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President of the SenateSchuyler Colfax The Forty-second United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives . It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1871 to March 3, 1873, during the last two years of the first administration of U.S. President Ulysses S. Grant .
The apportionment of seats in this House of Representatives was based on the Eighth Census of the United States in 1860. Both chambers had a Republican majority.
March 4, 1871 - March 3, 1873
First session: March 4, 1871 – April 20, 1871
Special session of the Senate: May 10, 1871 - May 27, 1871
Second session: December 4, 1871 - June 10, 1872
Third session: December 2, 1872 - March 3, 1873
Previous congress: 41st Congress - general Next congress: 43rd Congress - general The count below identifies party affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this Congress, and includes members from vacancies and newly admitted states, when they were first seated. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below in the "Changes in membership" section.
Senate TOTAL members: 74
House of Representatives TOTAL members: 243
Senate House of Representatives Events of 1871, 1872 and 1873
List of United States federal legislation in the 42nd Congress
Membership highlights by chamber [ edit ] This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed in order of seniority, and Representatives are listed by district.
Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers , which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring reelection in 1874; Class 2 meant their term began in this Congress, requiring reelection in 1876; and Class 3 meant their term ended in this Congress, requiring reelection in 1872.
See also: Category:United States Senators See also: Category:United States congressional delegations by state
Alabama Arkansas California Connecticut Delaware Florida Georgia Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky
Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New York
North Carolina Ohio Oregon Pennsylvania Rhode Island South Carolina Tennessee Texas Vermont Virginia West Virginia Wisconsin
President pro tempore Henry B. Anthony
House of Representatives [ edit ] The names of members of the House of Representatives elected statewide on the general ticket or otherwise at-large, are preceded by an "A/L," and the names of those elected from districts, whether plural or single member, are preceded by their district numbers.
Many of the congressional district numbers are linked to articles describing the district itself. Since the boundaries of the districts have changed often and substantially, the linked article may only describe the district as it exists today, and not as it was at the time of this Congress.
See also: Category:Members of the United States House of Representatives See also: Category:United States congressional delegations by state
Alabama Arkansas California Connecticut Delaware Florida Georgia Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine
Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New York North Carolina
Ohio Oregon Pennsylvania Rhode Island South Carolina Tennessee Texas Vermont Virginia West Virginia Wisconsin
Speaker of the HouseJames G. Blaine Arizona Territory Colorado Territory Dakota Territory District of Columbia Idaho Territory Montana Territory New Mexico Territory Utah Territory Washington Territory Wyoming Territory
[ edit ] The list below is arranged by chamber, then by political party. Members are shown in alphabetical order.
Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six year terms with each Congress.
A-F James L. Alcorn , Mississippi Adelbert Ames , Mississippi Henry B. Anthony , Rhode Island Arthur I. Boreman , West Virginia William G. Brownlow , Tennessee William A. Buckingham , Connecticut Alexander Caldwell , Kansas Simon Cameron , Pennsylvania Matthew H. Carpenter , Wisconsin Zachariah Chandler , Michigan Powell Clayton , Arkansas Cornelius Cole , California Roscoe Conkling , New York Henry W. Corbett , Oregon Aaron H. Cragin , New Hampshire George F. Edmunds , Vermont Reuben E. Fenton , New York Orris S. Ferry , Connecticut Thomas W. Ferry , Michigan James W. Flanagan , Texas Frederick T. Frelinghuysen , New Jersey
G-O Abijah Gilbert , Florida Morgan C. Hamilton , Texas Hannibal Hamlin , Maine James Harlan , Iowa Joshua Hill , Georgia Phineas W. Hitchcock , Nebraska Timothy O. Howe , Wisconsin William Pitt Kellogg , Louisiana John F. Lewis , Virginia John A. Logan , Illinois Justin S. Morrill , Vermont Lot M. Morrill , Maine Oliver H. P. T. Morton , Indiana James W. Nye , Nevada Thomas W. Osborn , Florida
P-Z James W. Patterson , New Hampshire Samuel C. Pomeroy , Kansas John Pool , North Carolina Daniel D. Pratt , Indiana Alexander Ramsey , Minnesota Benjamin F. Rice , Arkansas Thomas J. Robertson , South Carolina Frederick A. Sawyer , South Carolina John Scott , Pennsylvania John Sherman , Ohio George E. Spencer , Alabama William Sprague , Rhode Island William M. Stewart , Nevada Charles Sumner , Massachusetts Thomas W. Tipton , Nebraska Lyman Trumbull , Illinois J. Rodman West , Louisiana Henry Wilson , Massachusetts William Windom , Minnesota George G. Wright , Iowa
House of Representatives [ edit ] Members of the House of Representatives were elected by popular vote, variously to single member districts or at-large.
A-B-C Ephraim L. Acker , Pennsylvania George M. Adams , Kentucky Stevenson Archer , Maryland William E. Arthur , Kentucky William H. Barnum , Connecticut Erasmus W. Beck , Georgia James B. Beck , Kentucky Samuel N. Bell , New Hampshire Benjamin T. Biggs , Delaware John T. Bird , New Jersey Elliott M. Braxton , Virginia John M. Bright , Tennessee James Brooks , New York Robert P. Caldwell , Tennessee Lewis D. Campbell , Ohio John M. Carroll , New York Abram Comingo , Missouri John C. Conner , Texas Samuel S. Cox , New York John M. Crebs , Illinois John Critcher , Virginia Edward Crossland , Kentucky D-E-F John J. Davis , West Virginia Ozro J. Dodds , Ohio Peter M. Dox , Alabama Dudley M. Du Bose , Georgia Richard T. W. Duke , Virginia Charles A. Eldredge , Wisconsin Smith Ely, Jr. , New York Samuel C. Forker , New Jersey Henry D. Foster , Pennsylvania
G-H-I Abraham E. Garrett , Tennessee J. Lawrence Getz , Pennsylvania De Witt C. Giddings , Texas Edward I. Golladay , Tennessee Samuel Griffith , Pennsylvania Richard J. Haldeman , Pennsylvania Samuel Hambleton , Maryland John Hancock , Texas William A. Handley , Alabama James M. Hanks , Arkansas James C. Harper , North Carolina John T. Harris , Virginia Frank Hereford , West Virginia William S. Herndon , Texas Ellery A. Hibbard , New Hampshire William S. Holman , Indiana J-K-L M-N-O Archibald T. MacIntyre , Georgia Mahlon D. Manson , Indiana Samuel S. Marshall , Illinois William McClelland , Pennsylvania James R. McCormick , Missouri Henry D. McHenry , Kentucky John F. McKinney , Ohio Thompson W. McNeely , Illinois William M. Merrick , Maryland Benjamin F. Meyers , Pennsylvania Alexander Mitchell , Wisconsin George W. Morgan , Ohio Silas L. Niblack , Florida William E. Niblack , Indiana
P-Q-R Hosea W. Parker , New Hampshire Eli Perry , New York Clarkson N. Potter , New York William P. Price , Georgia Samuel J. Randall , Pennsylvania William B. Read , Kentucky Edward Y. Rice , Illinois John M. Rice , Kentucky John Ritchie , Maryland William R. Roberts , New York James C. Robinson , Illinois John Rogers , New York Sion H. Rogers , North Carolina Robert B. Roosevelt , New York S-T-U-V Henry Sherwood , Pennsylvania Francis E. Shober , North Carolina James H. Slater , Oregon Henry W. Slocum , New York Joseph H. Sloss , Alabama R. Milton Speer , Pennsylvania Bradford N. Stevens , Illinois John B. Storm , Pennsylvania Jabez G. Sutherland , Michigan Thomas Swann , Maryland William Terry , Virginia Dwight Townsend , New York Joseph H. Tuthill , New York Philadelph Van Trump , Ohio William W. Vaughan , Tennessee Daniel W. Voorhees , Indiana W-X-Y-Z
A-B-C Jacob A. Ambler , Ohio Oakes Ames , Massachusetts John T. Averill , Minnesota Nathaniel P. Banks , Massachusetts J. Allen Barber , Wisconsin Henry W. Barry , Mississippi John Beatty , Ohio John L. Beveridge , Illinois John S. Bigby , Georgia John A. Bingham , Ohio James G. Blaine , Maine Austin Blair , Michigan Thomas Boles , Arkansas George M. Brooks , Massachusetts Charles W. Buckley , Alabama James Buffinton , Massachusetts Frank C. Bunnell , Pennsylvania Horatio C. Burchard , Illinois Samuel S. Burdett , Missouri Benjamin F. Butler , Massachusetts Roderick R. Butler , Tennessee William T. Clark , Texas Freeman Clarke , New York Clinton L. Cobb , North Carolina John Coburn , Indiana John M. Coghlan , California Omar D. Conger , Michigan Burton C. Cook , Illinois Aylett R. Cotton , Iowa Alvah Crocker , Massachusetts D-E-F Chester B. Darrall , Louisiana Henry L. Dawes , Massachusetts Robert C. De Large , South Carolina Oliver J. Dickey , Pennsylvania William G. Donnan , Iowa R. Holland Duell , New York Mark H. Dunnell , Minnesota Benjamin T. Eames , Rhode Island Robert B. Elliott , South Carolina Constantine C. Esty , Massachusetts John F. Farnsworth , Illinois Charles B. Farwell , Illinois Charles Foster , Ohio Wilder D. Foster , Michigan William P. Frye , Maine
G-H-I James A. Garfield , Ohio Milo Goodrich , New York Eugene Hale , Maine George A. Halsey , New Jersey Alfred C. Harmer , Pennsylvania George E. Harris , Mississippi Harrison E. Havens , Missouri John B. Hawley , Illinois Joseph R. Hawley , Connecticut John B. Hay , Illinois Charles Hays , Alabama Gerry W. Hazelton , Wisconsin John W. Hazelton , New Jersey John Hill , New Jersey George F. Hoar , Massachusetts Samuel Hooper , Massachusetts Sherman O. Houghton , California J-K-L M-N-O Horace Maynard , Tennessee James McCleery , Louisiana George W. McCrary , Iowa James C. McGrew , West Virginia Ebenezer McJunkin , Pennsylvania George C. McKee , Mississippi Ulysses Mercur , Pennsylvania Clinton L. Merriam , New York James Monroe , Ohio Jesse H. Moore , Illinois Frank Morey , Louisiana Joseph L. Morphis , Mississippi Leonard Myers , Pennsylvania James S. Negley , Pennsylvania Jackson Orr , Iowa
P-Q-R Jasper Packard , Indiana John B. Packer , Pennsylvania Francis W. Palmer , Iowa Isaac C. Parker , Missouri Erasmus D. Peck , Ohio James M. Pendleton , Rhode Island Legrand W. Perce , Mississippi Aaron F. Perry , Ohio John A. Peters , Maine James H. Platt, Jr. , Virginia Luke P. Poland , Vermont Charles H. Porter , Virginia Elizur H. Prindle , New York Joseph H. Rainey , South Carolina Ellis H. Roberts , New York Jeremiah M. Rusk , Wisconsin S-T-U-V Aaron A. Sargent , California Philetus Sawyer , Wisconsin Glenni W. Scofield , Pennsylvania John E. Seeley , New York Walter L. Sessions , New York John P. C. Shanks , Indiana Lionel A. Sheldon , Louisiana Samuel Shellabarger , Ohio Lazarus D. Shoemaker , Pennsylvania H. Boardman Smith , New York John A. Smith , Ohio Worthington C. Smith , Vermont Henry Snapp , Illinois Oliver P. Snyder , Arkansas Thomas J. Speer , Georgia William P. Sprague , Ohio Charles St. John , New York Henry H. Starkweather , Connecticut Job E. Stevenson , Ohio William L. Stoughton , Michigan William H. H. Stowell , Virginia Julius L. Strong , Connecticut J. Hale Sypher , Louisiana John Taffe , Nebraska Charles R. Thomas , North Carolina Washington Townsend , Pennsylvania Benjamin S. Turner , Alabama Ginery Twichell , Massachusetts James N. Tyner , Indiana William H. Upson , Ohio W-X-Y-Z Seth Wakeman , New York Madison M. Walden , Iowa Henry Waldron , Michigan Alexander S. Wallace , South Carolina Josiah T. Walls , Florida William B. Washburn , Massachusetts William A. Wheeler , New York Richard H. Whiteley , Georgia Charles W. Willard , Vermont William Williams , Indiana Jeremiah M. Wilson , Indiana John T. Wilson , Ohio
Changes in membership [ edit ] The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.
Senate replacements: 1
deaths: 1
resignations: 2
contested elections: 4
Total seats with changes: 7
House of Representatives replacements: 10
deaths: 3
resignations: 7
contested election: 5
Total seats with changes: 15
Senate Other
House of Representatives
Martis, Kenneth C. (1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress . New York: Macmillan Publishing Company. Martis, Kenneth C. (1982). The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts . New York: Macmillan Publishing Company. 
