User:Secretlondon/ABM

Russian Strategic Nuclear Forces:

First work 1948-51 at NII-4 and NI-885.

Decree to construct experimental ABM system 17 August 1956. System A - construction started July 1956. Test range A.

A-35 design: main command centre, 8 early warning radars in a circle with overlapping sectors + 32 battle stations. Oct 1967. MoD commission advised against full deployment of A35M. Reduced no of radars to the two that had been built - Kubinka (Akulovo) and Chekhov.

Tested in 1971 - main command centre, 1 dunay3 and 3 battle stations.

1st section experimental duty 1972. In 1974 second section on combat duty.

1974 experimental : main command at Akulovo + 8 battle stations - Bereya, Solnechnogorsk, klin, zagorsk (sergiyev posad) each had 2 tracking radars and 2 battle management radars and 16 A-350 launchers.

2 early warning radar: dunay-3 (designer VP Sosulnikov shared site with command centre). Dunay-3U (designer AN Musatov) is more modern. Both have 2 phased arrays in opposite directions.

Don-2N designed by RTI under supervision of VK Sloka. command centre near Sofrino.

4 sided pyramid about 40m tall. each face 16m diameter phased array and 10.4 x 10.4 one

6 positions along moscow major ring (old A-35 ones and 2 new ones). A350 exoatmosphereic interceptiors and S3T6 endoatmospheric interceptors.

Intermediate - 5 positions between Moscow beltway and Moscow minor ring.

Radars System-A RE-1 long range radar operational 1953 NII-37 (became NIIDAR?) range about 1,200 km then Dunay-2 NII-37 and TsSO-P radar from RTI

Zaloga 1997

Defending the capitals: The first generation of Soviet strategic air defense systems 1950–1960

Steven J. Zaloga

http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13518049708430317

Berkut (golden eagle) 1950. Name from Sergey Beria and P Kuksenko. 1953 renamed S-25. 2 concentric rings around Moscow. 85/90km and 45/50km from red sq. 2 ring roads from these. created 1953-5. took until 1958. 56 launch sites. 22 inner. 34 outer. 60 missile pads per site - distinctive appearance.

Dal (from Lavochkin).

Gobarev 2001

The early development of Russia's ballistic missile defense system Victor Gobarev

The Journal of Slavic Military Studies http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13518040108430478

System A - test range A at Sary Shagan july 1956 testing of system a began 1959 V-1000 interceptor first launch 11 oct 1957 1st successful 4 march 1961 - hit r-12 missile from Kapustin Yar

work on a-35 started in 1959. aldan - test model. designer G Kisunko of special design bureau no 30. new missile a-350 P Grushin (spec design bureau no 2). missile had nuclear component. needed to intercept several missiles simultaneously with a single warhead. outside the atmosphere

practical work installing began in 1965. sept 1967 only test version ready. Inability to deal with MIRVs 1967 - decided should not be fully implemented

A35

I think A-350 missile is ABM-1 Galosh. Sean O'connor says so ([1]) he says 8 intended, 4 completed.

Sean O'Connor's locations:

56°20′29.07″N 36°47′40.87″E / 56.3414083°N 36.7946861°E / 56.3414083; 36.7946861 (inactive) (klin)
56°09′01.26″N 36°30′13.38″E / 56.1503500°N 36.5037167°E / 56.1503500; 36.5037167 (inactive) (sol)
55°20′59.03″N 36°28′54.27″E / 55.3497306°N 36.4817417°E / 55.3497306; 36.4817417 (inactive) (vereya)
55°04′04.83″N 37°02′33.21″E / 55.0680083°N 37.0425583°E / 55.0680083; 37.0425583 (not completed) (oko control centre)
55°09′09.26″N 38°23′08.43″E / 55.1525722°N 38.3856750°E / 55.1525722; 38.3856750 (not completed, elements of one TRY ADD complex appear to be present) (now GRU satellite centre)
55°28′32.07″N 38°50′23.93″E / 55.4755750°N 38.8399806°E / 55.4755750; 38.8399806 (not completed) (nothing)
56°14′38.17″N 38°34′37.63″E / 56.2439361°N 38.5771194°E / 56.2439361; 38.5771194 (inactive) (sergiyev posad)
56°24′06.80″N 38°11′42.98″E / 56.4018889°N 38.1952722°E / 56.4018889; 38.1952722 (not completed, elements of one TRY ADD complex appear to be present) (munitions factory?)

All have S-25 Berkut next door

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A-35 anti-ballistic missile system. The black missiles are constructed A-350 missile sites, the unfilled missiles are planned sites, and the dishes are the two Dunay radars.

A135

A135 (from O'Connor)

56°14′33.01″N 38°34′27.29″E / 56.2425028°N 38.5742472°E / 56.2425028; 38.5742472 (51T6, 8 silos, non-operational)sergiyev posad
55°21′01.16″N 36°28′59.60″E / 55.3503222°N 36.4832222°E / 55.3503222; 36.4832222 (51T6, 8 silos, non-operational)(vereya)
55°54′04.11″N 37°18′28.30″E / 55.9011417°N 37.3078611°E / 55.9011417; 37.3078611 (53T6, 16 silos) 89th missile complex (Kurkino) zelenograd Сходня gangway
55°37′32.45″N 37°23′22.41″E / 55.6256806°N 37.3895583°E / 55.6256806; 37.3895583 (53T6, 12 silos) (Moskovskiy) "vnukovo"
55°34′39.04″N 37°46′17.67″E / 55.5775111°N 37.7715750°E / 55.5775111; 37.7715750 (53T6, 16 silos) (Razvilka) "Lytkarino"
55°52′41.09″N 37°53′36.50″E / 55.8780806°N 37.8934722°E / 55.8780806; 37.8934722 (53T6, 12 silos) (Vostochnyy) "Королёв" kingdom
56°10′51.97″N 37°47′16.81″E / 56.1811028°N 37.7880028°E / 56.1811028; 37.7880028 (53T6, 12 silos) Sofrino

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A-135 ABM system in Moscow Oblast. The black missiles are operational 53T6s, the unfilled missiles are formerly operational 51T6s and the dish is the Don-2N radar in Sofrino, which also has a 53T6 complex co located with it (data from O'Connor 2012)

Dal (Leningrad)

From O'Connor (2nd ref fixed)