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Vukovar Synagogue

Coordinates: 45°20′18″N 19°00′14″E / 45.3382°N 19.0038°E / 45.3382; 19.0038
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Vukovar Synagogue
Great Vukovar Synagogue
Croatian: Velika Vukovarska Sinagoga
The synagogue, c. 1900, prior to its desecration
Religion
AffiliationNeolog Judaism (former)
RiteNusach Ashkenaz
Ecclesiastical or organisational statusSynagogue (1889–1941)
StatusDestroyed
Location
LocationLj. Gaja 13, Vukovar
CountryCroatia
Vukovar Synagogue is located in Croatia
Vukovar Synagogue
Location of the destroyed synagogue in Croatia
Geographic coordinates45°20′18″N 19°00′14″E / 45.3382°N 19.0038°E / 45.3382; 19.0038
Architecture
Architect(s)Ludwig Schöne (de)
TypeSynagogue architecture
Style
Date established1840s (as a congregation)
Completed1889
Destroyed
  • 1941 (devastated)
  • 1958 (demolished)

The Vukovar Synagogue, also the Great Vukovar Synagogue (Croatian: Velika Vukovarska Sinagoga), was a former Neolog Jewish synagogue, located in Vukovar, Croatia. The synagogue was completed in 1889, in the Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia, within the Austria-Hungary, after the first smaller synagogue was sold to the Calvinist church in 1910.[1] The synagogue was devastated by the Nazis in 1941; and demolished in 1958.

History

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The Jews of Vukovar settled in the city in the 19th century from other parts of the Habsburg monarchy. The Jewish community in Vukovar was one of the oldest and most significant Jewish communities in Croatia.[2] The first Vukovar synagogue was built in 1845 by architect Fran Funtak [hr]. In 1889, Austria-Hungarian architect Ludwig Schöne [de] built the Great Vukovar Synagogue for over 200 members of the Vukovar Jewish community.

In 1941, during World War II, the synagogue was plundered and devastated by the Nazis.[1] Almost all members of the city's Jewish community were killed during the Holocaust; including Rabbi Izrael Scher (also known as Izidor Šer, born 1901) and his wife, Klara (born 1906), both doctors, who were murdered at the Jasenovac concentration camp in July 1941.[3][4][5][6] In 1958, communist authorities of the SFR Yugoslavia demolished the synagogue and sold the remaining ruins.[1]

A virtual reconstruction of the synagogue was completed by the Vienna University of Technology in 2006.[7] In 2002 it was reported that there were plans to rebuild the former destroyed synagogue.[8]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b c Damjanović, Dragan (2007). O gradnji i stilu prve vukovarske sinagoge iz 1845 (in Croatian). Filozofski fakultet odsjek za povijest umjetnosti. p. 242.
  2. ^ Damjanović, Dragan (2008). "Obitelj Pfeffermann i njihova poslovno stambena jednokatnica u Vukovaru iz 1923". Ha-Kol (in Croatian) (106). Glasilo Židovske zajednice u Hrvatskoj: 32.
  3. ^ Kraus, Ognjen (1998). Dva stoljeća povijesti i kulture Židova u Zagrebu i Hrvatskoj (in Croatian). Zagreb: Židovska općina Zagreb. p. 463. ISBN 953-96836-2-9.
  4. ^ "Židovska općina Zagreb". CENDO (in Croatian). Zagreb. Retrieved August 28, 2021.
  5. ^ "Šer dr Scher Izrael, Vukovar". CENDO (in Croatian). Zagreb. Retrieved August 28, 2021.
  6. ^ "Šer dr Scher Klara, Vukovar". CENDO (in Croatian). Zagreb. Retrieved August 28, 2021.
  7. ^ von Nenad Miskovic, Erstellt (November 2006). "Virtuelle Rekonstruktion der Synagoge in Vukovar/Kroatien" (PDF) (in German). Vienna University of Technology. Retrieved November 30, 2023.
  8. ^ "In a Croatian City Without Jews, There's a Plan to Rebuild a Synagogue". Jewish Telegraph Agency. October 31, 2002. Retrieved May 19, 2024.


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