ^ Tom Feran, "WZJM drops Top 40 for 'Jammin' Oldies'," The Plain Dealer, April 21, 1999.
  28. ^ "RR-1999-04-23" (PDF). americanradiohistory.com. Retrieved January 27, 2024.
  29. ^ "WZJM brings back alternative rock," The Plain Dealer, May 26, 2001.
  30. ^ Clint O'Connor, "Station switches to extreme direction," The Plain Dealer, June 9, 2001.
  31. ^ "RR-2001-06-01" (PDF). americanradiohistory.com. Retrieved January 27, 2024.
  32. ^ Clint O'Connor, "Channel 8 news grabs the top spot in February ratings," The Plain Dealer, March 28, 2003.
  33. ^ Julie E. Washington, "Roth takes over Stern's mike on Tuesday," The Plain Dealer, January 2, 2006.
  34. ^ Julie E. Washington, "'Xtreme' becomes 'K-Rock,' adds variety to playlist," The Plain Dealer, January 17, 2006.
  35. ^ Michael Heaton, "Opie, Anthony going to WXRK," The Plain Dealer, April 25, 2006.
  36. ^ FMQB (2007). "K-Rock Returns To 92.3 FM In NYC". FMQBs. Archived from the original on May 26, 2007. Retrieved May 24, 2007.
  37. ^ Washington, Julie (February 21, 2008). "DJ Rover Leaving WKRK for WMMS". Cleveland.com. Cleveland Live, Inc. Retrieved July 30, 2012.
  38. ^ "Radio 92.3 FM Cleveland: WKRK". Radio 92.3 official website. CBS Radio, Inc. 2009. Retrieved December 31, 2009.
  39. ^ Washington, Julie (December 4, 2008). "WKRK FM 92.3 Switches to Automated Format". Cleveland.com. Cleveland Live, Inc. Retrieved July 30, 2012.
  40. ^ "Shows: Inner Sanctum". Radio 92.3 official website: Inner Sanctum. CBS Radio, Inc. 2010. Archived from the original on April 2, 2010. Retrieved March 26, 2010.
  41. ^ "About – Inner Sanctum". Inner Sanctum – Cleveland's Music Showcase. WordPress.com. 2010. Archived from the original on December 6, 2008. Retrieved January 16, 2010.
  42. ^ "92.3 The Fan Debuts - Format Change Archive". formatchange.com. August 29, 2011. Retrieved April 6, 2018.
  43. ^ "CBS Flipping Modern Rock WKRK/Cleveland To FM Sports". FMQB.com. Friday Morning Quarterback Album Report, Inc. and Mediaspan Online Services. August 4, 2011. Archived from the original on May 27, 2012. Retrieved August 4, 2011.
  44. ^ Yarborough, Chuck (September 2, 2011). "WKRK FM/92.3 The Fan Replaces Rock with Sports Talk". Cleveland.com. Cleveland Live LLC. Archived from the original on October 2, 2011. Retrieved March 10, 2012.
  45. ^ "Radio 923".[dead link‍]
  46. ^ Venta, Lance (March 28, 2013). "Cleveland Browns Move To CBS/Good Karma Trio". RadioInsight.com. RadioBB Networks. Retrieved May 1, 2013.
  47. ^ McIntyre, Michael K. (May 7, 2015). "Chuck Booms is fired from 92.3 The Fan". Cleveland.com. Plain Dealer Publishing Co. and Northeast Ohio Media Group. Retrieved May 12, 2015.
  48. ^ Zarrella, Tony (February 12, 2016). "Video: Kevin Kiley resigns from 92.3". cleveland19.com. Retrieved April 6, 2018.
  49. ^ Team, Cleveland 19 Digital (April 6, 2016). "Cleveland media personality charged with money laundering". cleveland19.com. Retrieved April 6, 2018.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  50. ^ Grzegorek, Vince. "Former 92.3 The Fan Producer J.G. Spooner Pleads Guilty to Money Laundering, Theft Charges. Spooner was replaced with long time Ken Carman Show Evening Producer & Fill in Rock Jock of 98.5 WNCX Kenny Kidd in Late May of 2016". clevescene.com. Retrieved April 6, 2018.
  51. ^ Shaffer, Cory (February 2, 2017). "'Heartless con man' J.G. Spooner sentenced to prison for GoFundMe, rent, bad check scams". cleveland.com. Retrieved May 18, 2019.
  52. ^ "CBS Radio To Merge With Entercom - RadioInsight". radioinsight.com. February 2, 2017. Retrieved April 6, 2018.
  53. ^ "Entercom Receives FCC Approval for Merger with CBS Radio". Entercom. November 9, 2017. Retrieved November 17, 2017.
  54. ^ Venta, Lance (November 17, 2017). "Entercom Completes CBS Radio Merger". Radio Insight. Retrieved November 17, 2017.
  55. ^ "Radio Giant Entercom Rebrands as Audacy Amid Streaming Push". The Hollywood Reporter. March 30, 2021.
  56. ^ "92.3 The Fan Named Flagship Station of the Gladiators in 2012". ClevelandGladiators.com. Cleveland Gladiators. March 7, 2012. Retrieved March 9, 2012.
  57. ^ "CBS Radio to flip WKRK-FM to The Fan". rbr.com. August 4, 2011. Retrieved September 8, 2011.[permanent dead link‍]
  58. ^ "92.3 The Fan Schedule « CBS Cleveland". Cleveland.cbslocal.com. Retrieved August 18, 2014.
  59. ^ "CBS Creates the Largest Major Market Sports Radio Network in the Nation". CBSRadio.com (Press release). CBS Radio, Inc. June 21, 2012. Archived from the original on August 19, 2014. Retrieved July 30, 2012.
  60. ^ "Damon Amendolara To Host Weekday Overnight Show On CBS Sports Radio". CBS Radio. November 16, 2012. Archived from the original on March 8, 2013. Retrieved August 18, 2014.
  61. ^ "Browns Enter Into Groundbreaking Radio Partnership With ESPN 850 WKNR And CBS Radio's 92.3 The Fan And 98.5 WNCX". CBS Cleveland. March 28, 2013. Archived from the original on April 2, 2013.
  62. ^ "The Haslam Era: The Cleveland Browns Will Have a New Broadcasting Home in 2013". Buckeye State Sports. Retrieved August 18, 2014.
  63. ^ "Dial Global Changes Name To Westwoodone; Revives Iconic Audio Brand - Westwood One Radio Networks". Westwoodone.com. September 4, 2013. Archived from the original on September 10, 2013. Retrieved August 18, 2014.
  64. ^ "Jeff Phelps To Call Browns Preseason Games; Team Announces Radio Network Programming". cbslocal.com. August 6, 2014. Retrieved April 6, 2018.
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