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This article covers the period 1884 to present. Before the beginning of the Open era in April 1968, only amateurs were allowed to compete in established tennis tournaments, including the four Grand Slams. Wimbledon, the oldest of the majors, was founded in 1877, followed by the US Open in 1881, the French Open in 1891, and the Australian Open in 1905. Beginning in 1905 and continuing to the present day, all four majors have been played yearly, with the exception of the two World Wars, 1986 for the Australian Open, and 2020 for Wimbledon. The Australian Open is the first major of the year (January), followed by the French Open (May–June), Wimbledon (June–July), and US Open (August–September).

There was no prize money and players were compensated for travel expenses only. A player who wins all four current major tournaments in the same calendar year, as an individual or as part of a doubles team, is said to have achieved the "Grand Slam". If the player wins all four consecutively, but not in the same calendar year, it is called a "Non-Calendar Year Grand Slam". Winning all four at some point in a career, even if not consecutively, is referred to as a "Career Grand Slam". Winning the four majors and a gold medal in tennis at the Summer Olympics has been called a "Golden Slam" since 1988.[1] Winning all four plus gold at some point in a career, even if not consecutively, is referred to as a "Career Golden Slam". Winning the Year-end Championship also having won a Golden Slam is referred to as a "Super Slam".[2][3][4] Winning the four majors in all three disciplines a player is eligible for–singles, doubles, and mixed doubles–is considered winning a "boxed set" of Grand Slam titles.

The current Grand Slams are the four most prestigious tournaments in the world held every year, they are distinguished by participation from almost every top player and by their two-week duration, 128-player draw in women's singles. It's extremely rare for a player to win all four tournaments, "the Grand Slam", in one calendar year. This was only achieved three times since 1888 by Maureen Connolly, Margaret Court, and Steffi Graf, the latter of whom stands alone in winning the "Golden Slam". These are some of the important records since the start of women's tennis in 1884. Most statistics are based on the data at the WTA Tour and International Tennis Federation, the official websites of each respective Grand Slam tournament and published sources though this is not a definitive list due to the time periods involved. Active streaks and active players are in boldface.

Grand Slam tournament records

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Grand Slam singles totals

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Titles #
1. Australia Margaret Court 24
2. United States Serena Williams 23
3. West Germany Steffi Graf 22
4. United States Helen Wills 19
5. United States Chris Evert 18
Czech Republic/United States Martina Navratilova
7. United States Billie Jean King 12
8. United States Maureen Connolly 9
Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia/United States Monica Seles
10. Norway/United States Molla Mallory 8
France Suzanne Lenglen


Finals #
1. United States Chris Evert[5] 34
2. United States Serena Williams 33
3. Czechoslovakia/United States Martina Navratilova 32
4. West Germany Steffi Graf 31
5. Australia Margaret Court 29
6. United States Helen Wills 22
7. United States Doris Hart 18
United States Billie Jean King
Australia Evonne Goolagong Cawley
10. United States Helen Jacobs 16
United States Venus Williams


Semifinals #
1. United States Chris Evert[6] 52
2. Czechoslovakia/United States Martina Navratilova 44
3. United States Serena Williams 40
4. West Germany Steffi Graf 37
5. Australia Margaret Court 36
6. United States Doris Hart 26
United States Billie Jean King
8. United States Louise Brough 25
9. United States Helen Jacobs 24
10. United States Venus Williams 23
Quarterfinals #
1. United States Chris Evert 54
United States Serena Williams
3. Czechoslovakia/United States Martina Navratilova 53
4. Australia Margaret Court 43
5. West Germany Steffi Graf 42
6. United States Billie Jean King 40
7. United States Venus Williams 39
8. Spain Arantxa Sánchez Vicario 35
9. United States Doris Hart 32
10. United States Helen Jacobs 31
Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia/United States Monica Seles
United States Lindsay Davenport


Appearances #
1. United States Venus Williams 91
2. United States Serena Williams 81
3. United States Amy Frazier[7] 71
Russia Svetlana Kuznetsova
5. Italy Francesca Schiavone 70
6. Australia Sam Stosur 69
7. Czechoslovakia/United States Martina Navratilova 67
France Alizé Cornet
9. Spain Conchita Martínez 64
10. United Kingdom Virginia Wade 63
Japan Ai Sugiyama
Match wins #
1. United States Serena Williams 367
2. Czechoslovakia/United States Martina Navratilova 306
3. United States Chris Evert 299
4. West Germany Steffi Graf 278
5. United States Venus Williams 271
6. Spain Arantxa Sánchez Vicario 210
7. Australia Margaret Court 207
8. United States Lindsay Davenport 198
9. Russia Maria Sharapova 197
10. United States Billie Jean King 190

Grand Slam tournament consecutive streaks

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This section is for consecutive streaks across all Grand Slam tournaments. If a player skips a tournament the streak ends.

(3) Denotes multiple streaks within one category

active streaks in boldface

Titles Start–end #
1. United States Maureen Connolly 1952 WM–1953 US 6
Australia Margaret Court 1969 US–1971 AU
Czech Republic/United States Martina Navratilova 1983 WM–1984 US
4. West Germany Steffi Graf 1988 AU–1989 AU 5
5. Norway/United States Molla Mallory 1915 US–1918 US 4
West Germany Steffi Graf (2) 1993 FR–1994 AU
United States Serena Williams 2002 FR–2003 AU
United States Serena Williams (2) 2014 US–2015 WM
9. United States Helen Wills 1928 FR–1928 US 3
United States Helen Wills (2) 1929 FR–1929 US
United States Pauline Betz 1942 US–1944 US
United States Shirley Fry 1956 WM–1957 AU
Australia Margaret Court (2) 1965 WM–1966 AU
United States Billie Jean King 1967 WM–1968 AU
United States Billie Jean King (2) 1972 FR–1972 US
Czech Republic/United States Martina Navratilova (2) 1981 AU–1982 WM
United States Chris Evert 1982 US–1983 FR
West Germany Steffi Graf (3) 1989 WM–1990 AU
Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia/United States Monica Seles 1991 US–1992 FR
West Germany Steffi Graf (4) 1995 FR–1995 US
West Germany Steffi Graf (5) 1996 FR–1996 US
Switzerland Martina Hingis 1997 WM–1998 AU
Finals Start–end #
1. West Germany Steffi Graf 1987 FR–1990 FR 13[8]
2. Czech Republic/United States Martina Navratilova 1985 FR–1987 US 11
3. United States Maureen Connolly 1952 WM–1953 US 6
Australia Margaret Court 1969 US–1971 AU
Czech Republic/United States Martina Navratilova (2) 1983 WM–1984 US
United States Chris Evert 1984 FR–1985 WM
Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia/United States Monica Seles 1991 US–1993 AU
8. United States Pauline Betz 1941 US–1945 US 5
Australia Margaret Court (2) 1963 WM–1964 WM
Australia Margaret Court (3) 1965 AU–1966 AU
West Germany Steffi Graf (2) 1993 AU–1994 AU
Switzerland Martina Hingis 1997 AU–1998 AU
Semifinals Start–end #
1. Czech Republic/United States Martina Navratilova 1983 WM–1988 AU 19
2. West Germany Steffi Graf 1987 FR–1990 US 15
3. United States Chris Evert 1984 FR–1986 US 11
Switzerland Martina Hingis 1996 US–1999 FR
5. United States Serena Williams 2014 US–2017 AU 10
6. Australia Margaret Court 1969 AU–1971 AU 9
United States Chris Evert (2) 1981 FR–1983 FR
8. Brazil Maria Bueno 1964 FR–1965 US 7
Australia Margaret Court (2) 1965 AU–1966 WM
United States Billie Jean King 1967 WM–1969 AU
United States Chris Evert (3) 1973 FR–1974 US
Quarterfinals Start–end #
1. Czech Republic/United States Martina Navratilova 1983 WM–1988 AU 19
West Germany Steffi Graf
3. Argentina Gabriela Sabatini 1990 WM–1994 AU 15
4. Australia Margaret Court 1968 WM–1971 AU 11
United States Billie Jean King 1967 FR–1969 US
United States Chris Evert
Switzerland Martina Hingis
8. United States Lindsay Davenport 10
United States Serena Williams
10. Czech Republic/United States Martina Navratilova (2) 9
United States Chris Evert (2)
West Germany Steffi Graf (2)
United States Serena Williams (2)
Match wins Start–end #
1. Czech Republic/United States Martina Navratilova 1983 WM–1984 AU 45
2. West Germany Steffi Graf 1988 AU–1989 FR 40
3. Australia Margaret Court 1969 US–1971 FR 35
4. United States Maureen Connolly 1952 WM–1953 US 33
United States Serena Williams 2002 FR–2003 FR
United States Serena Williams (2) 2014 US–2015 US
7. West Germany Steffi Graf (2) 1993 FR–1994 FR 32
8. West Germany Steffi Graf (3) 1989 WM–1990 FR 27
Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia/United States Monica Seles 1991 US–1992 WM
Appearances #
1. France Alizé Cornet 65
2. Japan Ai Sugiyama[9] 62
3. Italy Francesca Schiavone 61
4. Serbia Jelena Janković 56
5. France Nathalie Dechy 54
Russia Elena Likhovtseva
7. Switzerland Patty Schnyder 52
8. Germany Angelique Kerber 51
9. Serbia Ana Ivanovic 48
Russia Anastasia Pavlyuchenkova

Grand Slam match winning percentages

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* Not all sources agree with one of Wills' losses. She did not play two matches because of appendicitis, causing her to miss the 1926 Wimbledon Championships. Wimbledon did not assign a loss to her or a win to her opponent. The other tournament gave her a loss instead of a default to her and a walkover to her opponent, neither of which count as a loss or a win. It is unknown why the tournament chose to assign a loss to her. Taking these facts into consideration, her adjusted win percentage would be 125–3 = 97.66%.


Grand Slam career achievements

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Grand Slam, Golden Slam and Super Slam

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Career Grand Slam * Event of completion
United States Maureen Connolly 1953 French International Championships
United States Doris Hart 1954 U. S. National Championships
United States Shirley Fry Irvin 1957 Australian National Championships
Australia Margaret Court 1963 Wimbledon Championships
United States Billie Jean King 1972 French Open
United States Chris Evert 1982 Australian Open
Czech Republic/United States Martina Navratilova 1983 US Open
West Germany Steffi Graf 1988 US Open
United States Serena Williams 2003 Australian Open
Russia Maria Sharapova 2012 French Open
* each Grand Slam title at least once
Career Golden Slam * Event of completion
West Germany Steffi Graf 1988 Olympics
United States Serena Williams 2012 Olympics
* Career Slam + Olympic Gold (since 1988)
Career Super Slam * Event of completion
West Germany Steffi Graf 1988 Olympics
United States Serena Williams 2012 Olympics
* Career Golden Slam + Year-End Championship (since 1970)

Winning tournament without losing a set

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  • Minimum 2
# Player Majors
13 United States Helen Wills Moody 1927 US, 1928 FR, 1928 WM, 1928 US, 1929 FR, 1929 WM, 1929 US, 1930 FR, 1930 WM, 1931 US, 1932 FR, 1932 WM, 1938 WM
6 United States Martina Navratilova 1983 WM, 1983 US, 1984 WM, 1986 WM, 1987 US, 1990 WM
United States Serena Williams 2002 WM, 2002 US, 2008 US, 2010 WM, 2014 US, 2017 AU
5 France Suzanne Lenglen 1922 WM, 1923 WM, 1925 FR, 1925 WM, 1926 FR
United States Maureen Connolly 1953 AU, 1953 WM, 1953 US, 1954 FR, 1954 WM
Australia Margaret Court 1961 AU, 1962 AU, 1963 AU, 1965 WM, 1966 AU
United States Chris Evert 1974 FR, 1976 US, 1977 US, 1978 US, 1981 WM
West Germany Steffi Graf 1988 AU, 1988 FR, 1989 AU, 1994 AU, 1996 US
4 Australia Nancye Wynne Bolton 1946 AU, 1947 AU, 1948 AU, 1951 AU
Australia Evonne Goolagong Cowley 1971 FR, 1975 AU, 1976 AU, 1977 AU
3 Germany Hilde Krahwinkel Sperling 1935 FR, 1936 AU, 1937 FR
United States Billie Jean King 1971 US, 1972 FR, 1972 US
United States Lindsay Davenport 1998 US, 1999 WM, 2000 AU
Belgium Justine Henin 2006 FR, 2007 FR, 2007 US
2 United States Doris Hart 1951 WM, 1952 FR
Switzerland Martina Hingis 1997 AU, 1997 US
United States Venus Williams 2001 US, 2008 WM

Youngest and oldest winners

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Season streaks

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Calendar year achievements

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Golden Grand Slam * Event of completion
West Germany Steffi Graf 1988 Olympics
* The Grand Slam + Olympic Gold

Four majors

Three majors

Consecutive majors

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Four

Australian/French/Wimbledon/United States Year
United States Maureen Connolly 1953
Australia Margaret Court 1970
West Germany Steffi Graf 1988

Three

Two

Single season winning percentage

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Individual major tournaments

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Titles per tournament

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  • Minimum 3 titles

Consecutive titles per tournament

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  • The French Open was only a Grand Slam tournament from 1925 onwards
  • (3) Denotes multiple times

Bold: Active players

Finals per tournament

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Bold: Active players

Match wins per tournament

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Match win streaks per tournament

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A streak does not end if a player skips one or more tournaments between two wins.

Winning percentage per tournament

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  • ** both losses were actually "default", Suzanne Lenglen's adjusted win percentage would be 100%.

Titles by decade

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minimum 2 titles

All tournament records

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Tournament records and streaks

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Singles titles and finals

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Titles #
1. United States Elizabeth Ryan 214
2. Australia Margaret Court 192[21]
3. Czechoslovakia/United States Martina Navratilova 167
4. United States Chris Evert 157
5. France Simonne Mathieu 147
6. United Kingdom Ann Haydon Jones 136
7. United States Billie Jean King 129
8. United Kingdom Angela Mortimer 110
9. West Germany Steffi Graf 107
10. Germany Ilse Friedleben 106
Finals #
1. United States Elizabeth Ryan 256
2. Czechoslovakia/United States Martina Navratilova 239
3. Australia Margaret Court 233
4. United States Chris Evert 226
5. France Simonne Mathieu 190
6. United States Billie Jean King 189
7. United Kingdom Ann Haydon Jones 152
8. Australia Evonne Goolagong 150
9. Germany Ilse Friedleben 149
10. West Germany Steffi Graf 138

Tournament streaks

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Consecutive titles Years #
1. United States Helen Wills 1927–33 27
2. France Suzanne Lenglen 1922–24 21
3. Czechoslovakia Martina Navratilova 1984 13
4. West Germany Steffi Graf 1989–90 10
5. United States Chris Evert 1974 9
Consecutive finals Years #
1. United States Helen Wills 1926–35 29
2. Czech Republic/United States Martina Navratilova 1983–84 23[22]
3. West Germany Steffi Graf 1989–90 22
4. France Suzanne Lenglen 1922–24 21
West Germany Steffi Graf 1986–88
6. United States Chris Evert 1974 11
1+ title per year Years #
1. Czechoslovakia/United States Martina Navratilova 1974–94 21[22]
2. United States Chris Evert 1971–88 18
3. United States Billie Jean King 1960–75 16
4. United States Molla Mallory 1914–28 15
5. West Germany Steffi Graf 1986–99 14
6. Australia Evonne Goolagong 1968–80 13
Russia Maria Sharapova 2003–15
8. Brazil Maria Bueno 1957–68 12
9. United Kingdom Virginia Wade 1968–78 11
United States Serena Williams 2007–17
Denmark Caroline Wozniacki 2008–18

Most titles at a single tournament

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Most finals at a single tournament

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Titles by court surface type

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  • Note - Incomplete. Many pre-Open Era titles missing.
Wood #
1. United Kingdom Angela Mortimer 29
2. United Kingdom Ann Haydon Jones 24
3. Norway/United States Molla Mallory 14
4. Switzerland Lolette Payot 9
* not used since 1967

Match records and streaks

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Consecutive match streaks

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Career winning percentage

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All surfaces W–L % *
1. France Suzanne Lenglen 341–7 97.99[30]
2. United States Elizabeth Ryan 1064–94 91.90
3. United States Helen Wills 416–37 91.80
4. Australia Margaret Court 1180–107 91.68 [31]
5. United States Chris Evert 1309–146 89.96
6. Denmark/Germany Hilde Krahwinkel Sperling 331–41 89.00
7. Germany Steffi Graf 902–115 88.69
8. Norway/United States Molla Mallory 668–87 88.50
9. United Kingdom Angela Mortimer 607–90 87.10
10. Czechoslovakia/United States Martina Navratilova 1442–219 86.81
* minimum 300 wins

Match wins by court type

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Match winning percentage by court type

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  • active players are denoted in boldface


Calendar year achievements

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Best single season

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Titles* Year[32]
Titles
1. United States Elizabeth Ryan 1924 28
2. France Simonne Mathieu 1935 26
3. France Simonne Mathieu (2) 1936 24
United States Althea Gibson 1956
5. United States Elizabeth Ryan (2) 1921 22
6. United States Elizabeth Ryan (3) 1922 21
Australia Margaret Court 1970
8. United States Elizabeth Ryan (4) 1925 20
Australia Margaret Court (2) 1966
10. United States Elizabeth Ryan (5) 1923 19
Australia Margaret Court (3) 1964
# Match wins Year
130 United States Althea Gibson 1956
129 United States Elizabeth Ryan 1924
117 Australia Margaret Court 1965
113 United States Billie Jean King 1971
111 Australia Evonne Goolagong 1973
109 United Kingdom Ann Haydon Jones 1960
Australia Margaret Court (2) 1970
108 Australia Margaret Court (3) 1968
106 United States Elizabeth Ryan (2) 1921
103 Australia Margaret Court (4) 1969
101 Australia Margaret Court (5) 1973
Match wins (consecutive) # Year
1 Czech Republic/United States Martina Navratilova
74
1984[33]
2 United States Chris Evert
55
1974
3 Australia Margaret Court
51
1965
4 Germany Steffi Graf
46
1988
5 United States Alice Marble 45 1939
United States Alice Marble (2) 1940
Match winning* %* W–L Year
1. France Suzanne Lenglen 100.00 66–0 1923
France Suzanne Lenglen (2) 100.00 47–0 1920
United States Alice Marble 100.00 45–0 1939
United States Alice Marble (2) 100.00 45–0 1940
5. Czech Republic/United States Martina Navratilova 98.80 86–1 1983
6. United States Helen Wills 97.80 44–1 1925
6. West Germany Steffi Graf 97.72 86–2 1989
7. Czech Republic/United States Martina Navratilova (2) 97.50 78–2 1984
8. West Germany Steffi Graf (2) 97.40 75–2 1987
10. United States Althea Gibson 97.10 66–2 1957
* minimum 40 wins

Year-end Championships

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  • (1972 – present)

WTA Tier I, Premier Mandatory and Premier 5

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  • Overall totals include Tier I, Premier Mandatory, and Premier 5 tournaments only.
  • Tier I tournaments were played on 3 surfaces, (carpet) ceased as a surface after 1995.

Titles by court type

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Match wins/ percentages

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Rankings

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WTA Prize money leaders

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See WTA Tour records#WTA career prize money leaders. As prize money has increased strongly in recent decades, the lists of prize money leaders all-time and for the WTA Tour period (since 1973) are the same.

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Drucker, Joel (16 October 2008). "ESPN: Graf's Golden Slam". ESPN. Retrieved 3 August 2010.
  2. ^ "Photo Gallery: Top 10 Men's Tennis Players of All Time: #7: Andre Agassi". Sports Illustrated. p. 4. Archived from the original on 18 September 2010. Retrieved 21 December 2013.
  3. ^ Kay, Dimitri (22 November 2010). "Rafael Nadal Will Bid To Emulate Andre Agassi at the World Tour Finals". Bleacher Report. Retrieved 4 February 2014.
  4. ^ Nelson, Murry R., ed. (2013). American Sports: A History of Icons, Idols, and Ideas. Greenwood Press. p. 26. ISBN 9780313397523.
  5. ^ Janela, Mike (26 August 2013). "From Richard Sears to Andy Murray, Six Degrees of US Open separation". Guinness World Records Limited. Retrieved 30 August 2014.
  6. ^ Schwartz, Larry (2014). "Evert: grit, grace and glamour". ESPN. Retrieved 30 August 2014.
  7. ^ "US OPEN 2014: Capsules on Top Women's Players". ABC News. 22 August 2014. Retrieved 30 August 2014.
  8. ^ Robin Finn (6 July 1990). "Garrison Stuns Graf in Wimbledon Semifinal". The New York Times. Retrieved 29 August 2014.
  9. ^ "Most Grand Slam singles tennis tournaments played consecutively". Guinness World Records Ltd. 2014. Retrieved 30 August 2014.
  10. ^ "Tennis Career Highlights". chrisevert.org. 2014. Archived from the original on 2014-08-30. Retrieved 30 August 2014.
  11. ^ "Great AO Champions". Australian Open. Archived from the original on 23 January 2015. Retrieved 28 January 2015.
  12. ^ "Record Breakers". Roland Garros.com. 2015. Archived from the original on 2014-09-17. Retrieved 28 January 2015.
  13. ^ Marianne Bevis (29 August 2011). "Molla Mallory – the unsung record-breaker". The Sports Review. Retrieved 28 January 2015.
  14. ^ "French Open coverage on NBC continues this weekend with third- and fourth-round matches". NBC Sports. 29 May 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2015.
  15. ^ "Sampras and Mallory Inducted into US Open Court of Champions". Tennis Industry Magazine. September 2008. Retrieved 28 January 2015.
  16. ^ Mike Janela. "From Richard Sears to Andy Murray, Six Degrees of US Open separation". guinnessworldrecords.com. Guinness World Records. Retrieved 30 September 2016.
  17. ^ a b Lewis, Aimee (2014). "French Open women's final as it happened This page automatically updates". BBC Sport. Archived from the original on June 10, 2014. Retrieved 30 August 2014.
  18. ^ a b Admin, WTA (27 May 2013). "Notable WTA Tour records". Sony Ericsson WTA Tour. Retrieved 28 January 2015.
  19. ^ Staff Writer (29 August 2000). "Is the Wisden Trophy coming home?". The Guardian. London. Retrieved 25 January 2015.
  20. ^ Moody Wills, Helen (2014). "Singles Records" (PDF). US Open. Retrieved 21 February 2015.
  21. ^ "Serena Williams: US Open champion's career in numbers". BBC Sport. 9 September 2013. Retrieved 22 January 2015.
  22. ^ a b "No.1 Spotlight: Martina Navratilova". wtatennis.com. WTA. Archived from the original on 2015-04-05. Retrieved 13 April 2015.
  23. ^ Robertson, Max (1974). The Encyclopedia of Tennis. Viking Press. p. 293.
  24. ^ Navratilova, Martina. "Title Leaders at One WTA Event2014" (PDF). WTA. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-02-15. Retrieved 11 February 2014.
  25. ^ a b Staff Writer (24 May 2011). "Novak Djokovic's win streak is nothing to this birthday girl". World Tennis Magazine. Retrieved 28 January 2015.
  26. ^ Conner, Floyd (2002). Tennis's Most Wanted: The Top 10 Book of Baseline Blunders, Clay Court Wonders, and Lucky Lobs. Potomac Books Inc USA. ISBN 9781612340456. Retrieved 21 March 2015.
  27. ^ Finn, Robin (3 January 1998). "Helen Wills Moody, Dominant Champion Who Won 8 Wimbledon Titles, Dies at 92". NY Times. Retrieved 23 January 2015.
  28. ^ Engelmann, Larry (12 May 1988). The goddess and the American girl : the story of Suzanne Lenglen and Helen Wills (First ed.). New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 61–78. ISBN 0195043634.
  29. ^ Bud Collins (2008). Bud Collins History of Tennis. New Chapter Press. pp. 589–90. ISBN 978-0942257410.
  30. ^ Little, Alan. Suzanne Lenglen: Tennis idol of the twenties. Wimbledon Lawn Tennis Museum 1988. ISBN 090674122X.
  31. ^ "International Tennis Hall of Fame: Inductee Margaret Smith Court". www.tennisfame.com. Newport, Rhode Island, United States: International Tennis Hall of Fame. Retrieved 13 June 2019.
  32. ^ 2012 Official Guide to Professional Tennis, compiled by the Sony Ericsson WTA Tour, page 253
  33. ^ Judd, Brandon (22 March 2013). "Longest winning streaks of all time". Deseret News. Retrieved 30 August 2014.
  34. ^ Serena Williams WTA profile
  35. ^ Serena Williams WTA profile
  36. ^ Serena Williams WTA profile