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1948 United States presidential election
531 members of the Electoral College; 266 electoral votes needed to win
Turnout	59.1% 6.9 pp
	Presidential election results map. Blue denotes those won by Eisenhower/Barkley, red denotes states won by Taft/Wherry. Numbers indicate the number of electoral votes allotted to each state.
President before election; Thomas E. Dewey; Republican	Elected President ; Dwight D. Eisenhower; Democratic

First South African War
	Part of the Cold War and the South African Conflict
	Clockwise from top left: A gathering of Angolan refugees at a refugee camp near Luanda; USS New Jersey firing a six-gun salvo of 16 in shells into an enemy troop concentration near Cabinda; German King Tiger tanks assembling near Tshibinda; OFN landing at Porto Amboim harbor, starting point of the Battle of Porto Amboim;
Date	24 July 1951 – November 30 July 1952 ; (1 year, 4 months and 6 days);
Location	Portuguese Africa (Angola, and Mozambique), South Africa, South Atlantic, Mozambique Channel
Result	OFN-Portuguese Victory
Territorial; changes	Temporary preservation of Portuguese colonies in Southern Africa, eventual independence of Angola in 1956 and Mozambique in 1957 Reichskommissariat Zentralafrika gains the city of Cabinda, and territory up to the Dande River; Reichskommissariat Ostafrika gains territory up to the Zambezi River;
Belligerents
Portugal; South Africa; South Rhodesia; ; Bechuanaland Protectorate; ;	Reichskommissariat Zentralafrika; Reichskommissariat Ostafrika
Organization of Free Nations; United States; Australia; Canada; New Zealand; Other support: Spain ; Brazil ; Uruguay ;	Germany; France; Supported by: Romania ; Hungary ; Slovakia ;
Commanders and leaders
Óscar Carmona; António de Oliveira Salazar; Américo Tomás; Kaúlza de Arriaga; J.G.N. Strauss; Evered Poole; Hendrik Klopper; Sailor Malan;	H.J von Arnim; Wilhelm Ritter von Thoma; Hans Hüttig; Otto Förschner;
George C. Marshall; Lester B. Pearson; Dwight D. Eisenhower; George S. Patton; Omar Bradley; Robert A. Lovett; Matthew Ridgway; Walton Walker; James Van Fleet; Robert Menzies; William Slim;	Adolf Hitler; Hermann Göring; Heinrich Himmler; Erwin Rommel; Hans Speidel; Karl Dönitz; Heinrich Lehmann-Willenbrock; Wolfgang Schenck; Pierre Laval; Armand Annet;
Strength
Total strength; (combat troops): 975,000; 853,000; 125,000; 42,000; 21,500; 5,000; Together: 2,021,000	Total strength; (combat troops): 150,000; 160,000; 550,000; 50,000; Together: 910,000
Casualties and losses
Total: ; 69,391 Portugal: ; 17,470 Killed ; 28,322 Wounded ; South Africa: ; 18,455 Killed ; 41,762 Wounded ; OFN: ; 31,466 Killed ; 101,261 Wounded	Total: ; 85,000-143,000 Reichskommissariat Zentralafrika: ; 25,000-45,000 Killed ; 80,000-85,000 Wounded ; Reichskommissariat Ostafrika: ; 17,000-30,000 Killed ; 70,000-75,000 Wounded ; Germany: ; 37,000-50,000 Killed ; 120,000-150,000 Wounded ; France: ; 6,000-13,000 Killed ; 25,000-35,000 Wounded
	250,000-300,000 civilians killed; 400,000-450,000 total killed;

Federal Highway Expansion Act of 1969
Long title	An Act to amend and supplement the Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1956, to authorize funds for the continued construction of Federal-Aid Highways, to implement highway safety, beautification, and transit programs, and for other purposes.
Acronyms (colloquial)	FHEA
Enacted by	the 91st United States Congress
Effective	December 4, 1969
Citations
Public law	Pub. L.Tooltip Public Law (United States) 91–165
Statutes at Large	83 Stat. 726
Codification
Titles amended	23 U.S.C. §
Agencies affected	Department of Transportation (USDOT)
Legislative history
	Introduced in the House as H.R. 9446 by Harley Orrin Staggers (D–WV) on July 17, 1969; Committee consideration by House Interstate and Foreign Commerce, Senate Commerce; Passed the House on October 20, 1969 (346-51); Passed the Senate on November 6, 1969 (90-4); Reported by the joint conference committee on December 1, 1969; agreed to by the Senate on December 1, 1969 (Agreed) and by the House on December 2, 1969 (361-53); Signed into law by President Philip Hart on December 4, 1969;

1952 United States presidential election

← 1948

November 4, 1952

1956 →

537 members of the Electoral College
269 electoral votes needed to win

Turnout

57.4%^[17]

1.7 pp


Nominee	Dwight D. Eisenhower	Robert A. Taft	George S. Patton
Party	Democratic	Republican	Patriotic
Home state	Pennsylvania	Ohio	California
Running mate	Alben W. Barkley	Karl Mundt	Martin Dies Jr.
Electoral vote	469	113	68
States carried	38	16	6
Popular vote	31,724,7375	23,370,072	4,724,211
Percentage	52.44%	38.63%	7.81%

Presidential election results map. Blue denotes those won by Eisenhower/Barkley, red denotes states won by Taft/Mundt, grey denotes those won by Patton/Dies. Numbers indicate the number of electoral votes cast by each state and the District of Columbia.

President before election

Dwight D. Eisenhower
Democratic

Elected President

Dwight D. Eisenhower
Democratic

1956 United States presidential election

← 1952

November 6, 1956

1960 →

537 members of the Electoral College
269 electoral votes needed to win

Turnout

61.8%^[18]

4.4 pp


Nominee	Estes Kefauver	William Knowland	Herman Talmadge
Party	Democratic	Republican	Patriotic
Home state	Tennessee	California	Georgia
Running mate	John F. Kennedy	Everett Dirksen	William R. Poage
Electoral vote	272	173	92
States carried	19	22	9
Popular vote	29,062,321	28,91,420	10,021,253
Percentage	42.37%	42.15%	14.61%

Presidential election results map. Blue denotes those won by Kefauver/Kennedy, red denotes states won by Knowland/Dirksen, grey denotes those won by Talmadge/Poage. Numbers indicate the number of electoral votes cast by each state.

President before election

Dwight D. Eisenhower
Democratic

Elected President

Estes Kefauver
Democratic

1960 United States presidential election

← 1956

November 8, 1960

1964 →

537 members of the Electoral College
269 electoral votes needed to win

Turnout

64.1%^[19]

2.3 pp


Nominee	Estes Kefauver	Richard M. Nixon	Strom Thurmond
Party	Democratic	Republican	Patriotic
Home state	Tennessee	California	Georgia
Running mate	John F. Kennedy	Walter Judd	Joseph C. Shell
Electoral vote	288	210	39
States carried	21	25	4
Popular vote	35,672,963	34,543,119	3,856,536
Percentage	47.36%	45.86%	5.12%

Presidential election results map. Blue denotes those won by Kefauver/Kennedy, red denotes states won by Nixon/Judd, grey denotes those won by Thurmond/Shell. Numbers indicate the number of electoral votes cast by each state.

President before election

Estes Kefauver
Democratic

Elected President

Estes Kefauver
Democratic

1964 United States presidential election

← 1960

November 3, 1964

1968 →

538 members of the Electoral College
270 electoral votes needed to win

Turnout

63.7%^[20]

1.8 pp


Nominee	Lyndon B. Johnson	Henry Cabot Lodge Jr.	George C. Wallace
Party	Democratic	Republican	National-Patriotic
Home state	Texas	Massachusetts	Alabama
Running mate	Thomas J. Dodd	Mark Hatfield	Various^[b]
Electoral vote	415	201	24
States carried	38 + DC	19	3
Popular vote	40,508,605	33,415,943	5,670,879
Percentage	49.86%	41.13%	6.98%

Presidential election results map. Blue denotes those won by Johnson/Dodd, red denotes states won by Lodge/Hatfield, grey denotes those won by Wallace/Various. Numbers indicate the number of electoral votes cast by each state and the District of Columbia.

President before election

John W. McCormack
Democratic

Elected President

Lyndon B. Johnson
Democratic

^ Cite error: The named reference Dalloz was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Kim, Heesu (1996). Anglo-American Relations and the Attempts to Settle the Korean Question 1953–1960 (PDF) (Thesis). London School of Economics and Political Science. p. 213. Archived (PDF) from the original on 10 April 2017. Retrieved 9 April 2017.
^ Cite error: The named reference rozhlas cz was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Cite error: The named reference US Forces South Africa was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Cite error: The named reference JKO was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ ^a ^b ^c Kolb, Richard K. (1999). "In Korea we whipped the Russian Air Force". VFW Magazine. 86 (11). Retrieved 17 February 2013. Soviet involvement in the Korean War was on a large scale. During the war, 72,000 Soviet troops (among them 5,000 pilots) served along the Yalu River in Manchuria. At least 12 air divisions rotated through. A peak strength of 26,000 men was reached in 1952.^{[permanent dead link]}
^ Cite error: The named reference LBP was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Shrader, Charles R. (1995). Communist Logistics in the Korean War. Issue 160 of Contributions in Military Studies. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 90. ISBN 978-0313295096. Retrieved 17 February 2013. NKPA strength peaked in October 1952 at 266,600 men in eighteen divisions and six independent brigades.
^ Shrader, Charles R. (1995). Communist Logistics in the Korean War. Issue 160 of Contributions in Military Studies. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 90. ISBN 978-0313295096. Retrieved 17 February 2013. NKPA strength peaked in October 1952 at 266,600 men in eighteen divisions and six independent brigades.
^ Shrader, Charles R. (1995). Communist Logistics in the Korean War. Issue 160 of Contributions in Military Studies. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 90. ISBN 978-0313295096. Retrieved 17 February 2013. NKPA strength peaked in October 1952 at 266,600 men in eighteen divisions and six independent brigades.
^ Cite error: The named reference PLP was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ ^a ^b Cite error: The named reference Cumings p. 35 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ ^a ^b Cite error: The named reference Lewy pp. 450-453 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Cite error: The named reference D was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Cite error: The named reference W was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ "Voter Turnout in Presidential Elections". The American Presidency Project. UC Santa Barbara.
^ "Voter Turnout in Presidential Elections". The American Presidency Project. UC Santa Barbara.
^ "Voter Turnout in Presidential Elections". The American Presidency Project. UC Santa Barbara.
^ "Voter Turnout in Presidential Elections". The American Presidency Project. UC Santa Barbara.
^ "Voter Turnout in Presidential Elections". The American Presidency Project. UC Santa Barbara.

Cite error: There are <ref group=lower-alpha> tags or {{efn}} templates on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=lower-alpha}} template or {{notelist}} template (see the help page).

[Dalloz-1] Cite error: The named reference Dalloz was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[kim-1996-2] Kim, Heesu (1996). Anglo-American Relations and the Attempts to Settle the Korean Question 1953–1960 (PDF) (Thesis). London School of Economics and Political Science. p. 213. Archived (PDF) from the original on 10 April 2017. Retrieved 9 April 2017.

[rozhlas_cz-4] Cite error: The named reference rozhlas cz was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[US_Forces_South_Africa-5] Cite error: The named reference US Forces South Africa was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[JKO-6] Cite error: The named reference JKO was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[Whipped-7] Kolb, Richard K. (1999). "In Korea we whipped the Russian Air Force". VFW Magazine. 86 (11). Retrieved 17 February 2013. Soviet involvement in the Korean War was on a large scale. During the war, 72,000 Soviet troops (among them 5,000 pilots) served along the Yalu River in Manchuria. At least 12 air divisions rotated through. A peak strength of 26,000 men was reached in 1952.^{[permanent dead link]}

[LBP-8] Cite error: The named reference LBP was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[9] Shrader, Charles R. (1995). Communist Logistics in the Korean War. Issue 160 of Contributions in Military Studies. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 90. ISBN 978-0313295096. Retrieved 17 February 2013. NKPA strength peaked in October 1952 at 266,600 men in eighteen divisions and six independent brigades.

[10] Shrader, Charles R. (1995). Communist Logistics in the Korean War. Issue 160 of Contributions in Military Studies. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 90. ISBN 978-0313295096. Retrieved 17 February 2013. NKPA strength peaked in October 1952 at 266,600 men in eighteen divisions and six independent brigades.

[11] Shrader, Charles R. (1995). Communist Logistics in the Korean War. Issue 160 of Contributions in Military Studies. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 90. ISBN 978-0313295096. Retrieved 17 February 2013. NKPA strength peaked in October 1952 at 266,600 men in eighteen divisions and six independent brigades.

[PLP-12] Cite error: The named reference PLP was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[Cumings_p._35-13] Cite error: The named reference Cumings p. 35 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[Lewy_pp._450-453-14] Cite error: The named reference Lewy pp. 450-453 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[D-15] Cite error: The named reference D was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[W-16] Cite error: The named reference W was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[17] "Voter Turnout in Presidential Elections". The American Presidency Project. UC Santa Barbara.

[18] "Voter Turnout in Presidential Elections". The American Presidency Project. UC Santa Barbara.

[19] "Voter Turnout in Presidential Elections". The American Presidency Project. UC Santa Barbara.

[20] "Voter Turnout in Presidential Elections". The American Presidency Project. UC Santa Barbara.

[21] "Voter Turnout in Presidential Elections". The American Presidency Project. UC Santa Barbara.

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