User:Y-S.Ko/Wikipedia course/Medical/Hematology

v t e Human homeostasis
Blood composition	Blood sugar Osmoregulation Blood pressure Renin–angiotensin system Acid–base Fluid balance Hemostasis Proteostasis
Other	Predictive Thermoregulation

Myeloid blood cells and plasma

Hematopoiesis

Myelopoiesis
(CFU-GEMM)

CFU-GM

Granulopoiesis Myeloblast Promyelocyte Myelocyte Metamyelocyte Band cell
Monocytopoiesis Monoblast Promonocyte

MEP

Thrombopoiesis Megakaryoblast Promegakaryocyte
Erythropoiesis Proerythroblast Normoblast Reticulocyte

General

Extramedullary hematopoiesis

Myeloid tissue

Granulocytes

Monocytes

Macrophages	Histiocytes Kupffer cells Alveolar macrophage Microglia Osteoclasts Epithelioid cells giant cells Langhans giant cells Foreign-body giant cell Touton giant cells
Other	Antigen-presenting cells Dendritic cells Langerhans cell CFU-DL Monoblast MPS

Platelets

Red blood cells

Immune response

Other

Precursor cells
Myelomonocyte

Other

v t e Hematology blood tests
Complete blood count	Hemoglobin Hematocrit Red blood cell count Red blood cell indices Mean corpuscular hemoglobin Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration Mean corpuscular volume Red blood cell distribution width White blood cell count White blood cell differential Absolute neutrophil count Platelet count Mean platelet volume Reticulocyte count Reticulocyte index
Other tests of red blood cells	Blood volume Total blood volume (TBV) Plasma volume (PV) Red cell volume (RCV) Fetal hemoglobin Apt–Downey test Kleihauer–Betke test Hemoglobinopathy testing Hemoglobin electrophoresis Sickle solubility test Mentzer index Erythrocyte sedimentation rate Haptoglobin Monocyte distribution width (MDW) Osmotic fragility
Coagulation	Clotting factors Prothrombin time Partial thromboplastin time Thrombin time Activated clotting time Fibrinogen Bleeding time animal enzyme Reptilase time Ecarin clotting time Dilute Russell's viper venom time Thrombin generation assay Calibrated automated thrombogram ST Genesia-based test Thromboelastography Thrombodynamics test Overall hemostatic potential Coagulation activation markers Prothrombin fragments 1+2 Thrombin–antithrombin complex Fibrinopeptide A Fibrin monomers Activated protein C–protein C inhibitor Fibrinolysis Euglobulin lysis time D-Dimer Plasmin-α₂-antiplasmin complex Von Willebrand factor Ristocetin-induced platelet aggregation Activated protein C resistance test aPTT-based activated protein C resistance test ETP-based activated protein C resistance test
Other	Blood film Blood viscosity Nitro blue tetrazolium chloride test Flow cytometry Immunophenotyping

Diseases of red blood cells

↑

Polycythemia	Polycythemia vera

↓

Anemia

Nutritional

Micro-: Iron-deficiency anemia
- Plummer–Vinson syndrome

Macro-: Megaloblastic anemia
- Pernicious anemia

Hemolytic
(mostly normo-)

Hereditary

Acquired

AIHA	Warm antibody autoimmune hemolytic anemia Cold agglutinin disease Donath–Landsteiner hemolytic anemia Paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria Mixed autoimmune hemolytic anemia

membrane
- paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria

Hemolytic disease of the newborn

Aplastic
(mostly normo-)

Hereditary: Fanconi anemia

Diamond–Blackfan anemia

Blood tests

Other

Disorders of bleeding and clotting

Clotting

By cause	Clotting factors Antithrombin III deficiency Protein C deficiency Activated protein C resistance Protein S deficiency Factor V Leiden Prothrombin G20210A Platelets Sticky platelet syndrome Thrombocytosis Essential thrombocythaemia DIC Purpura fulminans Antiphospholipid syndrome
Clots	Thrombophilia Thrombus Thrombosis Virchow's triad Trousseau sign of malignancy
By site	Deep vein thrombosis Bancroft's sign Homans sign Lisker's sign Louvel's sign Lowenberg's sign Peabody's sign Pratt's sign Rose's sign Pulmonary embolism Renal vein thrombosis

Bleeding

By cause

Thrombocytopenia	Thrombocytopenic purpura: ITP Evans syndrome TM TTP Upshaw–Schulman syndrome Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia May–Hegglin anomaly
Platelet function	adhesion Bernard–Soulier syndrome aggregation Glanzmann's thrombasthenia platelet storage pool deficiency Hermansky–Pudlak syndrome Gray platelet syndrome
Clotting factor	Haemophilia A/VIII B/IX C/XI von Willebrand disease Hypoprothrombinemia/II Factor VII deficiency Factor X deficiency Factor XII deficiency Factor XIII deficiency Dysfibrinogenemia Congenital afibrinogenemia

Signs and symptoms

By site

CFU-GM/
and other granulocytes

CFU-GM

Myelocyte

AML	Acute myeloblastic leukemia M0 M1 M2 APL/M3
MP	Chronic neutrophilic leukemia

Monocyte

AML	AMoL/M5 Myeloid dendritic cell leukemia
CML	Philadelphia chromosome Accelerated phase chronic myelogenous leukemia

Myelomonocyte

AML	M4
MD-MP	Juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia

Other

Histiocytosis

CFU-Baso

AML	Acute basophilic

CFU-Eos

AML	Acute eosinophilic
MP	Chronic eosinophilic leukemia/Hypereosinophilic syndrome

MEP

CFU-Meg

MP	Essential thrombocythaemia Acute megakaryoblastic leukemia

CFU-E

AML	Erythroleukemia/M6
MP	Polycythaemia vera
MD	Refractory anemia Refractory anemia with excess of blasts Chromosome 5q deletion syndrome Sideroblastic anemia Paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria Refractory cytopenia with multilineage dysplasia

CFU-Mast

Mastocytoma	Mast cell leukemia Mast cell sarcoma Systemic mastocytosis
Mastocytosis	Diffuse cutaneous mastocytosis Erythrodermic mastocytosis Adult type of generalized eruption of cutaneous mastocytosis Urticaria pigmentosa Mast cell sarcoma Solitary mastocytoma
Systemic mastocytosis	Xanthelasmoidal mastocytosis

Multiple/unknown

AML	Acute panmyelosis with myelofibrosis Myeloid sarcoma
MP	Primary myelofibrosis Biphenotypic acute leukaemia

Antithrombotics (thrombolytics, anticoagulants and antiplatelet drugs) (B01)

Antiplatelet drugs

Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors	Abciximab Eptifibatide Orbofiban Roxifiban Sibrafiban^§ Tirofiban
ADP receptor/P2Y₁₂ inhibitors	Thienopyridines Clopidogrel Prasugrel Ticlopidine Nucleotide/nucleoside analogs Cangrelor Elinogrel Ticagrelor
Prostaglandin analogue (PGI2)	Beraprost Iloprost Prostacyclin Treprostinil
COX inhibitors	Acetylsalicylic acid/Aspirin^# Aloxiprin Carbasalate calcium Indobufen Triflusal
Thromboxane inhibitors	Thromboxane synthase inhibitors Dipyridamole (+ aspirin) Picotamide Terbogrel Receptor antagonists Terbogrel Terutroban^§
Phosphodiesterase inhibitors	Cilostazol Dipyridamole Triflusal
Other	Cloricromen Ditazole Vorapaxar

Anticoagulants

Vitamin K antagonists
(inhibit II, VII, IX, X)

Factor Xa inhibitors
(with some II inhibition)

Heparin group/ glycosaminoglycans/ (bind antithrombin)	Low-molecular-weight heparin Bemiparin Certoparin Dalteparin Enoxaparin Nadroparin Parnaparin Reviparin Tinzaparin Oligosaccharides Fondaparinux Idraparinux^§ Heparinoids Danaparoid Dermatan sulfate Sulodexide
Direct Xa inhibitors ("xabans")	Apixaban Betrixaban Darexaban^§ Edoxaban Otamixaban^§ Rivaroxaban

Direct thrombin (IIa) inhibitors

Bivalent: Hirudin
- Bivalirudin
- Desirudin
- Lepirudin^‡
Univalent: Argatroban
Dabigatran
Efegatran
Inogatran^§
Melagatran^‡
Ximelagatran^‡

Other

Thrombolytic drugs/
fibrinolytics

Plasminogen activators: r-tPA
- Alteplase^#
- Reteplase
- Tenecteplase
- Desmoteplase^†
UPA
- Saruplase
- Urokinase
Anistreplase
Monteplase
Streptokinase^#
Other serine endopeptidases: Ancrod^‡
Brinase
Fibrinolysin

Non-medicinal

^#WHO-EM
^‡Withdrawn from market
Clinical trials:
- ^†Phase III
- ^§Never to phase III

Antihemorrhagics (B02)

Antihemorrhagics
(coagulation)

Systemic

Vitamin K	Phytomenadione (K₁) Menadione (K₃)
Coagulation factors	intrinsic: VIII/(Damoctocog alfa pegol, Efanesoctocog alfa, Efmoroctocog alfa, Moroctocog alfa, Susoctocog alfa, Turoctocog alfa, Valoctocogene roxaparvovec) IX/(Fidanacogene elaparvovec, Nonacog alfa) extrinsic: VII/Eptacog alfa common: X II/Thrombin I/Fibrinogen XIII/Catridecacog combinations: Prothrombin complex concentrate (II, VII, IX, X, protein C and S)
Other systemic	Batroxobin Carbazochrome Concizumab Etamsylate Fostamatinib Marstacimab thrombopoietin receptor agonist Romiplostim Avatrombopag Eltrombopag Lusutrombopag Rafutrombopag

Local

Antifibrinolytics

v t e Antianemic preparations (B03)
Erythropoietins	Erythropoietin Darbepoetin alfa Methoxy polyethylene glycol-epoetin beta Peginesatide
Iron supplements	Ferric hydroxide Ferric maltol Ferrous ascorbate Ferrous aspartate Ferrous carbonate Ferrous chloride Ferric derisomaltose Ferrous fumarate Ferrous gluconate Ferrous glycine sulfate Ferrous iodine Ferrous succinate Ferrous sulfate Ferrous tartrate Iron sucrose Sodium ferric gluconate complex
Vitamin B12 and folic acid supplements	Cyanocobalamin Cyanocobalamin tannin complex Hydroxocobalamin Cobamamide Mecobalamin Folic acid
HIF prolyl-hydroxylase inhibitors	Daprodustat Desidustat Enarodustat Molidustat Roxadustat Vadadustat
Other	Luspatercept

v t e Blood substitutes and perfusion solutions (B05)
Blood and related products (B05A)	Serum albumin Dextran Gelatin agents Hemoglobin crosfumaril Hemoglobin raffimer Hydroxyethyl starch Erythrocytes Thrombocytes Blood plasma Stem cells from umbilical cord blood
Intravenous solutions (B05B)	Amino acids Lipid emulsions Carbohydrates Protein hydrolysates Electrolytes Trometamol Mannitol Carbamide
Irrigating solutions (B05C)	Cetylpyridinium Chlorhexidine Nitrofural Sulfamethizole Taurolidine Mandelic acid Noxytiolin Ethacridine lactate Neomycin Sodium chloride Sodium citrate Magnesium citrate Sodium bicarbonate Glucose Sorbitol Glycine Mannitol
Others (B05D, B05X)	Peritoneal dialysis solutions Potassium chloride Sodium bicarbonate Sodium chloride Ammonium chloride Magnesium sulfate Potassium phosphate Calcium chloride Sodium acetate Sodium phosphate Magnesium phosphate Magnesium chloride Zinc chloride Hydrochloric acid Sodium glycerophosphate Potassium lactate Cardioplegia solutions Potassium acetate Arginine Alanyl glutamine Lysine

v t e Other hematological agents (B06)
Enzymes (B06AA)	Bromelain Chymotrypsin Desoxyribonuclease Fibrinolysin (+desoxyribonuclease) Hyaluronidase Streptokinase Trypsin
Drugs used in hereditary angioedema (B06AC)	Berotralstat C1-inhibitor Conestat alfa Ecallantide Icatibant Lanadelumab
Drugs used in sickle cell disease and beta thalassemia (B06AX)	Betibeglogene autotemcel Crizanlizumab Exagamglogene autotemcel Lovotibeglogene autotemcel Mitapivat Voxelotor
Others	Hemin