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Subdivisions of Belgium

Subdivisions of Belgium

• 3 communities
• 3 regions
• 4 language areas
• 10 provinces
• 27 judicial arrondissements
• 43 administrative arrondissements
• 189 police zones
• 208 electoral cantons
• 225 judicial cantons
• 589 municipalities
• ? municipality sections (incl. 9 districts)

Electoral history

Verkiezing	Lijst	Plaats	Voorkeurstemmen	Resultaat
2003 - Kamer (kieskring Antwerpen)	N-VA	2		Niet verkozen
2004 - Vlaams Parlement (kiesking Antwerpen)	CD&V/N-VA	4	17.665	4de rechtstreeks verkozen
2006 - Gemeenteraad Antwerpen	CD&V/N-VA	3	4.095	2de rechtstreeks verkozen
2006 - Districtsraad Berchem	CD&V/N-VA	23
2007 - Kamer (kieskring Antwerpen)	CD&V/N-VA	2	41.962	2de rechtstreeks verkozen
2009 - Europees Parlement (Nederlands kiescollege)	N-VA
2009 - Vlaams Parlement (kieskring Antwerpen)	N-VA	1	123.155	1ste rechtstreeks verkozen
2010 - Senaat (Nederlands kiescollege)	N-VA	1	785.776	1ste rechtstreeks verkozen
2012 - Gemeenteraad Antwerpen	N-VA	1	77.732	1ste rechtstreeks verkozen
2012 - Districtsraad Deurne	N-VA	29	6.100	3de rechtstreeks verkozen
2014 - Kamer (kieskring Antwerpen)	N-VA	1	314.650	1ste rechtstreeks verkozen

Belgian party leadership elections

Open Vld

• 1992–1995 Guy Verhofstadt
• 1995–1997 Herman De Croo
• 1997–1999 Guy Verhofstadt
• 1999–2004 Karel De Gucht
• 2004 Dirk Sterckx

Open Vld leadership election, December 2004

Candidate	Votes	%
Bart Somers	13,414	50.46%
Jean-Marie Dedecker	10,187	38.32%
Patricia De Waele	1,712	6.44%
Jef Valkeniers	716	2.69%
Karin Brusselmans	417	1.56%
Christian De Stoop	140	0.53%
Valid votes	26,586
Total votes	27,110

Open Vld leadership election, March 2008

Candidate	Votes	%
Bart Somers	10,603	69.45%
Margriet Hermans	3,458	22.65%
Christian De Stoop	1,205	7.89%
Total votes	15,517

In June 2009, Bart Somers resigned as VLD chairman (following 2009 Flemish elections). Guy Verhofstadt becomes interim chairman.

Open Vld leadership election, December 2009

Candidate	1st round		2nd round
Alexander De Croo	7,230	35.69%	11,676	54.95%
Marino Keulen	7,391	36.48%	9,572	45.05%
Gwendolyn Rutten	5,638	27.87%
Total votes	20,290		21,290

In October 2012, Alexander De Croo becomes Deputy Prime Minister. Vincent Van Quickenborne becomes interim chairman.

Open Vld leadership election, December 2012

Candidate	Votes	%
Gwendolyn Rutten	12,101	59,42%
Egbert Lachaert	8,264	40.58%
Total votes	20,467

Early elections (Rutten as only candidate):

Open Vld leadership election, March 2016

Candidate	Votes	%
Gwendolyn Rutten	'	89.43%
Total votes	11,812

Election

2004 ←	4 November 2008		→ 2012
Outgoing office/body Person/members (Party) ← → Elected office/body Person/members (Party) Outgoing President George W. Bush (Republican) ← → Elected President Barack Obama (Democratic) Outgoing Congress ← → Elected Congress Outgoing Speaker John Boehner (Republican) ← → Elected Speaker John Boehner (Republican) Outgoing Parliament House members ← → Elected Parliament House members Outgoing Parliament Representatives Senators ← → Elected Parliament Representatives Senators Outgoing Government Di Rupo Government (sp.a, PS, CD&V, cdH, Open Vld, MR) ← → Formed Government Michel Government (N-VA, MR, CD&V, Open Vld) Outgoing Prime Minister Elio Di Rupo (PS) ← → New Prime Minister Charles Michel (MR) Outgoing Cabinet Second Merkel cabinet (CDU/CSU, FDP) ← → Formed Cabinet Third Merkel cabinet (CDU/CSU, SPD) Outgoing Chancellor Angela Merkel (CDU/CSU) ← → New Chancellor Angela Merkel (CDU/CSU)

Subdivisions of Belgium

unitary state	1	Kingdom of Belgium
provinces	9	West Flanders	East Flanders	Antwerp	Limburg	Brabant	Hainaut	Luxembourg	Namur	Liège
arrondissements	43	8	6	3	3	3	7	5	3	4
municipalities	589	64	65	70	44	111	69	44	38	84

federal state	1	Kingdom of Belgium
communities	3	Flemish Community						French Community						German- speaking Com.
regions	3	Flemish Region					Brussels Capital Region		Walloon Region
language areas	4	Dutch					bilingual		French					German
provinces	10	West Flanders	East Flanders	Antwerp	Limburg	Flemish Brabant	–		Walloon Brabant	Hainaut	Luxembourg	Namur	Liège
arrondissements	43	8	6	3	3	2	1		1	7	5	3	4
municipalities	589	64	65	70	44	65	19		27	69	44	38	75	9

Elections

Constituency	1989	1995	1999	2004	2009	2014	Constituency
Flemish Parliament
Antwerp		19 / 124		33 / 124			Antwerp
Mechelen-Turnhout		14 / 124
Gent-Eeklo		12 / 124		27 / 124			East Flanders
Aalst-Oudenaarde		8 / 124
Dendermonde-Sint-Niklaas		8 / 124
Tielt-Roeselare-Kortrijk		10 / 124		22 / 124			West Flanders
Ieper-Diksmuide-Oostende		7 / 124
Brugge		5 / 124
Halle-Vilvoorde		11 / 124		20 / 124			Flemish Brabant
Leuven		9 / 124
Hasselt-Maaseik-Tongeren		15 / 124		16 / 124			Limburg
Brussels Capital Region		6 / 124		6 / 124			Brussels Capital Region
Brussels Parliament
	75 / 75			72 / 89			French-language list
				17 / 89			Dutch-language list
Walloon Parliament
Liège		14 / 75		13 / 75			Liège
Charleroi		10 / 75		9 / 75			Charleroi
Nivelles		8 / 75		8 / 75			Nivelles
Namur		6 / 75				7 / 75	Namur
Tournai-Ath-Mouscron		7 / 75					Tournai-Ath-Mouscron
Verviers		6 / 75					Verviers
Mons		6 / 75				5 / 75	Mons
Soignies		4 / 75					Soignies
Dinant-Philippeville		3 / 75		4 / 75			Dinant-Philippeville
Huy-Waremme		4 / 75					Huy-Waremme
Thuin		3 / 75					Thuin
Arlon-Marche-Bastogne		3 / 75					Arlon-Marche-Bastogne
Neufchâteau-Virton		2 / 75					Neufchâteau-Virton

Flemish budget

Polls

Date	N-VA	CD&V	Open Vld	sp.a	Groen	VB	PVDA	Other	PS	MR	cdH	Ecolo	PBT	FDF	PP	Other
March 2015	28,8	16,7	15,4	16,4	9,6	7,4			28,7	25,2	14,3	8,3	8,3
Jan-Feb 2015	30,2	17,1	14,9	14,7	10,2	7,6			27,4	26	13,9	8,4	7,3		4,7
December 2015	30,9	18,2	13,3	15,2	10,2	5,7	4,0		31,0	23,9	13,4	8,1	7,6	[2,7]	4,9
May 2014 elections	32,5	18,6	15,7	14,2	8,5	5,9	2,8	1,9	31,0	25,6	13,2	8,8	5,2	4,8	4,0	7,3

Flemish elections

Election results by political group, 1999 to 2014. Left to right;   sp.a   CD&V   LDD   Vlaams Belang   PVDA+   Groen!   Open Vld   N-VA

From Template:Scottish Parliament election results graph (percentage)

Ratification of treaties by Belgium

Since the state reform of 1993, Belgium is officially a federal state, with powers given exclusively to either the federal State, the Communities or the Regions. Remarkably, as article 167 of the Constitution specifies, the ius tractandi (right to conclude treaties) has been given to these federated entities as well, and both the federal government and the several federated entities each are allowed to conclude treaties concerning their respective legislative powers ("exclusive treaties"). This means e.g. that only Communities can conclude treaties concerning education, without any interference by the federal government. However, when dealing with treaties concerning powers of multiple entities ("mixed treaties"), all the concerned entities must ratify that treaty.

In essence, "Community Powers" are given to the Flemish Community, French Community and the German-speaking Community whereas "Region Powers" are given to the Flemish Region, Walloon Region and the Brussels-Capital Region. However,

• (making use of Article 137 of the Constitution) the Flemish Community and Region have merged their institutions, so there is one Flemish Parliament but it still has to vote separately for Community and Region Powers, especially for treaties.
• in the Brussels-Capital Region, some Community powers are exercised by the Common Community Commission, of which the United Assembly is identical in composition to the Parliament of the Brussels-Capital Region.
• (making use of Article 138 of the Constitution) the French Community has devolved powers to the Walloon Region and the French Community Commission in Brussels. The latter is composed of the majority of the Brussels Regional Parliament.
• the Flemish Community Commission does not have legislative power and remained an executive branch of the Flemish Community.
• (making use of Article 139 of the Constitution) the Walloon Region has devolved certain Region powers to the German-speaking Community, but they do not have to vote separately since it concerns the same area and population.

Taking this into account, to ratify a "mixed treaty" concerning entire Belgium, the following assemblies have to ratify it:

• On the (bicameral) federal level, the Chamber of Representatives and the Senate.
• The Flemish Parliament, separately for Community and Region powers.
• The Walloon Parliament, separately for Region and Community powers.
• The Parliament of the French Community, for Community powers.
• The Parliament of the German-speaking Community, for Community (and Region) powers.
• The Parliament of the Brussels-Capital Region, for Region powers.
• The United Assembly of the Common Community Commission (of Brussels), for Community powers.
• The Assembly of the French Community Commission (of Brussels; informally "French-speaking Brussels Parliament"), for Community powers.

A working group "mixed treaties" (as part of the Federal Public Service Foreign Affairs) decides which competences a certain treaty touches, so in which way the treaty is considered to be "mixed", and the working group also decides on the composition of the Belgian delegation to the treaty negotiations.

• http://www.lne.be/themas/beleid/internationaal/multilateraal-milieubeleid/multilaterale-verdragen/hoe-verloopt-de-verdragsprocedure
• http://www.vlaanderen.be/int/artikel/internationale-verdragsbevoegdheid-vlaanderen
• http://www.vliz.be/imisdocs/publications/05/236905.pdf
• http://www.ejustice.just.fgov.be/cgi_loi/change_lg.pl?language=nl&la=N&cn=1994030842&table_name=wet 8 MAART 1994. - SAMENWERKINGSAKKOORD Tussen de federale overheid, de Gemeenschappen en de Gewesten over de nadere regelen voor het sluiten van gemengde verdragen.

Parliaments

Interesting how few or how many representatives some countries have to "represent" the people.

Country	Entity	Institute	Legislative?	Number of representatives	Number of inhabitants	Number of people per representative
Belgium	idem	Chamber of Representatives	yes	150	11,035,948	73,572.99
Belgium	Flemish Region	Flemish Parliament (Region only)	yes	118	6,306,638	53,446.08
Belgium	German-speaking Community	Parliament of the German-speaking Community	yes	25	75,222	3,008.88
Belgium	City of Antwerp	City Council of Antwerp	no	55	502,604	9,138.25
Belgium	Meise	Municipal Council of Meise	no	25	18,418	736.72
Belgium	Herstappe	Municipal Council of Herstappe	no	7	87	12.43
European Union	idem	European Parliament	yes	754	503,492,041	667,761.33
Finland	Åland Islands	Parliament of Åland	yes	30	28,355	945.17
France	idem	National Assembly	yes	577	65,350,000	113,258.23
Germany	idem	Bundestag	yes	622	81,799,600	131,510.61
Iceland	Reykjavík	Reykjavik City Council	no	15	119,108	7,940.53
Luxembourg	idem	Chamber of Deputies	yes	60	524,853	8,747.55
Switzerland	Canton of Uri	Landrat of Uri	yes	64	35,382	552.84
Switzerland	Canton of Zurich	Cantonal Council of Zurich	yes	180	1,390,124	7,722.91
United States	idem	United States House of Representatives	yes	435	315,240,000	724,689.66
United States	California	California State Legislature (House + Senate)	yes	120 (80 + 40)	38,041,430	317,011.92
United States	Nebraska	Nebraska Legislature	yes	49	1,855,525	37,867.86
United States	New York City	New York City Council		51	8,244,910	161,664.9

Places

Armboutskappel · Arneke · Bambeke · Bavinkhove · Belle · Berten · Bieren · Bissezele · Blaringem · Boeschepe · Boezegem · Bollezele · Borre · Bourbourg · Bray-Dunes · Broekkerke · Broksele · Buisscheure · Drinkam · Duinkerke · Ebblingem · Eke · Ekelsbeke · Eringem · Gijvelde · Godewaarsvelde · Grand-Fort-Philippe · Grevelingen · Groot-Sinten · Hardefoort · Haverskerke · Hazebroek · Herzele · Holke · Hondegem · Hondschote · Hooimille · Houtkerke · Kaaster · Kapelle · Kapellebroek · Kassel · Killem · Koudekerke-Dorp · Kraaiwijk · Krochte · Kwaadieper · La Gorgue · Lederzele · Ledringem · Leffrinkhoeke · Linde · Loberge · Loon-Plage · Meregem · Merkegem · Merris · Meteren · Millam · Moerbeke · De Moeren · Niepkerke · Nieuw-Berkijn · Nieuw-Koudekerke · Nieuwerleet · Noordpene · Ochtezele · Okselare · Oostkappel · Oud-Berkijn · Oudezele · Pitgam · Pradeels · Rekspoede · Rubroek · Ruisscheure · Sint-Janskappel · Sint-Joris · Sint-Mariakappel · Sint-Momelijn · Sint-Pietersbroek · Sint-Silvesterkappel · Sint-Winoksbergen · Soks · Spijker · Stapel · Steenbeke · Steenvoorde · Steenwerk · Stegers · Stene · Strazele · Terdegem · Tetegem · Tienen · Uksem · Vleteren · Volkerinkhove · Waalskappel · Warrem · Waten · Wemaarskappel · Westkappel · Wilder · Winnezele · Wormhout · Wulverdinge · Zegerskappel · Zerkel · Zermezele · Zoeterstee · Zuidkote · Zuidpene

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Timeline

I don't have much experience with these timelines... But I'm trying.