User:Purplecal225/Fremontodendron californicum
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[edit]add additional wiki links to native american recreational activities(hoop and pole game) Native American recreational activities
COPIED FROM CULTIVATION: wiki link for Fremontia Fremontia
Cultivated plants need good drainage, and no supplemental summer water when established. Fremontodendron californicum ssp. decumbens is the most garden tolerant of all Fremontia, and can also be used in large pots and planters.[1]
COPIED FROM HYBRIDS:
wiki link for Fremontodendron mexicanum:
Fremontodendron 'Dara's Gold' — golden flowers over a long period from late winter through early summer, grows 3 feet (0.91 m) in height by 6–8 feet (1.8–2.4 m) in width. A hybrid between Fremontodendron decumbens and Fremontodendron mexicanum.[2]
Fremontodendron 'San Gabriel' — 10–18 feet (3.0–5.5 m) in height by 8–12 feet (2.4–3.7 m) in width, suitable for an espalier.[3]
Fremontodendron 'California Glory' — lemon-yellow flowers with a reddish tinge, grows 20 feet (6.1 m) in height by 20 feet (6.1 m) in width. It is the winner of the Award of Garden Merit from the California Horticultural Society in 1965, and received a First Class Certificate from the Royal Horticultural Society in 1967.[4]
Add this photo of the leaves: image by Eugene Sturla via CalPhotos https://calphotos.berkeley.edu/cgi/img_query?enlarge=0000+0000+1115+3088
COPIED FROM Fremontodendron californicum DISTRIBUTION
Fremontodendron californicum is found in numerous habitats across California at elevations of 1,300–6,500 feet (400–1,980 m), especially California chaparral and woodlands, Yellow Pine Forests, and Pinyon-juniper woodlands along the eastern San Joaquin Valley.[5][6] It is found along the eastern San Joaquin Valley in the western foothills of the Sierra Nevada in chalky, course-grained[7] , sandy, nutritionally poor soils; on the east slope Cascade Range foothills of the northwest Sacramento Valley and the Klamath Mountains to the west; the California Coast Ranges throughout the state; the Transverse Ranges, and the Peninsular Ranges.[5][6]
COPIED FROM Fremontodendron californicum DESCRIPTION
The plant is a flowering evergreen hardwood shrub or small multi-trunked tree, growing from 8–18 feet (2.4–5.5 m) in height and 6–10 feet (1.8–3.0 m) in width.
The 1–5 centimetres (0.39–1.97 in) leaves are olive to gray−green, keeping their green hues year-round[7] , fuzzy and flannel-like, palmately to pinnately lobed. The hairs covering the leaves are easily brushed off in human contact, and can be a skin and eye irritant. The bottom sides of the leaves are distinct with a velvety brown coating. [8]
The large flowers are 3.5–6.0 centimetres (1.4–2.4 in) in diameter, a rich yellow, sometimes with orange, coppery, or reddish margins surrounding the base.[9] Their blossoms are borne in great showy masses, and tend to bloom one at a time. Each petal has an attractive, curved shape that comes to a point.
COPIED FROM Fremontodendron californicum USES
Medicinal
[edit]As a traditional Native American medicinal plant, the inner bark's sap that was used as a topical remedy for mucous membrane irritation and for gastrointestinal upset, by some of the indigenous peoples of California.[10] The versatile wood was also used by the Californian Yokuts and Kawaiisu peoples as a building and furniture material, and the bark for cordage and for nets used in acorn cache holding and snare hunting.[10] It contributed cultural significance as Indigenous communities utilized the flexible nature of the wood to craft hoop-and-pole game materials.[8]
Etymology
[edit]Fremontodendron is named for Major General John Charles Frémont (1813–90), an explorer of western North America. Californicum means 'from California'.[11] Dendron means 'tree'.
References
[edit][8] University of California, Santa Cruz Arboretum
[9] Robert E. Preston, R. David Whetstone & T.A. Atkinson 2012, Fremontodendron californicum, in Jepson Flora Project (eds.) Jepson eFlora,
[7] WildFlower.org
- ^ Theodore Payne Foundation, California Natives Wiki: Fremontodendron decumbens
- ^ San Marcos Growers: Fremontodendron 'Dara's Gold'
- ^ Theodore Payne Foundation, Horticulture Wiki: Fremontodendron 'San Gabriel' (San Gabriel flannel bush)
- ^ San Marcos Growers: Fremontodendron 'California Glory'
- ^ a b Jepson eFlora: Distribution
- ^ a b Little Jr., Elbert L. (1976). "Map 84, Fremontodendron californicum". Atlas of United States Trees. Vol. 3 (Minor Western Hardwoods). US Government Printing Office. LCCN 79-653298. OCLC 4053799.
- ^ a b c "Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center - The University of Texas at Austin". www.wildflower.org. Retrieved 2023-10-06.
- ^ a b c Reid, Sara; Wishningrad, Van; McCabe, Stephen. "Native American Uses of California Plants: Ethnobotany" (PDF). University of California, Santa Cruz Arboretum. Retrieved 10/03/2023.
{{cite web}}: Check date values in:|access-date=(help) - ^ a b Preston, Robert; Whetstone, David; Atkinson, T.A (2012). "Fremontodendron californicum". ucjeps.berkeley.edu. Retrieved 2023-10-06.
- ^ a b University of Michigan,Dearborn: Native American Ethnobotany
- ^ Gledhill, David (2008). "The Names of Plants". Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521866453 (hardback), ISBN 9780521685535 (paperback). pp 84, 171