User:Vkmoua/sandbox

I found some links to be credible, but there was an "Error" link, such as the United Nations source. Made some minor changes and word edit on the Community Development wiki. This wiki is overall very informative with facts and little to no bias at all. Most sources are from university presses and/or from books about community development; therefore, their information is researched based.

Week 2: The main community development wiki is informative. The new article I am reviewing is called Community Film. This new article has a few sections where there is no citing of the sources, specifically, "Questions" and "Global dimensions..." sections. Most of the cited sources come from presses from countries such as US and UK. The main wiki page is well written to have little to no biased and written from a neutral standpoint. I have added a citation onto the Community film wikipedia under "Global dimensions and an open world."

Week 3-4: I have assigned Legacy Costs. I am researching for any peer reviewed articles about this topic or any unbiased information. I plan to write as much possible about this topic as a way to further contribute to this short wikipedia page.

Legacy Costs:

- Citing from a book "An Economic history of the American Steel Industry."

"The second major problem faced by the government and the steel firms in the 1990s was the funding for the defined benefit pension funds. In 1983, the federal government set up the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation to insure that pensioners receive a pension no matter what the fortunes of the company for which they worked....LTV went bankrupt in 1986 and PBGC took over its pension payments.....[Rather] the major concern in the 1990s was the difference in liabilities between the firms who had defined benefit plans and the ones who had defined contribution pension plans....The costs of these pensions, along with medical benefits for retired workers, were called legacy costs. 'These legacy costs, primarily for pensions and retirees' health care benefits, significantly hinder the competitiveness of the integrated producers....legacy costs cannot be managed or invested away.'

In the 1990s, steel firms were guaranteed pension funds. Workers had health-care benefits through these steel firms; however, there was an issue in funding for the defined benefit pension funds. In 1986, PBGC took over LTV's pension payments after LTV went bankrupt. The main apprehension was the liabilities between the firms with defined benefit plans and the firms with contribution pension plans. After this problem, many workers believed the old firms had to pay the costs of the pensions, also known as legacy costs.

- Citing from an Institute edu peer review journal article

[summary of what legacy costs has done ]

https://www.brookings.edu/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/pension-costs-local-finances-gordon.pdf

The Lincoln Institute of Land Policy has conducted research on how much money is spent on pension plans from state and local government in their published 2012 findings. This research used records from Boston College Center for Retirement Research with a Public Plans Database (PPD). The information needed to be counted for the calculation are age and salary histories of members, retirement ages, asset earnings, etc. From article's database, researchers came to the conclusion that pensions are underfunded because governments do not plan enough funds to insure liabilities expenses in that year.