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Project 2025
Established2022
PurposeReshape the U.S. federal government to support the agenda of next Republican president
Location
Director
Paul Dans
Main organ
Mandate for Leadership
Parent organization
The Heritage Foundation
Budget
$22 million[1]

Project 2025, also known as the Presidential Transition Project, is a multi-pronged initiative[2] to drastically reshape the United States federal government through a vast expansion of executive power for Republican Nominee Donald Trump.[3][4][5]

Asserting that the president has absolute power over the executive branch,[4] Project 2025 has started work to replace tens of thousands of federal civil service workers by recruiting and training potential political appointees. In doing so, proponents argue that the change would dismantle what they view as a vast, unaccountable, and mostly liberal government bureaucracy,[6] while critics fear a government filled with Trump loyalists who would be willing to bend or break protocol, or in some cases violate laws, to achieve his goals.[7][8] It seeks to infuse the government and society with Christian values as well as conservative and right-wing policies.[9][10] The Project has also been criticized as controversial,[11] dangerous,[12] authoritarian, and apocalyptic.[13][7]

The Heritage Foundation, a think tank closely-aligned with Trump,[14][15][16] coordinates the initiative with a constellation of conservative groups run by Trump allies.[17] The project's authors also acknowledged that most of the proposals would require the Republican Party to control both the U.S. House of Representatives and the U.S. Senate.[8] Other aspects of the plan have recently been ruled unconstitutional by the Supreme Court and would face court challenges, while others still are norm-breaking proposals that might survive court challenges.[18] Although the project cannot by law promote a specific presidential candidate, many contributors have close ties to Donald Trump and his 2024 presidential campaign.[19][20][21] Many are expected to have positions in a second Trump administration.[22] The Washington Post called the project the most detailed articulation of what Trump might do in a second term. In 2023 Trump campaign officials said the project aligned well with their Agenda 47 proposals.[8][23] Trump campaign officials have also expressed annoyance at times towards the project as it has generally avoided specific policy proposals that can be used to criticize him.[24] The strongest effort by the Trump campaign to distance themselves[citation needed] came days after Heritage Foundation President Kevin Roberts suggested there would be a second American Revolution.[25] Democrats and others viewed the comments by Roberts as containing a veiled threat of violence.[26] The project has employed warlike rhetoric and apocalyptic language[27] in describing its "battle plan" to regain control of the government.[a]

----This paragraph just discusses policy proposals----

Project 2025 envisions widespread changes across the government, particularly economic and social policies and the role of the federal government and its agencies. The plan proposes taking partisan control of the U.S. Department of Justice (DOJ), the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), the Department of Commerce, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC), Federal Trade Commission (FTC) and National Institutes of Health (NIH).[32][33][34] Project 2025 recommends abolishing the Department of Education and dismantling the Department of Homeland Security (DHS),[34][33] while terminating or transferring specific programs to other agencies.[35][36] The project's policy proposals have also been polarizing with some in support[37][38][39] and others who fear Project 2025 is rhetorical "window-dressing" for what would be four years of personal vengeance at any cost.[8] In addition to trying to undo most everything implemented during the Biden administration,[40] the project proposes cutting funding for climate research[41][32] and sharply reducing environmental and climate change regulations to favor fossil fuel production.[34][33][30] The blueprint seeks to institute tax cuts,[42] though its writers disagree on the wisdom of protectionism.[43] The Project urges government to explicitly reject abortion as health care,[44][45] eliminate coverage of emergency contraception under the Affordable Care Act[46] and prosecute the use of contraceptives nationwide using the Comstock Act. The Project seeks to infuse the government with elements of Christianity.[17] It proposes criminalizing pornography,[47] removing legal protections against discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity,[47][48] and ending programs promoting diversity, equity, and inclusion.[7][48] The Project recommends the arrest, detention, and deportation of undocumented immigrants living in the United States.[49] It promotes capital punishment and the speedy "finality" of those sentences.[50]

Misc

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In a January 2024 speech to the National Pro-Life Summit, Media Matters reported that Roberts compared abortion to, "slavery, lynchings, The Holocaust, antisemitic violence and terror attacks."[51][better source needed]

Distanced vs. tried to distance...

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I started tracking how articles are describing this (after a discussion started in an above thread) and based on what I have seen, more strongly support my initial instinct to use the more WP:Verifiable: (Trump) "Tried to distance" himself (from Project 2025) (6-10 vs. 5)

Tried/Seeks/Sought to distance [52][53][54][55][56][57] (+ more biased sources[58][59][60][61]) (+Rubio tries to distance Trump[62][63])

Debated [64][65][66][67]

Distanced/Disavowed/Etc. [25][68][69][70][71]

When one adjective (conservative) might not be enough...

[edit]

There has been a lot of discussion on whether to use the term 'conservative' to describe the project or policies. Starting a collection of reliable sources and how they describe it (feel free to add more reliable sources):

Heritage Foundation president Kevin Roberts defines Trumpism as the new conservatism.[72]

"MAGA conservative"[73]

"Sweeping right-wing agenda"[74]

"hard-right think tank"[75]

"By the right-wing Heritage Foundation"[76]

A right-wing leader said the U.S. is in the midst of ‘a second American Revolution’ that would see Trump win the presidency and implement troubling policy proposals known as Project 2025.[77]

"The unprecedented effort is being orchestrated with dozens of right-flank organizations, many new to Washington, and represents a changed approach from conservatives, who traditionally have sought to limit the federal government by cutting federal taxes and slashing federal spending."[78]

"The Heritage Foundation, the influential group behind Project 2025, has laid out sweeping reforms of virtually every aspect of government, including a plan that critics warn will line the public service with employees loyal to a Republican commander-in-chief, as well as providing an ultra-conservative framework for policies."[72]

Authoritarian/fascist/anti-democratic: see Project 2025#Reactions and responses:

  • Not included in article[95]

Radical agenda[96]

Controversial[11]

- vs -

Conservative[65][97]

Loyalty to...

[edit]

Should we use more recent sources for this since they have the latest analysis of the project's aims currently?

Trump

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AP[98][99] (syndicated by TIME[100][101] and LATimes[102][103])

Washington Post[104]

The Guardian[105][106]

CNN[107]

NPR[108]

Axios[109]

LATimes[110]

New Republic[111]

The Atlantic[112]

The Mary Sue[113]

Mother Jones[114]

Gizmodo[115]

Ambiguous/Both

[edit]

The Guardian[116]

Mother Jones[117]

Republican president

[edit]

CBC[118]

NPR[97]

Policies of a republican president

[edit]

The constitution

[edit]

Autocracy critique

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Do we need a section that organizes and analyzes this line of criticism instead of simply listing quotations?

Legal experts say it would undermine the rule of law, the separation of powers, the separation of church and state,[34][7] and civil liberties.

[119]

Implementation

[edit]

Other branches

[edit]

The project's authors also acknowledged that most of the proposals would require the Republican Party to control[clarification needed] both the U.S. House of Representatives and the U.S. Senate.[8] Other aspects of the plan have recently been ruled unconstitutional by the Supreme Court and would face strong court challenges, while others still are norm-breaking proposals that might survive court challenges.[18]

Expansion of presidential powers

[edit]

"The notion of independent federal agencies or federal employees who don't answer to the president violates the very foundation of our democratic republic," argued Heritage president Kevin Roberts.[120] Project 2025 seeks to place the entire Executive Branch of the U.S. federal government under direct presidential control, eliminating the independence of the DOJ, the FBI, the Federal Communications Commission, the Federal Trade Commission, and other agencies.[120] The plan bases its presidential agenda on a maximalist version of the unitary executive theory, arguing that Article Two of the U.S. Constitution vests executive power solely in the president.[121][122][123][124]

Project 2025 proposes that all Department of State employees in leadership roles should be dismissed by the end of the day on January 20, 2025. It calls for installing senior State Department leaders in "acting" roles that do not require Senate confirmation.[125] Kiron Skinner, who wrote the State Department chapter of Project 2025, ran the department's office of policy planning for less than a year during the Trump administration, before she was forced out of the department. She considers most employees of the State Department to be too left-wing and wants them replaced by those more loyal to a conservative president. When asked by Peter Bergen in June 2024 if she could name an instance in which State employees obstructed Trump policy, she said she could not.[125][126] If Project 2025 were to be implemented, Congressional approval would not be required for the sale of military equipment and ammunition to a foreign nation,[7] unless "unanimous congressional support is guaranteed."[122]

Trump, the front-runner for the 2024 Republican presidential nomination, stated in 2019 that Article Two of the U.S. Constitution granted him the "right to do whatever as president", a common claim made by supporters of unitary executive theory. A similar remark was echoed in 2018 when he claimed he could fire special counsel Robert Mueller.[121] Trump is not the first president to consider policies related to unitary executive theory;[127][128] the idea has seen a resurgence and popularization within the Republican Party following the 9/11 terrorist attacks in 2001.[129]

In November 2023, The Washington Post reported that deploying the military for domestic law enforcement under the Insurrection Act of 1807 would be an "immediate priority" upon a second Trump inauguration in 2025. That aspect of the plan was being led by Jeffrey Clark, a contributor to the project and a former official in the Trump Department of Justice (DOJ).[130][131] Clark is a senior fellow at the Center for Renewing America, a Project 2025 partner.[132] The plan reportedly includes directing the DOJ to pursue those considered by Trump as disloyal or a political adversary. For his alleged acts while working at the DOJ during the end of Trump's term, Clark has become a Trump co-defendant in the Georgia election racketeering prosecution and an unnamed co-conspirator in the federal prosecution of Trump for alleged election obstruction.

After the Post story was published online, a Heritage spokesman said there were no plans related to the Insurrection Act or targeting of political enemies within Project 2025.[130][133]

Throughout the project document, unspecified federal workers at the DOJ, EPA, and USAID are described as "radical Left ideologues" and "activists" who are "embedded" in their departments.[134] In response to rising concerns on the topic, during a December 2023 televised town hall, Fox News host Sean Hannity twice asked Trump if he could assure he would not abuse presidential power to seek retribution against others, as he was reported to have privately told to friends and advisers.[135] Trump replied "except for day one" before pivoting to other subjects.[136]

Personnel change

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See also: Spoils system

Project 2025 establishes a personnel database shaped by the ideology of Donald Trump. The project uses a questionnaire to screen potential recruits for their adherence to the project's agenda.[137] Throughout his presidency, Trump was accused of removing individuals whom he considered disloyal regardless of their ideological conviction, such as former attorney general William Barr. In the final year of Trump's presidency, White House Presidential Personnel Office employees James Bacon and John McEntee developed a questionnaire to test potential government employees on their commitment to Trumpism; Bacon and McEntee joined the project in May 2023.[138] The project recommends that the future White House Counsel be selected to be "deeply committed" to the "America First" agenda of the future President.[7][121]

Project 2025 is aligned with Trump's plans to fire more government employees than allocated to the president using Schedule F, a job classification established by Trump in an executive order in October 2020.[139] Although the classification was rescinded by Biden in January 2021, Trump has previously stated that he would restore it. The Heritage Foundation plans on having 20,000 personnel in its database by the end of 2024.[121] Russell Vought stated that the project's goal of removing federal workers would be "a wrecking ball for the administrative state."[140]

As of 2024, only about 4,000 government positions are deemed political appointments, which could change with each administration.[7][121] Schedule F would jeopardize tens of thousands of professional federal civil servants,[7] who have spent many years working under both Democratic and Republican administrations.[121] As Donald Moynihan, a professor of public policy at Georgetown University, explains, while the apolitical and meritocratic selection of public servants is vital to administrative functioning, the Republican Party increasingly views them and public sector unions as threats or resources to be controlled.[141] In an interview, Kevin Roberts said, "People will lose their jobs. Hopefully their lives are able to flourish in spite of that. Buildings will be shut down. Hopefully they can be repurposed for private industry."[142]

The Project encourages Congress to require federal contractors to be 70% American citizens, ultimately raising the limit to 95%.[122]

By June 2024, the American Accountability Foundation, a conservative opposition research organization led by former aide to Republican senators Tom Jones, was researching the backgrounds of certain key high-ranking federal civil servants. Called Project Sovereignty 2025, the undertaking received a $100,000 grant from Heritage with the objective of posting names on a website of 100 individuals who might oppose the Trump agenda. Announcing the grant in May 2024, Heritage wrote the purpose of the research was "to alert Congress, a conservative administration, and the American people to the presence of anti-American bad actors burrowed into the administrative state and ensure appropriate action is taken." Some found Project Sovereignty 2025 reminiscent of McCarthyism, in which many Americans were persecuted and blacklisted as alleged communists.[143][144][145]

Criticism and controversy

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Some academics worry Project 2025 represents significant executive aggrandizement, a type of democratic backsliding involving government institutional changes made by elected executives. Cornell University political scientist Rachel Beatty Riedl says this global phenomenon represents threats to democratic rule not from violence but rather from using democratic institutions to consolidate executive power. She notes this has occurred in countries such as Hungary, Nicaragua and Turkey, but is new to the United States. She adds, "if Project 2025 is implemented, what it means is a dramatic decrease in American citizens' ability to engage in public life based on the kind of principles of liberty, freedom and representation that are accorded in a democracy."[146][147]

Donald B. Ayer, the deputy attorney general under George H. W. Bush, said,

Project 2025 seems to be full of a whole array of ideas that are designed to let Donald Trump function as a dictator, by completely eviscerating many of the restraints built into our system. He really wants to destroy any notion of a rule of law in this country ... The reports about Donald Trump's Project 2025 suggest that he is now preparing to do a bunch of things totally contrary to the basic values we have always lived by. If Trump were to be elected and implement some of the ideas he is apparently considering, no one in this country would be safe.[34]

Michael Bromwich, who was Justice Department inspector general from 1994 to 1999, remarked,

The plans being developed by members of Trump's cult to turn the DOJ and FBI into instruments of his revenge should send shivers down the spine of anyone who cares about the rule of law. Trump and rightwing media have planted in fertile soil the seed that the current Department of Justice has been politicized, and the myth has flourished. Their attempts to undermine DOJ and the FBI are among the most destructive campaigns they have conducted.[34]

Phillip Wallach, a senior fellow studying separation of powers at the conservative American Enterprise Institute characterized the project as, "'Some of these visions, they do start to just bleed into some kind of authoritarian fantasies where the president won the election, so he’s in charge, so everyone has to do what he says — and that’s just not the system the government we live under.'"[148]

Max Stier of the Partnership for Public Service and others voiced concern that the project would revive the early-American spoils-and-patronage system that awarded government jobs to those loyal to a party or elected official, rather than on the basis of merit. The Pendleton Act of 1883 mandated that federal jobs be awarded on merit.[149] Former Trump campaign and presidency senior advisor Steve Bannon has advocated the plan on his War Room podcast, hosting Jeffrey Clark and others working on the project.[150] Georgetown University public policy professor Donald Moynihan wrote that Schedule F appointees could be required to swear loyalty to the president, in conflict with their constitutional obligation to swear a loyalty oath to the U.S. Constitution.[151]

Francis Fukuyama, a political scientist, noted that while the federal bureaucracy was in dire need of reform, Schedule F would "dangerously undermine" the functionality of the government.[152]

Spencer Ackerman and John Nichols in The Nation and Chauncey DeVega of Salon.com have described Project 2025 as a plan to install Trump as a dictator, warning that Trump could prosecute and imprison enemies or overthrow American democracy altogether.[153][154][155] Longtime Republican academic Tom Nichols wrote in The Atlantic that Trump "is not bluffing about his plans to jail his opponents and suppress—by force, if necessary—the rights of American citizens."[156]

Writing in Mother Jones, Washington bureau chief David Corn described Project 2025 as "the right-wing infrastructure that is publicly plotting to undermine the checks and balances of our constitutional order and concentrate unprecedented power in the presidency. Its efforts, if successful and coupled with a Trump (or other GOP) victory in 2024, would place the nation on a path to autocracy."[157]

Notes

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  1. ^ [7][28][3][29][30][31]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Swan, Jonathan (December 1, 2023). "Paleoconservative or Moderate? Questions for Staffing the Next G.O.P. White House". The New York Times. Archived from the original on December 2, 2023. Retrieved December 2, 2023.
  2. ^ Quinn, Melissa; Rosen, Jacob (2024-07-09). "What is Project 2025? What to know about the conservative blueprint for a second Trump administration - CBS News". www.cbsnews.com. Retrieved 2024-07-09. Project 2025 is a proposed presidential transition project that is composed of four pillars: a policy guide for the next presidential administration; a LinkedIn-style database of personnel who could serve in the next administration; training for that pool of candidates dubbed the "Presidential Administration Academy;" and a playbook of actions to be taken within the first 180 days in office.
  3. ^ a b Layne, Nathan (July 5, 2024). "Trump seeks to disavow 'Project 2025' despite ties to conservative group". Reuters. The 900-page blueprint calls for drastic reform of the federal government, including a gutting of some federal agencies and a vast expansion of presidential power.
  4. ^ a b Haberman, Maggie; Savage, Charlie; Swan, Jonathan (July 17, 2023). "Trump and Allies Forge Plans to Increase Presidential Power in 2025". The New York Times. Archived from the original on November 13, 2023. Retrieved November 13, 2023. Donald J. Trump and his allies are planning a sweeping expansion of presidential power over the machinery of government if voters return him to the White House in 2025, reshaping the structure of the executive branch to concentrate far greater authority directly in his hands.
  5. ^ Svitek, Patrick (July 5, 2024). "Trump tries to distance himself from Project 2025 plan". Washington Post. The plan from the Heritage Foundation, known as Project 2025, pitches a sweeping overhaul of the federal government should Trump win a second term, including far more power for the executive branch. Many people involved in the effort are former Trump administration officials, and Trump publicly allied himself with the think tank as president.
  6. ^ Hirsh, Michael (September 19, 2023). "Inside the Next Republican Revolution". Politico. Archived from the original on November 6, 2023. Retrieved November 6, 2023.
  7. ^ a b c d e f g h i Mascaro, Lisa (August 29, 2023). "Conservative Groups Draw Up Plan to Dismantle the US Government and Replace It with Trump's Vision". Associated Press News. Archived from the original on September 22, 2023. Retrieved September 21, 2023.
  8. ^ a b c d e Hirsh, Michael (September 19, 2023). "Inside the Next Republican Revolution". Politico. Archived from the original on November 6, 2023. Retrieved November 6, 2023.
  9. ^ Ward, Alexander; Przybyla, Heidi (February 20, 2024). "Trump Allies Prepare to Infuse 'Christian Nationalism' in Second Administration". Politico. Archived from the original on February 24, 2024. Retrieved February 24, 2024.
  10. ^ Swenson, Ali (July 3, 2024). "A conservative leading the pro-Trump Project 2025 suggests there will be a new American Revolution". Associated Press.
  11. ^ a b "Trump distances himself from controversial 'Project 2025' plan". NBC News. Retrieved 2024-07-09.
  12. ^ a b Ordoñez, Franco (December 6, 2023). "Trump allies craft plans to give him unprecedented power if he wins the White House". NPR. Archived from the original on May 16, 2024. Retrieved May 16, 2024. It's not that the federal service isn't in need of reforms, says Kathryn Dunn Tenpas, a senior fellow at the University of Virginia's Miller Center. But she says Trump wants to create a class of federal workers who will do whatever the president wants — and if they don't, they can be easily fired. 'It's just a dangerous sign,' she says. 'It really suggests that a president wants to aggrandize more authority and more power. And that should make everybody nervous.'
  13. ^ Barber, Rachel (June 10, 2024). "What is Project 2025? The Presidential Transition Project explained". USA TODAY. Retrieved 2024-07-06.
  14. ^ Treene, Alayna; Contorno, Steve; Sullivan, Kate (2024-07-05). "Trump seeks to distance himself from pro-Trump Project 2025 | CNN Politics". CNN. Retrieved 2024-07-06.
  15. ^ Contorno, Steve (2024-05-15). "Trump's playboy past is in the spotlight. His allies are readying a new fight against pornography | CNN Politics". CNN. Retrieved 2024-07-09.
  16. ^ Steakin, Will; Kim, Soo Rin (2024-07-08). "Trump seeks to distance himself from Project 2025, a plan to transform government". ABC7 Los Angeles. Retrieved 2024-07-09.
  17. ^ a b Ward, Alexander; Przybyla, Heidi (February 20, 2024). "Trump Allies Prepare to Infuse 'Christian Nationalism' in Second Administration". Politico. Archived from the original on February 24, 2024. Retrieved February 24, 2024.
  18. ^ a b Holmes, Kristen (November 16, 2023). "Trump's Radical Second-Term Agenda Would Wield Executive Power in Unprecedented Ways". CNN. Archived from the original on November 19, 2023. Retrieved November 19, 2023.
  19. ^ Klawans, Justin (February 26, 2024). "The Heritage Foundation's Project 2025 wants to reshape America under Trump". The Week. Archived from the original on May 15, 2024. Retrieved May 16, 2024.
  20. ^ Doyle, Katherine (November 17, 2023). "Donations Have Surged to Groups Linked to Conservative Project 2025". NBC News. Archived from the original on November 18, 2023. Retrieved November 18, 2023.
  21. ^ Yang, Maya (2024-07-05). "Donald Trump attempting to claim to 'know nothing' about Project 2025". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2024-07-06. Economist and Guardian columnist Robert Reich wrote: "Don't be fooled. The playbook is written by more than 20 officials Trump appointed in his first term. It is the clearest vision we have of a 2nd Trump presidency."
  22. ^ Layne, Nathan (July 5, 2024). "Trump seeks to disavow 'Project 2025' despite ties to conservative group". Reuters.
  23. ^ a b Allen, Mike; Basu, Zachary (July 5, 2024). "Trump disavows Heritage Foundation's Project 2025, despite MAGA ties". Axios. Archived from the original on July 5, 2024. Retrieved July 5, 2024. in April 2024, Project 2025 senior advisor John McEntee stated that they and the Trump campaign planned to 'integrate a lot of our work'
  24. ^ Bump, Philip (June 18, 2024). "Trump has unveiled an agenda of his own. He just doesn't mention it much". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on June 28, 2024. Retrieved June 25, 2024.
  25. ^ a b Licon, Adriana Gomez (2024-07-05). "Biden assails Project 2025, a plan to transform government, and Trump's claim to be unaware of it". AP News. Retrieved 2024-07-08. Donald Trump has distanced himself from Project 2025, a massive proposed overhaul of the federal government drafted by longtime allies and former officials in his administration, days after the head of the think tank responsible for the program suggested there would be a second American Revolution.
  26. ^ Layne, Nathan (July 5, 2024). "Trump seeks to disavow 'Project 2025' despite ties to conservative group". Reuters. Trump's post came three days after Heritage Foundation president Kevin Roberts' comments on Steve Bannon's 'War Room' podcast about a second American Revolution. Democrats and others criticized what they viewed as a veiled threat of violence.
  27. ^ Mascaro, Lisa (August 29, 2023). "Conservative Groups Draw Up Plan to Dismantle the US Government and Replace It with Trump's Vision". Associated Press News. Archived from the original on September 22, 2023. Retrieved September 21, 2023.
  28. ^ Luciano, Michael (July 2, 2024). "Conservative Leader Issues Cryptic Threat to Liberals, Says 'Second American Revolution' Will Be 'Bloodless If the Left Allows It to Be'". Mediaite. we are in the process of the second American Revolution, which will remain bloodless if the left allows it to be.
  29. ^ Gira Grant, Melissa (January 4, 2024). "The Right Is Winning Its War on Schools". The New Republic. Archived from the original on January 13, 2024. Retrieved January 13, 2024. "systematically preparing to march into office and bring a new army, [of] aligned, trained, and essentially weaponized conservatives ready to do battle against the deep state."
  30. ^ a b Friedman, Lisa (August 4, 2023). "A Republican 2024 Climate Strategy: More Drilling, Less Clean Energy". The New York Times. Archived from the original on September 9, 2023. Retrieved September 9, 2023.
  31. ^ "Leader of the pro-Trump Project 2025 suggests there will be a new American Revolution: Kevin Roberts said the revolution will be bloodless "if the left allows it to be."". Associated Press. July 4, 2024 – via Politico. His call for revolution and vague reference to violence also unnerved some Democrats who interpreted it as threatening.
  32. ^ a b Schumacher, Erin (May 27, 2024). "Biden's got a plan to protect science from Trump". Politico. Archived from the original on June 13, 2024. Retrieved June 5, 2024.
  33. ^ a b c Bob Ortega; Kyung Lah; Allison Gordon; Nelli Black (April 27, 2024). "What Trump's war on the 'Deep State' could mean: 'An army of suck-ups'". CNN. Archived from the original on April 28, 2024. Retrieved April 28, 2024. Project 2025's blueprint envisions dismantling the Department of Homeland Security and the FBI; disarming the Environmental Protection Agency by loosening or eliminating emissions and climate-change regulations; eliminating the Departments of Education and Commerce in their entirety.
  34. ^ a b c d e f Stone, Peter (November 22, 2023). "'Openly Authoritarian Campaign': Trump's Threats of Revenge Fuel Alarm". The Guardian. Archived from the original on November 27, 2023. Retrieved November 27, 2023.
  35. ^ Stone, Matthew (March 25, 2024). "What Would Happen to K-12 in a 2nd Trump Term? A Detailed Policy Agenda Offers Clues". Education Week. Archived from the original on March 26, 2024. Retrieved May 12, 2024.
  36. ^ Schofield, Rob (May 14, 2025). "The Trump team's radical plan to gut American public education". NC Newsline. Archived from the original on May 15, 2024. Retrieved May 15, 2024.
  37. ^ Kim, Mina (2024-06-25). "What's Inside Project 2025? | KQED". www.kqed.org. Retrieved 2024-07-06. Project 2025, the sweeping right-wing agenda drafted by the Heritage Foundation, calls for expanding presidential powers, eliminating federal agencies and programs and implementing substantial tax cuts. Created by close allies of former President Trump, it mirrors much of his campaign rhetoric.
  38. ^ Mascaro, Lisa (August 29, 2023). "Conservative Groups Draw Up Plan to Dismantle the US Government and Replace It with Trump's Vision". Associated Press News. Archived from the original on September 22, 2023. Retrieved September 21, 2023. While many of the Project 2025 proposals are inspired by Trump, they are being echoed by GOP rivals Ron DeSantis and Vivek Ramaswamy and are gaining prominence among other Republicans.
  39. ^ Hirsh, Michael (September 19, 2023). "Inside the Next Republican Revolution". Politico. Archived from the original on November 6, 2023. Retrieved November 6, 2023.
  40. ^ Logan, Nick (Jun 27, 2024). "You may hear Project 2025 during the U.S. presidential election campaign. What is that?". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Its stated goal is to undo most everything implemented in the previous four years of U.S. President Joe Biden's administration.
  41. ^ Skibell, Arianna (April 15, 2024). "A deep dive into energy plans for Trump 2.0". Politico. Archived from the original on June 13, 2024. Retrieved May 16, 2024.
  42. ^ Cranston, Matthew (May 14, 2024). "What a second Trump presidency could bring". Australian Financial Review. Archived from the original on May 13, 2024. Retrieved May 14, 2024.
  43. ^ "Donald Trump's second term would be a protectionist nightmare". The Economist. October 31, 2023. Archived from the original on October 31, 2023. Retrieved May 12, 2024.
  44. ^ Miranda, Shauneen (March 2, 2024). "'Department of Life': Trump allies plot abortion crackdown for second term". Axios. Archived from the original on May 1, 2024. Retrieved May 1, 2024.
  45. ^ Miranda Ollstein, Alice (January 29, 2024). "The Anti-Abortion Plan Ready for Trump on Day One". Politico. Archived from the original on February 3, 2024. Retrieved February 11, 2024.
  46. ^ Barrón-López, Laura; Popat, Shrai (May 22, 2024). "Trump's plans for healthcare and reproductive rights if he returns to White House". PBS Newshour. Archived from the original on May 23, 2024. Retrieved May 22, 2024.
  47. ^ a b Pengelly, Martin (September 15, 2023). "US Hard-Right Policy Group Condemned for 'Dehumanising' Anti-LGBTQ+ Rhetoric". The Guardian. Archived from the original on September 15, 2023. Retrieved September 15, 2023.
  48. ^ a b Laura Barrón-López; Shrai Popat (March 27, 2024). "How a second Trump presidency could impact the LGBTQ+ community". PBS NewsHour. Archived from the original on June 13, 2024. Retrieved May 5, 2024.
  49. ^ "5 Reasons Leftists HATE Project 2025" (PDF). The Heritage Foundation. April 2024. Archived (PDF) from the original on May 3, 2024. Retrieved May 3, 2024.
  50. ^ Sarat, Austin (May 14, 2024). "This Should Be a Wake-Up Call to the Biden Administration on the Death Penalty". Salon. Archived from the original on May 14, 2024. Retrieved May 14, 2024.
  51. ^ Pengelly, Martin (2024-08-09). "Project 2025 architect compared abortion to slavery and the Holocaust". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2024-08-10.
  52. ^ Treene, Alayna; Contorno, Steve; Sullivan, Kate (July 5, 2024). "Trump seeks to distance himself from pro-Trump Project 2025". CNN. Former President Donald Trump on Friday sought to distance himself from a closely aligned conservative group's plans
  53. ^ Svitek, Patrick (2024-07-06). "Trump tries to distance himself from Project 2025 plan". Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Retrieved 2024-07-09. Former president Donald Trump sought Friday to distance himself from a conservative think tank's plan for the next Republican presidency
  54. ^ Yang, Maya (June 6, 2024). "Donald Trump claims to 'know nothing' about Project 2025". The Guardian. Donald Trump is trying to claim he has "nothing to do" with Project 2025, a political roadmap created by people close to him for his potential second term.
  55. ^ Fortinsky, Sarah (July 9, 2024). "Haberman: Trump advisers had been concerned Project 2025 would become problem". The Hill. She noted that Trump's recent effort to distance himself from the conservative think tank's lengthy policy platform
  56. ^ Steakin, Will; Kim, Soo Rin (July 9, 2024). "Trump is trying to distance himself from Project 2025 -- but its architects helped shape his RNC party platform". ABC News. Retrieved 2024-07-10. Last week, former President Donald Trump attempted to distance himself from "Project 2025," a sweeping plan to overhaul the federal government proposed by a closely aligned conservative group.
  57. ^ "Tamara Keith and Amy Walter on Biden's future in the race and Trump's ties to Project 2025". PBS News. 2024-07-08. Retrieved 2024-07-10. ...as Donald Trump tries to distance himself from the conservative Project 2025 plan to radically reshape the federal government
  58. ^ Musgrave, Shawn (2024-07-05). "Trump's Camp Says It Has Nothing to Do With Project 2025 Manifesto — Aside From Writing It". The Intercept. Retrieved 2024-07-10.
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  60. ^ Jane, Talia (July 9, 2024). "What Is Project 2025? Biden Team Zeroes In on GOP Agenda Under Trump". The New Republic. ISSN 0028-6583. Retrieved 2024-07-10. Trump's attempts to distance himself from the project has provoked ire from far-right pundits...
  61. ^ Oh, Inae. "Trump tries to distance himself from Project 2025—the far right's playbook for a second term". Mother Jones. Retrieved 2024-07-10.
  62. ^ Baio, Ariana (2024-07-07). "Rubio tries to put distance between Project 2025 and Trump as VP audition ramps up". The Independent. Retrieved 2024-07-10. Former president has sought to distance himself from the right-wing policy proposal
  63. ^ Lotz, Avery (July 7, 2024). "Sen. Rubio tries to distance Trump from Project 2025". Axios.
  64. ^ Woodward, Alex (2024-07-05). "Trump distances himself from Project 2025 while his PAC pushes ads promoting it". The Independent. Retrieved 2024-07-10. Trump wants to distance" and "Trump's disavowal of the plan
  65. ^ a b Teshome, Eden (June 6, 2024). "Michael Steele ridicules Trump for post disowning Project 2025". The Hill. criticized former President Trump's attempt to distance himself" and "The former president took to Truth Social earlier Friday to disavow the project
  66. ^ Layne, Nathan (July 5, 2024). "Trump seeks to disavow 'Project 2025' despite ties to conservative group". Reuters. Trump seeks to disavow" and "The Republican presidential candidate renounced any connection
  67. ^ Tait, Robert (2024-07-08). "Republicans call Trump's move to distance himself from Project 2025 'preposterous'". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2024-07-10. Trump tried to disown" and "Trump's move to distance himself
  68. ^ Gleeson, Cailey. "Trump Disavows Project 2025: Calls Some Of Conservative Group's Ideas 'Absolutely Ridiculous And Abysmal'". Forbes. Retrieved 2024-07-09.
  69. ^ Allen, Mike; Basu, Zachary (July 5, 2024). "Trump disavows Heritage Foundation's Project 2025, despite MAGA ties". Axios. Archived from the original on July 5, 2024. Retrieved July 5, 2024.
  70. ^ "Trump distances himself from controversial Project 2025 plan". NBC News. Retrieved 2024-07-10.
  71. ^ Troye, Olivia (July 8, 2024). "'Just ludicrous': Ex-Pence advisor on Trump's attempt to distance himself from 'Project 2025'". CNN. Retrieved 8 July 2024.
  72. ^ a b Logan, Nick (Jun 27, 2024). "You may hear Project 2025 during the U.S. presidential election campaign. What is that?". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation.
  73. ^ Hirsh, Michael (September 19, 2023). "Inside the Next Republican Revolution". Politico.
  74. ^ Kim, Mina (2024-06-25). "What's Inside Project 2025? | KQED". www.kqed.org. Retrieved 2024-07-06. Project 2025, the sweeping right-wing agenda drafted by the Heritage Foundation, calls for expanding presidential powers, eliminating federal agencies and programs and implementing substantial tax cuts. Created by close allies of former President Trump, it mirrors much of his campaign rhetoric.
  75. ^ Pengelly, Martin (2024-08-09). "Project 2025 architect compared abortion to slavery and the Holocaust". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2024-08-10.
  76. ^ Bump, Philip (June 18, 2024). "Trump has unveiled an agenda of his own. He just doesn't mention it much". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on June 28, 2024. Retrieved June 26, 2024.
  77. ^ Mannweiler, Laura (July 4, 2024). "What Is Project 2025? And Why Is it Being Linked to a Second American Revolution?". US News and World Report.
  78. ^ Mascaro, Lisa (August 29, 2023). "Conservative Groups Draw Up Plan to Dismantle the US Government and Replace It with Trump's Vision". Associated Press News. Archived from the original on September 22, 2023. Retrieved September 21, 2023. While many of the Project 2025 proposals are inspired by Trump, they are being echoed by GOP rivals Ron DeSantis and Vivek Ramaswamy and are gaining prominence among other Republicans.
  79. ^ Tomazin, Farrah (2024-06-14). "A 920-page plan lays out a second Trump presidency. Nadine has read it and is terrified". The Sydney Morning Herald. Archived from the original on June 27, 2024. Retrieved 2024-06-21. Cornell University political scientist Rachel Beatty Riedl says Project 2025 is emblematic of a broader global trend in which threats to democracy are emerging not just from coups, military aggression or civil war, but also from autocratic leaders using democratic institutions to consolidate executive power. This type of backsliding, known as 'executive aggrandisement', has taken place in countries such as Hungary, Nicaragua and Turkey but is new to America, says Beatty Riedl, who runs the university's Centre for International Studies and is the co-author of the book Democratic Backsliding, Resilience and Resistance. 'It's a very concerning sign,' she says. 'If Project 2025 is implemented, what it means is a dramatic decrease in American citizens' ability to engage in public life based on the kind of principles of liberty, freedom and representation that are accorded in a democracy.'
  80. ^ Stone, Peter (2023-11-22). "'Openly authoritarian campaign': Trump's threats of revenge fuel alarm". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2024-07-06.
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  82. ^ DeVega, Chauncey (September 7, 2023). "Trump Plans to Become a Dictator: It's Time to Get Real About Project 2025". Salon.com. Archived from the original on September 10, 2023. Retrieved September 10, 2023.
  83. ^ Nichols, John (2024-06-04). "Project 2025's Guide to Subverting Democracy". The Nation. ISSN 0027-8378. Archived from the original on June 19, 2024. Retrieved 2024-06-18.
  84. ^ Nichols, Tom (November 6, 2023). "Trump Plots Against His Enemies". The Atlantic. Archived from the original on November 8, 2023. Retrieved November 8, 2023.
  85. ^ Corn, David (September 14, 2023). "How Right-Wing Groups Are Plotting to Implement Trump's Authoritarianism". Mother Jones. Archived from the original on September 21, 2023. Retrieved September 21, 2023.
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  89. ^ Woodward, Alex (June 12, 2024). "How Democrats are plotting against Project 2025, the 'dystopian' manifesto for Trump's second term". The Independent. Archived from the original on June 12, 2024. Retrieved June 13, 2024. This is an unprecedented embrace of extremism, fascism, and religious nationalism, orchestrated by the radical right and its dark money backers.
  90. ^ Mascaro, Lisa (June 11, 2024). "House Democrats step up to try to stop Project 2025 plans for a Trump White House". Associated Press. Archived from the original on June 12, 2024. Retrieved June 12, 2024.
  91. ^ Luciano, Michael (July 2, 2024). "Conservative Leader Issues Cryptic Threat to Liberals, Says 'Second American Revolution' Will Be 'Bloodless If the Left Allows It to Be'". Mediaite. we are in the process of the second American Revolution, which will remain bloodless if the left allows it to be.
  92. ^ Layne, Nathan (July 5, 2024). "Trump seeks to disavow 'Project 2025' despite ties to conservative group". Reuters.
  93. ^ "Leader of the pro-Trump Project 2025 suggests there will be a new American Revolution: Kevin Roberts said the revolution will be bloodless "if the left allows it to be."". Associated Press. July 4, 2024 – via Politico. His call for revolution and vague reference to violence also unnerved some Democrats who interpreted it as threatening.
  94. ^ Jared, Gans (July 5, 2024). "Trump says he has 'nothing to do' with Project 2025, disagrees with some of its elements". The Hill. Retrieved July 6, 2024.
  95. ^ May, Jon (2024-07-12). "Commentary: A Deep Dive Into Project 2025's Plan to Subvert the Rule of Law and Use the Department of Justice as an Instrument for Political Oppression". verdict.justia.com. Retrieved 2024-07-13. For those who have not heard of Project 2025, it is a detailed plan to overhaul the Executive Branch to vastly limit the role of government and place all federal agencies under a 'unitary presidency,' ensuring that the execution of statutes and regulations adhere to a right-wing ideology. The Project is the product of 54 ultra-conservative organizations working under the auspices of the Heritage Foundation. Reporters, columnists, and pundits almost unanimously agree that Project 2025 describes Trump's plans for his next administration, despite his campaign's effort to distance Trump from the Project's recommendations...This plan does not reflect conservative values. It is anti-democratic, fascist, and antithetical to the rule of law. It is a recipe for autocratic rule by the proverbial 'Strong Man.' It must be stopped.
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  98. ^ Licon, Adriana Gomex (2024-07-05). "Trump denies knowing about Project 2025, his allies' sweeping plan to transform the US government". AP News. Retrieved 2024-07-06. The 922-page plan outlines a dramatic expansion of presidential power and a plan to fire as many as 50,000 government workers to replace them with Trump loyalists.
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  107. ^ Treene, Alayna; Contorno, Steve; Sullivan, Kate (2024-07-05). "Trump seeks to distance himself from pro-Trump Project 2025 | CNN Politics". CNN. Retrieved 2024-07-06. In a post to his social media site, Trump claimed, "I know nothing about Project 2025," the name given to a playbook crafted by the Heritage Foundation to fill the executive branch with thousands of Trump loyalists and reorient its many agencies' missions around conservative ideals.
  108. ^ Ordoñez, Franco (December 5, 2023). "Trump Plans A More Radical Second Term". NPR. ...the big point of this effort is to gain more power for Trump, should he get back there. And how they want to do that is overhauling the government. They're not shy about what they want to do and how they're going to do it. How they plan to do it is to get rid of tens of thousands of federal employees and replace them with Trump loyalists.
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  114. ^ Lanard, Noah. "Trump loyalists lay out plan for second term: Gut worker protections". Mother Jones. Retrieved 2024-07-08.
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  116. ^ Stone, Peter (2023-11-22). "'Openly authoritarian campaign': Trump's threats of revenge fuel alarm". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2024-07-08. To craft a more powerful presidency, Maga loyalists at a number of well-financed conservative thinktanks led by the Heritage Foundation and the Center for Renewing America have produced an almost 1,000-page handbook, dubbed "Project 2025", to help guide a second Trump term – or potentially another GOP administration should Trump not get the nomination.
  117. ^ Dias, Isabela. "At the Heritage Foundation, the anti-DEI crusade is part of a bigger war". Mother Jones. Retrieved 2024-07-08.
  118. ^ Logan, Nick (Jun 27, 2024). "You may hear Project 2025 during the U.S. presidential election campaign. What is that?". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. The Heritage Foundation, the influential group behind Project 2025, has laid out sweeping reforms of virtually every aspect of government, including a plan that critics warn will line the public service with employees loyal to a Republican commander-in-chief, as well as providing an ultra-conservative framework for policies.
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  131. ^ Bob Ortega; Kyung Lah; Allison Gordon; Nelli Black (April 27, 2024). "What Trump's war on the 'Deep State' could mean: 'An army of suck-ups'". CNN. Archived from the original on April 28, 2024. Retrieved April 28, 2024. [Jeffrey] Clark also helped draft portions of the Project 2025 blueprint for a second Trump term, including outlining the use of the Insurrection Act of 1807 to deploy the military for domestic law enforcement, as first reported by the Washington Post.
  132. ^ Stanley-Becker, Isaac (August 3, 2023). "Jeffrey Clark Is GOP Star After Trying to Use DOJ to Overturn Election". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on October 23, 2023. Retrieved November 29, 2023.
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  134. ^ Dans, Paul; Groves, Steven, eds. (2023). Mandate for Leadership: The Conservative Promise (PDF). Washington, D.C.: The Heritage Foundation. ISBN 978-0-89195-174-2. Archived (PDF) from the original on November 16, 2023. Retrieved November 15, 2023.
  135. ^ Arnsdorf, Isaac; Dawsey, Josh; LeVine, Marianne (December 6, 2023). "Trump 'Dictator' Comment Reignites Criticism His Camp Has Tried to Curb". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on November 5, 2023. Retrieved November 5, 2023. The news reports prompted Trump campaign senior adviser Susie Wiles to complain to the project's director, Paul Dans of the Heritage Foundation, saying that the stories were unhelpful and that the organization should stop promoting its work to reporters, according to a person familiar with the call.
  136. ^ Alfaro, Mariana (December 6, 2023). "Trump Says He Wouldn't Be a Dictator 'Except for Day One'". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on December 9, 2023. Retrieved December 9, 2023.
  137. ^ VandeHei, Jim; Mike, Mike (December 1, 2023). "Behind the Curtain – Scoop: The Trump job applications revealed". Axios. Archived from the original on May 14, 2024. Retrieved May 14, 2024.
  138. ^ Samuels, Brett (May 2, 2023). "Ex-Trump Aide John McEntee Joins Heritage Operation As Senior Adviser". The Hill. Archived from the original on May 31, 2023. Retrieved September 9, 2023.
  139. ^ "Agenda47: President Trump's Plan to Dismantle the Deep State and Return Power to the American People". Donald J Trump For President, Inc. March 21, 2023. Retrieved July 3, 2024. First, I will immediately re-issue my 2020 Executive Order restoring the President's authority to remove rogue bureaucrats. And I will wield that power very aggressively.
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  144. ^ Owen, Tess (June 30, 2024). "Trump loyalists plan to name and shame 'blacklist' of federal workers". The Guardian.
  145. ^ Mayer, Jane (April 16, 2022). "The Slime Machine Targeting Dozens of Biden Nominees". The New Yorker. Archived from the original on June 26, 2024. Retrieved June 30, 2024.
  146. ^ Tomazin, Farrah (2024-06-14). "A 920-page plan lays out a second Trump presidency. Nadine has read it and is terrified". The Sydney Morning Herald. Archived from the original on June 27, 2024. Retrieved 2024-06-21. Cornell University political scientist Rachel Beatty Riedl says Project 2025 is emblematic of a broader global trend in which threats to democracy are emerging not just from coups, military aggression or civil war, but also from autocratic leaders using democratic institutions to consolidate executive power. This type of backsliding, known as 'executive aggrandisement', has taken place in countries such as Hungary, Nicaragua and Turkey but is new to America, says Beatty Riedl, who runs the university's Centre for International Studies and is the co-author of the book Democratic Backsliding, Resilience and Resistance. 'It's a very concerning sign,' she says. 'If Project 2025 is implemented, what it means is a dramatic decrease in American citizens' ability to engage in public life based on the kind of principles of liberty, freedom and representation that are accorded in a democracy.'
  147. ^ Ordoñez, Franco (December 6, 2023). "Trump allies craft plans to give him unprecedented power if he wins the White House". NPR. Archived from the original on May 16, 2024. Retrieved May 16, 2024. It's not that the federal service isn't in need of reforms, says Kathryn Dunn Tenpas, a senior fellow at the University of Virginia's Miller Center. But she says Trump wants to create a class of federal workers who will do whatever the president wants — and if they don't, they can be easily fired. 'It's just a dangerous sign,' she says. 'It really suggests that a president wants to aggrandize more authority and more power. And that should make everybody nervous.'
  148. ^ Mascaro, Lisa (2023-08-29). "Conservative groups draw up plan to dismantle the US government and replace it with Trump's vision". AP News. Retrieved 2024-07-09.
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