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543 seats in the Lok Sabha 272 seats needed for a majority | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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 Seats by constituency. As this is a FPTP election, seat totals are not determined proportional to each party's total vote share, but instead by the plurality in each constituency. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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General elections are expected to be held in India by May 2024 to elect the members of the 18th Lok Sabha.
Background
[edit]The tenure of Lok Sabha is scheduled to end on 16 June 2024.[1] The previous general elections were held in April–May 2019. After the election, National Democratic Alliance, led by Bharatiya Janata Party, formed the union government, with Narendra Modi continuing as Prime Minister.[2]
Electoral system
[edit]All 543 elected MPs are elected from single-member constituencies using first-past-the-post voting.[3] The 104th amendment to the constitution abolished the two seats that were reserved for the Anglo-Indian community.[4]
Eligible voters must be Indian citizens, 18 years or older, an ordinary resident of the polling area of the constituency and registered to vote (name included in the electoral rolls), possess a valid voter identification card issued by the Election Commission of India or equivalent.[5] Some people convicted of electoral or other offences are barred from voting.[6]
Article 83 of the Constitution of India requires elections to the Lok Sabha be held once every five years.[7]
Parties and alliances
[edit]Most of the contesting parties are small with regional appeal. The main parties are the Bharatiya Janata Party and the Indian National Congress.
National Democratic Alliance
[edit]The National Democratic Alliance (NDA) is centre-right to right-wing political alliance led by the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP).
United Progressive Alliance
[edit]The United Progressive Alliance (UPA) is centre to centre-left political alliance led by the Indian National Congress (INC).
Congress will contest the election with the state-level alliances like Mahajot (Assam), Mahagathbandhan (Bihar), Mahagathbandhan (Jharkhand), United Democratic Front (Kerala), Maha Vikas Aghadi (Maharashtra), Secular Progressive Alliance (Tamil Nadu) and Sanjukta Morcha (West Bengal).[8][9][10][11][12][13][14]
Out of the alliances mentioned above, INC will lead Mahajot (Assam) and United Democratic Front (Kerala).
Left parties
[edit]At the national level, five political parties including Communist Party of India (Marxist), Communist Party of India, Revolutionary Socialist Party, Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) Liberation and All India Forward Bloc have given joint calls for action and struggles on various issues and experessed their positions of fighting together.[15][16]
- Communist Party of India (Marxist)
Communist Party of India (Marxist) will form state-specific alliances with left, democratic and secular parties to isolate and defeat the BJP.[17][18] CPIM General Secretary Sitaram Yechury said that his party will ally with like-minded secular and democratic parties in various states like Rashtriya Janata Dal in Bihar and Samajwadi Party in Uttar Pradesh and national level political front will take shape only after the general election.[17][19] CPIM Polit Bureau member and Chief Minister of Kerala Pinarayi Vijayan confirmed about CPIM's plan of forming state-level alliances and hinted an alliance with Bharat Rashtra Samithi in Telangana.[20]
CPI(M) will contest election being a member of Mahajot (Assam), Mahagathbandhan (Bihar), Left Democratic Front (Kerala), Secular Progressive Alliance (Tamil Nadu), Secular Democratic Forces (Tripura), Samajwadi Gathbandhan (Uttar Pradesh) and Sanjukta Morcha (West Bengal).[8][9][11][13][14][19]
It will lead Left Democratic Front (Kerala), Secular Democratic Forces (Tripura) and Sanjukta Morcha (West Bengal) among the aforesaid alliances.
- Samajwadi Party
Samajwadi Party will lead an alliance in its stronghold Uttar Pradesh. Unlike other Lok Sabha elections, SP along with its allies may not support INC candidates in Amethi and Raebareli as the alliance is planning to field candidates in those constituencies.[21][22]
- Janata Dal (Secular)
On 14 April 2023, Janata Dal (Secular) supremo H.D. Deve Gowda said that his party will ally with Left parties especially the CPI(M) in the election.[23]
Others
[edit]- Bahujan Samaj Party
On 15 January 2023, Bahujan Samaj Party leader Mayawati announced that her party will contest the election on its own strength.[24]
- Regional parties
Following a defeat in Sagardighi Assembly constituency by-election to the Left-Congress alliance in West Bengal on 2 March 2023, All India Trinamool Congress ruled out any alliance for the Lok Sabha election and AITC supremo and Chief Minister of West Bengal Mamata Banerjee said that her party will get the support of the people to fight BJP, INC and CPI(M).[25]
Candidates
[edit]National parties
[edit]| Parties | States/UTs | Seats contested | Seats won | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bharatiya Janata Party | ||||||||
| Indian National Congress | ||||||||
| Communist Party of India (Marxist) | Andhra Pradesh | TBD | TBD | TBD | ||||
| Assam | TBD | TBD | ||||||
| Bihar | TBD | TBD | ||||||
| Himachal Pradesh | TBD | TBD | ||||||
| Jharkhand | TBD | TBD | ||||||
| Karnataka | TBD | TBD | ||||||
| Kerala | TBD | TBD | ||||||
| Lakshadweep | TBD | TBD | ||||||
| Madhya Pradesh | TBD | TBD | ||||||
| Maharashtra | TBD | TBD | ||||||
| Odisha | TBD | TBD | ||||||
| Punjab | TBD | TBD | ||||||
| Rajasthan | TBD | TBD | ||||||
| Tamil Nadu | TBD | TBD | ||||||
| Telangana | TBD | TBD | ||||||
| Tripura | TBD | TBD | ||||||
| Uttarakhand | TBD | TBD | ||||||
| Uttar Pradesh | TBD | TBD | ||||||
| West Bengal | TBD | TBD | ||||||
| Bahujan Samaj Party | ||||||||
| National People's Party | ||||||||
| Aam Aadmi Party | ||||||||
State parties
[edit]Campaigns
[edit]Bharatiya Janata Party
[edit]The national executive meeting of BJP held on 16 and 17 January 2023 saw the party reaffirm its faith in Prime Minister Narendra Modi and extend the tenure of BJP national president J. P. Nadda.
Charting out the BJP’s strategy for the upcoming polls, PM Modi in his speech to party workers said they should reach out to every section of society, including the marginalised and minority communities, “without electoral considerations”.[27]
Indian National Congress
[edit]Senior Congress leader and former President of the Indian National Congress Rahul Gandhi was leading the movement named Bharat Jodo Yatra, by encouraging the party cadre and the public to walk from Kanyakumari at the southern tip of India in Tamilnadu to the union territory of Jammu and Kashmir, a journey of 3,570 kilometres (2,220 miles) over 150 days, which started from 7 September 2022 and ended on 30 January 2023 - a journey which took 146 days.[28]
Congress announced the launch of Hath se Hath Jodo Yatra from 26 January 2023. Congress MP Jairam Ramesh said "The goal is to distribute the charge sheet against the BJP along with Rahul Gandhi’s letter from door to door".[29]
Communist Party of India (Marxist)
[edit]- Andhra Pradesh : On 14 April 2023, CPI(M) along with CPI started a campaign named Pracha Bheri against the Central government's policies.[30]
- Bihar : The CPI(M) Bihar state committee organised a state-wide campaign at Gandhi Maidan in Patna as part of nationwide campaign during 14 September to 22 September 2022 against the incumbent central government.[31] CPIM took part in an “oust-Modi campaign” starting from Purnia on 25 February 2023 as a part of Mahagathbandhan in Bihar.[32]
- Kerala : The Kerala unit of CPI(M) started 21 day-long campaign from 1 January 2023.[33] On 13 January 2023, CPIM Kerala unit announced state-wide march led by Polit Bureau member and state secretary M. V. Govindan against the central government.[34] The Kerala CPIM has also announced a series of agitations against the NDA government at the centre starting from 20 January 2023.[35] CPIM has planned to launch a state-wide campaign in March to highlight the centre's neglect of Kerala and its trespasses on federalism and secularism.[36] On 20 February 2023, Pinarayi Vijayan inaugurated statewide Janakeeya Prathirodha Jatha (People's Resistance Yatra) led by M. V. Govindan to expose the attacks on federalism and threats posed by the RSS-backed BJP government to the constitutional values of the nation.[37] The rally, that covered 140 constituencies, concluded with a public meeting on 18 March 2023 in Thiruvananthapuram which was inaugurated by Sitaram Yechury.[38] The LDF government in Kerala will celebrate its second year of administration by launching a Lok Sabha election campaign across the state. People's rally will be organised in all constituencies from 25 April to 20 May 2023.[39]
- Telangana : CPI(M) Telangana State committee will organise state-wide march named Jana Chaitanya Yatra starting from 17 March 2023 in order to protest against the pro-corporate and anti-people policies of the BJP led union government. CPI(M) General Secretary Sitaram Yechury at Warangal, Polit Bureau member B.V. Raghavulu at Adilabad and another Polit Bureau member A. Vijayaraghavan at Nizamabad flagged off the rallies.[40]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ "Terms of the Houses". Election Commission of India. Retrieved 7 March 2022.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Narendra Modi sworn in as Prime Minister for second time". Tribuneindia News Service. 30 May 2019. Retrieved 7 March 2022.
- ^ Electoral system Archived 6 May 2017 at the Wayback Machine IPU
- ^ "House ratifies quota for SC/STs in Assembly, Lok Sabha". The Hindu. Special Correspondent. 10 January 2020. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 19 January 2021.
{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: others (link) - ^ "Lok Sabha Election 2019 Phase 3 voting: How to vote without voter ID card". Business Today. 23 April 2019. Archived from the original on 24 May 2019.
- ^ "General Voters". Systematic Voters' Education and Electoral Participation. Archived from the original on 4 January 2019. Retrieved 4 January 2019.
- ^ "The Constitution of India Update" (PDF). Government of India. Retrieved 4 February 2021.
- ^ a b "Assam Congress initiates grand alliance move against BJP for 2024 Lok Sabha polls". Retrieved 11 March 2023.
- ^ a b "Aiming 2024 polls: Mahagathbandhan to hold rally in Bihar's Purnia on Feb. 25, Amit Shah to visit State on Feb. 22". The Hindu. Retrieved 27 February 2023.
- ^ "Congress-JMM relations smooth, focus on 2024 Lok Sabha polls: Avinash Pande". Retrieved 27 February 2023.
- ^ a b "Pinarayi sets agenda for general elections in Kerala; LDF, UDF aim to consolidate anti-BJP votes". Retrieved 27 February 2023.
- ^ "Sharad Pawar says will ensure MVA contests Assembly, Lok Sabha elections together". Retrieved 6 March 2023.
- ^ a b "Ensure win in all 40 Lok Sabha seats in Tamil Nadu, Puducherry: CM MK Stalin to cadres". Retrieved 27 February 2023.
- ^ a b CPI(M) WEST BENGAL [@CPIM_WESTBENGAL] (2 March 2023). "Press Conference" (Tweet). Retrieved 4 March 2023 – via Twitter.
- ^ "Left Parties" (PDF).
- ^ "Call of the 24th Party Congress". New Age. 5 November 2022. Retrieved 20 November 2022.
In the inaugural session of the 24th Party Congress leaders of CPI(M), CPI(ML), Forward Block were present and reiterated their positions on left unity. RSP, not present due to their organizational pre-occupations shared the same understanding of fighting together.
- ^ a b "CPI (M) will go for State-wise alliances: Sitaram Yechury". Retrieved 4 February 2023.
- ^ "All secular forces will unite against BJP for Lok Sabha election: Sitaram Yechury". Retrieved 8 February 2023.
- ^ a b "CPM focusing on 5 poll-bound States to build anti-BJP front: Yechury". Retrieved 4 February 2023.
He made it clear that the party would form an alliance with like-minded parties strong enough to defeat BJP in their states — like RJD in Bihar and SP in UP.
- ^ "National-level alliance for 2024 unlikely: Kerala CM". 3 February 2023. Retrieved 8 February 2023.
- ^ "Will contest all 80 Lok Sabha seats with our alliances in 2024: Akhilesh". Retrieved 5 March 2023.
- ^ "Akhilesh Yadav indicates Samajwadi Party may contest Amethi in 2024". Retrieved 7 March 2023.
- ^ "JD(S) will stand with Left parties for 2024 LS polls: Deve Gowda". 15 April 2023.
- ^ "BSP To Contest Assembly, Lok Sabha Polls "On Its Own Strength": Mayyawati". Retrieved 8 March 2023.
- ^ "'Our alliance will be with people': Mamata Banerjee deals blow to grand Oppn alliance hopes". Retrieved 8 March 2023.
- ^ "Assam: BPF Chief Mohilary rules out alliance with UPPL, to contest Lok Sabha elections alone in Udalguri and Kokrajhar". 28 April 2022.
- ^ "BJP's big meet ahead of 9 state polls, 2024 Lok Sabha elections: Here's what happened". The Indian Express. 18 January 2023. Retrieved 25 January 2023.
- ^ "Rahul launches yatra: Tricolour under attack, BJP wants to divide country on religious lines". The Indian Express. 7 September 2022. Retrieved 25 January 2023.
- ^ "Congress launches 'Hath se Hath Jodo' campaign logo". Hindustan Times. 21 January 2023. Retrieved 25 January 2023.
- ^ "Vijayawada: CPI, CPM launch Prachara Bheri against Central govt". 15 April 2023.
- ^ "All left, secular forces in India will come together against PM Modi in 2024 polls: Sitaram Yechury at Patna rally". Retrieved 24 January 2023.
- ^ "Bihar's grand alliance to launch Mission 2024 on February 25". MSN.com. Retrieved 10 February 2023.
- ^ "Target 10, Kerala CPI(M) to hit the road for 2024 LS polls from Jan 1". newkerala.com. 22 December 2022. Retrieved 15 January 2023.
- ^ "Kerala's ruling CPI-M announces state-wide yatra against Centre". CanIndia. Retrieved 15 January 2023.
- ^ "CPI(M) announces mass campaign in Kerala against Central policies". 22 December 2022.
- ^ "Kerala CM Pinarayi sets the tone for LDF'S 2024 Lok Sabha campaign". Retrieved 15 February 2023.
- ^ "CPI(M)'s Kerala Yatra to 'Expose Threats' of BJP Regime". Retrieved 21 February 2023.
- ^ "Peoples Resistance Rally", The official Twitter handle of the Communist Party of India (Marxist), retrieved 18 March 2023
- ^ "LDF govt to launch LS poll campaign on 2nd anniversary; 5,000 people to participate in statewide rallies". onmanorama. 5 April 2023.
- ^ "Telangana: CPI(M)'s Jana Chaitanya Yatra to start on March 17". Retrieved 4 March 2023.
Notes
[edit]- ^ The election for the Vellore constituency was delayed and took place on 5 August 2019.
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| Prime ministerial candidates |
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| Parties and leaders |
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| Campaign | |||||||||
| By state/UT |
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