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Spartanburg Spartans
Minor league affiliations
ClassClass D (1907–1912)
Class C (1919–1920)
Class B (1921–1929)
Class D (1931)
Class B (1938–1940)
LeagueSouth Carolina League (1907)
Carolina Association (1908–1912)
South Atlantic League (1919–1929)
Palmetto League (1931)
South Atlantic League (1938–1940)
Major league affiliations
TeamCleveland Indians (1938–1939)
Minor league titles
League titles (1)
  • 1925
Conference titles (0)None
Wild card berths (0)None
Team data
NameSpartanburg Spartans (1907–1911)
Spartanburg Red Sox (1912)
Spartanburg Pioneers (1919–1921)
Spartanburg Spartans (1922–1929, 1931, 1938–1940)
BallparkWofford Park (1907–1912, 1919–1925)
Duncan Park (1926–1929, 1931, 1938–1940)

The Spartanburg Spartans were a long running minor league baseball franchise based in Spartanburg, South Carolina. Between 1907 to 1940, the Spartanburg Spartans teams played as members of the Class B level South Atlantic League, winning the 1925 league championship.

Beginning in 1926, Spartanburg hosted home minor league games at Duncan Park, which is still in use today.

History

[edit]

Minor league baseball began in Spartanburg, North Carolina in 1904, when the "Spartanburg" team played the season as members of the independent Carolina Interstate League.[1] The Ashville, Brevard and Henderson teams joined with Spartanburg in the four-team league.[2]

1907: South Carolina League

[edit]

In 1907, Spartanburg resumed minor league play as members of the six-team Class D level South Carolina League, which reformed.[3][4] The Anderson Electricians, Darlington Fiddlers, Greenville Edistoes, Orangeburg Cotton Pickers and Sumter Gamecocks teams joined with the Spartanburg Spartans in beginning league play on May 20, 1907.[5]

In their first season of South Caroling League play, Spartanburg ended the 1907 season in third place.[6] With record of 36–34, playing the season under manager John McMakin the Spartans ended the season 9.5 games behind the first place Sumpter Gamecocks in the final standings.[7]

Player/Manager John McMackin was a native of Spartanburg, South Carolina. Mcmackin had pitched 4 games in the major leagues for the Brooklyn Superbas in 1902.[8] Before becoming the Spartanburg manager, McMackin coached the Clemson Tigers baseball team at Clemson University, where he had played, becoming the first Clemson Tiger to advance to the major leagues. McMackin coached the Clemson baseball team from 1904 to 1906.[9] McMackin replaced his former coach John Heisman, namesake of the Heisman Trophy as the baseball coach at Clemson.[10][11] At age 29, the 1907 season was his last in professional baseball. McMackin pitched in 10 games, played the outfield and batted .266 with 13 stolen bases for the Spartans in 55 games.[12]

The South Carolina League continued play as a four-team league in the 1908 season without Spartanburg as a member. The Sumter Gamecocks defended their title, followed by the Chester Collegians, Rock Hill Catawbas and Orangeburg Edistoes in the final standings as the South Carolina permanently folded following the 1908 season.[13]

1908 to 1912: Carolina Association

[edit]

Spartanburg left the South Carolina League to join a new league in 1908. With the Spartanburg Spartans as a charter member, the Carolina Association began play as a six–team Class D level league in the 1908 season.[3] The Anderson Electricians of Anderson, South Carolina, Charlotte Hornets of Charlotte, North Carolina, Greensboro Champs of Greenville, South Carolina, Greenville Spinners of Greenville, South Carolina, and Winston-Salem Twins of Winston-Salem, North Carolina teams joined with Spartanburg in beginning league play. The same six franchises played for the five season duration of the league.[14][15][16]

In their first season of play, the 1908 Carolina Association played a regular season without playoffs, which continued throughout their existence. The 1908 final standings featured the Greensboro Champs (51–38), Spartanburg Spartans (49–39), Greenville Spinners]] (48–36), Winston-Salem Twins (41–48), Charlotte Hornets (40–47) and Anderson Electricians (32–53).[14][15][3]

On May 9, 1908, Spartanburg turned a triple play against the Greensboro Champs.[17]

With their 49–39 record in 1908, Spartanburg ended the season in third place in the six–team league regular season, finishing 41.0 games behind the first-place Charlotte Hornets. Spartanburg played the season under manager Carlton Buesse.[4][3] of Spartanburg led the with 19 home runs and pitcher had 19 wins to lead the South Atlantic League.[3] Player/manager Carlton Buesse hit .246 playing in 83 games for Spartanburg.[18]

Spartanburg ended the season in last place in the 1909 Carolina Association final standings. were won by for the second consecutive season by Greensboro. The Greensboro Patriots (65–44) were followed by the Anderson Electricians (63–48), Winston-Salem Twins (54–52), Greenville Spinners (61–51), Winston-Salem Twins (54–52) and Spartanburg Spartans (40–71). Managed by the returning Carlton Buesse. Spartanburg ended the season .0.0 games behind the first place Greensboro Patriots in the Class D level league.[19][20][3] Player/manager Carlton Buesse hit .232 playing in 93 games for Spartanburg.[21]

Continuing play in 1910, Spartanburg placed fifth in the six-team Class D level Carolina Association. The Greenville Spinners (63–40) were the 1910 Carolina Association champions and finished 5.5 games ahead of Spartanburg, who was managed by Andy Roth and Bob Wood. The Spartans ended the season with a 50–57 record. Following Greenville in the standings were the Charlotte Hornets (56–50), Anderson Electricians (56–54), Winston-Salem Twins (51–57), Spartanburg and Greensboro Champs (46–64).[22][23][3]

Bill Laval became the Spartanburg player/manager in 1911, his first season serving as a manager at age 26.[24]

Spartanburg ended the season in fifth place in the 1911 Carolina Association final standings. Managed by Bill Laval, the Spartans finished 0.0. games behind the first place Winston-Salem Twins (72–37) in the final standings of the Class D level league. Spartanburg had a final record of 44–63. The Greensboro Patriots (66–43), Charlotte Hornets (52–58), Anderson Electricians (48–59), Spartanburg Spartans (44–63) and Greenville Spinners (42–64) rounded out the 1911 final standings.[25][26][3]

Bill Laval returned as manager as the Spartanburg team became known as the "Red Sox" for the 1912 Carolina Association season.[27] Spartanburg placed fourth in the Class D level league's final season of play. With a 54–55 record, the Red Sox ended the season 0.0 games behind the 1912 Carolina Association champion Anderson Electricians (66–44) in the final standings. Anderson was followed by the Winston-Salem Twins (63–47), Charlotte Hornets (61–46), Spartanburg Red Sox, Greensboro Patriots (51–59) and Greenville Spinners (34–78).[28][29][3]

Following the conclusion of the 1912 season, the Carolina Association evolved to become the Class D level North Carolina State League, which played without the Spartanburg franchise. The three South Carolina based franchises folded as the North Carolina State League continued play in the three South Carolina franchises as members.[30][31][32][3]

1919 to 1929: South Atlantic League

[edit]

After a six-season hiatus, Spartanburg returned to minor league play in 1919, when the Spartanburg "Pioneers" became members of six team. Class C level South Atlantic League.[33] Founded in 1904, the league was nicknamed the SALLY League and reformed after not playing in the 1918 season.[34][35] Spartanburg continued play at Wofford Park.[36] The Augusta Dollies, Charleston Sea Gulls, Charlotte Hornets, Columbia Comers and Greenville Spinners teams joined with Spartanburg in beginning South Atlantic League play on May 19, 1919.[37]

The Pioneers finished last in their first season After placing sixth with a 33–64 regular season record, finishing 4.0 behind the first place Anderson Rebels. H.A. Dandy Overton, Warren Wilson, Parson Perryman and Doug Harbison managed the Pioneers during the season.[3][38] Pitcher of Spartanburg led the South Atlantic League with 19 wins.[3]

In 1920 renamed to the Spartanburg Pioneers finished in next to last place in the South Atlantic League regular season. With Kerby Farrell returning as manager, Spartanburg continued play as a Cleveland Indians affiliate and ended the 1948 season with a record of 68–77, placing seventh in the standings of the eight-team South Atlantic League.[39][40] The Pioneers finished 26.5 games behind the first place Asheville Tourists and did not qualify for the playoffs, won by the Fayetteville Cubs.[41][3] Spartanburg's hit 29 home runs to lead the South Atlantic League.[3]

Al Bridwell was hired to manage Spartanburg in 1921.

1921 Spartanburg Pioneers advanced to the South Atlantic League playoff finals, as the league became a Class B level league.[42] Spartanburg ended South Atlantic League regular season with a record of 81–60, placing second in the eight-team league and finishing 2.0 games behind the first place Florence Steelers as Al Bridwell and Mike Kelly managed Spartanburg. Florence won the championship by defeating the Spartanburg 4 games to 2 in the finals.[43][44][3]

Manager Mike Kelly began a nine-season tenure as the Spartanburg manager.

1922 Spartanburg Spartans South Atlantic League playoffs, as Kerby Farrell again managed the team as a Cleveland Indians affiliate.[45] The Peaches ended the 1950 Tri–State League regular season with a record of 80–63 to place third, finishing. 7.0 games behind the first place Knoxville Smokies. Mike Kelly.[15][14][3] Spartanburg pitcher John Carmichael had 19 wins to lead the South Atlantic League.[3]

1923 Spartanburg Spartans captured the South Atlantic League championship.[46] Under manager Mike Kelly, Spartanburg continued as a Cleveland Indians affiliate and placed fourth with a 73–67 record in the regular season, finishing 27.0 games behind the first place Charlotte Hornets.[47][3] Spartanburg's led the South Atlantic League with both 44 home runs and 154 RBI.[3]

1924 Spartanburg Spartans Spartanburg continued in the eight-team Class B level South Atlantic League qualified for the playoffs for a fourth straight season and advanced to the finals.[48] The Peaches ended the Tri-State League regular season with a record of 83-55, placing third in the standings, 5.5 games behind the first place Gastonia Rockets. Merrill "Pinky" May served as the Spartanburg manager. In the first round of the four-team playoffs, the Spartanburg Peaches defeated the Gastonia three games to two. Advancing to the finals, the Peaches lost to the Charlotte Hornets 4 games to 1.[49][3] Pitcher of Spartanburg had 21 wins to lead the South Atlantic League.[3]

1925 Spartanburg Spartans won the South Atlantic League championship to six teams.[3][50] Playing under manager Mike Kelly, the Spartans won the regular season by a large margin, placing first the South Atlantic League regular season standings with a 96–54 record, finishing 13.0 games ahead of the second place Ashville Tourists. manager Mike Kelly.[3][51] Spartanburg pitcher had 24 wins to lead the league.[3]

(2016) Duncan Park Stadium. The ballpark is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Duncan Park opened in 1926, hosting the Spartanburg Spartans.

1926 Spartanburg Spartans qualified for the South Atlantic League playoffs for a sixth straight season, as the league continued as a six-team Class B level league.[52] With a final regular season record of 66–72, the Peaches placed fourth. Mike Kelly remained as manager Spartans ended the regular season 19.0 games behind the first place Ashville Tourists.[53][3]

1927 Spartanburg Spartans the final season of their South Atlantic League play, [54][55] With the Ashville Tourists, Greenville Spinners and Rock Hill Chiefs teams in the league, the Peaches played a final season as a Cleveland Indians affiliate and ended their last season with a record of 74–44, playing under manager Spud Chandler. The Peaches won the league pennant, finishing 12.5 games ahead of second place Greenville in the overall standings. manager Mike Kelly.[56][3]

After retiring as a player following the 1929 season, manager Mike Kelly left Spartanburg, He spent the 1930 and 1931 seasons as a coach for the Chicago White Sox.[57] In 1934, after managing in the minors he was a coach for the Chicago Cubs.[58] He later served as a coach with the Boston Braves in 1938 and 1939 and Pittsburgh Pirates in 1939 and 1940.[59][60][61]

1931: Palmetto League / partial season

[edit]

The Palmetto League formed for the 1931 season as a Class D level minor league.[62] The four–team league, began without Spartanburg as a member, as the Anderson Electrics, Augusta Wolves, Florence Pee Deans) and Greenville Spinners teams began league play on April 27, 1931.[15][3][63]

On June 29, 1931, at the end of the first–half of the spilt season schedule, the Anderson Electrics franchise moved to Spartanburg with a record of 14–40. The Spartanburg "Spartans" played their first home game in Spartanburg on July 2, 1931.[15]

On July 23, 1931, the four-team Palmetto League folded with Spartanburg in last place. Due to "financial difficulties" the league ceased operations before the end of the season..[64][15]. Augusta was in first place of the second half standings when the league folded and the Wolves also led the final overall Palmetto League standings. Augusta ended the season with a 53–23 record, finishing 9.0 games ahead of the 2nd place Florence Pee Deans and 30.0 game ahead of Anderson/Spartanburg team, who ended the season with a record of the 28–58, after compiling a 14–18 record in Spartanburg.[65][15][3][66] The Anderson/Spartanburg team was managed during the season by Joe Guyon, Ken McNeill and Frank Walker.

Player/manager Joe Guyon had Guyon had served as the coach of the Clemson Tigers baseball team at Clemson University from 1928 to 1931.[67] Guyon was also a professional football player during the era. Guyon was elected to the Pro Football Hall of Fame in 1966.[68] Guyon was of Indian descent has attended the Carlisle Indian Industrial School. There he played football with Jim Thorpe before transferring to Georgia Tech, where he played football for Coach John Heisman. Guyon played professional football as a teammate of Thrope and was on the New York Giants team that won the 1927 NFL Championship.[69][70]

1938 to 1940: South Atlantic League

[edit]

In 1938, the Spartanburg Spartans resumed play as members of the Class B level South Atlantic League. The league expanded from a six-team league to an eight-team league, adding Spartanburg and the Greenville Spinners (Washington Senators affiliate) as expansion teams.[71] The returning Augusta Tigers (New York Yankees), Columbia Senators (Cincinnati Reds), Columbus Red Birds (St. Louis Cardinals), Jacksonville Tars, Macon Peaches and Savannah Indians (Pittsburgh Pirates) teams joined Spartanburg with and Greenville in beginning league play on April 26, 1938.[72]

The Spartans were a minor league affiliate of the Cleveland Indians. Spartanburg ended the 1938 season in seventh place with a record of 54–82. managers Eddie Moore (27-37) and Chick Galloway. With their seventh-place finish Spartanburg did not qualify for the four-team playoffs

Spartanburg finished in last place in the 1939 South Atlantic League final regular season standings. With a record of 51–87, the Spartans placed eighth in the eight-team league, playing the season under manager Leon Pettit. The Spartans did not qualify for the playoffs[73]

Spartanburg relocated during the 1940 season, and again finished in last place. On July 15, 1940, Spartanburg relocated to become the Charleston Rebels. The Spartanburg Spartans had a 28–58 record at the time of the move. After compiling a record of 16–48 while based in Charleston, the team ended the season with a final record of 44–106 Cecil Rhodes managed the team. Did not qualify for the playoffs. The Charleston Rebels franchise remained in the South Atlantic League through the 1953 season. Today, the Charleston RiverDogs continue minor play as members of the Carolina Leage.[74]

The 1940 Spartanburg Spartans were succeeded in minor league play by the 1947 Spartanburg Peaches, who began a tenure as members of the Class B level Tri-State League[75].[3] When the Tri-State League did not return to play in 1956, minor league baseball returned to Spartanburg in 1963, when the Spartanburg Phillies began another Spartanburg tenure as members of the South Atlantic League.[76][3][77]

Today, the Hub City Spartanburgers continue play as members of the South Atlantic League, based in Spartanburg.[78]

(2015) Shibe Park seats at Duncan Park Stadium

The ballparks

[edit]

Through the 1925 season, the Spartanburg minor league teams played home games at Wofford Park. In the era, the ballpark was located near the campus of Wofford College and was also called College Park. Wofford Park was located at East Cleveland Street & Evins Street in Spartanburg.[79] Today, the former ballpark location is adjacent to Gibbs Stadium and Snyder Field on the Wofford College campus.[80][81]

Beginning in 1926 Spartanburg teams began play at Duncan Park.[82] Duncan Park was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2016.[83] The Duncan Park ballpark hosted its first game on July 8, 1926, when the Spartanburg Spartans defeated the Macon Peaches by the score of 5-1.[84] The 102-acre Duncan Park was founded in 1926 and the ballpark was constructed within the public park.[85]

In 1937, the New York Yankees played an exhibition game at Duncan Park as the team was returning from their spring training. Six future members of the Baseball Hall of Fame: Lou Gehrig, Bill Dickey, Lefty Gomez, Tony Lazzeri, Red Ruffing and Joe DiMaggio played in the game .[76]

Negro league baseball teams played games Duncan Park, with Hank Aaron, Satchel Paige, Larry Doby, and Jackie Robinson playing in games held at the ballpark.[86] When Shibe Park in Philadelphia was demolished, Duncan Park received 582 seats from the old stadium.[87][88]

Today, Duncan Park is still in use as a public park with the ballpark within. The park is located at 1000 Duncan Park Drive in Spartanburg, South Carolina.[89]

Timeline

[edit]
Year(s) # Yrs. Team Level League Affiliate Ballpark
1907 1 Spartanburg Spartans Class D South Carolina League None Wofford Park
1908–1911 4 Carolina Association
1912 1 Spartanburg Red Sox
1919–1920 2 Spartanburg Pioneers Class C South Atlantic League
1921 1 Class B
1922–1925 4 Spartanburg Spartans
1926–1929 4 Duncan Park
1931 1 Class D Palmetto League
1938–1939 2 Class B South Atlantic League Cleveland Indians
1940 1 None

Year–by–year records

[edit]
Year Record Finish Manager Playoffs
1907 36–34 3rd John McMakin No playoffs held
1908 49–39 3rd Carlton Buesse No playoffs held
1909 40–71 6th Carlton Buesse No playoffs held
1910 50–57 5th Andy Roth / Bob Wood No playoffs held
1911 44–63 5th Bill Laval No playoffs held
1912 54–55 4th Bill Laval No playoffs held
1919 33–64 6th H.A. Dandy Overton / Warren Wilson /
Parson Perryman / Doug Harbison		 No playoffs held
1920 56–65 3rd Doug Harbison No playoffs held
1921 61–86 5th Al Bridwell / Mike Kelly No playoffs held
1922 63–68 4th Mike Kelly No playoffs held
1923 74–66 4th Mike Kelly No playoffs held
1924 62–59 3rd Mike Kelly No playoffs held
1925 80–49 1st Mike Kelly No playoffs held
League Champions
1926 74–74 5th Mike Kelly No playoffs held
1927 81–67 2nd Mike Kelly No playoffs held
1928 73–72 4th Mike Kelly No playoffs held
1929 59–84 8th Mike Kelly No playoffs held
1931 18–58 4th Joe Guyon / Ken McNeill /
Frank Walker		 Anderson (14-40) moved to Spartanburg June 29
League disbanded July 23
1938 54–82 7th Eddie Moore (27-37) / Chick Galloway (27-45) Did not qualify
1939 51–87 8th Leon Pettit Did not qualify
1940 44–106 8th Cecil Rhodes Did not qualify
Team (28–58) moved to Charleston July 15

Notable alumni

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "1904 Spartanburg Statistics". Baseball-Reference.com.
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  4. ^ a b https://www.baseball-reference.com/register/league.cgi?id=0252d3ea
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  57. ^ "White Sox Coaches". Chicago White Sox. Archived from the original on February 25, 2007. Retrieved April 9, 2009.
  58. ^ "Cubs Coaches". Chicago Cubs. Archived from the original on February 5, 2007. Retrieved April 9, 2009."Kelly to Coach Cubs". New York Times. November 18, 1933.
  59. ^ "Kelly New Aide to Frisch". New York Times. October 6, 1939.
  60. ^ Balinger, Edward F. (October 16, 1941). "Buccos Drop Mike Kelly As Coach". Pittsburgh Post-Gazette.
  61. ^ Caruso, Gary (1995). The Braves Encyclopedia. Temple University Press. pp. 496. ISBN 1-56639-384-1.
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  63. ^ Reichard, Kevin (November 5, 2008). "Palmetto League".
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  67. ^ https://www.georgiasportshalloffame.com/class-of-1972
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  69. ^ https://www.georgiasportshalloffame.com/class-of-1972
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  74. ^ https://www.milb.com/charleston
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  76. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference auto2 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  77. ^ "1963 Spartanburg Phillies Statistics". Baseball-Reference.com.
  78. ^ https://www.milb.com/hub-city
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  80. ^ E Cleveland St & Evins St Spartanburg SC (Map). Google Maps.
  81. ^ https://www.wofford.edu/about/links-resources/campus-map
  82. ^ "Duncan Park in Spartanburg, SC minor league baseball history and teams on StatsCrew.com". www.statscrew.com.
  83. ^ "SC Historic Properties Record : National Register Listing : Duncan Park Stadium [S10817742072]". schpr.sc.gov.
  84. ^ Henderson, Gary (September 2, 1997). "Glory days still fresh for reunited players American Legion Champs: The boy of 1936". Spartanburg Herald-Journal. p. A-1.
  85. ^ "A part of Spartanburg for a century, Duncan Park is set for redevelopment". September 5, 2023.
  86. ^ Lavender, Chris (February 19, 2020). "Film explores Negro League baseball players experiences". Spartanburg Herald-Journal. Retrieved September 21, 2020.
  87. ^ Lowry, Philip (2006). Green Cathedrals. Walker & Company. p. 176. ISBN 978-0-8027-1608-8.
  88. ^ "Duncan Park - Ball Parks of the Minor Leagues | littleballparks.com". February 18, 2020. Archived from the original on 2020-02-18.
  89. ^ "Duncan Park". Visit Spartanburg.
[edit]
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