User:YOSHI6410/Nuclear explosion
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Atmospheric nuclear explosions are associated with mushroom clouds, although mushroom clouds can occur with large chemical explosions. It is possible to have an air-burst nuclear explosion without those clouds. Nuclear explosions produce radiation and radioactive debris that is harmful to humans and can cause moderate to severe skin burns, eye damage, radiation sickness, cancer and possible death depending on how far from the blast radius a person is.[1] Nuclear Explosions can also have detrimental effects on the climate, lasting from months to years. In Carl Sagan’s 1983 article, he claimed that a small-scale nuclear war could release enough particles into the atmosphere to cause the planet to cool and cause crops, animals, and agriculture to disappear across the globe; an effect named nuclear winter.[2]
[edit]Nuclear tests are experiments carried out to determine the effectiveness, yield and explosive capability of nuclear weapons. Throughout the 20th century, most nations that have developed nuclear weapons had a staged test of them. Testing nuclear weapons can yield information about how the weapons work, as well as how the weapons behave under various conditions and how structures behave when subjected to a nuclear explosion. Additionally, nuclear testing has often been used as an indicator of scientific and military strength, and many tests have been overtly political in their intention; most nuclear weapons states publicly declared their nuclear status by means of a nuclear test.
[edit]Since the Trinity test and excluding combat use, countries with nuclear weapons have detonated roughly 1,700 nuclear explosions, all but six as tests. Of these, six were peaceful nuclear explosions.
[edit]Nuclear tests have taken place at more than 60 locations across the world; some in secluded areas and others more densely populated.[3] Detonation of nuclear weapons (in a test or during war) releases radioactive fallout that concerned the public in the 1950s. This led to the Limited Test Ban Treaty of 1963 signed by the United States, Great Britain, and the Soviet Union. This treaty banned nuclear weapons testing in the atmosphere, outer space, and under water. [4] List of nuclear weapons tests has a comprehensive list of worldwide nuclear testing totals by
[edit]The health effects on humans of nuclear explosions comes from the initial shockwave, the radiation exposure, and the fallout. The initial shockwave and radiation exposure come from the immediate blast which has different effects on the health of humans depending on the distance from the center of the blast. The shockwave can rupture eardrums and lungs, can also throw people back and cause buildings to collapse.[5] Radiation exposure is delivered at the initial blast and can continue for an extended amount of time in the form of nuclear fallout. The main health effect of nuclear fallout is cancer and birth defects because radiation causes changes in cells that can either kill or make them abnormal.[6]
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[edit]References
[edit]- ^ "CDC Radiation Emergencies | Frequently Asked Questions About a Nuclear Blast". www.cdc.gov. 2019-04-22. Retrieved 2021-04-29.
- ^ Rubinson, Paul (2014-01-02). "The global effects of nuclear winter: science and antinuclear protest in the United States and the Soviet Union during the 1980s". Cold War History. 14 (1): 47–69. doi:10.1080/14682745.2012.759560. ISSN 1468-2745.
- ^ "The legacy of nuclear testing". ICAN. Retrieved 2021-04-29.
- ^ "Our Documents - Test Ban Treaty (1963)". www.ourdocuments.gov. Retrieved 2021-04-29.
- ^ "Effects of Nuclear Earth-Penetrator and Other Weapons". 2005-09-06. doi:10.17226/11282.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - ^ "Effects to the Human Body From Nuclear Fallout". large.stanford.edu. Retrieved 2021-04-29.