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Vitaly Kocharovsky

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Vitaly Kocharovsky
Born (1955-10-15) October 15, 1955 (age 69)
Yekaterinburg, Russia
NationalityRussian-American
Occupation(s)Physicist, academic and researcher
RelativesVladimir Kocharovsky (brother)
Olga Kocharovskaya (wife)
Academic background
EducationM.Sc., Physics and Mathematics
Ph.D., Physics and Mathematics
Alma materN.I. Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod
Radiophysical Research Institute, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
Academic work
DisciplineTheoretical physics
Astrophysics
InstitutionsTexas A&M University
Russian Academy of Sciences

Vitaly Kocharovsky is a Russian-American physicist, academic and researcher. He is a Professor of Physics and Astronomy at Texas A&M University.[1]

Kocharovsky has focused his research on topics in theoretical physics, including quantum gravity, critical phenomena, superradiance, quantum optics, laser physics, semiconductor optoelectronics, wave propagation and mode coupling in inhomogeneous media, magnetospheric physics, plasma astrophysics, gamma- and radio-astronomy, and high-energy cosmic rays.[2]

Education

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Kocharovsky received his Master’s degree in Physics and Mathematics from N.I. Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Russia in 1978 and Doctoral Degree in Physics and Mathematics from Radiophysical Research Institute in 1986. He was awarded Dr. of Sciences (Habilitation) Degree in Physics and Mathematics by the Highest Attestation Commission of the Russian Federation in 1998 after completing the habilitation thesis titled "Collective effects of spontaneous emission and quantum theory of dissipative instability".[3]

Career

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Kocharovsky started his career as a Researcher at the Institute of Applied Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences[4] in 1978, and became a Senior Researcher in 1986, and a Leading Researcher in 1996. He held his next appointment at Texas A&M University as an Associate Research Scientist in the Department of Physics in 1998, served as Visiting Associate Professor in 2001, and was promoted to Associate Professor of Physics in 2002, and to Professor of Physics and Astronomy in 2005.[1]

Research

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Kocharovsky has focused his research on the theoretical problems in physics and astrophysics, such as negative energy (dissipative) instabilities in quantum gravity,[5] superradince,[6] unification of nature’s complexities via a matrix permanent, microscopic theory of critical phenomena in phase transitions,[7] light-matter interaction in quantum optics[8] and laser physics,[9] nonadiabatic mode coupling,[10] plasma astrophysics of neutron stars and black holes, structures and instabilities in a collisionless plasma,[11] mechanisms of particle acceleration and emission,[12][13] and origin of the ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays.[14]

Kocharovsky found a negative-energy mechanism of instability in the quantum field theory of a gravity-matter system and discussed its manifestation in a cosmological model.[15] He stated that a similar mechanism of a dissipative instability is responsible for a superradiance[16] and predicted new regimes of superradiant lasing and nonequilibrium phase transitions in an atom-light system. In 1997, he predicted a phenomenon of a collective electron-positron annihilation and an electron-hole recombination.[17] The latter phenomenon has been later observed experimentally.[18] Kocharovsky developed also a method of a phenomenological quantum electrodynamics of active media for an analysis of such collective quantum instabilities in nonequilibrium systems.[19]

In 2015, Kocharovsky suggested a microscopic theory of critical phenomena in phase transitions,[20] in particular, for the Ising model of ferromagnetism and Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC). In 2020, he revealed a universality of a matrix permanent for description of major nature’s complexities in critical phenomena, quantum information processes in many-body physics, fractal structures and chaos, number theory, and ♯P-hard problems in the theory of computational complexity.[21] Kocharovsky developed an analytical theory of anomalous BEC fluctuations and found a universal structure of the lambda-point in the critical region of BEC for an ideal gas.[22] He also calculated BEC fluctuations outside the critical region for the interacting gas with a homogeneous[23] or inhomogeneous[24] condensate and discussed a challenging problem of their observation that is much deeper than a mean-field level of the many-body statistical physics. In 1988, Kocharovsky suggested a Bragg-Coulomb mechanism of a high-temperature superconductivity.[25]

Kocharovsky proposed a mechanism for particle acceleration through multiple conversions between charged (protons, electrons) to neutral (neutrons, photons) states which could explain the origin of cosmic rays of the ultra-high energies up to 1021 eV.[26] He pointed out the inevitable presence and important role of free neutrons in the dynamics and emission of relativistic shock waves and jets in a vicinity of compact astrophysical sources, including a neutrino production in a neutron-proton relativistic wind.[27] He found that a Hawking radiation of primordial black holes is not observable in and above the GeV energy range due to an electromagnetic cascade in an ejected plasma.[28] In 1999, Kocharovsky developed a model of a compact star collapse and a subsequent gamma-ray burst induced by a primordial black hole coming inside the star.[29] He predicted the annihilation cyclotron lines of gamma radiation from a neutron star and developed the theory of the X-ray cyclotron line formation in the atmosphere of a neutron star with due account for a spectral redistribution of photons.[30] Kocharovsky found new classes of the current sheets and filaments with a self-consistent magnetic field in collisionless relativistic plasma[31] and studied the features of multiscale current structures, including turbulent ones, in both cosmic and laboratory plasmas.[32]

Bibliography

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  • Zheleznyakov, V. V., Kocharovskiĭ, V. V., & Kocharovskiĭ, V. V. (1989). Polarization waves and super-radiance in active media. Soviet physics uspekhi, 32(10), 835.
  • Derishev, E. V., Kocharovsky, V. V., & Kocharovsky, V. V. (1999). The neutron component in fireballs of gamma-ray bursts: dynamics and observable imprints. The Astrophysical Journal, 521(2), 640.
  • Belyanin, A. A., Capasso, F., Kocharovsky, V. V., Kocharovsky, V. V., & Scully, M. O. (2001). Infrared generation in low-dimensional semiconductor heterostructures via quantum coherence. Physical Review A, 63(5), 053803.
  • Kocharovsky, V. V., Kocharovsky, V. V., & Scully, M. O. (2000). Condensate statistics in interacting and ideal dilute Bose gases. Physical review letters, 84(11), 2306.
  • Derishev, E. V., Aharonian, F. A., Kocharovsky, V. V., & Kocharovsky, V. V. (2003). Particle acceleration through multiple conversions from a charged into a neutral state and back. Physical Review D, 68(4), 043003.

References

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  1. ^ a b "Vitaly Kocharovsky". 30 September 2019.
  2. ^ "Ежемесячный естественнонаучный журнал РАН".
  3. ^ "Collective effects of spontaneous emission and the quantum theory of dissipative instability: abstract of thesis. ... doctors of physical and mathematical sciences".
  4. ^ "General Information".
  5. ^ Kocharovsky, V. V.; Kocharovsky, Vl. V. (1996). "Self-consistent infrared and ultraviolet asymptotically free unitary renormalizable theory of quantum gravity and matter fields". Foundations of Physics. 26 (2): 243–256. Bibcode:1996FoPh...26..243K. doi:10.1007/BF02058087. S2CID 121278724.
  6. ^ Zheleznyakov, V. V.; Kocharovskii, Vit V.; Kocharovskii, Vlad V. (October 1989). "Polarization waves and super-radiance in active media". Physics-Uspekhi. 32 (10): 835–870. doi:10.1070/PU1989v032n10ABEH002764.
  7. ^ Kocharovsky, Vitaly V.; Kocharovsky, Vladimir V. (2015). "Microscopic theory of phase transitions in a critical region". Physica Scripta. 90 (10): 108002. arXiv:1510.07341. Bibcode:2015PhyS...90j8002K. doi:10.1088/0031-8949/90/10/108002. S2CID 73631158.
  8. ^ Kocharovsky, V. V.; Kocharovsky, Vl. V.; Belyanin, A. A. (1996). "Reversal of Radiation Reaction Force and Instability of the Ground State of an Atom Located above the Surface of an Active Medium". Physical Review Letters. 76 (18): 3285–3288. Bibcode:1996PhRvL..76.3285K. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.76.3285. PMID 10060928.
  9. ^ Zvonkov, B. N.; Biryukov, A. A.; Ershov, A. V.; Nekorkin, S. M.; Aleshkin, V. Ya.; Gavrilenko, V. I.; Dubinov, A. A.; Maremyanin, K. V.; Morozov, S. V.; Belyanin, A. A.; Kocharovsky, V. V.; Kocharovsky, Vl. V. (2008). "Room-temperature intracavity difference-frequency generation in butt-joint diode lasers". Applied Physics Letters. 92 (2): 021122. Bibcode:2008ApPhL..92b1122Z. doi:10.1063/1.2835048. S2CID 31225123.
  10. ^ Kocharovsky, V. V.; Reynolds, C. B.; Kocharovsky, Vl. V. (2019). "Eigenmodes of a lamellar optical grating: Profile, propagation, reflection, transmission, and nonadiabatic mode coupling". Physical Review A. 100 (5): 053854. Bibcode:2019PhRvA.100e3854K. doi:10.1103/PhysRevA.100.053854. S2CID 213216547.
  11. ^ Kocharovsky, V. V.; Kocharovsky, Vl. V.; Martyanov, V. Ju. (2010). "Self-consistent current sheets and filaments in relativistic collisionless plasma with arbitrary energy distribution of particles". Physical Review Letters. 104 (21): 215002. Bibcode:2010PhRvL.104u5002K. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.104.215002. PMID 20867108.
  12. ^ Derishev, E. V.; Kocharovsky, V. V.; Kocharovsky, Vl. V. (1999). "The Neutron Component in Fireballs of Gamma-Ray Bursts: Dynamics and Observable Imprints". The Astrophysical Journal. 521 (2): 640–649. Bibcode:1999ApJ...521..640D. doi:10.1086/307574. S2CID 121893123.
  13. ^ "Physical parameters and emission mechanism in gamma-ray bursts" (PDF).
  14. ^ Derishev, E. V.; Aharonian, F. A.; Kocharovsky, V. V.; Kocharovsky, Vl. V. (2003). "Particle acceleration through multiple conversions from a charged into a neutral state and back". Physical Review D. 68 (4): 043003. arXiv:astro-ph/0301263. Bibcode:2003PhRvD..68d3003D. doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.68.043003. hdl:1969.1/181988. S2CID 119377825.
  15. ^ Akguc, Gursoy B.; Reichl, L. E.; Derishev, E. V.; Kocharovsky, Vl. V.; Kocharovsky, V. V. (2004). "Nonlinear dynamics of gravity and matter creation in a cosmology with an unbounded Hamiltonian". Physical Review E. 70 (6): 066210. Bibcode:2004PhRvE..70f6210A. doi:10.1103/PhysRevE.70.066210. PMID 15697487.
  16. ^ "Superradiance and dissipative instability in an inverted two-level system".
  17. ^ Belyanin, A. A.; Kocharovsky, V. V.; Kocharovsky, Vl V. (1997). "Collective QED processes of electron - hole recombination and electron - positron annihilation in a strong magnetic field". Quantum and Semiclassical Optics: Journal of the European Optical Society Part B. 9: 1–44. doi:10.1088/1355-5111/9/1/002.
  18. ^ Jho, Y. D.; Wang, Xiaoming; Kono, J.; Reitze, D. H.; Wei, X.; Belyanin, A. A.; Kocharovsky, V. V.; Kocharovsky, Vl. V.; Solomon, G. S. (2006). "Cooperative Recombination of a Quantized High-Density Electron-Hole Plasma in Semiconductor Quantum Wells". Physical Review Letters. 96 (23): 237401. arXiv:cond-mat/0601483. Bibcode:2006PhRvL..96w7401J. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.96.237401. PMID 16803400. S2CID 14293896.
  19. ^ Gaponov-Grekhov, Andrei V.; Rabinovich, Mikhail I.; Engelbrecht, Jüri (1989). Nonlinear Waves. Research Reports in Physics. Bibcode:1989nowa.book.....G. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-74366-5. ISBN 978-3-540-50654-6.
  20. ^ Kocharovsky, Vitaly V.; Kocharovsky, Vladimir V. (2015). "Microscopic theory of phase transitions in a critical region". Physica Scripta. 90 (10): 108002. arXiv:1510.07341. Bibcode:2015PhyS...90j8002K. doi:10.1088/0031-8949/90/10/108002. S2CID 73631158.
  21. ^ Kocharovsky, Vitaly; Kocharovsky, Vladimir; Tarasov, Sergey (2020). "Unification of the Nature's Complexities via a Matrix Permanent—Critical Phenomena, Fractals, Quantum Computing, ♯P-Complexity". Entropy. 22 (3): 322. Bibcode:2020Entrp..22..322K. doi:10.3390/e22030322. PMC 7516781. PMID 33286096.
  22. ^ Kocharovsky, Vitaly V.; Kocharovsky, Vladimir V. (2010). "Analytical theory of mesoscopic Bose-Einstein condensation in an ideal gas". Physical Review A. 81 (3): 033615. arXiv:1511.01610. Bibcode:2010PhRvA..81c3615K. doi:10.1103/PhysRevA.81.033615. S2CID 91173651.
  23. ^ Kocharovsky, V. V.; Kocharovsky, Vl. V.; Scully, Marlan O. (2000). "Condensation of N bosons. III. Analytical results for all higher moments of condensate fluctuations in interacting and ideal dilute Bose gases via the canonical ensemble quasiparticle formulation". Physical Review A. 61 (5): 053606. Bibcode:2000PhRvA..61e3606K. doi:10.1103/PhysRevA.61.053606.
  24. ^ Tarasov, S. V.; Kocharovsky, Vl. V.; Kocharovsky, V. V. (2020). "Bose-Einstein-condensate fluctuations versus an interparticle interaction". Physical Review A. 102 (4): 043315. arXiv:2007.15753. Bibcode:2020PhRvA.102d3315T. doi:10.1103/PhysRevA.102.043315. S2CID 220919815.
  25. ^ "Bragg-Coulomb double-flow mechanism for high-Tc superconductivity".
  26. ^ Derishev, E. V.; Aharonian, F. A.; Kocharovsky, V. V.; Kocharovsky, Vl. V. (2003). "Particle acceleration through multiple conversions from a charged into a neutral state and back". Physical Review D. 68 (4): 043003. arXiv:astro-ph/0301263. Bibcode:2003PhRvD..68d3003D. doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.68.043003. hdl:1969.1/181988. S2CID 119377825.
  27. ^ Derishev, E. V.; Kocharovsky, V. V.; Kocharovsky, Vl. V. (1999). "The Neutron Component in Fireballs of Gamma-Ray Bursts: Dynamics and Observable Imprints". The Astrophysical Journal. 521 (2): 640–649. Bibcode:1999ApJ...521..640D. doi:10.1086/307574. S2CID 121893123.
  28. ^ Belyanin, A. A.; Kocharovsky, V. V.; Kocharovsky, V. V. (1996). "Gamma-ray bursts from the final stage of primordial black hole evaporation". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 283 (2): 626–634. doi:10.1093/mnras/283.2.626.
  29. ^ Derishev, E. V.; Kocharovsky, V. V.; Kocharovsky, Vl. V. (1999). "Cosmological γ-ray bursts from a neutron star collapse induced by a primordial black hole". Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics Letters. 70 (10): 652–658. Bibcode:1999JETPL..70..652D. doi:10.1134/1.568241. S2CID 122067780.
  30. ^ "Spectral redistribution of gyroresonant photons in magnetized atmospheres of isolated compact stars" (PDF).
  31. ^ Kocharovsky, V. V.; Kocharovsky, Vl. V.; Martyanov, V. Ju. (2010). "Self-Consistent Current Sheets and Filaments in Relativistic Collisionless Plasma with Arbitrary Energy Distribution of Particles". Physical Review Letters. 104 (21): 215002. Bibcode:2010PhRvL.104u5002K. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.104.215002. PMID 20867108.
  32. ^ Kocharovsky, V. V.; Kocharovsky, Vl. V.; Martyanov, V Yu; Tarasov, S. V. (2016). "Analytical theory of self-consistent current structures in a collisionless plasma". Physics-Uspekhi. 59 (12): 1165–1210. Bibcode:2016PhyU...59.1165K. doi:10.3367/UFNe.2016.08.037893.
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