User talk:Skd17/sandbox

I know that the references should be reused, but I couldn't figure out how to do it and so reached out to Ian (our wiki helper) — Preceding unsigned comment added by Skd17 (talk • contribs) 20:17, 9 October 2016 (UTC)

Background

The Habenular nuclei (latin for “little rein") acts a regulator of key central nervous system neurotransmitters, connecting the forebrain and midbrain within the epithalamus Although predominantly studied for its demonstration of asymmetrical brain development and function, in recent years many scientists have begun examining the Habenular nuclei’s role in motivation and behavior as it relates to understanding the physiology of addiction.

Anatomy and Connectivity

The Habenular nuclei is located just above the thalamus and is divided into two asymmetric halves, the medial habenula (MHb) and the lateral habenula (LHb) that regulate monoamines, such as dopamine and serotonin. Information from the posterior septum and a portion of Broca’s area feeds into the MHb, and a region the hypothalamus, nucleus accumbens, ventral pallidum, globus pallidus, and a portion of Broca’s area all feed into the LHb. As a whole, this complexly interconnected region is part of the DDC system (dorsal diencephalic conduction system), responsible for relaying information from the limbic system to the midbrain, hindbrain, and medial forebrain.

Motivation and Addiction

Recent exploration of the Habenular nuclei has begun to associate the structure with an organism’s current mood, feeling of motivation, and reward recognition. LHb is especially important in understanding the reward and motivation relationship as it relates to addictive behaviors. The LHb inhibits dopaminergic neurons, decreasing release of dopamine. It was determined by several animal studies that receiving a reward coincided with elevated dopamine levels, but once the learned association was learner by the animal dopamine levels remain elevated, only decreasing when the reward is removed. Therefore, dopamine levels only increase with unpredicted rewards and with a “negative prediction error” (Velasquez 2014). Moreover, it was determined that removal of an anticipated award activated LHb, inhibiting dopamine. This finding helps explain why addictive drugs are associated with elevated dopamine levels. ___________ Example of nicotine addiction from Boulos et. al 2016 and Velasquez et al 2014________

Peer Review

Hey! lots of great information here, from such a tiny page. I was wondering if there was anyway you could expand on the laterl vs medial sections... do they have specific functions? is there more or less known about them? I don't know if it's too much but is there maybe a diagram of the nerve impulse you can include. doesn't need it necessarily, but if you find one that would be great to include. i think there are a bunch of key words in your article which can be linked to other articles (more hyperlinks) but other than that i think you've done a great job. you're sources look pretty solid and there are a lot of them which is great. I also really appreciated that you explained what your abbreviations were (pretty intuitive but some pages don't do that and it's super helpful that your did). Nice job! EIhannifin (talk) 16:58, 19 October 2016 (UTC)

Thanks for the great review, I have found some general images from a couple of the review papers I have, but so far none of them really highlight what I am more interested in, but I am still trying. I am working on finding something that emphasizes the pathway for dopamine inhibition that a number of the papers talk about. I'm not sure if it is allowed on Wikipedia pages to integrate aspects of different images into one, or if you need to find a complete image that previously exists. The hyperlinking part I am also working on. Because I had posted this to the talk page of my sandbox, formatting proved to be more challenging, so that will be an easy fix once I move my page over to my actual sandbox. I will also want to check out the different pages I'm hyperlinking to make sure they are reliable too. I'm surprised a number of pages don't seem to include abbreviations, I assume that would be fairly standard! Skd17 (talk) 03:53, 23 October 2016 (UTC)

Great page! Do you think your 'Background' section should actually be the hook paragraph at the very top of the article? ProfJRL (talk) 17:07, 24 October 2016 (UTC) That actually is my plan once I edit it a little more. For ease of reading within the sandbox, I figured it would be easier if I gave it a heading for now so what I had written was quickly identified. Skd17 (talk) 00:27, 28 October 2016 (UTC)