User:Yordiv1/Provident Hospital (Chicago)/Bibliography

You will be compiling your bibliography and creating an outline of the changes you will make in this sandbox.

Bibliography

As you gather the sources for your Wikipedia contribution, think about the following:

Is the source from a reliable publication?
- Reliable publications include established newspapers, academic journals and books, textbooks, and other published sources with reputations for accuracy and fact-checking.
- Unreliable sources include blog posts and other self-published works, press releases, and social media posts.
Is the source verifiable?
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Is the source independent of the subject?
- Is the source connected in any way to the subject? This is especially important when writing biographies or about organizations.
- For example, if you were writing a biography, sources like the person's webpage or personal blog would not be considered independent.
Is the source primary or secondary?
- Primary sources include first-hand accounts, autobiographies, and other original content.
- Wikipedia allows limited use of primary sources, but typically only for straightforward, descriptive statements of facts, and only if they are published and verifiable without requiring specialized knowledge.
- Secondary sources should be the main basis for a biography on Wikipedia.
If you're working on a topic related to medicine or psychology, ensure that your sources follow these special guidelines.
If you're creating a new article, consider the following:
- Ensure that your topic meets Wikipedia's notability guidelines.
- In order for a topic to meet the notability requirement, you must be able to identify 2-3 sources that are reliable, verifiable, and independent of the subject you're writing about.
- Finding sufficient sources to establish notability can be especially hard when writing about people or organizations.
- Sources that are not independent of the subject might be useful additions, but don't count towards the notability requirement.
- Wikipedia has developed special guidelines for writing about living persons. Please follow these carefully.
- Wikipedia has a series of guidelines for writing about different categories of people, such as academics and artists. If you're trying to create a new entry about a living person, please look at these carefully.

If you're not sure whether a source is reliable, ask a librarian! If you have questions about Wikipedia's sourcing rules, you can use the Get Help button below to contact your Wikipedia Expert.

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Bibliography

^[1] "Remarkable Service Performed by Provident Hospital-Chicago Institution, Finest Voluntary Hospital Operated by Negroes." Provides overview of Provident Hospital's facilities and services offered in the 1930s. The information comes from a scientific journal.

^[2]"THE PROVIDENT HOSPITAL PROJECT: AN EXPERIMENT IN RACE RELATIONS AND MEDICAL EDUCATION." The article summarizes the history and challenges of the affiliation project between Provident Hospital and the University of Chicago. The article is from a notable scientific journal, which helps establish credibility.

^[3]"Provident Hospital: A Living Legacy." The information comes from a curated exhibit at the International Museum of Surgical Science. It provides a general overview of Provident Hospital's history from 1891 to the present.

^[4] "Plan to build new $240 million Provident Hospital put on hold after ouster of Cook County Health CEO." The article comes from a well known newspaper and takes information from interviews/press releases with Cook County officials. It provides information about Provident Hospital today.

^[5]"Provident Hospital’s revamp put on hold a third time as costs balloon; Cook County to reassess plans." The Chicago Tribune article summarizes the challenges with Provident Hospital's latest building project. It is from a credible newspaper and takes information provided in interviews/press releases from Cook County officials.

^[6]"A New Provident Hospital." The scientific journal article gives a general overview of Provident Hospital's history with a specific focus on the closure and reopening of the hospital by Cook County.

Examples:

Luke, Learie. 2007. Identity and secession in the Caribbean: Tobago versus Trinidad, 1889–1980 Kingston, Jamaica: University of the West Indies Press.
- This is a book published by a university press, so it should be a reliable source. It also covers the topic in some depth, so it's helpful in establishing notability.
Galeano, Gloria; Bernal, Rodrigo (2013-11-08). "Sabinaria , a new genus of palms (Cryosophileae, Coryphoideae, Arecaceae) from the Colombia-Panama border". Phytotaxa.
- This is a peer-reviewed scientific journal, so it should be a reliable source. It covers the topic in some depth, so it's helpful in establishing notability.
Baker, William J.; Dransfield, John (2016). "Beyond Genera Palmarum: progress and prospects in palm systematics". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society.
- This is a peer-reviewed scientific journal, so it should be a reliable source for a specific fact. Since it only dedicates a few sentences to the topic, it can't be used to establish notability.

References

^ Barnett, C A. “Remarkable Service Performed by Provident Hospital-Chicago Institution, Finest Voluntary Hospital Operated by Negroes.” Journal of the National Medical Association vol. 30,3 (1938): 117-20.
^ Gamble, Vanessa Northington. “THE PROVIDENT HOSPITAL PROJECT: AN EXPERIMENT IN RACE RELATIONS AND MEDICAL EDUCATION.” Bulletin of the History of Medicine, vol. 65, no. 4, 1991, pp. 457–75. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/44442639. Accessed 18 Dec. 2023.
^ "Provident Hospital: A Living Legacy". International Museum of Surgical Science. 2015-12-14. Retrieved 2023-12-18.
^ "Plan to build new $240 million Provident Hospital put on hold after ouster of Cook County Health CEO". Chicago Tribune. 2020-02-04. Retrieved 2023-12-18.
^ "Provident Hospital's revamp put on hold a third time as costs balloon; Cook County to reassess plans". Chicago Tribune. 2022-07-28. Retrieved 2023-12-18.
^ Watkins, R C. “A new Provident Hospital.” Journal of the National Medical Association vol. 87,5 (1995): 337-8.

Outline of proposed changes

Currently the article on Provident Hospital is quite sparse and fails to convey the historical significance of Provident Hospital to Chicago's black community and the medical field. While it is easy to view Provident Hospital purely as a successful black medical metropolis, the reality is much more nuanced. Provident Hospital faced many financial struggles, and the affiliation project with the University of Chicago highlighted how white philanthropists impacted both the financial integrity and the ability of the hospital to remain in black control. Additionally, internal conflict between the leaders of Provident Hospital on how to proceed either as an integrated institution or a fully black institution presented further challenges. Yet, despite all of this Provident Hospital was able to remain a black-run institution for nearly 100 years. It remains open today run by Cook County and in partnership with the Loyola Stritch School of Medicine, still serving primarily black communities on the south side of Chicago. Today there are talks of rebuilding the hospital, yet the project has been pushed back several times with no start date in sight. The beauty of Provident Hospital is that it was the first institution of its kind and successfully resisted challenges to its existence, managing to remain black run for nearly 100 years. With my expansion to the current Wikipedia article I hope to bring to light the complexities of Provident’s history, and highlighting both the successes and adversities faced throughout the hospital’s history, and how these have affected the hospital as it continues to run today.

Now that you have compiled a bibliography, it's time to plan out how you'll improve your assigned article.

In this section, write up a concise outline of how the sources you've identified will add relevant information to your chosen article. Be sure to discuss what content gap your additions tackle and how these additions will improve the article's quality.

Consider other changes you'll make to the article, including possible deletions of irrelevant, outdated, or incorrect information, restructuring of the article to improve its readability or any other change you plan on making. This is your chance to really think about how your proposed additions will improve your chosen article and to vet your sources even further.

Note: This is not a draft. This is an outline/plan where you can think about how the sources you've identified will fill in a content gap.

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[1] Barnett, C A. “Remarkable Service Performed by Provident Hospital-Chicago Institution, Finest Voluntary Hospital Operated by Negroes.” Journal of the National Medical Association vol. 30,3 (1938): 117-20.

[2] Gamble, Vanessa Northington. “THE PROVIDENT HOSPITAL PROJECT: AN EXPERIMENT IN RACE RELATIONS AND MEDICAL EDUCATION.” Bulletin of the History of Medicine, vol. 65, no. 4, 1991, pp. 457–75. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/44442639. Accessed 18 Dec. 2023.

[3] "Provident Hospital: A Living Legacy". International Museum of Surgical Science. 2015-12-14. Retrieved 2023-12-18.

[4] "Plan to build new $240 million Provident Hospital put on hold after ouster of Cook County Health CEO". Chicago Tribune. 2020-02-04. Retrieved 2023-12-18.

[5] "Provident Hospital's revamp put on hold a third time as costs balloon; Cook County to reassess plans". Chicago Tribune. 2022-07-28. Retrieved 2023-12-18.

[6] Watkins, R C. “A new Provident Hospital.” Journal of the National Medical Association vol. 87,5 (1995): 337-8.

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