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User:NevinJ/Cell compositions

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Cell

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Pronounced: s ɛ l

Eukaryote

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Pronounced: ju: k a: r i: oʊ t

DNA

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Deoxyribonucleic acid

DNA

Nucleobases & Nucleosides

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Nucleobase/Nucleoside Molecular Formula Abbreviation
Nucleobases:
Adenine C5H5N5 A
Thymine C5H6N2O2 T
Cytosine C5H5N3O C
Guanine C5H5N5O G
Nucleosides:
Adenosine C10H13N5O4 A
Thymidine C10H14N2O5 T
Cytidine C9H13N3O5 C
Guanosine C10H13N5O5 G

Backbone

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Phosphate
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H3O4P

Deoxyribose
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C5H9O4

RNA

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Ribonucleic acid

Pre-mRNA-1ysv.png-tubes.png

Nucleobases & Nucleosides

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Nucleobase/Nucleoside Molecular Formula Abbreviation
Nucleobases:
Adenine C5H5N5 A
Uracil C4H4N2O2 U
Cytosine C5H5N3O C
Guanine C5H5N5O G
Nucleosides:
Adenosine C10H13N5O4 A
Uridine C9H12N2O6 U
Cytidine C9H13N3O5 C
Guanosine C10H13N5O5 G

Backbone

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Phosphate
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H3O4P

Ribose
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C5H10O5

Amino Acids

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Name Molecular Formula Chemical Formula Abbreviation 3 Letter Abbreviation
Essential:
Isoleucine C6H13NO2 HO2CCH(NH2)CH(CH3)CH2CH3 I Ile
Leucine C6H13NO2 HO2CCH(NH2)CH2CH(CH3)2 L Leu
Lysine C6H14N2O2 HO2CCH(NH2)(CH2)4NH2 K Lys
Methionine C5H11NO2S HO2CCH(NH2)CH2CH2SCH3 M Met
Phenylalanine C9H11NO2 HO2CCH(NH2)CH2C6H5 F Phe
Threonine C4H9NO3 HO2CCH(NH2)CH(OH)CH3 T Thr
Tryptophan C11H12N2O2 W Trp
Valine C5H11NO2 HO2CCH(NH2)CH(CH3)2 V Val
Essential In Certain Instances:
Cysteine C3H7NO2S HO2CCH(NH2)CH2SH C Cys
Glutamine C5H10N2O3 Q Gln
Glycine C2H5NO2 NH2CH2COOH G Gly
Proline C5H9NO2 P Pro
Selenocysteine C3H7NO2Se U Sec
Serine C3H7NO3 HO2CCH(NH2)CH2OH S Ser
Tyrosine C9H11NO3 Y Tyr
Arginine C6H14N4O2 R Arg
Histidine C6H9N3O2 H His
Nonessential:
Alanine C3H7NO2 CH3CH(NH2)COOH A Ala
Asparagine C4H8N2O3 N Asn
Aspartic Acid C4H7NO4 HO2CCH(NH2)CH2CO2H D Asp
Glutamic Acid C5H9NO4 E Glu