User:PoobahTheGrand6/National Equal Rights Party/Bibliography

You will be compiling your bibliography and creating an outline of the changes you will make in this sandbox.

Bibliography

As you gather the sources for your Wikipedia contribution, think about the following:

Is the source from a reliable publication?
- Reliable publications include established newspapers, academic journals and books, textbooks, and other published sources with reputations for accuracy and fact-checking.
- Unreliable sources include blog posts and other self-published works, press releases, and social media posts.
Is the source verifiable?
- In order for a source to be considered verifiable, other editors should be able to consult the source.
Is the source independent of the subject?
- Is the source connected in any way to the subject? This is especially important when writing biographies or about organizations.
- For example, if you were writing a biography, sources like the person's webpage or personal blog would not be considered independent.
Is the source primary or secondary?
- Primary sources include first-hand accounts, autobiographies, and other original content.
- Wikipedia allows limited use of primary sources, but typically only for straightforward, descriptive statements of facts, and only if they are published and verifiable without requiring specialized knowledge.
- Secondary sources should be the main basis for a biography on Wikipedia.
If you're working on a topic related to medicine or psychology, ensure that your sources follow these special guidelines.
If you're creating a new article, consider the following:
- Ensure that your topic meets Wikipedia's notability guidelines.
- In order for a topic to meet the notability requirement, you must be able to identify 2-3 sources that are reliable, verifiable, and independent of the subject you're writing about.
- Finding sufficient sources to establish notability can be especially hard when writing about people or organizations.
- Sources that are not independent of the subject might be useful additions, but don't count towards the notability requirement.
- Wikipedia has developed special guidelines for writing about living persons. Please follow these carefully.
- Wikipedia has a series of guidelines for writing about different categories of people, such as academics and artists. If you're trying to create a new entry about a living person, please look at these carefully.

If you're not sure whether a source is reliable, ask a librarian! If you have questions about Wikipedia's sourcing rules, you can use the Get Help button below to contact your Wikipedia Expert.

Get Help

Bibliography

Kimmelman, Elbrun. “I. Suffrage.” Women Take the Lead, 3 June 2016, rhppi.org/womentakethelead/exhibit/suffrage/. Accessed 17 Nov. 2024.
- An online exhibition from the Roosevelt House Public Policy Institute at Hunter College. Provides key information on important NERP figures Victoria Woodhull and Belva Lockwood. Helps add context to NERPs historical significance, detailing their roles in the broader women's suffrage movement.
Broyles, Susannah. “Revolutionary Sisters: Victoria Woodhull and Tennessee Claflin.” MCNY Blog: New York Stories, MCNY Blog: New York Stories, 24 June 2014, blog.mcny.org/2014/06/24/revolutionary-sisters-victoria-woodhull-and-tennessee-claflin/. AND Broyles, Susannah. “Victoria and Tennessee Claflin, the Sisters’ Tale Continues….” MCNY Blog: New York Stories, 2 Sept. 2014, blog.mcny.org/2014/09/02/victoria-and-tennessee-claflin-the-sisters-tale-continues/.
- Two part story from the Museum of the City of New York, detailing the lives of Victoria and Tennessee Lockhull. Provides insight on the sister's upbringings and their chaotic path to founding NERP. Offers valuable information on NERP's formation, influential figures, and ideologies.
Sands, J.Q. “Woodhull & Claflin’s Weekly Archives June 8, 1872.” Victoria-Woodhull.com, 2024, www.victoria-woodhull.com/wc060800.htm. Accessed 18 Nov. 2024.
- Primary source from Victoria Woodhull and her sister Tennessee Claflins weekly newspaper. Details NERP's decision to nominate Woodhull for presidency and Frederick Douglass as vice-president. Valuable tool for understanding NERP as it provides their reasoning for nominating both Woodhull and Douglass as well as establishing the parties primary objectives.
Herringshaw, Thomas William (1888). The Biographical Review of Prominent Men & Women of the Day: With Biographical Sketches & Reminiscences. Live & Services of All the Presidential Candidates for 1888: with Platform & History of Each Party. W. H. Ives & Company.
- A credible book that provides valuable insight on the party's convention in Des Moines in 1888, including the party's platform as submitted by the committee.

Examples:

Luke, Learie. 2007. Identity and secession in the Caribbean: Tobago versus Trinidad, 1889–1980 Kingston, Jamaica: University of the West Indies Press.
- This is a book published by a university press, so it should be a reliable source. It also covers the topic in some depth, so it's helpful in establishing notability.
Galeano, Gloria; Bernal, Rodrigo (2013-11-08). "Sabinaria , a new genus of palms (Cryosophileae, Coryphoideae, Arecaceae) from the Colombia-Panama border". Phytotaxa.
- This is a peer-reviewed scientific journal, so it should be a reliable source. It covers the topic in some depth, so it's helpful in establishing notability.
Baker, William J.; Dransfield, John (2016). "Beyond Genera Palmarum: progress and prospects in palm systematics". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society.
- This is a peer-reviewed scientific journal, so it should be a reliable source for a specific fact. Since it only dedicates a few sentences to the topic, it can't be used to establish notability.

References

Outline of proposed changes

- “We went unto Wall Street, not particularly because I wanted to be a broker…but because I wanted to plant the Flag of women’s rebellion in the center of the continent.” Powerful quote from Victoria Woodhull describing her and her sister Tennessee's decision to move to Wall Street. Contextualizes their motivations which eventually led to their formation of NERP. It is a significant quote that encapsulates their journey and I believe it should be included in either a section on the formation of NERP or a section of Woodhull and her presidency.

- "Woodhull decided to accept the nomination despite being only 33 years old at the time, which was too young to be president." Quote from current article which includes incorrect information as Woodhull was 34 at the time. Additionally, this sentence makes it seem as though she accepted the nomination from NERP somewhat reluctantly, when the decision to run for president and create NERP were both wholeheartedly Woodhulls ideas.

-" Soon after being nominated, she became entangled in a few controversies which resulted in her not having time to work on her campaign. On election day, Woodhull was in jail as she was charged with sending indecent and immoral material through the postal service." Quote from the article included in the section on Woodhull's presidential campaign. I think it would be worthwhile to provide more details here, as it is quite an interesting story. Woodhull gained notoriety following her stance on 'Free Love' in a speech at Steinway Hall, even being called "Mrs. Satan" by cartoonist Thomas Nast. The media continuously attacked her character, leading to a drainage of her funds and the faltering of political and social allies. With her back against the wall, Woodhull decided to fight back against who she believed was behind the nasty rumors about her, Henry Ward Beecher. A widely popular clergyman at the time, Woodhull published credible information in her weekly newspaper that Beecher was having an affair with a married woman, practicing the same 'Free Love' ideals which had started this whole stir in the first place. Woodhull was immediately arrested, and was arrested 7 more times in the following six months on charges of obscenity and libel (including on election night). Woodhull eventually escaped all charges but the legal process forced her into bankruptcy.

-"In the 1876 and 1880 presidential elections members of the Equal Rights Party supported the campaigns of Peter Cooper (Greenback Party) and James Weaver(Greenback-Labor Party)" (Simkin) This is a quote from a source included in the original NERP pages reference list. I noticed this detail and figured it deserved to be included somewhere in the article as it currently has no mention of NERP's activities/endorsements following Woodhull 1872 campaign.

-"Their platform focused on equal rights for men and women." This is the final line from the articles introduction section, and it uses the Biographical Review as its reference. After reviewing the source myself, I had problems with that last line of the introduction. "Equal rights for men and women" does not feel like an accurate summary of the NERP platform mentioned in the source. The first point of their platforms discusses the disfranchisement of women, and states that if NERP candidates come into power "...equal rights shall be meted out to all citizens without regard to sex or color -- a fair ballot and an honest count." Therefore I think something like "Their platform emphasized equal rights to all citizens regardless of sex or color" would be more appropriate.

-The article includes a photograph of Frederick Douglass and mentions in the description below he was nominated for vice-president of NERP in 1872, yet there is no mention of his name anywhere else in the article. As I found a primary source which includes NERP's exact reasoning for nominating Douglass, I believe it would be worthwhile to provide additional information on their selection of Douglass. It appeared to me that NERP was trying to display a united front across all reform movements, and a presidential ticket with a woman and black man was an act of defiance to the status quo from them. Interestingly enough, Douglass reportedly never responded to the parties nomination and played no active role in the campaign whatsoever, and even campaigned for Woodhull's opponent in 1872, Ulysses S. Grant.

Now that you have compiled a bibliography, it's time to plan out how you'll improve your assigned article.

In this section, write up a concise outline of how the sources you've identified will add relevant information to your chosen article. Be sure to discuss what content gap your additions tackle and how these additions will improve the article's quality.

Consider other changes you'll make to the article, including possible deletions of irrelevant, outdated, or incorrect information, restructuring of the article to improve its readability or any other change you plan on making. This is your chance to really think about how your proposed additions will improve your chosen article and to vet your sources even further.

Note: This is not a draft. This is an outline/plan where you can think about how the sources you've identified will fill in a content gap.

Get Help