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The Mayor of New York City is the chief executive of the government of New York City, as stipulated by the Charter of the City of New York. The current Mayor of New York City, the 109th in the sequence of regular mayors, is Bill de Blasio, a Democrat.

During the Dutch colonial period from 1624 to 1664, New Amsterdam was governed by the Director of New Netherland. The office of Mayor of New York was established in 1665 and were appointed by colonial governors until 1777. The year prior, New York was run by Richard Nicolls, the British military governor of the Province of New York. Thomas Willett was the first person to be specifically appointed mayor.

In 1777, during the American Revolution, a Council of Appointment was formed by New York State. In 1821 the New York City Council – then known as the Common Council – began appointing mayors.

Since 1834, mayors have been elected by direct popular vote.[citation needed]

Before 1898, the city included little beyond the island of Manhattan. The 1898 consolidation created the city as it is today with five boroughs: Manhattan, the Bronx, Brooklyn, Queens, and Staten Island.

The longest-serving mayors have been Fiorello H. La Guardia (1934–1945), Robert F. Wagner, Jr. (1954–1965), Ed Koch (1978–1989), and Michael Bloomberg (2002–2013) each of whom was in office for twelve years (three successive 4-year terms). The shortest terms in office since 1834 have been those of acting mayors: Thomas Coman (five weeks from Monday, November 30, 1868, to Monday, January 4, 1869) and Samuel B. H. Vance (one month from November 30 to December 31, 1874), in addition to the purely nominal single day that William T. Collins served in 1925.

Every mayor so far, with the solitary exception of David Dinkins from 1990 to 1993, has been a non-Hispanic white man. Mayors have come from a variety of ethnic groups and held a variety of religions.[citation needed]

Colonial mayors

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Before 1680, mayors served one-year terms. As of 1680, they served two-year terms. Exceptions are noted thus (*). A dagger (†) indicates mayoralties cut short by death in office. [When the same man served more than one continuous term, his name is lightly shaded purely for clarity, but the tints have no other significance.]

No.[1] Name Starting year of Office Ending year of Office
1 Thomas Willett (1st term) 1665 1666
2 Thomas Delavall (1st term) 1666 1667
3 Thomas Willett (2nd term) 1667 1668
4 Cornelius Van Steenwyk (1st term) 1668 1671
5 Thomas Delavall (2nd term) 1671 1672
6 Matthias Nicoll 1672 1673
7 John Lawrence (1st term) 1673 1675
8 William Dervall 1675 1676
9 Nicholas De Mayer 1676 1677
10 Stephanus Van Cortlandt (1st term) 1677 1678
11 Thomas Delavall (3rd term) 1678 1679
12 Francis Rombouts 1679 1680
13 William Dyre 1680 1682
14 Cornelius Van Steenwyk (2nd term) 1682 1684
15 Gabriel Minvielle (*) 1684 1685
16 Nicholas Bayard (*) 1685 1686
17 Stephanus Van Cortlandt (2nd term) 1686 1688
18 Peter Delanoy 1 1689 1691
19 John Lawrence (2nd term *) 1691 1691
20 Abraham de Peyster 1691 1694
21 Charles Lodwik 1694 1695
22 William Merritt 1695 1698
23 Johannes de Peyster 1698 1699
24 David Provost 1699 1700
25 Isaac De Reimer 1700 1701
26 Thomas Noell 1701 1702
27 Phillip French 1702 1703
28 William Peartree 1703 1707
29 Ebenezer Wilson 1707 1710
30 Jacobus Van Cortlandt (1st term) 1710 1711
31 Caleb Heathcote 1711 1714
32 John Johnstone 1714 1719
33 Jacobus Van Cortlandt (2nd term) 1719 1720
34 Robert Walters 1720 1725
35 Johannes Jansen 1725 1726
36 Robert Lurting 1726 1735
37 Paul Richard 1735 1739
38 John Cruger 1739 1744
39 Stephen Bayard 1744 1747
40 Edward Holland 1747 1757
41 John Cruger, Jr. 1757 1766
42 Whitehead Hicks 1766 1776
43 David Matthews 1776 1783

Note

  1. Peter Delanoy was the first and only directly-elected mayor of New York[2] until 1834. Appointed mayors resumed in the wake of Leisler's Rebellion.

died in office

Pre-consolidation mayors

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After 1820, the mayor was appointed by the city's Common Council. Under the Charter of 1834, mayors were elected annually. After 1849, they served two-year terms.

# Mayor Term start Term end Terms   Party
44 James Duane January 1, 1784 1789 5 None
45 Richard Varick 1789 1801 2 Federalist
46 Edward Livingston 1801 1803 2 Democratic-Republican
47 DeWitt Clinton (1st term) 1803 1807 4 Democratic-Republican
48 Marinus Willett 1807 1808 1 Democratic-Republican[3]
49 DeWitt Clinton (2nd term) 1808 1810 2 Democratic-Republican
50 Jacob Radcliff (1st term) 1810 1811 1 Federalist
51 DeWitt Clinton (3rd term) 1811 1815 4 Democratic-Republican
52 John Ferguson 1815 1815 12 Democratic-Republican
53 Jacob Radcliff (2nd term) 1815 February 13 1818 3 Federalist
54 Cadwallader D. Colden 1818 1821 3 Federalist
55 Stephen Allen 1821 1824 3 Federalist
56 William Paulding Jr. (1st term) 1825 1826 1 Democratic-Republican
57 Philip Hone 1826 1827 1 National Republican
58 William Paulding Jr. (2nd term) 1827 1829 2 Democratic-Republican
59 Walter Bowne 1829 1832 3 Democratic
60 Gideon Lee 1833 1834 1 Democratic
61 Cornelius Lawrence 1834 1837 3 Democratic
62 Aaron Clark 1837 1839 2 Whig
63 Isaac L. Varian 1839 1841 2 Democratic
64 Robert H. Morris 1841 1844 3 Democratic
65 James Harper 1844 1845 1 American Republican
66 William F. Havemeyer (1st term) 1845 1846 1 Democratic
67 Andrew H. Mickle 1846 1847 1 Democratic
68 William V. Brady 1847 1848 1 Whig
69 William F. Havemeyer (2nd term) 1848 1849 1 Democratic
70 Caleb S. Woodhull 1849 1851 1 Whig
71 Ambrose Kingsland 1851 1853 1 Whig
72 Jacob A. Westervelt 1853 1855 1 Democratic
73 Fernando Wood (1st term) 1855 1858 2 Democratic
74 Daniel F. Tiemann 1858 1860 1 American
75 Fernando Wood (2nd term) 1860 1862 1 Democratic
76 George Opdyke 1862 1864 1 Republican
77 Charles G. Gunther 1864 1866 1 Democratic
78 John T. Hoffman1 1866 1868 November 30 less than 1 Democratic
Acting Thomas Coman 1 1868 November 30 1869 January 4 5 weeks Democratic
79 Abraham Oakey Hall 1869 January 4 1872 December 31 1 Republican
80 William F. Havemeyer 2(3rd term) 1873 January 1 1874 November 30 less than 1 Republican
Acting Samuel B. H. Vance 2 1874 November 30 1874 December 31 1 month Republican
81 William H. Wickham 1875 January 1 1876 December 31 1 Democratic (Reform)
82 Smith Ely Jr. 1877 1878 1 Democratic
83 Edward Cooper 1879 1880 1 Democratic (Reform)
84 William R. Grace (1st term) 1881 1882 1 Democratic (Reform)
85 Franklin Edson 1883 1884 1 Democratic
86 William R. Grace (2nd term) 1885 1886 2 None
87 Abram Hewitt 1887 1888 1 Democratic
88 Hugh J. Grant 1889 1892 2 Democratic
89 Thomas F. Gilroy 1893 1894 1 Democratic
90 William L. Strong 3 1895 January 1 1897 December 31 1
(3 years)
Republican

Notes

  1. John T. Hoffman resigned after his election as Governor of New York state but before the end of his mayoral term.[4] Thomas Coman, President of the Board of Aldermen, completed Hoffman's term as acting mayor until his elected successor, A. Oakey Hall, took office.[5]
  2. William F. Havemeyer died during his last term of office. Samuel B. H. Vance, President of the Board of Aldermen, completed Havemeyer's term as acting mayor until his elected successor, William H. Wickham, took office.
  3. William L. Strong served an additional year in office because New York City mayoral elections were changed to be held in odd-numbered years due to the impending consolidation of New York City.

died in office

Post-consolidation mayors

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The 1898–1901 term was for four years. The City Charter was changed to make the mayor's term a two-year one beginning in 1902, but after two such terms was changed back to resume four-year terms in 1906. George B. McClellan, Jr. thus served one two-year term from 1904 to 1905, during which he was elected to a four-year term from 1906 to 1909. See New York City mayoral elections#Terms and term limits (since 1834).

The party of the mayor reflects party registration, as opposed to the party lines run under during the general election.

#[1] Portrait Name Term in office Length of Service Party affiliation Previous office
91 Robert A. Van Wyck
(1849–1918; aged 69)
January 1, 1898

December 31, 1901
4 years   Democratic None
92 Seth Low 1
(1850–1916; aged 66)
January 1, 1902

December 31, 1903
2 years   Republican 11th President of Columbia University
(1890–1901)
93 George B. McClellan Jr.
(1865–1940; aged 75)
January 1, 1904

December 31, 1909
6 years   Democratic U.S. Representative for New York
(1895–1903)
94 William Jay Gaynor 2
(1849–1913; aged 64)
January 1, 1910

September 10, 1913
3 years, 253 days   Democratic Judge to the New York Supreme Court
(1893–1909)
Acting2 Ardolph L. Kline September 10, 1913

December 31, 1913
113 days   Republican President of Board of Aldermen
95 John P. Mitchel
(1879–1918; aged 38)
January 1, 1914

December 31, 1917
4 years   Republican U.S. Customs Collector of the Port of New York;
President of Board of Aldermen
96 John F. Hylan[6]
(1868–1936; aged 67)
January 1, 1918

December 30, 1925
8 years   Democratic None
Acting William T. Collins December 31, 1925[6] 1 day   Democratic
97 Jimmy Walker 3
(1881–1946; aged 65)
January 1, 1926

September 1, 1932
6 years, 244 days   Democratic New York State Senator
(1919–1925)
Acting3 Joseph V. McKee September 1, 1932 –
December 31, 1932
121 days
(4 months)
  Democratic President of theCity Council
98 John P. O'Brien
(1873–1951; aged 78)
January 1, 1933

December 31, 1933
1 year   Democratic None
99 Fiorello H. La Guardia
(1882–1947; aged 64)
January 1, 1934

December 31, 1945
12 years   Republican[7] U.S. Representative for New York
(1922–1933)
100 William O'Dwyer 4
(1890–1964; aged 74)
January 1, 1946

August 31, 1950
4 years, 243 days
(4 years, 8 months)
  Democratic Brooklyn District Attorney
(1939–1945)
Acting5 Vincent R. Impellitteri5
(1900–1987; aged 86)
August 31, 1950

November 14, 1950
75 days   Democratic
(as acting mayor)
President of the City Council
(1945–1949)
101 November 14, 1950

December 31, 1953
3 years, 48 days   Experience Party
as elected mayor
Acting Mayor
102 Robert F. Wagner Jr.
(1910–1991; aged 80)
January 1, 1954

December 31, 1965
12 years   Democratic 17th Borough President of Manhattan
(1950–1953)
103 John Lindsay
(1921–2000; aged 79)
January 1, 1966

December 31, 1973
8 years   Republican U.S. Representative for New York
(1959–1965)
  Democratic
104 Abraham Beame
(1906–2001; aged 94)
January 1, 1974

December 31, 1977
4 years   Democratic 38th New York City Comptroller
(1970–1973)
105 Ed Koch
(1924–2013; aged 88)
January 1, 1978

December 31, 1989
12 years   Democratic U.S. Representative for New York
(1973–1977)
106 David Dinkins
(born in 1927; aged 89)
January 1, 1990

December 31, 1993
4 years   Democratic 23rd Borough President of Manhattan
(1986–1989)
107 Rudy Giuliani
(born in 1944; aged 72)
January 1, 1994

December 31, 2001
8 years   Republican United States Attorney for
the Southern District of New York

(1983–1989)
108 Michael Bloomberg 6
(born in 1942; aged 74)
January 1, 2002

December 31, 2013
12 years   Republican CEO of Bloomberg L.P.
(1981–2001)
  None
109 Bill de Blasio
(born in 1961; aged 55)
January 1, 2014

Incumbent
4 years   Democratic 3rd New York City Public Advocate
(2010–2013)

Notes

  1. Seth Low previously served as Mayor of the City of Brooklyn from 1882 to 1885.
  2. William Jay Gaynor died September 10, 1913. Ardolph L. Kline, the unelected President of the Board of Aldermen, succeeded as acting mayor upon William Gaynor's death, but then sought re-election as an alderman (successfully) rather than election as mayor. Kline has thus been the only mayor since 1834 never to win a city-wide election (having been appointed Vice President of the Board of Aldermen by his colleagues and then succeeding to the presidency mid-term, rather than winning it by popular election at large).
  3. James J. "Jimmy" Walker resigned September 1, 1932 and went to Europe, amid allegations of corruption in his administration. Joseph V. McKee, as President of the Board of Aldermen, became acting mayor in Walker's place, but was then defeated in a special election by John P. O'Brien.
  4. William O'Dwyer resigned August 31, 1950, during a police corruption scandal, after which he was appointed Ambassador to Mexico by President Harry S. Truman.
  5. Vincent R. Impellitteri, President of the New York City Council, became acting mayor when O'Dwyer resigned on August 31, 1950, and was then elected to the office in a special election held on November 7, 1950. He was inaugurated on November 14.
  6. Michael R. Bloomberg was a Democrat before running for mayor.

died in office

See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b "The Green Book: Mayors of the City of New York" on the official NYC website. When a former mayor serves again after a break in office, a new number is assigned to his resumed service. However, the six acting mayoralties are unnumbered.
  2. ^ Burrows, Edwin G. and Wallace, Mike (1999). Gotham: A History of New York City to 1898. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-195-11634-8. pp.99–100
  3. ^ John Caldwell; Oswaldo Rodriguez Roque; Dale T. Johnson (March 1, 1994). American Paintings in The Metropolitan Museum of Art. Vol. 1. Metropolitan Museum of Art. p. p.256. {{cite book}}: |page= has extra text (help)
  4. ^ "Local Intelligence — Board of Aldermen — Resignation of the Mayor". New York Times. November 17, 1868. p. 2. Retrieved December 15, 2016.
  5. ^ "Municipal Affairs — Organization of the Common Council — The Mayor's Message — The City Budget for 1869 — Comparison of Taxation in 1868 and 1869". New York Times. January 5, 1869. p. 2. Retrieved December 15, 2016.
  6. ^ a b "Hylan And Enright Out With Pensions; Last-Hour Shifts In Police Department; Walker Fills Important City Posts - Collins Mayor for a Day - Leach is the Active Head of the Police Force for the Last Day of 1925 - Hylan to Get $4,205 A Year - Retirement Voted by Board of Estimate, He Quits to Assure Pension - Enright to Draw $5,000 - Approval of His Retirement as Commissioner One of Hylan's Last Official Acts". New York Times. December 31, 1925. p. 1. Retrieved August 19, 2016.
  7. ^ "List of Candidates Who Will Be on Ballots in Municipal Election Nov. 7". New York Times. November 5, 1933. p. N2. Retrieved August 19, 2016.
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Category:Mayors of New York City New York City

Part II

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Intro

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The Mayor of New York City is the chief executive of the government of New York City, as stipulated by the Charter of the City of New York.

This list includes mayors who governed the city of New York at times when its territory was smaller than it is today. Before 1874, the city covered little or no land beyond the island of Manhattan, but later annexed territory in the area that formed the Borough of the Bronx in 1898. The city's consolidation in 1898 defined the current boundaries of the five boroughs: Manhattan, the Bronx, Brooklyn, Queens and Staten Island. See History of New York City.

The current Mayor of New York City, (and 109th in the sequence of regular mayors), is Bill de Blasio, a Democrat.

During the Dutch colonial period from 1625 to 1664, New Amsterdam was governed by a Director-General. For the year prior to the establishment of the office of Mayor of New York in 1665, New York was run by Richard Nicolls, who was the British military governor of the Province of New York. Thomas Willett was the first person to be specifically appointed mayor.

Mayors were appointed by provincial governors until 1777 when a Council of Appointment was formed by New York State. In 1821 the New York City Council – then known as the Common Council – began appointing mayors. Since 1834 mayors have been elected by direct popular vote.

The longest-serving mayors so far have been Fiorello H. La Guardia (1934–1945), Robert F. Wagner, Jr. (1954–1965), Edward I. Koch (1978–1989), and Michael Bloomberg (2002–2013) each of whom was in office for twelve years (three successive 4-year terms). The shortest terms in office since 1834 have been those of acting mayors Thomas Coman (five weeks from Monday, November 30, 1868, to Monday, January 4, 1869) and Samuel B. H. Vance (one month from November 30 to December 31, 1874).

Although being Mayor of New York City has been described as the "second toughest job in America" after the Presidency,[1] and although several mayors – most recently John Lindsay and Rudolph Giuliani – have sought the Presidency, no one person has yet held both positions. Indeed no sitting or former mayor has been elected to another public office since Ardolph Loges Kline (acting mayor in late 1913) was re-elected Alderman in 1913 and later elected in 1920 to his only term in Congress. Neither has any mayor so far (out of more than a hundred) been female, nor has any except David Dinkins been non-white.

Notes

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Notes:

  1. Seth Low previously served as Mayor of the City of Brooklyn from 1882 to 1885.
  2. William Jay Gaynor died September 10, 1913.
  3. Ardolph L. Kline, the unelected President of the Board of Aldermen, succeeded as acting Mayor upon William Gaynor's death, but then sought re-election as an Alderman (successfully) rather than election as Mayor. Kline has thus been the only mayor since 1834 never to win a city-wide election (having been appointed Vice President of the Board of Aldermen by his colleagues and then succeeding to the Presidency mid-term, rather than winning it by popular election at large).
  4. James J. "Jimmy" Walker resigned September 1, 1932 and went to Europe, amid allegations of corruption in his administration.
  5. Joseph V. McKee, as President of the Board of Aldermen, became Acting Mayor in Walker's place, but was then defeated in a special election by John P. O'Brien.
  6. William O'Dwyer resigned August 31, 1950, during a police corruption scandal, after which he was appointed Ambassador to Mexico by President Harry S. Truman.
  7. Vincent R. Impellitteri, President of the New York City Council, became Acting Mayor when O'Dwyer resigned on August 31, 1950, and was then elected to the office in a special election held on November 7, 1950. He was inaugurated on November 14.
  8. Michael R. Bloomberg was a Democrat before 2001.
  1. ^ Popik, Barry. ""'Second toughest job in America' (nyc mayor)" The Big Apple (December 31, 2007) (see the list of references from reliable sources in the entry)