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Nudzraɖoƒe gbogbo aɖewo

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Le kɔmpiuta zazã me la, nudzraɖoƒe le agbɔsɔsɔ gã me fia nyatakaka gbogbo aɖewo dzadzraɖo le mɔ si nɔa anyi ɖaa eye mɔ̃ ate ŋu axlẽe nu. Le goawo katã me la, wozãa nya la wòlolo le ɣeyiɣi ma me hard disk drivewo gome, gake wozãe lolo le ŋkuɖodzinu gbãtɔ gome abe le kpɔɖeŋu me le floppy disk siwo le ame ŋutɔ ƒe kɔmpiutawo dzi gome ene.

Mɔ̃ kple/alo ɖoɖo siwo woɖɔ be wodzraa nu gbogbo aɖewo ɖo dometɔ aɖewoe nye kasɛt agbalẽdzraɖoƒewo, RAID ɖoɖowo, kple kɔmpiutadziɖoɖo vovovowo abe hard disk drive, magnetic tape drive, magneto-optical disc drive, optical disc drive, memory card, kple solid -dukɔa ƒe ʋuwo. Dodokpɔ ƒe nɔnɔmewo abe holographic memory ene hã le eme. Nudzraɖoƒe gbogbo aɖewo lɔ mɔ̃ siwo ŋu woate ŋu aɖe kple esiwo womate ŋu aɖe o ɖe eme. Metsɔ random access memory (RAM) kpe ɖe eŋu o.

Nudzraɖoƒe gbogbo eve li: nutoa me nyatakakawo le mɔ̃wo abe asitelefon alo kɔmpiutawo ene me, kple dɔwɔƒewo ƒe dɔwɔƒewo kple nyatakakadzraɖoƒewo na alilikpoa. Le nutoa me nudzraɖoƒe gome la, SSDwo le mɔ dzi yina HDDwo ɖɔliɖɔli. Ne míebu asitelefon ƒe akpa si tso telefonwo dzi va ɖo nuŋlɔɖigbalẽwo dzi ŋu la, wotu ɖoɖo siwo li egbea ƒe akpa gãtɔ ɖe NAND Flash dzi. Le Enterprise kple nyatakakadzraɖoƒewo gome la, woɖo nudzraɖoƒe ƒe ɖoɖowo anyi to SSD kple HDD ƒe tsakatsaka zazã me.[1]

Gɔmeɖeɖe

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Nyatakaka ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ "gãwo" ƒe nukpɔsusu kpɔa ŋusẽ ɖe ɣeyiɣi ƒe didime kple asi ƒe akpa dzi vevie. Nudzraɖoƒewo ƒe ŋutete dzi ɖe edzi ŋutɔ le ƒeawo me, eye wòdzi ɖe edzi zi gbɔ zi geɖe tso esime wodze kɔmpiuta mɔ̃ɖaŋununya gɔme le ƒe 1940 ƒeawo ƒe nuwuwu, eye nɔnɔme sia gakpɔtɔ li. Ke hã, ɣeyiɣi ka kee woɖazã o, le mamã dedie nu la, nudzraɖoƒe gbogbo aɖewo lolo wu eye le ɣeyiɣi ɖeka me la, wonɔ blewu wu ne wotsɔe sɔ kple egbegbe nudzraɖoƒe gbãtɔwo.

Agbalẽ siwo woŋlɔ le ƒe 1966 ƒe Fall Joint Computer Conference (FJCC) me zã nya si nye mass storage na mɔ̃ siwo lolo ŋutɔ wu hard disk drive siwo nɔ anyi ɣemaɣi. Nenema ke ƒe 1972 ƒe numekuku aɖe de dzesi nudzraɖoƒe gbogbo aɖewo tso Ampex (Terabit Memory) si zã video kasɛt, Precision Industries (Unicon 690-212) zã laser kple International Video (IVC-1000) tsɔ zã video kasɛt[2]eye wògblɔ be "Le agbalẽwo me la, esi bɔ wu." gɔmesese si le mass nudzraɖoƒe ŋutete ŋu nye bits triliɔn.". Wowɔ IEEE ƒe takpekpe gbãtɔ si ku ɖe nudzraɖoƒe gbogbowo ŋu le ƒe 1974[3] me eye ɣemaɣi la, wode dzesi nudzraɖoƒe gã be enye "ŋutete le bit 1012 ƒe ɖoɖo nu" (gigabyte 1).[4]Le ƒe 1970 ƒeawo ƒe domedome la IBM zã nya sia le IBM 3850 Mass Storage System ƒe ŋkɔ me, si naa virtual disk siwo ŋu Helical scan magnetic tape cartridges kpe ɖo, siwo nɔa blewu wu disk drivewo gake woƒe ŋutete lolo wu esi woate ŋu aƒle le diskwo ŋu.[5] Wozã nya mass storage le PC ƒe asi me na mɔ̃wo, abe floppy disk drive ene, siwo le sue sã wu mɔ̃ siwo womebu be wonye mass storage le mainframe ƒe asi me o.

Mɔ̃ siwo wodzraa nu gbogbowo ɖo ƒe dzesiwoe nye:

  • Nuwo tsɔtsɔ yi teƒe bubu ƒe duƒuƒu si anɔ anyi ɖaa
  • Asixᴐxᴐ
  • Ŋutete

Nudzraɖoƒe ƒe nyatakakadzraɖoƒe

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Magnetic diskwoe nye nudzraɖoƒe vevitɔ le ame ŋutɔ ƒe kɔmpiutawo me.Gake wozãa optical discs ɖeɖeko kloe le asitsaƒewo ƒe kɔmpiuta dɔwɔɖoɖowo, hadzidziwo kple sinimawo mama gã me le ga si wozãna kple ewɔwɔ nyuie le aŋenuwɔwɔ ƒe mɔnu si wozãna tsɔ wɔa DVD kple compact discwo kpakple nuxlẽla ƒe ʋu siwo le xexeame katã kloe ƒe anyinɔnɔ ta ame ŋutɔ ƒe kɔmpiutawo kple nuzazãwo ƒe dɔwɔnuwo.[6]Flash memory (vevietɔ, NAND flash) le niche si woɖo anyi eye wòle dzidzim ɖe edzi abe magnetic hard disks teƒenɔla le dɔwɔƒe ƒe kɔmpiutaɖoɖo siwo wɔa dɔ nyuie me le eƒe sesẽ si tso eƒe akpa siwo le ʋuʋum ƒe anyimanɔmanɔ gbɔ ta, kple eƒe ɣeyiɣi si wotsɔ nɔa anyi ʋĩi le dzɔdzɔme nu la bɔbɔ wu sã ne wotsɔe sɔ kple esiwo wozãna ɖaa magnetic hard drive ƒe kuxiwo gbɔ kpɔnu. Flash memory hã xɔ ŋkɔ ɣeyiɣi didi aɖee nye sia be enye nudzraɖoƒe si woate ŋu aɖe ɖa abe USB-tiwo ene, afisi wòwɔa asi le nyateƒe me le.Esia le alea elabena edzidzea nu nyuie wu le gazazã gome le ŋutete ƒe didime siwo bɔbɔ wu me, kpakple eƒe anyinɔnɔ didi hã. Ewɔ eƒe mɔ ɖe kɔmpiutadziɖoɖowo hã dzi le SSD ƒe nɔnɔme me, eye wòma susu mawo tɔgbe kple dɔwɔƒewo ƒe kɔmpiuta: Eyae nye be, tsitretsitsi ɖe ŋutilã ƒe ŋusẽkpɔɖeamedzi ŋu ƒe sesẽme si dze ƒã, si gatso akpa siwo le ʋuʋum ƒe anyimanɔmanɔ gbɔ, kpakple dɔwɔwɔ ƒe dzidziɖedzi gbɔ wu magnetic hard disk siwo wozãna ɖaa eye wòɖe kpekpeme kple ŋusẽzazã dzi kpɔtɔ ŋutɔ. Flash hã va le asitelefonwo dzi.[7][8]

Zi geɖe la, mɔ̃ɖaŋununya si wozãna tsɔ dzraa nu gbogbowo ɖo kple bɔswo ƒe mɔ̃ɖaŋununya si nɔ anyi le woƒe ɣeyiɣia me lae gblɔa kɔmpiuta ƒe xɔtuɖaŋuwo kple dɔwɔɖoɖowo ƒe wɔwɔme.[9]

Zãzã

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Zi geɖe la, woɖoa woƒe nyatakakawo ɖe ɖoɖo nu le kɔmpiuta gbogbo siwo wozãna le kɔmpiutadziɖoɖowo dzi kple kɔmpiuta akpa gãtɔ siwo wotsɔna dzraa nyatakakawo ɖo me. Zi geɖe la, faɛl ɖoɖo ƒe tiatia le vevie le mɔ̃a ƒe dɔwɔwɔ nyuie wu me: faɛl ɖoɖo siwo wozãna le mɔ gbadza nu (abe NTFS kple HFS, le kpɔɖeŋu me) mewɔa dɔ nyuie le nukpɔkpɔ ƒe nudzraɖoƒe si dia blewu abe compact disc ene me o.

Woateŋu aɖo kadodo ŋuti nyatakakadzraɖoƒe aɖewo hã ɖe nudzraɖoƒe gbogbowo dzi domedome faɛl ɖoɖo alo nudzraɖoƒedzikpɔla manɔmee. Le kpɔɖeŋu me, Oracle kple MySQL ateŋu adzra kplɔ̃ ŋuti nyatakakawo ɖo tẽ ɖe raw block devices dzi.

Le nyatakakadzraɖoƒe siwo woate ŋu aɖe me la, wozãa nudzraɖoƒe ƒe nɔnɔmewo (abe tar nudzraɖoƒe siwo le magnetic tape dzi, siwo ƒoa faɛl nyatakakawo nu ƒu tso nuwuwu vaseɖe nuwuwu ene) ɖe faɛl ɖoɖowo teƒe elabena woate ŋu atsɔ wo ayi teƒe bubuwo eye wo tsɔtsɔ yi teƒe bubuwo le bɔbɔe wu.

Le kɔmpiuta siwo wotsɔ de eme me la, ebɔ be woawɔ ŋkuɖodzinu ƒe nɔnɔmetata na nusiwo le nudzraɖoƒe gã aɖe (zi geɖe la, ROM alo flash memory) ale be woate ŋu ato emenyawo me abe nyatakaka siwo le ŋkuɖodzinu me ene alo awɔe to ɖoɖowɔɖiwo dzi tẽ.

Kpɔe hã

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Alilikpo me nudzraɖoƒe

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Alilikpo me nudzraɖoƒe nye kɔmpiuta dzi nyatakakawo dzraɖoƒe ƒe kpɔɖeŋu si me wodzraa dijitaal nyatakakawo ɖo ɖe logical pools me, wogblɔ be ele "alilikpo" dzi. Nudzraɖoƒe ŋutɔŋutɔ la keke ta ɖo dɔwɔƒe geɖe (ɣeaɖewoɣi le teƒe geɖe), eye zi geɖe la, dɔwɔƒe si xɔa amedzrowoe tɔe nuto ŋutɔŋutɔa nye eye wòkpɔa edzi.Alilikpo me nudzraɖoƒe siawo ƒe dɔe nye be woana nyatakakaawo nanɔ anyi eye woate ŋu akpɔ wo, eye nuto ŋutɔŋutɔa nanɔ dedie, akpɔ wo ta, eye woanɔ dɔ wɔm. Amewo kple habɔbɔwo ƒlea alo hayaa nudzraɖoƒe ƒe ŋutete tso dɔwɔƒea gbɔ be woatsɔ adzra zãla, habɔbɔ, alo dɔwɔɖoɖoa ƒe nyatakakawo ɖo.

Woateŋu akpɔ alilikpo me nudzraɖoƒe ƒe dɔwɔnawo to alilikpo me kɔmpiuta dɔwɔƒe si woɖo ɖe teƒe ɖeka, nyatakakadzraɖoƒe ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ƒe ɖoɖowɔɖi ƒe ŋgɔdonya (API) alo dɔwɔnu siwo zãa API, abe alilikpo me nudzraɖoƒe, alilikpo me nudzraɖoƒe ƒe agbo alo nyatakakadzraɖoƒe dzi nyatakakawo dzikpɔkpɔ ƒe ɖoɖowo ene.

Nyadzɔdzɔ

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Woxɔe se be J. C. R. Licklider ye to alilikpo me kɔmpiuta vɛ le ƒe 1960-awo me kple dɔ si wòwɔ le ARPANET ŋu be wòatsɔ amewo kple nyatakakawo aƒo ƒu tso teƒe ɖesiaɖe le ɣeyiɣi ɖesiaɖe me.[10]

Le ƒe 1983 me la, CompuServe na eƒe nuƒlelawo zãlawo be woakpɔ teƒe sue aɖe le disk dzi si woate ŋu azã atsɔ adzra faɛl ɖesiaɖe si wodi be yewoada ɖe Internet dzi ɖo.[11]

Le ƒe 1994 me la, AT&T ɖo PersonaLink Services, si nye Internet dzi mɔnu aɖe si dzi woato aɖo ame ŋutɔ kple asitsanyawo gbɔ kple asitsatsa. Nudzraɖoƒea nye gbãtɔ siwo katã wotu ɖe nyatakakadzraɖoƒe dzi la dometɔ ɖeka, eye woyɔe le woƒe boblododowo me be, "àte ŋu abu míaƒe elektrɔnik kpekpewɔƒea be enye alilikpo."[12]Amazon Web Services to woƒe alilikpo me nudzraɖoƒe dɔwɔƒe Amazon S3 vɛ le ƒe 2006 me, eye wòxɔ ŋkɔ le afisiafi eye woxɔe se be enye nudzraɖoƒe na dɔwɔƒe xɔŋkɔwo abe SmugMug, Dropbox, kple Pinterest. Le ƒe 2005 me la, Box ɖe gbeƒãe be yeawɔ faɛlwo mama le Internet dzi kple ame ŋutɔ ƒe alilikpo me nyatakakawo dzikpɔkpɔ ƒe dɔwɔƒe aɖe na dɔwɔƒewo.[13]

Xɔtata

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Alilikpo me nudzraɖoƒe nɔ te ɖe xɔtuɖoɖo siwo wowɔ le mɔ ŋutɔŋutɔ nu ŋutɔ dzi eye wòle abe alilikpo me kɔmpiuta zazã si keke ta wu ene le ƒomedodowo, elasticity kple scalability enumake kloe, multi-haya, kple mita ƒe nunɔamesiwo gome.Woate ŋu azã alilikpo me nudzraɖoƒedɔwo tso dɔwɔƒe si mele teƒea o (Amazon S3) alo esiwo woɖo ɖe teƒea (ViON Capacity Services).[14]

Alilikpo me nudzraɖoƒe ƒomevi etɔ̃ li: nusiwo wodzra ɖo ƒe dɔwɔƒe si woxɔ, faɛl nudzraɖoƒe, kple block nudzraɖoƒe. Alilikpo me nudzraɖoƒe ƒomevi siawo dometɔ ɖesiaɖe naa woawo ŋutɔ ƒe viɖe tɔxɛwo.

Cloud storage architecture

Nusiwo wodzrana ɖo ƒe dɔwɔna siwo woateŋu axɔ eye woatsɔ wo ade dɔwɔwɔ me kple alilikpo me nudzraɖoƒe ƒe nɔnɔmewo ƒe kpɔɖeŋuwo dometɔ aɖewoe nye Amazon S3, Oracle Cloud Storage kple Microsoft Azure Storage, nuwo dzraɖoƒe ƒe kɔmpiuta dɔwɔɖoɖowo abe Openstack Swift, nuwo dzraɖoƒe ƒe ɖoɖowo abe EMC Atmos, EMC ECS kple Hitachi Content Platform, kple wo mama nudzraɖoƒe ŋuti numekukudɔwo abe OceanStore[15] kple VISION Cloud ene.[16]

Fail dzraɖoƒe ƒe dɔwɔnawo ƒe kpɔɖeŋu aɖewoe nye Amazon Elastic File System (EFS) kple Qumulo Core,[17] si wozãna na dɔwɔɖoɖo siwo hiã be woakpɔ faɛl siwo woama eye wohiã faɛl ɖoɖo. Zi geɖe la, wotsɔa Network Attached Storage (NAS) server doa alɔ nudzraɖoƒe sia, si wozãna na nyatakakadzraɖoƒe gãwo, ŋgɔyiyi ƒe nɔnɔmewo, nyatakakadzraɖoƒewo, alo zãla ƒe aƒeme nyatakakadzraɖoƒewo.

Wozãa block storage service abe Amazon Elastic Block Store (EBS) na dɔwɔƒe ƒe dɔwɔɖoɖo bubuwo abe nyatakakadzraɖoƒewo ene eye zi geɖe la, ebiaa nudzraɖoƒe tɔxɛ, si me ɣeyiɣi mede o na host ɖesiaɖe. Esia sɔ kple nudzraɖoƒe si wotsɔ kpe ɖe eŋu tẽ (DAS) alo nudzraɖoƒe ƒe teƒe ƒe kadodo (SAN) le go aɖewo me.

Alilikpo me nudzraɖoƒee nye:[18]

Viɖe siwo le eŋu

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  • Ðeko wòle be dɔwɔƒewo naxe fe ɖe nudzraɖoƒe si wozãna ŋutɔŋutɔ ta, zi geɖe la, woxea ga si wozãna le ɣleti ɖeka, ɣleti enelia, alo ƒe ɖeka me le mamã dedie nu.[20] Esia mefia be alilikpo me nudzraɖoƒe mexɔ asi boo o, ɖeko wòhea dɔwɔwɔ ƒe gazazãwo vɛ tsɔ wu be wòazã ga geɖe.
  • Asitsaha siwo zãa alilikpo me nudzraɖoƒe ateŋu aɖe woƒe ŋusẽzazã dzi akpɔtɔ va ɖo 70% si ana woazu asitsaha si me amagbewo bɔ ɖo wu.[21]
  • Habɔbɔwo ate ŋu atiae le alilikpo me nudzraɖoƒe ƒe tiatia siwo mele teƒea o kple esiwo le teƒea me, alo tiatia eveawo ƒe tsakatsaka, le nyametsotso ƒe dzidzenu siwo sɔ siwo kpe ɖe gazazã dzi ɖeɖe kpɔtɔ tẽ ƒe ŋutete gbãtɔ ŋu nu; le kpɔɖeŋu me, dɔwɔwɔ yi edzi (COOP), afɔkuwo gbɔ kpɔkpɔ (DR), dedienɔnɔ (PII, HIPAA, SARBOX, IA/CND), kple nuŋlɔɖiwo léle ɖe asi ƒe sewo, ɖoɖowo, kple ɖoɖowo.[22]
  • Nudzraɖoƒe ƒe anyinɔnɔ kple nyatakakawo takpɔkpɔ nye nu vevi aɖe le nudzraɖoƒe ƒe xɔtuɖaŋu me, eyata le dɔwɔwɔ nu la, woateŋu aɖe mɔ̃ɖaŋununya bubu, agbagbadzedze kple ga si woatsɔ akpe ɖe nusiwo li kple ametakpɔkpɔ ŋu la ɖa.[23]
  • Woɖea nudzraɖoƒewo dzi kpɔkpɔ ƒe dɔwo, abe nudzraɖoƒe ƒe ŋutete bubuwo ƒeƒle ene, dea dɔwɔƒe aɖe ƒe agbanɔamedzi me.[24]
  • Alilikpo me nudzraɖoƒe naa ezãlawo kpɔa mɔnu kple dɔwɔnu gbogbo aɖewo siwo woxɔ ɖe habɔbɔ bubu ƒe xɔtuɖoɖowo me enumake to nyatakakadzraɖoƒe ƒe dɔwɔƒe aɖe dzi.[25]
  • Woateŋu azã alilikpo me nudzraɖoƒe hena virtual machine ƒe nɔnɔmetatawo kɔpi tso alilikpo me yi teƒe siwo le teƒea alo atsɔ virtual machine ƒe nɔnɔmetata tso teƒe si le teƒea ayi alilikpo me nɔnɔmetatawo ƒe agbalẽdzraɖoƒe. Tsɔ kpe ɖe eŋu la, woate ŋu azã alilikpo me nudzraɖoƒe atsɔ atsɔ virtual machine ƒe nɔnɔmetatawo ayi zãla ƒe akɔntabubuwo dome alo le nyatakakadzraɖoƒewo dome.[26]
  • Woate ŋu azã alilikpo me nudzraɖoƒe abe dzɔdzɔmefɔku ƒe kpeɖodzinu ƒe kpekpeɖeŋunu ene, elabena zi geɖe la, megbenyawo ƒe dɔwɔƒe vovovo 2 alo 3 nɔa teƒe vovovowo le xexeame godoo.
  • Woateŋu awɔ nɔnɔmetata na alilikpo me nudzraɖoƒe abe teƒea ƒe ʋu ene kple WebDAV ɖoɖowɔɖi. Ate ŋu awɔ dɔ abe titina faɛl dɔwɔƒe na habɔbɔ siwo si ɔfis teƒe geɖe le.

Alilikpo me nudzraɖoƒe si wotsɔa nu vovovowo tsakana

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Hybrid cloud storage nye nya si wozãna na nudzraɖoƒe ƒe ɖoɖo si zãa nudzraɖoƒe ƒe nunɔamesi siwo le teƒea kple cloud storage ƒe ƒuƒoƒo. Zi geɖe la, habɔbɔae kpɔa nudzraɖoƒe si le teƒea dzi, gake dutoƒo alilikpo me nudzraɖoƒea ƒe dɔe nye be wòakpɔ nyatakaka siwo wodzra ɖo ɖe alilikpoa me dzi ahakpɔ wo ta.[27]Woateŋu awɔ alilikpo me nudzraɖoƒe si wotsɔ ƒo ƒui to alilikpo me nudzraɖoƒe ƒe agbo si le teƒea si ɖea faɛl ɖoɖo alo nudzraɖoƒe ƒe ŋgɔdonya si zãlawo ateŋu age ɖe eme le mɔ ma ke si dzi woato age ɖe nutoa me nudzraɖoƒe ƒe ɖoɖo nu.Alilikpo me nudzraɖoƒe ƒe agbo la tsɔa nyatakakaawo yia alilikpo me nudzraɖoƒe dɔwɔƒea kple wo gbɔ le gaglãgbe, si wɔnɛ be woate ŋu akpɔ nyatakakaawo le ɣeyiɣi didi aɖe me to teƒea ƒe nudzraɖoƒe aɖe dzi.[28]

Woateŋu azã hybrid cloud storage atsɔ akpe ɖe habɔbɔ aɖe ƒe ememe nudzraɖoƒe nunɔamesiwo ŋu, alo woateŋu azãe abe nudzraɖoƒe ƒe xɔtuɖoɖo vevitɔ ene. Le go evea siaa me la, alilikpo me nudzraɖoƒe si wotsɔa nu vovovowo tsakana ate ŋu ana habɔbɔwo nate ŋu atrɔ ɖe nɔnɔmewo ŋu geɖe wu eye woate ŋu atrɔ asi le wo ŋu wu nudzraɖoƒe siwo wozãna tsã le teƒea.[29]

Viɖe geɖe le alilikpo me nudzraɖoƒe si wotsɔa nu vovovowo tsakana zazã me, siwo dometɔ aɖewoe nye ŋutete si le ame si be wòadzra nyatakaka siwo wozãna enuenu ɖo ɖe teƒea be woate ŋu akpɔ wo kaba, evɔ wodzraa nyatakaka fafɛ siwo mewɔa dɔ o ɖo le teƒe bubu le alilikpoa me. Esia ate ŋu ana teƒe natsi, aɖe nudzraɖoƒe ƒe gazazã dzi akpɔtɔ eye wòana dɔwɔwɔ nanyo ɖe edzi. Tsɔ kpe ɖe eŋu la, alilikpo me nudzraɖoƒe si wotsɔa nu vovovowo tsakana ate ŋu ana habɔbɔwo nawɔ dɔ geɖe wu eye woate ŋu alɔ̃ ɖe vodadawo dzi, elabena wodzraa nyatakakawo ɖo ɖe teƒea kple alilikpo me nudzraɖoƒewo siaa.[30]

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