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References

Most, G.W. (2018b), Hesiod: The Shield, Catalogue of Women, Other Fragments, Loeb Classical Library, No. 503, Cambridge, Massachusetts, Harvard University Press, 2007, 2018. ISBN 978-0-674-99721-9. Online version at Harvard University Press.

Sources

Ancient

Hesiod

Shield of Heracles

155

... Φόνος τ᾽ Ἀνδροκτασίη τε ...

... and Murder and Slaughter ...

Theogony

226–232 [Most]

And loathsome Strife bore painful Toil and Forgetfulness and Hunger and tearful Pains, and Combats [Ὑσμίνας] and Battles and Murders and Slaughters, and Strifes and Lies and Tales and Disputes, and Lawlessness and Recklessness, much like one another, and Oath, who indeed brings most woe upon human beings on the earth, whenever someone willfully swears a false oath.

Homer

Iliad

7.237

... μάχας τ᾿ ἀνδροκτασίας τε.

... battles and slayings of men.

24.548

... μάχαι τ᾿ ἀνδροκτασίαι τε.

... battles and slayings of men.

Odyssey

11.612

conflicts, and battles, and murders, and slayings of men

ὑσμῖναί τε μάχαι τε φόνοι τ᾿ ἀνδροκτασίαι τε.

Homeric Hymns

5 To Aphrodite

11

ὑσμῖναί τε μάχαι τε, ...

battles and fights, ...

Hyginus

Preface [Grant:]

From Aether and Earth: Dolor, Deceit (Dolus), Wrath (Ira), Lamentation (Luctus), Falsehood Mendacium, Oath Iusiurandum, Vengeance, Intemperance, Altercation, Oblivion [Oblivio], Sloth, Fear, Pride, Incest, Combat, Ocean, Themis, Tartarus, Pontus; and the Titans, Briareus, Gyges, Steropes, Atlas, Hyperion, and Polus, Saturn, Ops, Moneta, Dione; and three Furies — namely, Alecto, Megaera, Tisiphone.

Quintus Smyrnaeus

Posthomerica

5.35–37

Around him [Death] could be seen the ill-sounding goddesses of Combat [Ὑσμῖναι] whose limbs dripped blood and sweat to the ground.

...ἀμφὶ δ’ ἄρ’ αὐτῷ

Ὑσμῖναι ἐνέκειντο δυσηχέες, ὧν περὶ πάντων

ἐκ μελέων εἰς οὖδας ἀπέρρεεν αἷμα καὶ ἱδρώς.

Modern

Caldwell

p. 40 [= Internet Archive p. 42]

212-232 The remaining children of Night are personifications ... The children of Eris are Hardship [Ponos], Forgetfulness (Lethe), Starvation [Limos], Pains [Algea], Battles [Hysminai], Wars [Machai], Murders [Phonoi], Manslaughters [Androktasiai], Quarrels [Neikea] Lies [Pseudea], Stories [Logoi], Disputes [Amphillogiai], Anarchy [Dysnomia], Ruin [Ate], Oath [Horkos].

Gantz

p. 9

in art we find Eris ... Hesiod's [cont.]

p. 10

account goes on to list Eris' own children, born with no father mentioned and virtually all allegorizings: Ponos (Labor), Lethe (Forgetfulness), Limos (Famine), Algea (Pains), Hysminae (Combats), Machai (Battles), Phonoi (Slaughterings), Androktasiai (Slayings of Men), Neikea (Quarrels), Pseudea (Falsehoods), Logoi (Words), Amphillogiai (Unclear Words), Dysnomia (Bad Government), Horkos (Oath), and Ate (Folly) (226–32) Of this list only the last has any identity, [although as a daughter of Zeus with no mother mentioned]

Hard

p. 31

The children of Eris represent the many harmful and destructive things that arise from discord and strife, namely Toil (Ponos), Oblivion (Lethe), Famine, Sorrows, Fights, Battles, Murders, Manslayings, Quarrels, Lies, Disputes, Lawlessness, Delusion (Ate) and Oath (Horkos).⁵⁹ This is allegory of the most obvious kind for the most part; the last two alone require further comment.

LSJ

s.v. ὑσμίνη

ὑσμίνη [ι_], ἡ, Ep. Noun,

A.fight, battle, combat, “κατὰ κρατερὴν ὑ.” Il.5.84, al.; κατὰ κρατερὰς ὑ. ib.200; “ἐν σταδίῃ ὑ.” 13.314; “ἐν ὑ. δηϊοτῆτος” 20.245; πρώτῃ ἐν ὑ. in the front of the fight, 15.340; ὑσμίνηνδε to the fight, 2.477; “ὑσμίναν φέροντες” B.12.144:—in Il.2.863, 8.56, we have a metaplast. Ep. dat. ὑσμῖνι as if from ὑσμίν or ὑσμίς. (Cf. Skt. yúdh fem. 'battle', yúdhyati 'fight'.)

West

p. 231 on 228